FR2720436A1 - Shaped plastics frame for opening section of door or window - Google Patents

Abstract

The shaped plastics section comprises a hollow T with a bar (12) at right angles to the window frame and two flanges (14,16). The section has external walls and one or more internal partitions (38) linking the two external walls. The plastics section can be cut in two or more places, one of which is close to the end of the partition when most of one of the flanges is removed. When it is cut in this way it forms a housing for a flange on another section which has not been cut. At the end of the flanges there is an inset area (18,20) which is parallel to the bar, and there are one or more extra partitions (36) joining the two outer walls. The section may also be cut lengthwise close to the extra partition, cutting off most of the inset sections, another section can then be inserted. The window frame is made of the shaped plastics sections. A painted or lacquered metal frame can be fitted to the outside of the window frame.

Description

 The present invention relates to a plastic profile intended for the construction of door and window openings, a door or window opening produced using such a profile, as well as a frame fixing stud. on an opening constructed from such a profile.

 We already know how to make door and window openings using profiles, independently of traditional wooden construction. The most commonly used profiles are made of light metal based on aluminum or plastic.

 Light metal profiles (aluminum or one of its alloys) allow the production of high quality openings, but which are expensive. Indeed, not only is a light metal profile itself relatively expensive, but also the construction of openings requires several different types of profiles. It is therefore necessary to manage not only the manufacture, but also the storage of several different profiles.

 Openings formed from plastic profiles are less expensive than those formed from light metal profiles, because a plastic profile is less expensive than a light alloy profile of the same section.

However, the aforementioned drawback of the need to manufacture and store several different profiles still exists with this embodiment of plastic.

 In addition, the plastic openings have an additional drawback. Although the plastic of these doors has excellent thermal, acoustic and aging resistance properties, it can only be used with a small number of colors (white, off-white, light gray and beige). There are already known processes for producing good quality sashes having the desired color. The profile can be extruded simultaneously with polymethyl methacrylate on its external faces, it can be provided with colored acrylic films, or the opening can be lacquered with a special paint. However, the first two methods still pose a problem of managing large stocks for the various colors. The latter poses a problem of aging of the paint since it is applied cold.

 Another solution to the problem posed by the color of the plastic profiles requires the addition to the sash of a non-removable external frame, for example of light metal. The control of the coloring is then excellent, since it can be obtained with baked powders, for example around 180 "C.

However, the frame has only a decorative function and presents a high additional cost solely due to the color.

 Also known are frames formed of light alloy, which are usually mounted on the body of a plastic opening by the use of fixing studs comprising an elongated head intended to be housed in a groove formed in a profile of the metal frame. The blocking of the frame is achieved by rotation of a quarter turn of the stud in the groove of the metal frame. This rotation is usually carried out with a special key inserted between the frame and the plastic profile.

 However, in these plastic openings provided with a light alloy frame, when a glazing must be replaced for any reason, it is necessary to dismantle the opening frame to remove the glazing towards the outside. It is therefore necessary to rotate the fixing studs by a quarter of a turn, in the opposite direction to the mounting direction. It is therefore necessary to have the special key allowing the rotation of the fixing studs. This problem is particularly troublesome, because the special key for operating the fixing pads is frequently lost.

 Consequently, openings formed from light alloy profiles, such as those formed from plastic profiles, have a relatively high cost due to the use of several different profiles. In addition, the openings formed of plastic material pose a problem of dismantling the fixing pads.

 The object of the invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks of plastic openings, provided with an external metallic frame.

 Thus, the invention relates to the production of a single profile of plastic material which alone allows the production of the openings, that is to say that does not require a plastic profile of another type. Thus, the invention relates to a plastic profile, a part of which can be cut longitudinally at several locations so that it can be transformed into profiles of smaller section, during assembly of the corresponding opening.

 The invention also relates to an opening formed from such a plastic profile and which further comprises a metal frame attached to the opening body formed from plastic. The frame is fixed to the plastic body of the opening by fixing studs which include an arm projecting from the body and making it possible to avoid the use of a special key for the operation of the fixing studs.

 More specifically, the invention relates to a plastic profile, intended for the construction of door and window openings which have a frame and glazing; this profile comprises a hollow T-shaped body, the T-bar being intended to be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the glazing, the profile body being delimited by external walls and comprising at least one internal partition connecting two external walls, the body a section of profile which can be cut longitudinally at at least two locations, at least one of which is close to one end of the partition, the cutting eliminating at least most of a wing, the section of profile, when it is thus cut, forming a housing for a wing of another section of the same profile, but not cut, which is juxtaposed to it after having been turned end to end.

 Preferably, the wings of the profile body have, near their outer end, a re-entrant part substantially parallel to the body bar, and the body has at least one additional partition connecting two external walls, the body of a section of profile can be cut longitudinally at two locations, at least one of which is close to one end of this additional partition, the cutting eliminating at least the largest part of the re-entrant part of the wing, the profile section, when was thus cut out, forming a housing for part of another section of profile which is juxtaposed to it or for an upright of a frame.

 The invention also relates to a door or window opening, comprising a frame and a glazing, the frame being formed from a plastic profile as indicated in the preceding paragraphs. This opening also comprises an attached metal frame, fixed, to the external part of the opening, to the frame formed by the profile sections, using fixing studs, the frame being placed on the side of the opening intended to be turned outwards.

 When the frame of the opening comprises not only peripheral sections of profile but also at least one section of profile forming a cross member, the profile used is preferably of the type comprising re-entrant parts.

 In one embodiment of the opening having no section of section forming a cross-member, the section used preferably has a single re-entrant part on a wing.

 Preferably, the metal frame carries a coating of lacquer of the chosen color.

 Preferably, the frame has a glazing function and increases the inertia to the air, water and wind of the opening.

 The invention also relates to a stud for fixing a metal frame attached to an opening formed from sections of plastic profile, the attached metal frame comprising at least one cavity opening out through a throat narrower than the cavity and delimited by two cheeks. , the fixing stud being of the type which comprises a body having a projection of elongated shape, the projection being connected to the body by a member inscribed in a circle whose diameter is less than or equal to the distance separating the cheeks delimiting the throat of the cavity so that the body and the projection delimit a groove therebetween, and a hole passing through the body and the projection and centered on the center of the circle in which said member is inscribed, the hole being intended for the passage of a fixing member allowing the rotation of the body and its projection. According to the invention, the body comprises an arm projecting from the body and constituting a member for operating the fixing stud so that it can rotate.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawings in which
Figure 1 is a section of a part of a window opening, representing a cross member made with a profile according to a first embodiment of the invention, the figure also representing an attached metal frame, but without fixing stud
2 shows in section the edge of two openings made with the profile according to the invention, cut differently so that they form two complementary sections of profile
Figure 3 shows a section of the profile of Figure 1 when it has been cut to be used on the edge of an opening which must be articulated on the amount of a frame
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the mounting of a metal frame using a fixing stud according to the invention; and
Figures 5, 6 and 7 are three views, in mutually perpendicular directions, of a fixing stud as shown in the figure.

 Figure 1 shows a section of profile 10 of plastic, used as a cross member of an opening. The profile, for example formed from polyvinyl chloride, has a T-shaped body. More specifically, this body has external walls which delimit a certain number of cavities, in particular intended for the housing of seals, and by internal partitions increasing the profile stiffness. The T-shaped body essentially comprises a member forming the bar of the T, placed vertically in FIG. 1 and bearing the reference 12, and two wings 14, 16 protruding on either side of the bar 12. The wings also include re-entrant parts 18, 20 respectively which return in directions parallel to the bar 12.

 The ends of the re-entrant parts 18 and 20 delimit a cavity intended to accommodate a seal (not shown) which normally comes into contact with a glazing 24, 26.

 Also shown in Figure 1, a frame 22 which may optionally be formed of a folded sheet steel which increases the rigidity of the plastic profile. However, this reported item is not essential.

 At the upper end of the bar 12, the external wall forms a flat surface substantially parallel to the external surface of the glazing 24, 26. A frame, for example formed from light alloy profiles 28, 30, is mounted by studs fixing (not shown in Figure 1 but described in more detail with reference to Figures 4 to 7), supported by the outer faces of the glazing 24, 26, with interposition of seals.

 The foregoing description, made with reference to FIG. 1, relates to a simple conventional use of a section of plastic profile for the formation of a cross member of an opening leaf. However, according to the invention, a single profile allows the production of all sections of profiles of the frame of an opening.

 More specifically, Figure 2 shows two sections of profile 32 and 34 forming the peripheral edges of two openings. The section of section 32 has the same shape as the section 10 of FIG. 1, but the re-entrant part 20 has been cut at the level of the internal surface of the wing 14. The external walls of the section of section have therefore been cut to two locations, near the partition 36 of the wing 14 of the profile. This cutting is carried out near a partition, because the partition gives rigidity to the section of profile near the cut part and prevents its deformation. In this way, the section of section 32 can form the part of the opening to which is fixed a plate, for example.

 The section of section 34 is produced by cutting a part of the section of the section shown in FIG. 1. More precisely, with respect to FIG. 1, the section of section has been turned over so that the part which is on the right in Figure 1 is found on the left in Figure 2. It is noted that the profile section has been cut near the partition 38 so that it clears a space for housing the end of the section wing profile 32.

 Figure 3 shows another use of the profile, when it has been cut so that it forms the profile section 32 of Figure 2. In Figure 3, the profile is simply placed symmetrically with respect to the profile section 32, so that the delimited cavity (on the right in figure 3) allows the housing of the upright of a frame. In this case, the joint of the opening is carried by the wing of the section of section 32 which is shown on the right in FIG. 3. It is noted for this purpose that several cheeks 40 allow the retention of a screw holding a articulation part, the screw being introduced in the horizontal direction in FIG. 3.

 In the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3, a single section, shown in complete form in Figure 1, is used for the formation of three sections of sections of different sections, allowing the construction of openings with or without crosspieces.

 However, in another embodiment, when the openings must not comprise any crosspiece, a profile having two re-entrant parts is superfluous. In this case, the profile can be produced directly in the manner shown in FIG. 3. The external profile sections of the frames of the opening elements can then be produced with, on the one hand, the profile section 32 (FIGS. 2 and 3) and d on the other hand, the section of section 34 (FIG. 2) obtained by cutting a wing of the section of section 32.

 In a variant of this latter embodiment, the profile is produced as shown in FIG. 3 and it allows the direct production of the profile sections 32 and 34. When a profile section such as the profile section 10 of the figure 1 is necessary, a simple shim is added so that it forms the re-entrant part (reference 20 in FIG. 1).

 The use of the various preceding embodiments depends on the intended application of the profile, that is to say on the fact that it is planned to often produce openings with crosspieces or not.

 Figures 1 to 3 have been described with reference to glazing 24, 26 having a thickness such that their external surface is at the level of the end surface of the profile sections. However, there are glazings of various thicknesses, and it is not advantageous to produce different profiles for each thickness of glazing that may be used. It is obviously possible to produce the profile so that it corresponds to the greatest thickness, and add shims at the end of the re-entrant parts when the glazing used is thinner. However, in another embodiment of the invention (not shown), the re-entrant parts of the profile (such as 18 and 20 in FIG. 1) are extruded with a length corresponding to glazing 24, 26 having the smallest thickness.

When the glazing used must have a greater thickness, a portion of the re-entrant part is cut along its length. For this purpose, the re-entrant part comprises at least one internal partition near the parts to be cut, for adjusting the length of the re-entrant parts, with however the formation of a seal retaining groove. These characteristics are not shown in Figures 1 to 3, but they are obvious to those skilled in the art.

 The openings produced as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 by using the profile according to the invention retain the glazing 24, 26 only on the side of the internal face, and the replacement of the glazing requires the extraction of the glazing to be replaced by the outer face.

Furthermore, the plastic used for the profiles (in general polyvinyl chloride) has excellent thermal, acoustic and aging resistance properties, but it can only be used with a small number of colors (white, white broken, light gray and beige).

Consequently, the formation of openings of desired color quality requires the application of an external frame which covers all the parts of plastic material exposed to the outside and which allows the mounting and dismounting of the glazing 24, 26. These frames are intended to be applied against the glazing and the profiles by means of seals 42, 44 retained in suitable cavities. The frame is held at various points on its periphery by fixing studs which penetrate into cavities in the frame. These profiles, for example formed from an aluminum alloy, have cavities 46 which open, on the side of the opening of plastic material, by a groove 48.

This throat is delimited by two cheeks separated from each other.

 As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the metal frame not only can have any color, obtained by lacquering, but also it has an important role of glazing beads and increasing the inertia of the opening. Thus, the sash can easily meet the conditions set by the air, water and wind classification standards. I1 allows in particular the ventilation of the opening which is particularly important when it is directly struck by sunlight.

 Figures 5 to 7 show a fixing pad according to the invention. This stud comprises a body 50 and a projection 52 which is integral therewith, since a member 54 connects the projection 52 to the body 50. The member 54 is inscribed in a circle whose diameter is less than or equal to the distance between the cheeks which define the groove 48 of the profile. The projection 52 has an elongated shape and, in a direction transverse to its length, it has a width which is less than or equal to the width of the groove 48, that is to say the distance between the cheeks which delimit this throat. By cons, the length of the projection 52 is greater than the width of the groove, but less than the width of the cavity 46. It is noted that a hole 56 has an axis coincident with the axis of the circle in which is registered l member 54. A screw 58 is intended to pass through this hole and to fix the fixing stud to the external surface of the profile sections.

 Figure 4 shows how the metal frame is mounted on the opening formed of sections of plastic profile according to the invention. The fixing studs are fixed by screws 58 penetrating into the ends of the profiles, and the fixing studs are oriented so that the arms 60 project perpendicularly to the corresponding edge when the projection 52 is housed in the cavity 46. A rotational force exerted by a finger on the arm 60, as indicated by the arrow in FIG. 4, then ensures the locking of the frame on the fixing stud and the disappearance of the arm 60 behind the frame.

 When the frame must be dismantled, a simple hook or the end of a screwdriver is enough to slightly spread the end of the arm 60 so that it can be grasped with a finger and turned completely. When the arm 60 protrudes from the metal frame attached in a perpendicular direction, the frame can be simply removed by moving the opening apart.

 The assembly and disassembly of the metal frame relative to an opening formed of sections of plastic profile according to the invention are therefore very simple, thanks to the arm 60. The fixing studs are advantageously formed from a plastic having a resistance high mechanical, eg "Nylon".

 The use of fixing studs has been described in the case of the mounting of a metal frame on an opening formed from sections of plastic profile.

However, the fixing studs can be used with any type of sash. For example, if the profile sections are made of metal, the studs are fixed with metal screws. If the profiles are replaced by pieces of wood, the fixing studs are held in place by wood screws. However, these fixing pads are especially advantageous with plastic profiles, because it is especially the openings formed of plastic which require the addition of a metal frame.

 The production of the metal frame has not been described in detail, since it can be produced in a conventional manner. It acts as a glazing bead and increases the inertia of the opening to air, water and wind. However, Figures 1, 2 and 3 each show a different frame, formed from light metal profiles either alone (see Figure 3) or combined (see Figure 1 and left part of Figure 2).

 The invention therefore allows the realization in their set of doors and windows which can be relatively inexpensive, since they require only one type of plastic profile. In addition, the assemblies produced are very convenient to use, since the assembly and disassembly of the frame does not require any special tool.

 It is understood that the invention has only been described and shown by way of preferred examples and that any technical equivalence may be made in its constituent elements without going beyond its ambit.

Claims (9)

 1. Plastic profile, intended for the construction of door and window openings which have a frame and a glazing, characterized in that it comprises a hollow T-shaped body having a bar (12) and two wings (14 , 16), the bar of the T (12) being intended to be disposed in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the glazing (24, 26), the body of the profile being delimited by external walls and comprising at least one internal partition (38) connecting two external walls, the body of a section of profile which can be cut longitudinally at at least two locations, at least one of which is close to one end of the partition (38), the cutting eliminating at least the greatest part of 'a wing (14, 16), the section of profile, when so cut, forming a housing for a wing (14, 16) of another section of the same profile, but not cut, which is juxtaposed thereto have been returned end to end.  2. Profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the wings (14, 16) of the body of the profile have, near their outer end, a re-entrant part (18, 20) substantially parallel to the bar (12) of the body, and the body has at least one additional partition (36) connecting two external walls, the body of a section of profile that can be cut longitudinally at two locations, at least one of which is close to one end of this additional partition (38 ), the cut eliminating at least most of the re-entrant part (18, 20) of the wing, the profile section, when it has been thus cut, forming a housing for part of another section of profile which is juxtaposed to it or for the amount of a frame.  3. Door or window opening, comprising a frame and a glazing, characterized in that the frame is formed of sections of plastic profile according to one of claims 1 and 2.  4. Opening according to claim 3, characterized in that it further comprises an attached metal frame, fixed, to the external part of the opening, to the frame formed by the sections of profile, using fixing studs , the frame being placed on the side of the opening intended to be turned towards the outside.  5. Opening according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the frame of the opening comprises not only peripheral sections of profile, but also at least one section of profile forming a cross, and the profile used is according claim 2, comprising re-entrant parts (18, 20).  6. Opening according to one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that it has no section of profile forming a cross, and the profile used has a single re-entrant part (18) on a wing.  7. Opening according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the metal frame carries a coating of lacquer of the chosen color.  8. Opening according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the frame has a glazing function and increases the inertia to air, water and wind.  9. stud for fixing a metal frame attached to an opening formed from sections of plastic profile according to any one of claims 3 to 8,  the attached metal frame comprising at least one cavity (46) opening out through a groove (48) narrower than the cavity and delimited by two cheeks,  the fixing stud being of the type which comprises a body (50) having a projection (52) of elongated shape, the projection (52) being connected to the body by a member (54) inscribed in a circle whose diameter is less than or equal at the distance separating the cheeks delimiting the groove from the cavity so that the body and the projection delimit a groove between them, and a hole (56) passing through the body and the projection and centered on the center of the circle in which said member, the hole (56) being intended for the passage of a fixing member (58) allowing the rotation of the body and its projection,  characterized in that the body comprises an arm (60) projecting from the body and constituting a member for operating the fixing stud so that it can rotate.