NO125231B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO125231B NO125231B NO2651/70A NO265170A NO125231B NO 125231 B NO125231 B NO 125231B NO 2651/70 A NO2651/70 A NO 2651/70A NO 265170 A NO265170 A NO 265170A NO 125231 B NO125231 B NO 125231B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- peat
- weight
- percent
- subjected
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av gjødnings jord. Procedure for producing fertilizing soil.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av gjødningsjord. The present invention relates to a method for producing fertilizing soil.
Oppfinnelsen kjennetegnes ved at forråtnelsesslam med et tørr-stoffinnhold på 10 - 90 vektprosent enten blandes med et sandjordmateriale og eventuelt torvmateriale eller med hardpakket morenegrus og/eller et leirmateriale, hvoretter den oppnådde blanding underkastes pressing. The invention is characterized by the fact that rotting sludge with a dry matter content of 10 - 90 percent by weight is either mixed with a sandy soil material and possibly peat material or with hard-packed moraine gravel and/or a clay material, after which the resulting mixture is subjected to pressing.
Oppfinnelsen er således basert på anvendelse av såkalte forråtnelsesslam, hvilket produkt som bekjent oppnåes fra renseanlegg for avløpsvann i form av en 3 - 90 % suspensjon av organisk og uorganisk stoff i vann fra forråtnelseskamrene. Det er funnet at dette forråtnelsesslam kan nyttiggjøres for fremstilling av gjødningsjord hvis det avvannes til et tørrstoffinnhold på 10 - 90 vektprosent og deretter blandes med sandjordmaterialet. Fremstillingen gjennomføres i to trinn, hvorved formålet med det første trinnet er å tilveiebringe en forblanding i hvilken utgangsmaterialet foreligger i de beregnede pro-porsjoner, og formålet med det andre trinnet er å homogenisere den i det første trinn dannede,forblanding slik at den omdannes til et produkt i hvilket sandkornene er omgitt av organisk stoff. Som nevnt ovenfor tilveiebringes denne virkning ved at forblandingen underkastes pressing hvorved det har vist seg at tørrstoffmaterialet til tross for at det er hydrofobt, kommer i intim- berøring med det hydrofile sand-materialet. En forutsetning for dette synes å være at forråtnelsesslammet har et tørrstoffinnhold innen de angitte grenser og at den dannede forblanding underkastes en presseoperasjon, som hensiktsmessig omfatter en rekke presseoperasjoner med suksessivt økende trykk i lik-het med det som er tilfelle ved valsing. The invention is thus based on the use of so-called putrefaction sludge, which product is known to be obtained from wastewater treatment plants in the form of a 3-90% suspension of organic and inorganic matter in water from the putrefaction chambers. It has been found that this decomposition sludge can be used for the production of fertilizing soil if it is dewatered to a dry matter content of 10 - 90 percent by weight and then mixed with the sandy soil material. The production is carried out in two steps, whereby the purpose of the first step is to provide a premix in which the starting material is present in the calculated proportions, and the purpose of the second step is to homogenize the premix formed in the first step so that it is converted into a product in which the sand grains are surrounded by organic matter. As mentioned above, this effect is achieved by subjecting the premix to pressing, whereby it has been shown that the dry matter material, despite being hydrophobic, comes into intimate contact with the hydrophilic sand material. A prerequisite for this seems to be that the decomposition sludge has a dry matter content within the specified limits and that the premix formed is subjected to a press operation, which appropriately includes a series of press operations with successively increasing pressure, similar to what is the case with rolling.
Fra dansk patent nr. 570 93 er det kjent en fremgangsmåte hvorved havslam blandes med finkornet materiale slik som sand, Videre er det fra US patent nr. 2 801 912 kjent en fremgangsmåte hvorved aktivt slam pumpes ut på et sandlag, hvoretter vann gis anledning til å renne av slik at det dannes en gelaktig masse som skummes og innleires i sand. Det som kan sies å være felles ved den kjente teknikk og foreliggende oppfinnelse er å fremstille gjødningsjord fra slam ved blanding med finkornede materialer. Ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse blir det som nevnt som utgangsmateriale benyttet forråtnelsesslam med et From Danish patent no. 570 93, a method is known by which sea mud is mixed with fine-grained material such as sand. Furthermore, from US patent no. 2,801,912, a method is known by which activated sludge is pumped out onto a layer of sand, after which water is allowed to to run off so that a gel-like mass is formed which is foamed and embedded in sand. What can be said to be common to the known technique and the present invention is to produce fertilizing soil from sludge by mixing with fine-grained materials. According to the present invention, as mentioned, decomposition sludge with a
. tørrstoffinnhold på 10 - 90 vektprosent mens slammet i de ovenfor nevnte patenter utgjøres av havslam henholdsvis aktivt slam. Bare å blande forråtnelsesslam med sand eller lignende materiale leder imidlertid ikke til noe homogent produkt, men leder til at man får material-klumper av materialene hver for seg hvilket har vært problemet ved for-søk på å'nyttegjøre forråtnelsesslam for fremstilling av gjødningsjord. Forråtnelsesslammet er nemlig hydrofobt mens sand er et hydrofilt . dry matter content of 10 - 90 percent by weight, while the sludge in the above-mentioned patents consists of marine sludge or activated sludge. Simply mixing decomposition sludge with sand or similar material does not, however, lead to any homogeneous product, but leads to material clumps of the materials separately, which has been the problem in attempts to use decomposition sludge for the production of fertilizing soil. The decomposition sludge is hydrophobic, while sand is hydrophilic
materiale. Som et vesentlig element i foreliggende fremgangsmåte inn-går imidlertid at man underkaster blandingen en pressningsoperasjon hvorved det oppnåes et homogent produkt. Vesentlig for et godt resul-tat er det at forråtnelsesslammet har et tørrstoffinnhold innen de angitte grenser. Dessuten er det av betydning at materialet er uensartet gradert. Videre utgjøres pressingsoperasjonen hensiktsmessig av en serie pressinger med suksessivt økende trykk. material. As an essential element in the present method, however, the mixture is subjected to a pressing operation whereby a homogeneous product is obtained. It is essential for a good result that the decomposition sludge has a dry matter content within the specified limits. It is also important that the material is unevenly graded. Furthermore, the pressing operation is suitably constituted by a series of pressings with successively increasing pressure.
Som sandjordmateriale kan det ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte anvendes mange forskjellige typer av uorganisk natur inneholdende ingen eller fortrinnsvis mindre mengder organisk stoff. Det er vesentlig at materialet er uensartet gradert. Det kan således inneholde kornstørr-elser på mellom 0 og 20 mm, fortrinnsvis mellom 0.5 og 8 mm. Vanligvis bør materialet ha en spesifikk vekt på 1000 - 2500 kg/m^. Slike forskjellige typer av sandmateriale som fin sand, vanlig sand og grus kan benyttes. As sandy soil material, the present method can use many different types of inorganic nature containing no or preferably smaller amounts of organic matter. It is essential that the material is unevenly graded. It can thus contain grain sizes of between 0 and 20 mm, preferably between 0.5 and 8 mm. Generally, the material should have a specific weight of 1000 - 2500 kg/m^. Such different types of sand material as fine sand, ordinary sand and gravel can be used.
Den pressing som forblandingen utsettes for, er særlig viktig fordi den gjør at blandingen mellom forråtnelsesslammet og sandmateri-alet blir fullstendig homogen. Pressingen kan f.eks. utføres i en anordning hvori forblandingen bringes til å passere inn i en konisk ringformet spalte, hvor den suksessivt presses sammen samtidig som den utsettes for slagvirkning, som leder til at grovere sandkorn knuses ned til mindre størrelser, hvilke presses inn i den flytende fasen av forråtnelsesslam med relativt høyt tørrstoffinnhold. The pressing to which the premix is subjected is particularly important because it makes the mixture between the rotting sludge and the sand material completely homogeneous. The pressing can e.g. is carried out in a device in which the premix is made to pass into a conical annular slot, where it is successively compressed while being subjected to impact action, which leads to the crushing of coarser sand grains into smaller sizes, which are pressed into the liquid phase of decomposition sludge with a relatively high solids content.
Etter pressingen kan forblandingen hensiktsmessig underkastes ekspansjon hvoretter den får falle fritt mot et underlag, fortrinnsvis bestående av allerede behandlet materiale, og blir da oppdelt i et meget løst og som gjødningsprodukt egnet produkt, som med enkle midler kan utspredes på marken eller andre overflater, f.eks. i forbindelse med anlegging av gressmatter. After pressing, the premix can be appropriately subjected to expansion, after which it is allowed to fall freely onto a substrate, preferably consisting of already treated material, and is then divided into a very loose product suitable as a fertilizer, which can be spread on the ground or other surfaces with simple means, e.g. .ex. in connection with the laying of grass mats.
En meget stor fordel med produktet er at det på grunn av ut-gangsmaterialets karakter er fri for ugressfrø slik at man kan se bort fra senere arbeide i den hensikt å fjerne ugress. Det har også vist seg at en gressmatte som er dannet på en overflate av gjødningsjorden ifølge oppfinnelsen, tåler slitasje i overraskende stor utstrekning. Dette kommer av at gressets røtter ordner seg slik i jordlagets overflate at denne blir armert med røttene på en særlig effektiv måte. A very big advantage of the product is that, due to the nature of the starting material, it is free of weed seeds, so that you can disregard later work with the aim of removing weeds. It has also been shown that a grass mat formed on a surface of the fertilizing soil according to the invention withstands wear and tear to a surprisingly large extent. This is because the grass's roots arrange themselves in such a way in the soil layer's surface that it is reinforced with the roots in a particularly effective way.
Gjødningsjordens vanntilbakeholdende evne har vist seg å være meget stor. The water-retaining capacity of the fertilizing soil has been shown to be very high.
Egenskapene til den fremstilte gjødningsjorden modifiseres ved at forråtnelsesslammet foruten med sandjordmaterialet også blandes med torv. Som torv kan man benytte forskjellige produkter som er til-gjengelige i naturen, f.eks. såkalt torvstrø. Derved oppnåes en gjød-nings jord som består av en blanding som inneholder forråtnelsesslam med et tørrstoffinnhold på 10 - 90 vektprosent, et sandjordmateriale og et torvmateriale. The properties of the manufactured fertilizing soil are modified by mixing the rotting sludge with the sandy soil material as well as with peat. As peat, you can use different products that are available in nature, e.g. so-called peat litter. Thereby, a fertilizing soil is obtained which consists of a mixture containing rotting sludge with a dry matter content of 10 - 90 percent by weight, a sandy soil material and a peat material.
Ifølge en utførelsesform av den ovenfor angitte fremgangsmåte kan man velge mengden av torvmateriale slik at innholdet av torvmaterialet i den tilveiebragte blanding blir 5-80 vektprosent", og fortrinnsvis 10 - 40 vektprosent. According to an embodiment of the above-mentioned method, the quantity of peat material can be chosen so that the content of the peat material in the provided mixture is 5-80 percent by weight, and preferably 10-40 percent by weight.
Den fremstilte blanding kan med fordel gis et innhold av nitrogen-, kalium- og/eller fosforholdig gjødningsmiddel. Herved er det mulig å variere innholdet av gjødningsmidlet innen vide grenser. Således kan det sammenlagte innhold av gjødningsmiddel være 1 - 50 vektprosent, fortrinnsvis 1 - 30 vektprosent. The prepared mixture can advantageously be given a content of nitrogen-, potassium- and/or phosphorus-containing fertiliser. This makes it possible to vary the content of the fertilizer within wide limits. Thus, the combined content of fertilizer can be 1 - 50 percent by weight, preferably 1 - 30 percent by weight.
Ifølge en ytterligere utførelse av oppfinnelsen blandes forråtnelsesslammet og torvmaterialet og den oppnådde blanding lagres før eller etter innblanding av sandjordmaterialet til det er oppnådd likevekt mellom torvmateriale og forråtnelsesslam, hvoretter pressing fore-tas. En slik likevekt med hensyn til vann er fordelaktig ved materi-alets pressing. Lagringen av blandingen av forråtnelsesslam og torv kan foregå i lang tid. Vanligvis foretrekkes minst 1 time for at det overhode skal oppnåes resultater. Det er imidlertid ingenting i veien for at lagringen kan strekke seg over såpass lang tid som 6 måneder. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the rotting sludge and the peat material are mixed and the resulting mixture is stored before or after mixing in the sandy soil material until equilibrium is achieved between the peat material and the rotting sludge, after which pressing is carried out. Such an equilibrium with regard to water is advantageous when the material is pressed. The storage of the mixture of rotting sludge and peat can take place for a long time. Usually at least 1 hour is preferred for any results to be achieved. However, there is nothing to prevent the storage extending over as long as 6 months.
Det har vist seg fordelaktig å tilføre blandingen ulesket kalk i det formål å tilveiebringe en nedbrytning av parasitter og andre effekter. It has proved advantageous to add slaked lime to the mixture for the purpose of providing a breakdown of parasites and other effects.
Den fremstilte gjødningsjord kan videre gis et innhold av fin-delt husholdningssøppel hvorved innholdet kan varieres mellom 2 og 80 vektprosent basert på hele sammensetningens vekt. Siktanalysen for husholdningssøppel kan ligge mellom 0 og 90 mm. The prepared fertilizing soil can also be given a content of finely divided household waste whereby the content can be varied between 2 and 80 percent by weight based on the weight of the entire composition. The sieve analysis for household waste can be between 0 and 90 mm.
Gjødningsjorden kan også gis et innhold av ekskrementer, hvorved dette befinner seg i blanding med torv. Det sammenlagte innhold av ekskrementer og torv kan variere mellom 2 og 60 %, The fertilizing soil can also be given a content of excrement, whereby this is mixed with peat. The combined content of excrement and peat can vary between 2 and 60%,
Oppfinnelsen skal illustreres ved hjelp av følgende eksempler. The invention shall be illustrated by means of the following examples.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
Forråtnelsesslam med et tørrstoffinnhold på ca. 10 % s ble av-vannet til et innhold av 25 % tørrstoff, 100 kg av det således av-vannede forråtnelsesslammet, ble blandet med 100 kg sand med spesifikk vekt 1.4 og med en siktanalyse på 0 - 6 mm til en forblanding. Denne ble deretter behandlet i en maskin hvori den ble utsatt for en rekke hurtige pressoperasjoner. Det således behandlede produkt ble løftet opp for fritt fall og sluttelig lagret. Decay sludge with a solids content of approx. 10% s was dewatered to a content of 25% dry matter, 100 kg of the thus dewatered decomposition sludge was mixed with 100 kg of sand with a specific gravity of 1.4 and with a sieve analysis of 0 - 6 mm to form a premix. This was then processed in a machine where it was subjected to a series of rapid pressing operations. The thus treated product was lifted up for free fall and finally stored.
Produktet utgjorde en utmerket gjødningsjord for anlegging av gressmatter. Etter utspredning hadde materialet en meget høy slitestyrke, og overflatesjiktet ble etter såing med gressfrø meget godt armert med gressrøtter. The product made an excellent fertilizing soil for laying grass mats. After spreading, the material had a very high abrasion resistance, and the surface layer, after sowing with grass seed, was very well reinforced with grass roots.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Forråtnelsesslam med et tørrstoffinnhold på ca. 10 %, ble av-vannet til et innhold på 30 % tørrstoff. 35 kg av det således av-vannede forråtnelsesslam ble blandet med 35 kg av et leirmateriale (fraksjon 0-2 mm), 28 kg torvstrø og 2 kg gjødningsmiddel inneholdende hydrogen, fosfor og kalium samt kalsium og magnesium i form av forbindelser, til en forblanding. Denne ble deretter lagret i 2 måneder og behandlet i en maskin hvori den ble utsatt for en rekke hurtige pressoperasjoner. Det således oppnådde produkt utgjorde en utmerket gjødningsjord for anlegging av gressmatter. Forbedrede resultater ble oppnådd når produktet etter pressing ble løftet opp for fritt fall og deretter lagret i noen tid. Decay sludge with a solids content of approx. 10%, was dewatered to a content of 30% dry matter. 35 kg of the thus dewatered decomposition sludge was mixed with 35 kg of a clay material (fraction 0-2 mm), 28 kg of peat litter and 2 kg of fertilizer containing hydrogen, phosphorus and potassium as well as calcium and magnesium in the form of compounds, to form a premix . This was then stored for 2 months and processed in a machine where it was subjected to a series of rapid pressing operations. The product thus obtained constituted an excellent fertilizing soil for laying grass mats. Improved results were obtained when the product after pressing was lifted up for free fall and then stored for some time.
De oppnådde produkter hadde begge høy slitestyrke og overflatesjiktet ble etter såing med gressfrø meget vel armert med gress-røtter. The products obtained both had high wear resistance and the surface layer was very well reinforced with grass roots after sowing with grass seed.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE09638/69A SE333747B (en) | 1969-07-08 | 1969-07-08 | |
SE17858/69A SE340628B (en) | 1969-12-23 | 1969-12-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO125231B true NO125231B (en) | 1972-08-07 |
Family
ID=26654910
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO2651/70A NO125231B (en) | 1969-07-08 | 1970-07-06 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5413369B1 (en) |
BE (1) | BE753166A (en) |
CH (1) | CH550749A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2033508A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK133143C (en) |
FI (1) | FI51338C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2054281A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1284155A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7010080A (en) |
NO (1) | NO125231B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3424612A1 (en) * | 1984-03-30 | 1986-01-16 | Columbus Neunkirchen Foundry GmbH, 6680 Neunkirchen | MEANS FOR BUILDING UP AND IMPROVING THE EXCHANGE OF CATIONS IN THE GROUND BY BIOLOGICAL FERMENTATION |
DE3542647A1 (en) * | 1985-12-03 | 1986-08-21 | Manfred 7750 Konstanz Hoff | A process to prepare a full-value humus in the course of one year by conversion from sewage sludges, even in the case of lacking acceptance and mineral soil by addition of topsoil |
GB2231327A (en) * | 1989-05-04 | 1990-11-14 | Boris Fedorovich Fedjushkin | Organomineral granulated fertilizer |
DE4415262A1 (en) * | 1994-04-30 | 1995-11-02 | Melanie Boenisch | Multi-nutrient fertiliser |
AT404135B (en) * | 1997-01-13 | 1998-08-25 | Howorka Franz | METHOD FOR PRODUCING FLOWER EARTH |
GB0916325D0 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2009-10-28 | Green Tech Ltd | A synthetic soil product |
CN106995357A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-08-01 | 芜湖欧标农业发展有限公司 | Special tonic nutrient fertilizer of red autumnal leaves black laurel and preparation method thereof |
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1970
- 1970-07-06 NO NO2651/70A patent/NO125231B/no unknown
- 1970-07-07 DE DE19702033508 patent/DE2033508A1/en active Granted
- 1970-07-07 FR FR7025182A patent/FR2054281A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-07-07 GB GB32876/70A patent/GB1284155A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-07-07 DK DK352170A patent/DK133143C/en active
- 1970-07-08 BE BE753166D patent/BE753166A/en unknown
- 1970-07-08 FI FI701938A patent/FI51338C/en active
- 1970-07-08 CH CH1036470A patent/CH550749A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-07-08 JP JP5912670A patent/JPS5413369B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-07-08 NL NL7010080A patent/NL7010080A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH550749A (en) | 1974-06-28 |
FI51338C (en) | 1976-12-10 |
FR2054281A5 (en) | 1971-04-16 |
DE2033508C3 (en) | 1975-04-03 |
BE753166A (en) | 1971-01-08 |
NL7010080A (en) | 1971-01-12 |
JPS5413369B1 (en) | 1979-05-30 |
DK133143B (en) | 1976-03-29 |
FI51338B (en) | 1976-08-31 |
GB1284155A (en) | 1972-08-02 |
DK133143C (en) | 1976-08-30 |
DE2033508A1 (en) | 1971-01-21 |
DE2033508B2 (en) | 1974-08-22 |
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