FR2627208A1

FR2627208A1 - Undulating self-supporting roof of building - has folding central ridge beam, rafters and struts to allow for pre-fabrication

Info

Publication number: FR2627208A1
Application number: FR8801845A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1988-02-15
Filing date: 1988-02-15
Publication date: 1989-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2008-02-15
Also published as: FR2627208B1

Abstract

The undulating self-supporting roof for a building, made from thin sheet material and equipped with a traditional ceiling (8), consists of a central ridge beam (2) and rafters (7), outer vertical posts (4) for the edges of the roof, and angled struts (5,6). The rafters can be hinged at a central point, and the struts pivoted to the central beams and outer posts to allow the structure to be prefabricated and assembled in situ. Once erected, the waveform is maintained by the insertion of long bolts (13) through the ridge-section of the roof below the central beam, joined to reinforcing elements (12) on either side. ADVANTAGE - Easier construction and transport.

Description

MEMOIRE DESCRIPTIF
Les couvertures de batiment autoportantes realisees a partir de toles minces
raidies par des cerces et des profiles sont bien connues
Elles comportent une peau superieure realisant l'etancheite en forme d' onde a
concavite dirigee vers le haut ou de dièdres et une peau inferieure en general
parallelea la premiere et realisant le plafond du batiment
Ce plafond peut ou non contribuer a la resistance de la surface superieure
ces couvertures sont en general prefabriquees en usine et leur grand encombrement
rends leur transport couteux
Le present brevet apporte des perfectionnements aux procedes connus tout d' abord
en conservant la forme traditionnelle du plafond plat et horizontal qui peut ou
non contribuer a la resistance et en facilitant le transport sous un encombrement treks
reduit grace a une conception permettant de mettre les ondes en forme au moment
de leur pose
Ce nouveau produit consiste a utiliser des ondes autoportantes dont -un joint sur
deux est decale en hauteur suivant un procede connu et a assurer la stabilite de
forme de ces ondes non plus par des cerces ou entretoises mais par une structure
legere qui est simultanement utilisee pour fixer le plafond
Si le plafond contribue a la resistance il sera de preference realise avec des
toles d' acier nervure et il sera dispose suivant un trace trapezoidal avec une
partie horizontale centrale se relavant aux extremites en direction du profile
superieur de l'onde sur lequel il sera fixe .En raison de l'encombrement de l'onde
superieure le plafond ne pourra pas etre prolonge jusqu' au profil superieur mais
il sera prolonge par une profile de moindre encombrement comme un rond en acier
a haute resistance par exemple
Ce trace trapezoidal permettra de realiser deux appuis intermediaires au droit des
sommets du trapeze
La structure legere qui assure la stabilite de forme sera munie d' articulations
qui permettront de fabriquer l'ensemble couverture plafond et eventuellement
isolant a plat sous un encombrement minimum cette structure assurant le formage des
ondes au moment du levage apres elquel il'suffira de bloquer deux articulations
pour assurer la rigidite
Cette structure legere sera en general suffisante ,cependant lorsque les efforts
deviennent importants par rapport a l'epaisseur des toles cette structure sera fcompletee par des portions de cerces reunies par un tirant entre les ondes
L' axe de ces tirants sera dispose suivant les diagonales des toles de chaque demie
travee c' est en effet suivant ce trace que la courbure de la partie haute de la
tole superieure a tendance a s' inverser
Les dessins joints feront mieux comprendre les avantages de la solution proposee
La figure 1 est une coupe de la structure complete et la fig 2 une vue en elevation de la demie longueur de la structure
Le bepere 1)designe la tole de l'onde qui est raidie par le profile superieur (rep2) appele dans la suite arbaletrier et par le prifil inferieur ( rep 3)
La tole de plafond est representee sous le (rep 8) comme une tole nervuree mais ce plafond lorsqu'il ne contribue pas a la resistance peut etre un materiau traditionnel quelconque qui assure neamoins la rigidite de torsion des ondes
La structure legere de liaison comprends : les potelets (rep4) les bielles (rep 5) les traverses (rep 7 ) et les contrefiches (rep6)
Les bielles ,potelets et contrefiches sont articules a leur deux extremite et de plus la contrefiche est articulee sensiblement au milieu de sa,longueur la traverse est articulee au milieu de sa longueur A titre indicatif les articulations seront aisement realisees si on utilise un tube carre pour les bielles potelets et partie haute de la contrefiche tandis que la partie basse de ces derniere sera realisee par 2 plats jumeles .La traverse comportera 2 fers U reunis par des boulons realisant les articulations en traversant les tubes
A noter qu' en partie haute les bielles seront coupees en angle pour venir s' appuyer contre ' arbaletrier dans leur position finale .on evitera ainsi toute torsion de 1' arbaletrier . La contrefiche sera immobilisee dans sa position finale par un deuxieme boulon tandis que la traverse dont 1' articulation se trouve en partie basse sera fixee par un gousset reunissant les 2 moities en partie haute
Le releve de la tole de pal fond se termine au point de rencontre avec la partie basse de l'onde Elle se prolonge alors avec un rond nervure a haute resistance (rep 9 )
La liaison est representee sur la FIG 3 et en coupe sur la FIG 4
Le rond nervure (rep9) est emprisonne entre 2 plats (rep 10 et 11) eux reunis par des boulons a haute resistance disposes en quinconce de chaque cote du rond
(rep 12 ) Les nervures du rond s'impriment dans la tole (rep8 )et dans le plat superieur ce qui evite tout glissement la FIG 7 represente une elevation de l'onde sur laquelle on a trace en pointille le trace le funiculaire des charges . L'effort de traction qui se developpe suivant ce trace a tendance a inverser la courbure de la tole de 1' onde . Les portions de cerce (rep 12 ) reunis par les tirants (rep 13 ) stabilisent la forme de l'onde
La FIG 5 represente la liaison des toles et de 1' arbaletrier qui comporte un etrier en rond (rep 14 ) coiffe par une agrafe (rep 15 ) qui est refermee a force en deformant la tole (rep 1 )
La FIG 7 represente dans sa partie gauche une onde en position fermee et dans sa partie droite une onde en cours de formage . Il suffit d' abaisser la grue supportant 1' arbaletrier (rep 2) pour provoquer l'ecartement des partie s basses.des traverses dont le mouvement aura ete amorce ? Cette extremie glissera par exemple sur un rail dispose au sol Apres formage on bloquera les articulations comme precise ci dessus DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
Freestanding building covers made from thin sheets
stiffened by hoops and profiles are well known
They have an upper skin providing sealing in the form of a wave
concavity directed upwards or dihedrons and a lower skin in general
parallel to the first and realizing the ceiling of the building
This ceiling may or may not contribute to the resistance of the upper surface
these covers are generally prefabricated in the factory and their large size
make their transport expensive
The present patent brings improvements to the processes known first of all.
retaining the traditional form of the flat, horizontal ceiling which can or
not contribute to the resistance and by facilitating the transport under a congestion treks
reduced thanks to a design allowing the waves to be shaped at the moment
of their pose
This new product consists in using freestanding waves including a joint on
two is offset in height according to a known process and to ensure the stability of
form of these waves no longer by hoops or spacers but by a structure
light which is simultaneously used to fix the ceiling
If the ceiling contributes to the resistance it will preferably be carried out with
steel sheets rib and it will be arranged following a trapezoidal trace with a
central horizontal part extending at the ends towards the profile
higher of the wave on which it will be fixed. Due to the bulk of the wave
the ceiling cannot be extended up to the upper profile but
it will be extended by a smaller profile like a steel circle
high resistance for example
This trapezoidal trace will make it possible to carry out two intermediate supports at the right of the
peaks of trapeze
The light structure which ensures the stability of form will be provided with articulations
which will make it possible to manufacture the ceiling cover assembly and possibly
flat insulator with a minimum footprint this structure ensuring the formation of
waves at the time of lifting after which it will suffice to block two joints
to ensure rigidity
This light structure will generally be sufficient, however when the efforts
become important compared to the thickness of the sheets this structure will be fcomplétée by portions of cerces joined by a tie between the waves
The axis of these tie rods will be arranged along the diagonals of the sheets of each half
travee it is indeed following this trace that the curvature of the upper part of the
upper sheet tends to reverse
The attached drawings will better understand the advantages of the proposed solution
Figure 1 is a section of the complete structure and Fig 2 an elevational view of the half length of the structure
The beper 1) designates the sheet of the wave which is stiffened by the upper profile (rep2) called in the following crossbowman and by the lower profile (rep 3)
The ceiling sheet is represented under the (rep 8) as a ribbed sheet but this ceiling when it does not contribute to the resistance can be any traditional material which ensures the torsional stiffness of the waves
The light connection structure includes: the posts (rep4) the connecting rods (rep 5) the crosspieces (rep 7) and the struts (rep6)
The connecting rods, posts and struts are articulated at their two ends and moreover the strut is articulated substantially in the middle of its, length the cross-member is articulated in the middle of its length. the connecting rods posts and upper part of the strut while the lower part of the latter will be made by 2 twin plates. The cross will include 2 U irons joined by bolts realizing the joints by crossing the tubes
Note that in the upper part the connecting rods will be cut at an angle to come to rest against the crossbowman in their final position. This will avoid any twisting of the crossbowman. The strut will be immobilized in its final position by a second bolt while the crosspiece, the articulation of which is in the lower part, will be fixed by a gusset uniting the 2 halves in the upper part.
The raising of the bottom plate ends at the meeting point with the lower part of the wave. It then extends with a round rib with high resistance (rep 9).
The connection is shown in FIG 3 and in section in FIG 4
The round rib (rep9) is trapped between 2 dishes (rep 10 and 11) joined by high resistance bolts staggered on each side of the round
(rep 12) The ribs of the circle are printed in the sheet (rep8) and in the upper flat which avoids any slippage in FIG 7 represents an elevation of the wave on which we dotted the track the funicular of the loads . The tensile force which develops along this trace tends to reverse the curvature of the sheet of the wave. The hoop portions (rep 12) joined by the tie rods (rep 13) stabilize the shape of the wave
FIG 5 shows the connection of the sheets and the crossbowman who has a round stirrup (rep 14) capped by a staple (rep 15) which is closed by force by deforming the sheet (rep 1)
FIG. 7 represents in its left part a wave in the closed position and in its right part a wave in the course of forming. It is enough to lower the crane supporting the crossbowman (rep 2) to cause the separation of the lower parts. Of the sleepers whose movement will have been started? This end will slide for example on a rail placed on the ground. After forming, the joints will be blocked as specified above.

Claims

CLAIMS CLAIMS

Self-supporting structure intended for covering buildings characterized by the adoption of self-supporting waves (1) associated with a traditional ceiling (8) plane and horizontal whose role can be limited either to ensure the torsional rigidity of the assembly or allow create intermediate supports limiting the free range of freestanding waves These supports consist of posts (4) of connecting rods (5) of sleepers (7) and struts (6). They are installed at the point where the ceiling is raised towards the main supports of the structure

CLAIM 2

Structure according to claim 1 characterized by the use of waves with joints (2) and (3) located at different levels connected to the horizontal crossings (7) articulated in their middle supporting the ceiling by connecting rods (5) articulated upper profile (2) and the cross member (7), posts (4) articulated on the lower tube (3) and the cross member and connected to a strut (6) articulated at its ends and in the middle

CLAIM 3

Structure according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper part of the connecting rods is cut obliquely so that in the final position they come to block on the lower face of the upper tube (2), by blocking the intermediate articulation of the strut by a second bolt and by blocking the articulation of the crosspiece by a gusset after shaping the waves

CLAIM 4

Structure according to claim 2 characterized by the installation of reinforcements (12).

in the shape of a portion of hoops matching the shape of the wave and connected to similar reinforcements of the neighboring wave

CLAIM 5

Structure according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized when the ceiling is supported by a trapezoidal trace of the latter, the ends of which after the last cross member are raised towards the end of the upper tube (2) and extended by a round rib (9) possibly in high resistance steel fixed at the end of the upper tube (2)

CLAIM 6

Structure according to claim 5, characterized by the connection of the round rib (9) and the false ceiling sheet by the tightening of two sheets (10) and (11) against the round and the sheet by means of a high resistance bolt causing the printing of the ribs in the sheet - (8) and the plates CLAIM 7 7 due

J a method of setting up a structure according to the preceding claims characterized by a flat manufacturing of the whole of the structure and by lifting the upper tube (2) with opening primer of the crosspiece (7) then lowering of the assembly for resting the ends of the crosspieces on the ground. Pursuit 1 'Phi; aaPmPn nrovonuant nar the ieu of the joints the formation of the waves