FR2685496A1 - Obstacle detection and automatic control device for sliding doors, especially for lift doors - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an obstacle detection and automatic control device for sliding doors, especially for lift doors. This device comprises: - an obstacle detection device consisting, for each leaf, of two supports (22, 32; 24, 34) projecting respectively at the upper and lower ends of the leaf, and each carrying several independent emitters (26, 28, 30) and/or receivers (36, 38, 40) arranged so that each receiver located on one of the supports is vertically in line with a an emitter located on the other support, - a position detection device (94, 96) for detecting the particular positions of the leaf or leaves, - and a protection and processing circuit (80) intended to carry out a test on the state of operation of the emitters and receivers and to store the corresponding state in memory.

Description

DEVICE FOR DETECTING OBSTACLES AND CONTROLS
AUTOMATIC FOR SLIDING DOORS, ESPECIALLY FOR
DOORS OF ELEVATORS.

 The present invention relates to a device for detecting the presence of an obstacle in the vicinity of a sliding door and to control its automatic reopening as the obstacle has not withdrawn.

The invention applies in particular to all types of sliding doors for lift cabins, namely
- doors with central opening which comprise two leaves situated in the same plane and which move in opposite directions at the same speed,
- telescopic doors with two or more leaves, situated in offset parallel planes and moving in the same direction at different speeds,
- and doors with a single sliding door.

 Several types of obstacle detection systems are known that equip the automatic doors of today's elevators. The simplest is one or more photoelectric or infrared cells that emit horizontal beams. The main disadvantage of this system is that, whatever the distance at which an obstacle is with respect to the nose of the leaves, they open completely, because no notion of distance between the nose of the leaves and the obstacle is taken into account. However, to minimize the time lost to manage the presence of an obstacle and therefore to optimize traffic, it is necessary to estimate the distance of the obstacle to the nose of the door in order to avoid, as much as possible, more reopenings. longer than necessary.

 Systems using oblique infrared beams have the same disadvantages as those with horizontal beams.

 Some current high-end elevators use a sensing system that includes antennas, or capacitive sensors, attached to the door nose and that generate an electrostatic field. When the obstacle is at a distance less than the radius of action of the field, which is of the order of 7 centimeters, the field is modified, which causes the detection of the obstacle. The door then reopens until the obstacle is out of the field.

However, this capacitive system has a series of drawbacks that affect its effectiveness
- as already mentioned, it is unable to detect obstacles located beyond 7 centimeters,
- in the limit of its range of action, it does not take into account the distance: an obstacle in contact with the door nose is treated in the same way as an obstacle located at 7 centimeters from the door nose,
- it is particularly difficult to adjust,
- it is sensitive to variations in temperature and humidity, and
- its cost is relatively high.

 Finally, European Patent No. 0 081 110 discloses an obstacle detection device for a centrally opening elevator door, which comprises for each leaf a transmitter and an infrared light receiver fixed on the two leaves in front of their door. free vertical edge or nose, so that the beams of infrared light emitted are directed upward in a vertical direction, the reopening of the leaves being controlled when one of the infrared beams is cut by the presence of an obstacle.

 However, this detection device has the disadvantage that the obstacles are detected only by a single infrared beam, a second beam being provided to control the blocking of the door. As a result, the door reopens only when said first beam has arrived at the obstacle. If it is in the vicinity of the junction plane of the leaves in the closed position, it may take a relatively long time before the reopening is initiated. In addition, the leaves are likely to touch the obstacle before reopening.

The device according to said patent further comprises means for cleaning the emitters against fouling, these means being constituted by two brushes respectively fixed on the lower edge of the leaves, each of them cleaning the emitters fixed on the other leaf at each opening and closing
However, these brushes have limited effectiveness, because they clog themselves with all the impurities collected. Their hairs end up felting and can no longer penetrate the recesses of the elements supporting the transmitters. In addition, this mechanical cleaning performed by the brushes may be quite insufficient in the case of stubborn impurities, such as a chewing gum stuck on one of the emitters, or in the case of the destruction of one of the emitters. The door then breaks down, although no effective obstacle is present near the door leaf.

The object of the present invention is to remedy all these drawbacks and, for this purpose, it relates to an obstacle detection device and an automatic sliding door control device with at least one door leaf, in particular for an elevator door, of the type comprising for each leaf a vertical infrared beam obstacle detection device, and a cleaning device comprising a brush for cleaning the upward facing surfaces of the obstacle detection device, characterized in that
the obstacle detection device comprises, for each leaf, two supports projecting respectively at the upper and lower ends of the leaf, in front of the leaf nose, each support carrying a plurality of emitters and / or receivers arranged in line so that each receiver located on one of the supports or vertically of a transmitter located on the other support,
each receiver transmits at its output a binary logic signal whose value depends on the cutoff or the transmission of the associated beam, the signals delivered by the receivers being all independent of each other,
and in that it further comprises a position detection device for detecting particular positions of the door leaf (s), and which is interfaced with a protective and processing circuit intended on the one hand, to perform before opening or at any time during the opening, a test on the operating state of the beams and to memorize the corresponding states, and on the other hand, to inhibit the beams just before they pass under the brush at the moment closing, so that the brush is not confused with an obstacle, and to reactivate when reopening just after they passed under the brush, said protection circuit and treatment being itself interfaced with a circuit management system, known per se, controlling a drive motor of the leaves.

 The protection and processing circuit thus manages the beams, in particular their storage and their processing. It is he who decides whether to stop or reopen the door, and he communicates his decision to the management circuit. Only beams that are found to be non-faulty at the time of the test are taken into consideration during the closing that follows.

 The test can be carried out at any time when the doors are opened, but it should be borne in mind that the more the door is opened at the time of the test, the more likely it is that a passenger will cut one or more beams, thus putting the latter out of service during the closing that will follow. For reasons of space, one can for example perform the test at the beginning of the opening, just after the beam closest to the leaf nose is passed under the brush.

 The fact that the beams are independent is an important feature of the invention. This can be achieved by means of respectively synchronous transmitters and receivers.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description of an embodiment, with reference to the appended drawings in which
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic front elevational view of a two-leafed elevator car provided with a control device according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view on a larger scale, along the line II - II of FIG.
Figure 3 is an elevational view along the arrow A of Figure 1
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view showing the support of the emitters, the brushes and the counter-brushes, and
Figure 5 shows a working tool.

 The following description will be made in the case of an automatic elevator door with two sliding leaves, but it also applies to the case of a telescopic door, and a single leaf door. Similarly, the invention does not only concern lifts, but also any other application using one or two sliding doors with automatic opening and closing.

 With reference to Figures 1 to 4, the two leaves 10, 12 of an elevator car, not shown, are slidably mounted in the same plane. They are suspended on a tail 14 by means of trolleys 16, 18 provided with rollers 20. Their lower edge is guided by pads 21 received in a common slide 23 formed in the threshold 25 of the cabin.

 The cabin door is provided with an obstacle detection device which will now be described in detail.

 At the lower part of the leaf 10 is fixed a first support 22 containing transmitters 26, 28, 30 delivering three beams of infrared light pulses 44, 46, 48. At the upper part of the leaf 10 is fixed a second support 32 containing receivers 36, 38, 40 for said beams.

 The transmitter support 22 is arranged horizontally in the plane of the leaf 10, so that the transmitters are all in front of the nose 42 of said leaf. The pulse beams 44, 46, 48 are oriented vertically upwards. They were materialized in Figures 1 and 3 by discontinuous lines.

 In the same way, the leaf 12 is provided in front of its nose 52 of a transmitter support 24 delivering three beams of infrared light pulses 54, 56, 58, directed vertically upwards, and a support of receivers 34.

 It goes without saying that the positions of the supports 22, 32 can be reversed, likewise for the supports 24, 34.

On the other hand, the same support can be provided with both transmitters and receivers, provided that each receiver on a support must be located vertically from a transmitter on the other support.

 As is apparent from Figures 2 to 4, the leaves 10, 12 slide in the same plane, so that in the closed position, their nose 42, 52 are applied to one another. So that the closure is not obstructed, the supports 22, 32 associated with the leaf 10 are in a plane offset from the plane containing the supports 24, 34 associated with the leaf 12. For this, we fix said supports on the leaves by means of of screws 60, 62 of different respective lengths and tubular shims 63.65 (Figure 2).

 As shown in FIG. 3, the transmitter supports 22, 24 are slidably mounted in two parallel grooves 68, 70, formed in the threshold 25 of the cabin.

 Receivers 36, 38, 40 are synchronous with associated transmitters 26, 28, 30. They generate electrical pulses which, after having been amplified by an amplifier 76 connected to the receivers by a link 72, electrically excite the corresponding emitters 26, 28, 30 via the link 74. The emitters then emit these pulses optical (infrared). The receivers then detect these optical pulses and output a binary signal which is, for example, low if the received optical pulses correspond exactly (in frequency, in useful cycle and in phase) with the electrical pulses emitted by the receivers, and high on the other hand.

 This binary signal is transmitted via the link 72, the amplifier 76 and a link 78, to an electronic protection and processing circuit 80, which is connected to a management circuit 82 of the movement of the doors by a link 79. The management circuit controls the drive motor of the leaves, not shown.

 What has just been said is valid for each receiver 36, 38, 40. This results in the important advantage that the beams 44, 46, 48 and 54, 56, 58 are processed individually, independently of one another. For example, cutting the beam 48 furthest from the leaf nose 42 may cause the leaves to stop, while an obstacle cutting the beam 44 closest to the nose may cause reopening at maximum speed. The beam or beams between these two extreme beams can cause reopening at intermediate speeds, different for each beam and depending on its distance, which is known precisely, the nose door.On thus manages to optimize the traffic, unlike the detection devices of the prior art where the leaves always reopen at the same speed regardless of the distance of the obstacle to the leaf nose.

 Another advantage of the device according to the invention with respect to the electrostatic detection systems of the prior art lies in the fact that generally no adjustment of the positioning of the receiver supports 32,34 with respect to the transmitter supports 22, 24 be done, because each receiver is tuned to the corresponding transmitter, and is therefore insensitive to the optical signals it receives from neighboring transmitters, and also because the beams are tapered.

 However, to overcome any manufacturing defects of the leaves, it may still provide means for adjusting the alignment of the beams. For example, the transmitter supports 22, 24 may each comprise two vertical lateral arms 81, 83 respectively pierced with a vertical oblong hole 85 and two vertical oblong holes 87 situated one below the other, for the passage of the fixing screws 60,62.

 Similarly, the receiver supports 32, 34 can be pierced with horizontal oblong holes 66 for the passage of fixing screws, not shown for clarity of the drawing.

 The proper alignment of transmitters and receivers can also be controlled by a service tool 89 which will be described in detail later.

 Due to their upward orientation and threshold position, the transmitters are permanently fouled. It may happen that one or more beams are thereby interrupted, which would be interpreted by the protection and treatment circuit 80 as if an obstacle was present and thus cause the reopening or the inadvertent shutdown of the leaves. There is therefore the problem of ensuring the cleanliness of the emitting surfaces.

 According to the invention, there is provided for this a cleaning device which comprises two brushes 84, 86 respectively fixed on the bottom of the leaf noses 42, 52, respectively in alignment with the supports 24, 22.

Thus, at each opening of the leaves, at the arrival of the elevator car to a floor, as well as to each complete closure, the brushes 84, 86 brush the upper surfaces of the supports 24, 22 over their entire length.

 In turn, said supports are provided at their free end, against-brushes 88, 90 which have the role of rubbing against the brushes 86, 84 respectively, in order to rid them of impurities they could have collected.

 However, such a cleaning device is effective only to remove non-adherent impurities.

But, in the case where stubborn impurities strongly adhere to a transmitter, or in the case of the destruction of a transmitter or receiver, the door may fail, while no obstacle is actually present on the threshold. Similarly, it is necessary that the infrared beams can be cut by the brushes, as they pass under these during closing, without the brushes are considered as obstacles. Of course the management circuit does not take into account the obstacle detection device during the opening.

 For this purpose, there is provided according to the invention a device for detecting certain particular positions of the leaves. It is possible, for example, to use devices comprising transmitters on one leaf and receivers on the cabin or vice versa, or mechanical switches or magnetic sensors or an encoder fixed on the drive motor of the leaves, or any other device. giving information on the position of the leaves.

 According to another aspect of the invention, it is also possible to use a detection device with optoelectronic forks. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, this device will be described in its particular application to the detection of certain positions of the leaves, but it is important to note that it may also have other applications. It could, for example, provide the door movement management circuit with information relating to the position of the doors and, after bypass, to speed and acceleration. This could replace existing encoders.

 This device comprises a horizontal support 92 fixed to the upper part of the cabin, above the leaves and parallel to them. This support is provided with at least two optoelectronic forks 94, 96 which, as we know, each comprise a transmitter 98 which emits an optoelectronic beam to a receiver 100.

As shown in FIG. 3, said transmitter and receiver are arranged in such a way that the optoelectronic beam propagates transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the leaves 10, 12. At the upper part of one of the leaves, for example the leaf right 12, is fixed a screen 102, capable, during the movement of the leaves, to pass between the emitters 98 and receivers 100 of the two forks, thus cutting the two optoelectronic beams.

 Of course, the support 92 may as well be fixed on the leaf 12, and the screen 102 on the cabin.

 Each fork emits at its output a binary signal which is, for example low when the optoelectronic beam associated with it is cut, and high in the opposite case. The output signals emitted by the two forks are sent to the protection and processing circuit 80, via a link 104.

 In the example shown, the relative arrangement of the forks and the door bundles is such that at closing, the beam of the rightmost fork 96 in FIG. 1 is cut off by the screen 102 just before the Infrared beams 48, 58 farthest from the door noses 42, 52 disappear respectively under the brushes 86, 84. The fork 96 then delivers a low logic signal which indicates to the protection and processing circuit 80 that it must not take considering the cutting of beams 48, 58 as they go under the brushes. Thus, despite the cutting of these beams, the brushes will not be considered as obstacles, and the leaves will continue their closing movement.

 In the same way, the fork 94 on the left in FIG. 1 is cut off during closing just before the infrared beams 44, 54 closest to the door noses 42, 52 pass under the brushes 86, 84 At this time, the fork 94 delivers a low signal which indicates to the protection and processing circuit 80 that the infrared beams 44, 54 are not taken into account.

 On the other hand, when reopening, on arrival on the floor, the bundles of the forks will be reactivated in the reverse order, that is to say that it is the left fork 94 which goes, the first, pass a high binary level, then the right fork 96. At their respective high pass, the forks signal to the protection and processing circuit 80 that the corresponding infrared beams are to be taken into account as soon as they reappear under the brushes.

 It is thus possible to associate a fork with each pair of beams 44, 54; 46, 56 and 48, 58 to signal the protection and processing circuit 80 during closing that these beams will pass under the brushes. But we can also associate the same fork to several infrared beams. This is assumed in Figure 1 where the protection device has only two forks, the right fork 96 being supposed to treat the two pairs of beams 46, 56 and 48, 58 the farthest from the nose of door.

 In summary, depending on whether the binary state of a fork is high or low, the protection and processing circuit 80 takes into account or does not take into account respectively the corresponding infrared beam or beams.

When the condition of a fork is low, the corresponding infrared beam is considered by the protection and treatment circuit 80 as passing, even if physically it is cut by the brush.

 The protection and treatment circuit thus avoids the accidental reopening of the leaves during the entire phase of movement where the infrared beams pass under the brushes and all the time when the binary state of a fork is low.

 According to the invention, the electronic protection and processing circuit 80 has the other function of testing all the infrared beams of the door. For this purpose, the protection and processing circuit 80 is provided with memory components, making it possible to memorize the state of all the door beams.

 As mentioned above, the operation of the test can be done at any time of the opening of the leaves or even before the opening of the leaves. But for reasons of space, the test is performed, in the case illustrated, at the beginning of each opening of the leaves, when the arrival of the cabin on the floor, just after the infrared beams 44, 54 most near the door noses passed under the brushes. At this moment, the fork 94 on the left in FIG. 1 goes from the low level to the high level. The test is done on the rising edge of the signal delivered by the fork 94. The logic signals emitted by the receivers then activate the storage components of the protection and processing circuit in such a way that it will take into account, during the following closure, beams in service, but not faulty beams.

The test makes it possible, during the closing which follows, to ignore the faulty beams, and to take into account only beams that function normally.

 The worst case that can occur is when a transmitter gets dirty or breaks when the leaves are open. The beam of the transmitter broken or fouled will then permanently signal to the protection and processing circuit 80 that an obstacle (actually nonexistent) cuts the beam. The leaves will then remain open until forced closure is ordered by the door movement management circuit 82, after a certain amount of time from the arrival to the floor.

The elevator can then start again. When it arrives at another stage, at the opening of the leaves, the protection and treatment circuit 80 tests all the sensors. The faulty beam will not be taken into account during successive closing operations. If, after a certain period of time, the defective transmitter is repaired (cleaned or replaced), at the next reopening, the test will be positive and the corresponding beam will be considered again by the protection and treatment circuit.

 In the most unfortunate and highly unlikely case where all the infrared door beams fail at the time of the test, the leaves will continue to operate without the detection system being able to detect any obstacles. However, it should be noted that, even in this very unlikely case, the management circuit 82 provides a mechanical obstacle detection.

 With this system, so we avoid to break the elevator and tested at each opening the beams, with the possibility to consider them again after a moment of failure.

 Tables I and II given below show the different phases of operation of the control and protection device according to the invention.

Table I corresponds to normal operation, that is to say in which no door beam is faulty, and Table II corresponds to the case where the second infrared beam 46 of the leaf 10 is dirty, and it shows only the states corresponding to said beam, the other beams behaving exactly as in Table I.

front du passage de la fourche du niveau bas au niveau haut

front du passage de la fourche du niveau haut au niveau bas
T test des faisceaux infrarouges
t moment considéré.The following legend has been adopted in these two tables
L logic level low
H logical level high
X infrared beam not active
Active infrared beam
B brushing
C brushing

forehead of forklift from low to high

front of fork passage from high level to low level
T test infrared beams
t considered moment.

These tables each describe a complete cycle of opening and closing of the leaves at the following times.
to completely closed wings
t1 passage of the fork 94 to a high level
t2 passage of the fork 96 to a high level
t3 leaves completely open
t4 ironing the fork 96 to a low level
t5 Ironing the fork 94 to a low level
all doors closed again.

TABLE I

<tb><SEP> t <SEP> tO <SEP> tl <SEP> t2 <SEP> t3 <SEP> t4 <SEP> t5 <SEP> cC
<tb><SEP>.
<Tb>

<SEP> -T- <SEP> H <SEP> H <SEP> H <SEP> dC <SEP> L
<tb> Fork <SEP> 96 <SEP> L
<tb> Beam <SEP> 44 <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> AoX <SEP> B <SEP> X
<tb> Beam <SEP> 46 <SEP> X <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> X <SEP> X
<tb> Beam <SEP> 48 <SEP> X <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> XoA <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> X <SEP> X
<tb> Beam <SEP> 54 <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> X ~ A <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> A :: Y <SEP> B <SEP> X
<tb> Harness <SEP> 56 <SEP> X <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> XA <SEP> A <SEP> A <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> X <SEP> X
<tb> Harness <SEP> 58 <SEP> X <SEP> X <SEP> B <SEP> X <SEP> A <SEP> AX <SEP> B <SEP> X <SEP> X
<tb><SEP> tf
<tb><SEP> T <SEP> C <SEP> C
<tb><SEP> Open <SEP> Close
<Tb>
TABLE II

<tb><SEP> t <SEP> t7 <SEP> tg <SEP> tq <SEP> t <SEP> F *
<tb><SEP> L <SEP> J <SEP>"0
<tb> (dirty)
<Tb>
The following is a brief explanation of these tables. At the moment t0, the cabin arrives on the floor: the leaves are closed. The optoelectronic beams of the two forks 94, 96 are cut off and are therefore at a low level L. The state of all the infrared beams is not taken into account by the protection and processing circuit 80.

 The leaves begin to open. The infrared beams 44 and 54 closest to the door noses pass just before the moment t1 under the respective brushes 86, 84 and switch, at time t1 from the non-active state X to the active state A. At this moment, the left fork 94 moves from the low level to the high level. The rising edge activates a memorization of the state of all the beams in the processing protection circuit 80.

In particular, the rising edge of the fork 94 ensures that the protection and processing circuit takes into account the beams in operating condition, during the closing which follows. By cons, the failed state of the fouled beam 46 (Table 11) is stored in a corresponding memory, so that said beam is not taken into consideration during the closing that follows.

 The opening continues, the beam 46 passes under the brush 86, but even if the sweep restores it, it will not be taken into consideration at the time of closing, because the test was performed at time t1 where the fork 94 has switched to the high level.

 It is then the beams 48, 58 which pass under the brushes 86, 84.

 At time t2, the output of the fork 96 changes state and goes to a high level. At this level, the beams 46, 48; 56, 58 are taken into account by the protection and processing circuit 80.

 Then, against-brushes 88, 90 rub on the brushes 86, 84 to detach any impurities.

 The doors are fully open at time t3 and passengers board the cabin. A certain time later, fixed by the management circuit 82, the closing begins.

The beams which have passed the test at time t1 are taken into account by the protection and processing circuit 80. In the case of the example considered, the beams 44, 48 and 54, 56, 58 are the only ones capable of to detect an obstacle. The beam 46 is not taken into account.

 Before the transmitters pass under the leaves, the counter-brushes 88, 90 rub on the brushes 86, 84. At time t4 the beams 46, 48 and 56, 58 are deactivated, that is to say that the protection and processing circuit 80 is not interested in their state. This allows these beams to pass under the brushes without causing the reopening of the leaves.

 The beams 44, 54 are still taken into account until the moment t5 when they are deactivated. Between moments t4 and t5, they could still detect an obstacle, if they had passed the test at time t1.

 At time t5, the beams 44, 54 are deactivated.

All beams are then inhibited. According to the standards, this inhibition of all the beams is achieved within 5 centimeters of the closure.

 The various functions of the device of the invention can be controlled by the aforementioned service tool 89, which will now be described with reference to FIG.

 The service tool is electrically connected to the protection and processing circuit 80. It comprises a matrix of eighteen light-emitting diodes 110 arranged on 6 columns and 3 lines. The diodes located on the same column correspond to the same door beam. Columns were identified in Figure 5 by the corresponding reference of the door beam 44,46,48 58,56,54. The diodes located on the same line correspond to the same control. Thus, the three lines of the matrix of diodes correspond respectively to beam alignment (AL), non-faulty beams at the time of the test (FND) and faulty beams at the time of the test (FD).

The service tool therefore allows
- to check the correct alignment of the beams
- to check which beams have successfully passed the last test, and which beams will be inhibited at the next closing, because they failed at the time of the last test.

The service tool still includes
- A light emitting diode 112 to see if the test is at the right time, that is to say if the system forks / screen is well adjusted
two light-emitting diodes 114, 116 giving information on the correct operation of the optoelectronic forks 94.96
- Light emitting diodes 118,120,122 indicating the type of door, for example central opening (OC), two telescopic leaves opening on the left (2VG) or on the right (2VD).

 The tool can also help to troubleshoot the protection and processing circuit.

 The tool can remain permanently connected, although its use is limited to assembly and maintenance.

Claims (10)

 1. Device for the detection of obstacles and automatic sliding door control with at least one leaf (10, 12), in particular for an elevator door, of the type comprising for each leaf an obstacle detection device (22, 32 24,34), and a cleaning device comprising a brush (84,86) for cleaning the upward facing surfaces of the obstacle detection device, characterized in that  - The obstacle detection device comprises for each leaf two supports (22,32; 24,34) projecting respectively to the upper and lower ends of the leaf, in front of the leaf nose (42,52), each support carrying several transmitters (26,28,30) and / or receivers (36,38,40) arranged in line so that each receiver on one of the supports is vertically connected to a transmitter located on the other support,  each receiver (36, 38, 40) emits at its output a binary logic signal whose value depends on the cutoff or the transmission of the associated beam, the signals delivered by the receivers being all independent of each other,  and in that it further comprises a position detection device for detecting particular positions of the door leaf (s), and which is interfaced with a protection and processing circuit (80) intended on the one hand to perform, before or after at any time during the opening, a test on the state of operation of the beams and to memorize the corresponding states, and secondly to inhibit the beams just before they pass under the brush at the time of closing, so that the brush is not confused with an obstacle, and to reactivate when reopening just after they passed under the brush, said protection and treatment device being itself interfaced with a circuit of management (82), known per se, controlling a drive motor of the leaves.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each transmitter and the receiver associated therewith are synchronous in that the receivers (36, 38, 40) generate electrical pulses which, after amplification, electrically excite the emitters ( 26,28,30) corresponding thereto, the latter then emitting these pulses in optical form, and in that the receivers detect these optical pulses and output, a binary signal having a first level if the optical pulses received correspond with the electrical pulses emitted by the receiver, and a second level in the opposite case.  3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for detecting the position of the leaves is constituted by any system capable of giving information on the position of the leaves, for example mechanical switches, magnetic sensors, or a encoder attached to the drive motor of the leaves.  4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for detecting the position of the leaves is constituted by optoelectronic forks comprising transmitting sets (94,96) mounted on a leaf or on the cabin, and a screen ( 102) capable of interposing successively between the sets of transmitters and receivers during the movement of the leaves, said receivers sending to the protection and processing circuit (80) binary signals whose logic level depends on the cutoff or transmission of the transmission between transmitters and receivers of said sets (94,96).  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that each transmitter receiver assembly (94,96) is associated with an infrared beam (44,46,48; 54,56,58) or with a group of infrared beams.  6. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the screen (102) is dimensioned so that at the total closing of the leaves, it is interposed between all sets of transmitters receivers (94,96), and that as the leaves open, it emerges successively said sets.  7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the protection and processing circuit (80) comprises storage elements, which at the time of the test stores the state of all the door beams (44, 46, 48). 54, 56, 58) so as to disregard, during the closing which follows, failed beams.  8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the supports (22,24) located at the lower part of the leaves (10,12) are fixed against-brushes (88,90) for cleaning the brushes (86,84) which are carried respectively by the other leaf, each opening and closing of the leaves.  9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a service tool (89) for controlling the proper alignment of the receivers on the transmitters, the proper operation of the optoelectronic forks, and to signal the timing of the test, the type of door, etc.  10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the service tool is constituted by a light-emitting diode electronic device (110) connected to the protection and processing circuit (80), each light-emitting diode being associated with a beam.