FR2680451A1 - EGRAPPOIR EQUIPPED WITH AN IMPROVED LOADING SYSTEM. - Google Patents

Abstract

The entrance area of this machine is made to allow different variants of grape processing. The destemmer comprises a frame (30) in which are rotatably mounted, coaxially, a destemming cylinder and a shaft lined with tips and preceded by a loading hopper (33) shared by a vertical partition in two feed hoppers the first of which directs the grapes towards the destemming cylinder and the second directs the grapes towards the crushing rollers located under this cylinder or an opening (31) at the bottom of the frame. A separator flap (39) mounted to pivot on a horizontal axis (40) at the upper edge of the partition, enables one or the other feed hopper to be closed. Applicable to the rapid processing of grapes of different kinds arriving in varying states.

Description

The invention relates to a machine for desteming grapes or destemmer,

  comprising a machine frame, a de-stemming cylinder rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis in the machine frame and having open ends, an end opening forming the grape inlet opening and the other opening of the machine frame; end forming the exit aperture of the stalked stalks, possibly crushing rollers arranged under the destalking cylinder, parallel thereto, which can be set in or out of action, for crushing the berries leaving the cylinder destemming through its destacking holes, the embossing rollers being followed, at the bottom, by an opening in the frame for discharging the striated or unstressed bays, as well as a spindle shaft rotatably mounted in the machine frame, essentially concentrically inside the de-stemming cylinder, the de-stemming cylinder and the spike shaft being rotatable in the same or opposite direction, forming a differential speed, the spindle shaft rotating faster than the de-stemming cylinder and finally an acceleration screw disposed upstream of the spike shaft proper on this shaft, and a hopper for loading the reasons, loading hopper that precedes the intake opening of the de-stemming cylinder

  in the frame of the machine and in the lower end

  above which the acceleration screw protrudes

  by the essential part of its length.

  Such a machine is used to separate the berries from the grapes, it being understood that the berries must be free of stalks and stalks, while the stalks leaving the machine must no longer carry berries The current demands are increasingly in the direction of getting separate berries in as much as possible unexploded or injured form Similarly, it is almost not allowed that the berries still contain

  fragments of stems or stems.

  In the case of a destemmer of the type mentioned at the beginning, the grapes are brought from above to the loading hopper This one can contain a rotational screw, horizontally oriented, which ensures that the grapes are brought in a controlled quantity , constant, to the screw of acceleration and consequently to the spiked box and inside the destalking cylinder The grapes then pass through the stalking cylinder being driven by the shaft lined with tips arranged in a helix while the berries are separated from the stalks by the staling orifices and fall outside the cylinder, while the destemmed stalks leave the cylinder in the axial direction through the exit aperture

of it.

  The grapes can then leave the

  without further processing, by the opening at the bottom of the frame of the machine, and be transported and / or treated after this adequately However, the opening of the frame is usually preceded by a pair of rollers of crushing by the grapes may be crushed lightly or completely, or may not be walked on at all. This latter possibility results from the fact that the crushing rollers are removable or can be moved apart. Modified or completed operations of a machine of the type mentioned at the beginning, allow other 0 modes or variants of treatment of the grapes, like those

  or those currently requested by the market.

  Thus, first, we can

  denounce de-stemming and bring the grapes directly to the crushing rolls for crushing only before transport and / or subsequent processing. In another case, already mentioned, the grapes are only destemmed and the berries are then transported without any crushing It also happens, finally, that we give up all processing of the grapes, so that the machine is only used in bypass for other processing steps. The requirement of these variants is due to the fact that the devices for receiving the grapes can be very large and that the different kinds of grapes delivered do not always arrive regularly or in the pre-sorted state, so that one must be able to move relatively quickly to any of the

different variants.

  For this purpose, a destemmer may be provided with an Archimedean screw installed above its frame and two openings, one of which is that of the loading hopper and the other opening leads directly from

  up to the side wall of the seed cylinder

  page The Archimedean screw can be rotated

  left and right, so that it can be used to

  ferment the grapes brought to one or the other opening.

  When the grapes are brought to the loading hopper, they are destemmed as described. If the grapes are brought to the opening above the destalking cylinder, they can either leave the machine untreated or be removed. stride more or less without

no stalking operation.

  A machine of another construction also includes the two mentioned openings, but the frame of the machine is surmounted also by a hopper of

  additional loading arranged movable in trans-

  tion, so that it can be positioned

  selectively above one or other of the openings

  tures. On the one hand, all the constructions have the disadvantage of the presence of the metering screw inside the loading hopper and, on the other hand, the presence of an Archimedean screw provided in addition and which can turn left or right, that of a mobile hopper The presence of two openings on the frame of the machine is also a drawback The need for one or even two Archimedes screws leads to the degradation of the quality of the grapes brought to the machine because it is already crushed more or less by the work of the screws, so that we get damaged berries and large amounts of juice, so a

  relatively humid product The additional provisions

  described also imply an expenditure in

considerable equipment.

  The object of the invention is to produce a destemmer, of the type mentioned at the beginning, so that the treatment variants described are possible without the need for Archimedean screws, two openings at the top of the frame of the machine and possibly It is therefore necessary, while preserving the variable treatment mode, to simplify the machine considerably and to make it considerably less expensive, and to guarantee in particular

  same time a high quality of reason brought to treat-

  is lying. Starting from a destacker of the type mentioned in

  At first, this result is obtained in accordance with the invention.

  the fact that the loading hopper is divided over a part of its height by a partition substantially vertical and parallel to the axis of the de-stemming cylinder and the spike shaft, so that a first hopper d feed for the throttle screw is formed on one side of the partition and a second feed hopper for the crimping rollers or the opening of the frame disposed under the destacking cylinder, is formed of the on the other side of the partition, at least the wall of the second feed hopper connected to the end of the partition remote from the destacking cylinder is made to extend obliquely downwards towards the opening of the frame, and that a sheet metal separator flap is pivotally arranged and adjustable in inclination between two extreme positions around a horizontal axis parallel to the de-stemming cylinder in the region of the upper edge of the partition, so that at each positi the shutter closes at the top, either the first feed hopper or the second hopper

Power.

  By these provisions according to the invention, the need for Archimedean screws is removed in such a way that

  It also avoids the need for two

  The grape can thus be brought to the desired treatment process without any prior degradation. The construction of the machine is, moreover, extremely simple and the few arrangements provided for according to the invention are within the scope of the invention. machine frame, which is also

  2 N advantageous for aesthetics and cleanliness.

  Despite this, the simple construction according to the invention allows the execution of all the four variants described at the beginning of the treatment of grapes. In addition, there is a fifth variant. In fact, when the shutter is immobilized at a position between its two parts. extreme positions, it becomes possible to send a portion of the grapes arriving at the de-stemming cylinder and to pass the other part next to this cylinder, without treatment by it, which allows to establish the mixture of percentages desired untreated grapes and berries in the region of the embossing rollers or the opening at the bottom of the frame This facilitates the operation of the treatment devices provided in the following It is however also possible to guide and n 5 of determined the taste of the product obtained by the treatment. For the variant mentioned last, it was until now necessary to provide the de-stemming cylinder with special opening windows, which eventually had to be opened and subsequently manually closed again laboriously.

  It is advantageous, in the context of

  the separating flap shall be provided with perforation

  or made in the form of a grid.

  It thus becomes possible to separate the juice frequently.

  produced by the transport and driven by the grapes harvested from the mass of grapes As much as possible dry grapes is indeed an important factor for

  to get a decent and effective job of grappling

poir.

  In addition, it can be advantageous for the large

  perforations decrease in the direction of opening

  feed hoppers, or to the machine frame portion containing the de-stemming cylinder, to

  adequate operation of the juice separation operation.

  In the same spirit, it is appropriate that the partition is also provided with perforations, which allows an additional separation between the juice and the

mass of grapes.

  Finally, with regard to the separate

  the various settings are of course

  However, it may be advantageous for the inclination of the separator flap to be adjustable by the control, by means of a motor, of a shaft containing

  the pivot axis of the separator flap.

  Other features and benefits of

  the invention will become clearer from the description of

  The following is a non-limiting example of embodiment and the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGS. 1a and b are respectively a side view and an end view, partly in section, of a known destacker ;

  FIGS. 2 a, b to 5 a, b are representative

  schematic views by side views and end views respectively, of different variants of grape processing with a destemmer corresponding generally to that illustrated in Figure 1, but in a known completed execution; Figures 6a and b are a schematic side view and a schematic end view of another known completion of the destalker according to Figure 1;

  Figure 7 is a simplified representation

  a destemmer according to the invention, in which it has highlighted especially in longitudinal section, the loading area provided according to the invention; Figure 8 is a top view of the scraper according to Figure 7; Figure 9 is an enlarged representation of the loading area of the destacker according to Figure 7; and Figure 10 is a cross section

  schematic of the scraper according to Figure 7.

  Figures la and b are respectively a side view and an end view partially in section

a known destemmer.

  The machine comprises a frame 1 in which is rotatably mounted a de-stemming cylinder 2 open to its

  two ends A tree 3, furnished with spikes 4

  helically around it, is rotatably mounted, sensi-

  on the same axis, inside the cylinder

destemming 2.

  At its end shown to the left, the spike shaft 3 carries an acceleration screw 5, the essential part of the length protrudes into the lower zone of a loading hopper 6 Above the acceleration screw, the hopper 6 contains a screw

  7 which brings the grapes to a single dosage

  form in the left / right direction at the acceleration screw and consequently inside the de-stemming cylinder 2. In the latter, the grapes are de-stemmed using destacking orifices 8 located at the periphery of the cylinder 2 The stalked stalks then leave this cylinder by its outlet opening provided at the end shown on the right, from where they fall from the frame 1 of the machine by

chute 9.

  The berries fall laterally outside the de-stemming cylinder 2 and are directed by sheet metal deflectors 10, 11 to a pair of rollers.

  crushing 12 o they are straddled more or less strong-

  However, it is also possible not to provide additional treatment of the berries at this location.

  For this purpose, the crushing rollers 12 can be moved apart from one another, as indicated in the end view by the possibility of axial displacement 13 of the embossing roll shown on the left. The grapes then leave the frame 1 of the machine through a

  opening 14 provided at the bottom of this frame.

  As can be seen from the end view of FIG. 1b, in particular arrows drawn in the destacking cylinder 2, this cylinder and the spike shaft 3 are counter-rotating. The drive is produced by a motor 15 that drives on the one hand a transmission 16 for the embossing rollers 12 and on the other hand a

  transmission 17 for the spindle 3.

  The embossing rollers 12 in turn drive the desalting cylinder 2 at their opposite end to the motor 15 and via a

transmission 18.

  Finally, the drive of the dosing screw 7

  is also derived from the engine 15.

  Figures 2 to 5 illustrate in a simplified way

  The machine is surmounted for this purpose by an additional Archimedean screw 20, to which is coordinated a feed hopper 21. screw 20 can be rotated to the right or left, as desired, so that it can transport the grapes to the left

  or to the right according to the side views (& l of differences

  Figs. At the left end of the screw 20, the frame 1 of the machine has an aperture through which the reason is directed to the sanding cylinder 2 at the right end of the Archimedean screw 20 the frame has another opening, located above the de-stemming cylinder 2, through which the

reason bypasses this cylinder.

  Below the de-stemming cylinder 2, rollers 12 are again installed from which the product reaches a collecting tank 22 where it can be evacuated by pumping or from

  which it can be transported in another way.

  According to Figure 2, the screw 20 rotates in a direction such that the grape is brought to the opening on the side

  left of the frame 1, from where it enters through the feed hopper

  6, located under this opening, into the de-stemming cylinder 2 Here, the grapes are de-stemmed and the berries are then treaded between them.

rolls 12.

  In the form of treatment according to Figure 3, the screw 20 rotates in the other direction and the grape is brought to the machine through the opening on the right side of the frame 1, from which it reaches the rollers

  crushing 12 bypassing the de-stemming cylinder 2.

  In this case, the grapes, unseeded, are therefore only

  stride before undergoing consecutive treatment.

  The processing by the embodiment according to FIG. 4 corresponds again to that of FIG. 2. The difference is that the crushing rollers 12 are spaced apart from one another, so that the bays are transported to another destination. without having been

stride beforehand.

  With the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the grapes are not destemmed, as in the example according to FIG. 3, and the embossing rolls 12 are also mutually spaced, so that the machine does not perform any

treatment on the grape.

  FIG. 6 shows yet another variant completing the machine described with reference to FIG. 1. In this case, the machine is not surmounted by an additional Archimedean screw, as in the example of FIGS. 2 to 5, but a movable hopper 23 which is movable in translation between a left opening, communicating with the feed hopper 6, and a

  right opening located above the cylinder of égrap-

  Depending on the position occupied by the hopper 23, it is also possible to carry out the treatment variants mentioned with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. FIGS. 7 to 10 show the production of a destemmer according to the invention in a simplified way in this respect. that the conserved parts of the machine described with reference to Figure 1 are not represented by

  again, nor described again in what follows.

  It can be seen that the machine also has a frame 30 with an opening 31 at the bottom and an outlet 32

for the raids.

  The de-stemming cylinder, not shown, is again preceded by a loading hopper generally indicated by 33. As can be seen in particular in FIGS. 8 and 10, this hopper is shared by a substantially vertical partition 34 which is parallel. to the axis of the destalking cylinder not shown, so that the grape can be brought to one side, through a first feed hopper 35, to the stalking cylinder, while on the other side of the partition 34, it can be directed directly downwards, through a second feed hopper 36, towards the opening 31 of the frame or rollers of

  crushing before this opening.

  While the first feed hopper 35

  again, at the bottom, the configuration 37

  when receiving the acceleration screw, the wall

  38 of the second feed hopper S 'extends oblique-

  towards the opening 31 at the bottom of the building,

  forming a sort of slider.

  The partition 34 extends only about halfway up the loading hopper 33 In the area of the upper edge of the partition 34, a sheet 39 forming a separator flap extending over the entire section parallel to the partition 34 of the hopper 33, is pivotally mounted around a shaft 40, so that when this flap occupies one of its extreme positions, that shown on the left in FIG. 10, it closes the second feed hopper 36 , while it closes the first feed hopper 35 when it occupies the other extreme position, indicated on the right on

Figure 10.

  In this way, the simple folding of the

  separator flap 39 makes it possible to execute the four values

  However, it is also possible to immobilize the separator flap 39 at a desired position.

  intermediate between the two extreme positions

  10, for example so that only 20 to 30% of the grapes are de-stemmed, thus brought to the first feed hopper 35, while the remaining part passes through the machine, passing through the second feed hopper. 36, without being de-stemmed. At the exit of the machine or in the region of the unrepresented crushing rolls, it is thus possible to obtain a corresponding mixture of unseeded grapes.

  and berries, a mixture that is frequently desired.

  For the description to be complete, it is

  it should also be noted that other plate deflectors, 41 to 43, are provided, of course, as can be seen in FIGS. 8 and 10, in order to complete the loading hopper, the feed hoppers and the path traveled by the bays, so that the entire product arrives exclusively at the opening 31 at the bottom

of the machine frame.

  FIG. 10 also shows, in combination with FIG. 7, at 44, 45 and 46, different straight sections of walls and openings situated one behind

  the other inside the frame 30 of the machine.

  As can be seen in Figures 7 to 9, the flap 39 is provided with perforations 48 or is made as a corresponding grid so that, through these perforations, the mass of grapes can be freed from the juice, in particular before it does not penetrate through the first feed hopper 35 in the destacking cylinder. The perforations may have a variable size, as can be seen in the drawing, preferably a size which decreases in the direction of advance of the product. In order to ensure an adequate separation of the juice and grapes, the grapes thus arrive in a state that is as dry as possible in the de-stemming cylinder. The partition 34 may also be provided with such perforations, which is not shown on FIG.

  drawing, to contribute to this separation effect.

  As already mentioned, the flap 39 is attached to a shaft 40 which is itself pivotally mounted in the

  The control of this shaft and consequently the adjustment of the inclination of the separator flap 39 may be

  can be done manually or with the help of a motor. Such control possibilities are known and do not require

  therefore not a representation or a detailed description

EEA.

Claims (4)

  1 d Staple remover or destemmer   comprising a machine frame (30), a seed cylinder   page (2) rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis in the machine frame and having open ends,   an end opening forming the intake opening   of the grapes and the other end opening forming the outlet opening (32) of the stalked stalks, possibly crushing rollers (12) arranged under the de-stemming cylinder, parallel thereto, which can be in or out of action, for crushing berries leaving the de-stemming cylinder through its de-stemming holes, the crushing rollers being followed, at the bottom, by an opening (31) of the frame for the discharge stepped or unstressed berries, as well as a spindle shaft (3) rotatably mounted in the machine frame, substantially concentrically within the de-stemming cylinder, the de-stemming cylinder and the spike shaft being being rotated, in the same or opposite direction, with formation of a differential speed, the spindle shaft rotating faster than the destacking cylinder and finally an acceleration screw (5) disposed in upstream of the spiked tree proper on this shaft, as well as a hopper (33) for loading reasons, loading hopper which precedes the intake opening of the destacking cylinder in the frame of the machine and   in the lower end of which the access screw   leration protrudes by the essential part of its length, characterized in that the loading hopper (33) is divided over part of its height by a partition (34) substantially vertical and parallel to the axis of the de-stemming cylinder and of the spike shaft, so that a first feed hopper (35) for the throttle screw is formed on one side of the partition and a second feed hopper (34) for the rollers for crushing or the opening (31) of the frame disposed under the de-stemming cylinder, is formed on the other side of the partition, at least the wall (38) of the second feed hopper (36) connected at the end of the partition (34) remote from the de-stemming cylinder, is made to extend obliquely downward towards the opening (31) of the frame, and a separating flap (39) sheet metal is pivoted and adjustable 1 O inclined between two extreme positions around a ho axis ricefront (40) parallel to the destacking cylinder in the region of the upper edge of the partition (34), so that at each of the extreme positions, the flap closes at the top, the first feed hopper   (35), the second feed hopper (36).   Staple according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that the separator flap (39) is provided with perforations (48) or is in the form of a grid.   Steamer according to claim 2, characterized   in that the size of the perforations (48) decreases towards the outlet openings of the feed hoppers (35, 36) or towards the portion of the   frame (30) of the machine containing the seed cylinder page.   Destemmer according to claim 1, characterized   in that the partition (34) is provided with perforation tions.   S Staple according to claim 1, characterized   characterized in that the separator flap (39) is adjustable in inclination by the control by means of a motor of a   shaft (40) containing the pivot axis of the flap.