FR2646846A1 - GRANULATED ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a granulated organomineral fertilizer containing organic and inorganic components. According to the invention, it contains the components in the following proportions, in% by weight: - peat 32.0 to 40.0; - vitamin protein mass 33.0 to 50.0; - mineral components 17.0 to 26.0; - microelements in the form of salts of B, Mo or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (salts of oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid) 0.1 to 1.1. These components are mixed, granulated and the mixture dried until the desired product is obtained. The invention is used in particular in agriculture.

Description

The present invention relates to the production of

  grapes and more specifically granular organomineral fertilizers that can be used in agriculture and in

individual vegetable gardens.

  In agriculture, both in the USSR and abroad, extensive use is made of complex mineral fertilizers containing the main nutrients (A.A. Brodsky and others "Phosphate and Complex Fertilizer Technology",

  1987, Khimia (Moscow), pages 190-198, 212-215, 236-251).

  However, these fertilizers do not improve the structure

  soil and do not increase the humus content.

  The organomineral fertilizers manufactured abroad contain, as main organic component, either

  only peat, residues from

  ration, either of the dung, or of the mud.

  The main disadvantage of these fertilizers is the inconsistency of the composition of the organic component and thus the impossibility of obtaining fertilizers with a defined ratio of components, required for various soils

and various plants.

  Granular organomineral fertilizer is known to

  holding inorganic and organic components (SU, A, 836005), which is manufactured by mixing the components and by granulation

  from the mixture until the desired product is obtained.

  As an organic component, this fertilizer contains ammonium peat and, in addition, a sewage depot with the following ratio of components, in weight percentage: - ammonium peat 10 to 20 - wastewater deposit 30 to 40

  - mineral components complement to 100.

  This fertilizer has a disadvantage

  in the instability of the quantity of proteins,

  amines, enzymes and the irregularity of the ratio of the micro-elements it contains, by the fact that this fertilizer

  contains, in its composition, a depot of wastewater.

  The basic problem of the invention is to obtain, by substituting and introducing a component

  additional, by a simple technological scheme, a

  Effective organomineral fat having an adjustable ratio of its main elements, N, P, K, its microelements and its organic components. The problem is solved by the fact that a fertilizer

  organomineral composition comprising organic and inorganic components.

  according to the invention contains, as an organic component,

  peat and a vitaminic protein mass, as well as microelements in the form of salts of B, Mo or

  chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn or Co (salts of oxyethylidene-

  diphosphonic acid) at the following proportions of the components, by weight percentage: - peat 32.0 to 40.0 - vitaminic protein mass 33.0 to 50.0 mineral components 17.0 to 26.0 - microelements in the form of salts of B, Mo or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co

(salts of oxyethyl

dienephosphonic) 0.1 to 1.1.

  In this process for obtaining an organic fertilizer

  granulated mineral according to the invention, the aforementioned components are mixed with a humidity of 45 to 55% with

  then granulating and drying the mixture at a temperature of

  from 20 to 450C until the desired product is obtained.

  The proposed invention makes it possible to obtain, according to a

  simple technological scheme, a fine organomineral fertilizer

  efficient nulé in an adjustable ratio of its main

  elements (N, P, K), its microelements and its components.

organic health.

  This fertilizer can be applied to any soil, for all horticultural, vegetable and decorative crops. The systematic application of the proposed fertilizer increases the humus content of the soil, stimulates the activity of micro-organisms in the soil, improves its water regime

and aeration.

  The permanent use of the fertilizer improves the

  tasting qualities of fruit and vegetables, while increasing

  their vitamin and sugar content. In addition, the frost resistance and general resistance of plants against diseases and pests

fields increase.

  The effect resulting from the use of the fertilizer

  posited is revealed in a few years.

  the chelates of the microelements, which form part of the composition of the fertilizer according to the invention, are obtained on the basis of oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid and salts of microelements of Mn, Cu, Zn or Co. The vitaminic protein mass , included in the composition of the fertilizer according to the invention, contains proteins, amino acids, vitamins of group B,

micro-elements.

  The mineral components of the fertilizer according to the invention

  contain at least 5% by weight of N, at least 5% by weight of P205, at least 5% by weight of K20, at most 1 to 1.5% by weight of MgO, at most 10% by weight of water, as well as micro-elements such as Mn, Cu, B, Zn, Mo, Co, at a required ratio depending on the composition of the fertilizer and the conditions of application (soil, crop, region etc .. .). The organic substances of the peat contribute to the transfer of microelements in an easily soluble form and therefore, when the content of this one

  in the proposed fertilizer is less than 32%, the concentration

  assimilable forms of the fertilizer and therefore

its effectiveness, decrease.

  Has a peat content in the proposed fertilizer that

  is greater than 40%, the organic substances of the

  be break down the chelates of the micro-elements contained

in the ground.

  At a vitaminic vitamin content of the vitamin

  The proposed concentration, which is less than 33%, reduces the concentration of biologically valuable components (organic nitrogen, proteins, vitamins, etc.), thereby reducing the effectiveness of the fertilizer in its use. When the vitamin content of the proposed fertilizer exceeds 50%, the ratio of its main components is altered, which also reduces

its efficiency.

  Overdose of chelates of microelements beyond

  above 1.1% may give rise to a toxic excess on plants, but when their content is less than 0.1%,

  the efficiency of the fertilizer is reduced.

  An excess of mineral components greater than 26% alters the state of the proposed fertilizer-treated soil, while

  that a mineral component content of less than 17%

  the yield of the fertilizer, which necessitates

Mute the doses.

  The granular organomineral fertilizer according to the invention

is obtained in the following manner.

  Peat is mixed with a vitreous protein mass

  mineral components with N, P, K and Mg content, eg ammonium phosphates, KNO3, K2SO4,

  MgSO4, ureas,! And add chelates from the microorganisms

  elements. The mixture obtained is moistened to 45 to 55% and, at a temperature of 20 to 45 C, it is granulated and dried.

  until the product concerned is obtained.

  A fertilizer in black granules having dimensions of between 1 and 4 mm and a hardness of 0.77 to

1.47 MPa.

  Even though the process of granulation and drying

  is conducted at a temperature below 20 C and at a temperature of

  micidity of the mixture lower than 45%, there is a reduction in the hardness and yield fraction of the granules to dimensions of 1 to 4 mm, while the amount

finer granules increase.

  A temperature above 45 C and humidity

  above 55% also reduce the fractional yield.

  granules with a size of 1 to 4 mm because of

the formation of larger granules.

  To have a more complete notion of the present invention, reference may be made to the following nonlimiting examples of compositions of granular organomineral fertilizer

offers.

Example 1

  Granular organomineral fertilizer containing the compounds

  following ingredients, in the indicated proportions by weight: - peat at 50% moisture 32.0 - vitaminic protein mass 50.0 - inorganic components with N, P, K content 17.0 - microelements in the form of salts of B, Mo or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (salts of the acid

oxethylidenediphosphonic) 1.0.

  By mixing the indicated components

  above with, then, wetting up to 45, granulum

  drying and drying at a temperature of 200C, until the

  the finished product, a black granular fertilizer

for dimensions 1 to 4 mm.

  The hardness of these granules is from 1.27 to 1.47 MPa.

  The fertilizer obtained according to the invention has been subjected to

agrochemical tests.

Example 2

  Organdmineral granulated fertilizer containing the compounds

  the following proportions, in% by weight: - 40% moisture peat 40.0 - 33.0 vitamin mass - mineral components with N, P, K, Mg content 26.0 - microelements in the form of salts of B, Mo, or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (salts of the acid

oxethylidenediphosphonic) 1.0.

  The desired product is obtained in a manner analogous to Example 1, wetting the mixture up to 55%, and then

  granulating and drying at 45 C.

  Agrochemical tests of the fertilizer according to the

  The results of these tests are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3 which follow.

Example 3

  Granular organomineral fertilizer containing the compounds

  the following proportions, in% by weight: - peat with a moisture content of 45% 35,9 - vitaminic protein mass 41,0 - inorganic compounds with N, P, K content, Mg 22,0 - micro-elements with the form of salts of B, Mo or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (Salts of

oxyethylidenediphosphoric acid

1.1.

  The desired product is obtained as in Example 1, by wetting the mixture to 50%, then granulating and

by drying at 30 C.

  Agrochemical tests of the fertilizer according to the

  are carried out as in example 1 and the results

  tests are shown in the tables given below.

Example 4

  Granular organomineral fertilizer containing the compounds

  in the following proportions, in% by weight: - peat with a moisture content of 43% 36,0 - vitaminic protein mass 40,9 - inorganic components with N, P, K, Mg content 23,0 - micro-nutrients the form of salts of B, Mo or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (salts of

oxyethylidenediphosphoric acid

nique) 0.1.

  The product is obtained as in Example 1, in

  mixing up to 52% and then granulating and

drying at 35 C.

  Agrochemical tests of the fertilizer according to the

  are carried out as in Example 1. The results of the

  The tests are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3 below.

TABLE 1

  Yield of tomatoes on grassy podsolic soils Average yield Yield of fertilizer test, k / l 2 Increase in harvest,%

  gg / m2 1- --------______ to_L ---- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---- --- --- --- - - -

  Ig / m g / m 2l 1st test in non-test with test year peat fertilizer i N, P, K g I g

Without fertilizer '- 26,2 21,4 - -

Peat 200 30.1 26.0 14.9 / 21.5 -

  N, P, K (1: 1: 1) 130 (100% of 33.0 27.4 26.0 / 28.0 9.6 / 5.4 g Inutrients)

Fertilizer of Example 1 1 -

  (field trial 1) i100 39.4 34.6 50.4 / 61.7 30.9 / 33.1l 19.7 / 26.3 Idem (field test Z200 41.8 40.6 59.5 / 89.7 38.9 / 56.2 29.7 / 51.8 Fertilizer of Example 2 (field trial 1) 100 39.7 35.8 51.5 / 67.3 31.9 / 37, 7 20, 3 / 30.7 Idem (field test 2) i 200 42.6 41.9 62.6 / 95.8 41.5 / 61.2 32, 1 / 56.6 II II i I

_ _ _ ... _ _ _ _ _ _ __I_ I_ _ _ _ I

  the fraction means the increase to the 2nd year after the application of fertilizers

T A B L E A U 2

  Yield in wheat on grassy podsolic soils Average yield, * Test conditions fertilizer, kg / 10 m2Increase in harvest,%

  0g / m 2 --------- T ----------- ---------- ---------- ----- ---- 7 -------- -------- ---------

  g / m 2 1st to 2nd 2nd in test without test with in test with year year fertilizer of peat N, P, K I e I @ I | I

Without fertilizer - 2,8 2,5 - - -

Peat 200 3,4 3,0 21,4 / 20,0 - -

  N, P, K (1: 1: 1) 130 (100% nutrients) 3.9 3.7 39.3 / 48.0 14.7 / 23.3 Fertilizer of Example 3 (field trial) 1) I 100 4.1 4.0 46.4 / 60.0 1 20.6 / 33.3 5.1 / 8.1 Idem (field test 9I 200 4.2 I 4.1 50.0 / 64.0 23, 5 / 36.7 7.7.10.8 Ditto (field trial 0i 100 4.1 4.1 46.4 / 64.0 20.6 / 36.7 5.1 / 10, 8 Same (field test) È | 200 4.3 4.2 53.6 / 68.0 26.5 / 40.0 10.3 / 13, 5 Same (field test I 100 4.0 4.0 42 , 8 / 60.0 20.6 / 33.3 2.6 / 8.1 Idem (field test IQ 200 I 4.2 4.2 50.0 / 68.0 23.5 / 40.0 7, 7 / 13.5

I è I I0 * I

  the fraction means the increase to the 2nd year after

the application of fertilizers.

Co oo oe O.

TABLE 3

  Cucumber yield on grassy podsolic soils Average yield, * Test conditions, Increase in crop% kg / 10 m2 g / m2 k 1st 2nd in test without test with test with year I year peat fertilizer N, P, K Without fertilizer l- 17.9 114, 2 -II Peat 200 i18.8 i 16.1 5.0 / 13.4 N, P, K (1: 1: 1) 130 (100%) nutrients) '21, 5 18.6 20.1 / 31.0 14.4 / 15.5 C Fertilizer of Example 4: III (field trial 1) 100 25.9 24.6 44.7 / 73.2 37.8 / 52.8 20, 5 / 32.3 Same (field trial 2) I200 27.6 27.3 54.2 / 92.3 46.8 / 69.6 28.4 / 46 , 8 Same (field trial 3) 1100 25.8 24.1 44.1 / 69.7 37.2 / 49.7 26.0 / 29.6 Same (field test 4) 1200 27.1 26, 8 51.4 / 88.7 44.1 / 66.5 26.0 / 44.1 Same (field trial 5) 1100 26.4 25.8 47.5 / 81.7 40.4 / 60.2 28,8 / 38,7 Same (field test 6) 1200 I 281 I 27.8 57.0 / 95.8 49.5 / 72.7 30.7 / 49.5 the fraction means the increase to the 2nd year after

the application of fertilizers.

G 'Go co CD it

R E V E ND I C A T I ONS

  1. Granular organomineral fertilizer containing organic and inorganic components characterized in that, as an organic component, it contains peat and a vitaminic protein mass and it also comprises microelements in the form of salts of B, Mo or

  chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (salts of oxyethylidene-

  diphosphonic acid), in the following proportions of the components, in% by weight: - peat 32.0 to 40.0: 110 - vitaminic protein mass 33.0 to 50.0 mineral components 17.0 to 26.0 - micronutrients the form of salts of B, Mo or chelates of Mn, Cu, Zn, Co (salts of the acid

  oxyethylidenediphosphonic acid) 0.1 to 1.1.

  2. Method of manufacturing the fertilizer according to

  claim 1, characterized in that the compounds

  Positives according to claim 1, the mixture is moistened to 45 to 55% and then granulated and dried at a temperature of 20 to 45 C until the desired product is obtained.