FR2619872A1 - Device for hydraulic remote control of equipment such as exterior rear view mirrors for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The device comprises at least one hydraulic circuit comprising an unlocking transmitter with a chamber of variable volume within reach of the user and connected by pipework to at least one unlocking receiver with a chamber of variable volume 228 which is mounted on the support 213, 210 in a way which develops an opposing pressure to the locking pressure in order to separate the friction surfaces 224, 225 from one another by increasing the volume of the variable volume chamber 228 of the unlocking receiver arising from a decrease in volume of the variable volume chamber of the unlocking transmitter.

Description

 The present invention relates to a remote hydraulic control device of at least one controlled, adjustable and / or lockable member mounted on a supplement, such as a rearview mirror, in particular an exterior mirror for a motor vehicle, which is to be adjusted. orientation from the driver's seat inside the vehicle, the remote hydraulic control device according to the invention being also used to adjust the position of other organs to position by pivoting notar.nent around two perpendicular axes l one to another.

Among the many known embodiments of devices arranged for this purpose, the invention relates more specifically to remote hydraulic corran.de devices of the type comprising
a control member with manual operation, or manipulator, and
at least two, but preferably three, hydraulic positioning circuits, each comprising:
a positioning transmitter, which is a fluid pressure transducer, with a deformable pocket with a flexible wall and containing a hydraulic fluid,
at least one positioner receiver, which is a variable volume chamber fluid pressure receiver, and
at least one connection pipe from the transmitter to each corresponding receiver, said hydraulic circuits being such that the flexible wall pocket of the positioning transmitter of at least one hydraulic circuit is mechanically deformed by manual actuation of the control member, so that the hydraulic fluid that it contains is transferred to at least one of the receivers connected thereto, and the receivers mechanically connect the commando member to its support, in order to modify the position of the control member relative to its support in response to the maneuvers of the control member.

 Such a device is described in the European patent application published under No. 0152 219, and in which have been presented the very important advantages provided by such a device compared to previous achievements of the state of the art, including transmissions by levers, linkage or wheelhouse, transmissions of movements by cables, or electric motors, these advantages being quickly evoked below. The levered constructions although generally of rather simple structure, do not make it possible to control the exterior mirror located from passenger, from the place of the heater, because of a path that is not done in a straight line; the disadvantages of these achievements are therefore related to the presence of elbows, heavy weight of the linkages and friction, which generally make these achievements little progressive.Les achievements comprising three transmission cables movement, are easier to install than the achievements to lever, but they do not allow to control the orientation of the exterior mirror of the passenger side, because, because of these friction, the effective length of the control cables is limited to about 50 cm, and beyond this distance, the control forces increase to a very large extent and make the control device little progressive and very difficult to adjust. Finally, the electric motor devices can control all the exterior mirrors of the vehicle from the driver's seat and regardless of electrical wires between these mirrors and the parts of the board and / or consoles arranged in the cabin and accessible to the driver; however, the major disadvantage of such achievements are the cost of the electric motors and the volume they occupy at the level of the mirrors.

 In the various embodiments of the hydraulic control device which are described in the above-mentioned European patent application, the manually operated control member is always a handle or a manipulator handle which is pivotally or hingedly mounted on the cover of the invention. a housing enclosing the flexible-walled chambers of the positioning emitters.The handle or the manipulator handle is always mechanically connected to at least one rigid member, also mounted inside the housing, so that the pivoting movements given by The user with the joystick or handle is transmitted, with or without reduction in the transmission, to at least one of these rigid bodies i-lands that comes cu come to comprin au oins a pccne dé'or , able to flexible wall of positioning emitters.

 The hydraulic remote control device which is the subject of the above-mentioned European patent application has the disadvantage that the centrifugal assembly and positioning emitters is an expensive assembly, on the one hand because of the large number of parts that constitute it, and secondly because these parts are difficult to assemble. In addition, in all embodiments, the handle or the manipulator handle is a lever protruding inwardly of the vehicle cabin relative to the dashboard, which is detrimental in terms of safety transported people, and what does not necessarily adapt to the style intended for the driving position and the board or the dashboard. Moreover, if the installation of hydraulic devices presents the same advantages as that of the wires of power supply of electric motors, if we consider the path between the driving position and the external mirrors to be controlled, it is not the case that the hydraulic devices have the specific disadvantage that in case of rupture of a pocket deformable, of a rear-view mirror or of a connecting pipe, all the corresponding hydraulic circuits must be dismantled and replaced, and it is for this reason that it has already been proposed to the device described in the aforementioned European patent application of a hydraulic connector for each hydraulic control circuit, this hydraulic connector comprising two variable volume chambers, one of which is constantly in communication with the deformable bag of the transmitter of corresponding positioning, while the other is constantly in communication with the variable volume chamber of the corresponding positioning receiver, the two variable-voltage chambers of the connector being held by mechanical means in a pressure transfer configuration from one to the other. 'other.

 By the present invention, it is proposed to overcome the various disadvantages attached to the hydraulic control device described in the aforementioned European patent application, and to also provide improvements to various components of this device.

 In particular, the invention proposes a simple, economical and reliable device, regardless of the distance and the path separating the control member with manual activation and the controlled members, by using substantially frictionless hydraulic circuits at the levels of the body. manually or manipulatively controlled actuators, and connecting lines.

 In addition, the invention aims to provide a device that is independent of form contingency, so that it can be adapted to all styles of driving positions.

 Yet another object of the invention is to provide a device in which the volume of the manipulator and positioning transmitters is reduced to facilitate installation in a dashboard.

 Of course, the remote control of a controlled member such as an exterior mirror located on a vehicle, side of the passenger, must be possible, under the same conditions, from the driving position and for a short court and the entire device will be advantageously partially removable, because of the presence of hydraulic connectors, for the case where it would be necessary to replace a member such as a transmitter or positioning receiver.

 The basic principle of the device according to the invention consists in directly using deformable pockets of hydraulic fluid, not only in the watchers this positioning, but preferably also in the positioning receivers, so that a certain volume of hydraulic flui It is transferred from one emitter to the corresponding receiver of a hydraulic circuit, depending on the needs. Deformable pockets with flexible walls can occupy practically any position in space, and in particular three of them can be disposed in circumferential directions, each at a center angle of about 1200, or occupy positions at 1200 from each other, to allow control of the orientation of adjustable members such as vehicle mirrors. The use of deformable bags with flexible walls in the emitters makes it possible, to a certain extent, to overcome the contingencies of shapes at the variable volume chambers delimited by these pockets.

However, it remains necessary to maintain or dress these positioning transmitter pockets in supports that can take all the forms imposed by the style, and can therefore simultaneously act as hubcaps, that these supports consist of fixed parts or mobile, and without any mechanical organ, such as a piston, a jack, etc. does not come to interpose between any mobile part for holding a positioning transmitter pocket and said pocket itself.

 Another principle that can be implemented simultaneously is, according to the present invention, and in order to use practically all the volume of hydraulic fluid available in each hydraulic circuit, to use cams associated with the manually operated control member in such a way as to to drive, by compression, substantially all the fluid volume initially contained in the deformable bag of the corresponding transmitter. Similarly, cams can be provided to solicit the deformable pockets of the positioning receivers, so that only the internal volume of the ducts of rac-.

can be considered a dead volume. In this case, a third principle may advantageously be implemented in the device according to the invention, namely particular dipositions of deformable bags overlapping for example and combining their effects with particular shapes given to the cams to obtain particular effects, such as the sequential transmission of an unlocking or unlocking command, followed by at least one positioning command, in response to a manual operation of the actuator.

 In addition, in different possible applications of the device according to the invention, locks or locks of controlled members may be necessary. In these different cases, the locking or locking function will advantageously be filled without the deformable bags being put under high pressure.

 Although, in all cases, the volume of the deformable heads is related to the function that it is desired to fill in these pockets, it should be noted that the remote control device according to the present invention is limited, in its applications, to the control of all the controlled components which require only azure adjustments on short strokes, as is the case of mirrors or projectors, as well as to certain bodies requiring locks, such as headlamps and sunroof of vehicle, or the doors of vehicles, that we want to be able to condemn from the inside.

 Finally, another principle implemented in the device according to the invention will consist, in order to limit the number of manually actuated control members or, for a given number of these, to increase the number of components ordered, to provide channel switching for the hydraulic fluid flowing from a deformable bag of a transmitter to one or more of a plurality of receiver variable volume chambers associated with that transmitter.

 To achieve the aims presented above, the invention proposes a remote hydraulic control device, of the type in which at least one controlled member is retained on its support by means of ball joint articulation, allowing, on the one hand the locking of the controlled member in position relative to its support, by friction against one another by at least two spherical cap-like surfaces of complementary curvature and the same center of said articulation means, and which are applied against each other by a blocking pressure, and, secondly, the change in the orientation of the controlled member relative to its support under the effect of the increase in volume of at least one of the variable volume chambers of the positioning receivers, placed between said controlled member and its support. In this case, and according to a characteristic of the invention, the control device is characterized in that it comprises at least one additional hydraulic circuit including a variable volume chamber release transmitter and within range of the user, and connected by a connecting pipe to at least one variable volume chamber release receiver which is mounted on the support so as to develop a counter pressure to the blocking pressure, to separate one of the other said friction bearings, by increasing the volume of said variable volume chamber of the unlocking receiver as a consequence of a decrease in the volume of said variable volume chamber of the unlocking transmitter. By analogy with the other variable-pitch chambers of the other transmitters and receivers of the device, the variable volume chambers of the transmitters and receivers each comprise at least one pocket of formable wall scuple, which is mounted directertent canes the ccr.ande I manual actuation for the unlocking transmitter and retained in at least one imprint formed in the corresponding support, for the unlocking receiver, and, moreover, the blocking pressure is advantageously exerted elastically on the friction surfaces.

 Different shapes and arrangements can be given to the unlocking receiving pockets, according to the embodiment of the friction bearings and, in general, the ball joint means.

 In a first example, when the spherical cap-shaped bearing surfaces comprise a convex bearing provided by a plate connected to a controlled member and cooperating with a concave bearing which surrounds it and is presented by the support, it is advantageous that the range convex is arranged on the external lateral surface of the plate, whose bottom, on the side opposite the controlled member, has a hemispherical boss projecting towards the support, of smaller radius than that of the convex range and forming a concentric half-ball joint at the convex range and engaged in a bowl of the support, this half-ball being held in the rotational position in the bowl by the compression exerted on the convex range by a plurality of fingers each secured by its foot to the support and surrounding the convex range so as to define each a portion of the concave range which is in this case discontinuous.

And each finger delimiting; at its support connecting leg and the side facing the plate, a recess extending in the circumferential direction, and wherein is housed at least one of the inflatable tubes of a series of strands connected in series by this small internal volume and forming the variable volume chamber of the unlocking receiver, so that the swelling of the flanges, in response to a release command from the corresponding transmitter, causes a radial spreading these fingers against their natural elastic return to release the convex range and allow a rotation of the plate Far his half-ball on the support, thanks to the action of the positioning receivers.

 In a second example, if said spherical cap-like bearing surfaces of the ball jointing means comprise a convex bearing provided by a plate connected to the controlled member and cooperating with a concave bearing surface surrounding the convex and supported range. by a base secured to the support, the device according to the invention is characterized in that the concave surface is formed on a peripheral skirt subdivided into flaps contiguous by radial slots formed in the skirt which surrounds an annular groove in the base and containing the variable volume chamber of the unlocking receiver which consists of a deformable pocket with flexible wall and substantially toroidal shape, so that the swelling of said substantially toroidal pocket, in response to a release order from the the unlocking transmitter, controls the radial spacing of the flaps of the skirt relative to the convex range and to against their natural elastic return, specific to the constituent material, in order to at least partially release the convex range of its locking in position by the concave range of the skirt and allow its relative displacement by the action of the receivers of positioning.

 In a last particular example, in which the ball joint means comprise a half-ball joint which is, on the one hand, engaged in a hemispherical housing of a plate connected to a command member 4, and, on the other hand, integral. a connecting member to the controlled member, the connecting member being such that it crosses the bottom of the.

housing and is biased by an elastic member supported on one side on the support and, on the other side, on the connecting member to exert the locking pressure, the device according to the invention is characterized in that the variable volume chamber of the unlocking receiver is arranged in an imprint formed in the support so as to exert on the connecting member an action which is in contrast with that of the elastic means, when the connector pocket of the receiver of Unlocking is inflated by a decrease in the volume of the variable volume chamber of the unlocking transmitter, which is itself delimited by a deformable pocket with flexible wall.

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description given below, without limitation, of exemplary embodiments of the various aspects of the invention described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGS. 1a and 1b are views respectively in front elevation and partial side elevation with partial sectional view of a first example of a fixed direct contact manipulator button,
FIGS. 2a and 2b are respectively cross-sectional side elevational views of a second example of a fixed direct contact manipulator button,
FIGS. 3a and 3b are views respectively corresponding to FIGS. 2a and 2b, but of a third example of a fixed-contact button with direct contact,
FIGS. 4a and 4b are also views similar to FIGS. 2a and 2b, respectively, but of a fourth example of a direct contact fixed button-manipulator,
FIGS. 5a and 5b are views substantially corresponding to FIGS. 2a and 2b, but for an example of a direct contact retractable manipulator button,
FIG. 5c is a partial view in axial section of an element of the manipulator button of FIGS. 5a and 5b,
FIGS. 6a and 68 are views respectively of this face and in cross-section of a first example of a linear manipulator,
FIGS. 7a and 7b are views similar to FIGS. 6a and 6b for a second example of a linear manipulator,
FIG. 8a is a partial axial sectional view of an exemplary oscillating manipulator button,
FIG. 8b is a section along the plane AA of a member of the manipulator button of FIG. 8a,
FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8a for a second example of an oscillating manipulator button,
FIGS. 10a and 10b are plan views respectively of a first and a second element of a floating type manipulator,
FIG. 10c is a cross-sectional view of the floating manipulator constituted by the assembly of the elements of FIGS. 10a and 10b,
FIGS. 10d and 10e respectively and schematically represent a view of the visible field in a vehicle exterior mirror, with axes and preferred adjustment zones, as well as a view of such a table-top rearview mirror controlled by the action of three receivers. positioning,
FIG. 11a is a view similar to FIG. 1a and a side elevational view of a control cam follower of a second example of a floating type manipulator,
FIG. 11b is a cross-sectional view along bb,
FIG. 12 is a diagrammatic view partly in perspective and partially in the form of a circuit, of a direct-acting pivoting manipulator with channel switching,
Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a hydraulic circuit connector for connecting a manipulator to positioning receivers of a controlled orcane;
FIG. 14 is a front elevational view of the connector of FIG. 13 in the open position,
FIG. 15 is a schematic view, in the open position, of a connector for a device comprising a switching handler,
FIG. 16a is a partial cross-sectional representation of an example of an adjustable mirror housing, com.mancE by a device according to the invention, with its articulation and locking and unlocking means of this rearview mirror in the housing. ,
FIG. 16b is a partial and schematic sectional view along line CC of FIG. 16a,
FIGS. 17a and 18a are representations similar to those of FIG. 16a of two other examples of mirror housings and hinge, locking and unlocking means of this mirror in its housing,
FIG. 17b is a partial diagrammatic sectional view along line dd of FIG. 17a,
FIG. 18b is a partial schematic view of the mechanism of FIG. 18a, and
Figure 18c is a schematic view of a mechanism member of Figure 18a.

 In FIGS. 1a and 1b, there is shown a manually operated control device, or manipulator, of the fixed button-manipulator type, for a remote hydraulic control device of a controlled device, which is, in the following DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE MOTOR VEHICLE.The remote control device for the positioning of the rearview mirror comprises three hydraulic positioning circuits, each of which comprises a positioning transmitter, consisting of a deformable transmitting pouch I flexible wall, in one rubber synthetic material, and which is cortrunication by a flexible tube of small diameter and relatively elastically deformable, with a similar tocne deformable and flexible I wall, constituting a positioning receiver. The set of two pockets transmitter and receiver and the connecting tube is folded back a certain volume of hydraulic fluid, so that if one co the transmitter pocket is reduced, its volume is reduced and the hydraulic fluid contained in it is transferred under pressure by the connecting tube into the receiver pocket, which increases in volume. The positioning receptor pockets being retained between the rear-view mirror orientable and a support, which they mechanically connect, and which support the mirror is attached by means of articulation ball joint, as described with reference to Figure 4 of the European patent application 0152219 to which we will refer advantageously for more details on the structure of the mounting of the rear-view mirror in its-housing-support, it follows that an increase in volume of one of the receiving receptacle pockets causes a pivoting of the mirror relative to its housing-support, which results in the compression of at least one of the positioning receptor pockets which are part around the pivot center of the retaining member. mirror on its support, so that hydraulic fluid is transferred under pressure from this or these compressed positioning receptor pockets to the positioning transmitter pocket or pockets which is or are connected to it by a communication tube.

 The manipulator knob of FIGS. 1a and 1b comprises a casing of substantially cylindrical outer general shape, consisting of a tubular side wall 1 closed at one end by a cover 2, and surrounding a tri-lob internal body 3 projecting from one side a bottom 4 in the form of a flat disk, the other surface of which bears, projecting, lugs 5 for resilient snapping into holes provided for this purpose in a support 6, such as the plane of the board or the board of edge. By the end of its side wall 1 on the side opposite the lid 2, the housing is fixed by gluing, ultrasonic welding or in any other suitable manner, possibly removable, at the periphery of the face facing the bottom. 4.

The casing, whose side wall 1 and the lid 2 are in one piece, for example a relatively rigid plastic material, is thus secured to another rigid member, also made of plastic, consisting of the bottom 3 and the inner body 4, come from one piece. The assembly is attached in a fixed position by snapping on the support 6. Each of the three radial arms 7 of the inner body 3 delimits, with the other two, concave cells forming, with the parts facing the cover 2 and the side wall 1, three housings each opening towards the outside of the button through an opening 8, formed partly in the side wall 1 and partly in the cover 2. In each of the three regularly distributed housing 1200 of each other around the the center of the manipulator knob is housed a positioning transmitter pocket 9 which is a deformable pocket thus isolated from the other pockets by the arms 7, and whose tube 9a of connection to the corresponding positioning receiver passes through the holes in the eye formed in the bottom 4 and in the support 6. Each deformable pocket and protected in a rigid envelope is accessible from the outside, through the corresponding vertex 8, and it is sufficient to the u The user can press directly on the accessible part of the flexible wall of the pocket 9 to compress it in its housing and transmit a hydraulic control command to the corresponding receiver.La simultaneous support on two pockets 9 is possible and easy, front and / or side, because of the shape and extent of the openings 8 and the regular distribution of the pockets 9, openings 8 and these arms 7 to 120 of each other and in the circumferential direction around the center of the button. This manipulator has the additional advantages that it is constituted by the assembly of two rigid parts only, each of which has simple shapes and is easy to manufacture. On the other hand, the thickness of the manipulator button, that is to say its dimension perpendicular to the support 6, is small and its outer shapes can be adapted to the style of the dashboard, because the housing can have a polygonal section for example.

 The manipulator shown in Figures 2a and 2b is also a fixed manipulator button with direct contact on the deformable pockets, and yes has many characteristics of structure identical or similar to those of that described above. The essential differences are that the three openings 18 for access to the three deflectable pockets 19 are oval openings formed only by the side wall 11, between the cover 12 and the bottom 14, and that the internal body 13 is simply constituted by three arms each of the radial members 17 is of a thin but still thin shape, extending from the center to the inner face of the side wall 11. The retaining means of the manipulator knob on the support 16 have not been shown, but , as in the previous example, the tubes 19a of the pockets 19 pass through holes in the bottom 14 and in the support 16.

 On the contrary, on the fixed and direct contact button-manipulator of FIGS. 3a and 3b, whose general structure and the essential components are the same as in the two previously described examples, the openings 28 for access to the deformable transmitting pockets 29 are circular openings formed only in the cover 22 that the side wall 21 connect without opening to-.

Again, in this example, the radial arms 27 of the central body 23 do not extend to the inner face of the side wall 21, but remain sufficiently large to insulate the pockets 29. each other.

 The examples of buttons-manipulators of Figures 2a, 2b, and 3a, 3b, on which the controls are provided by respectively radial and axial supports on the pockets accessible through the openings, have the same advantages as the example of Figures la and lb and can also be actuated fingertip by the user, and with good selectivity of the controls.

 When the controlled member is a safety member, oriented and / or locked in a position that must not be accidentally or inadvertently modified, by inadvertent compression of a deformable transmitting bag, the button-manipulator used is preferably a variant of that of Figures 3a and 3b and as shown in Figures 4a and 4b. On these, the lateral surface 31 is that of a relatively thick disk-shaped cover 32 and constituting a protective casing having, in its face facing the support or dashboard 36, a central recess in which is .

engaged and fixed a core'arrondi 33 secured to the end of a rigid central rod 35 projecting on a base 34 for fixing the button-manipulator on the support 36. In its face facing the base 34 and spaced from this last, the housing 32 also has three cells evenly distributed around the central recess 33 to the core, and in each of which is housed a deformable transmitting pocket 39, a portion is directly accessible from the outside through a circular opening arranged in an annular plate 37 fixed around the core 33 and holding each pocket 39 in its recess.

In this example, the connecting tubes of the pockets 39 pass through channels formed in the central rod 3i and the core 33, and opening into the bottom of the pockets of the pockets 39. The cor-ande is therefore by pushing the fingers out between the base 36 and the housing 32 and compressing at least one pocket 39 towards the bottom of its cavity through the corresponding opening in the plate 37.

 In this example, it is also possible for the pockets 39 to be housed in a hollow housing and separated from each other by radial connecting arms of the casing to the central core 33.

 In all the variants, the deformable emitting pockets are housed in a rigid casing, in the form of an inverted bowl and a closed bottom, in which the pockets are retained around a central rod integral with the bowl and connecting it to the base of the bowl. fixing to the support.

 FIGS. 5a to 5c show another example of a manipulator with direct contact on the emitter pockets, but this manipulator is no longer of the type fixed on its support, but retractable in the latter. This support 46 is. as in the previous examples, the dashboard in which is formed a circular orifice surrounded by a rim 46a in the interior of the dashboard, and in which is housed a locking mechanism, for example ball, schematized at 46b, intended to immobilize the manipulator in the extended position and also in the retracted position relative to the support 46.This manipulator comprises a tubular casing with a substantially cylindrical lateral wall 41, which is open at one axial end and completely closed to the other axial end by a cover 42, whose peripheral portion connects to the side wall 41 by an over-thickness forming a shoulder 42a abutting against the outer peripheral of the opening of the support 46, to limit the depression of the manipulator in the rest position, retracted or retracted, in the support 46 (see Figure 5b). The manipulator also comprises an internal body (43) provided with three arms (47) extending both radially at 1200 from one another and axially, and secured by the end of the side opposite to the cover 42 of a bottom 44 in the form of a circular disc.In each of the three cells delimited between the arms 47 of the inner body 43 is housed a deformable emitting pocket 49, whose tube 49a of connection to the corresponding receiving pocket passes through a hole in the bottom 44. The inner body 43 and the three pockets 49 housed in their cell are surrounded by a flexible sheath 45, made of a sleeve of a thin and elastic film, which facilitates assembly and improves the aesthetic appearance of pockets 49, so that the assembly consisting of the bottom 44, the body 43 and the pockets 49 can be easily introduced into the housing, until the bottom 44 abuts against the end of the side wall 41, which has three openings 48 distributed widely in the circumferential direction, and centered at 1200 from each other and each of which constitutes an access opening to a cell to directly compress the pocket 49 therein. After securing the side wall 42 on the front 44, the manipulator is ready to operate. By pulling from the rest position, in which the manipulator is retracted or retracted into the support 46, as shown in FIG. 5b, when the user wishes to transmit a control command, he grasps the manipulator by means of its cover 42 and the is pulled axially outwardly of the support 46, until the bottom 44 comes into abutment against the flange 46a, and the locking mechanism 46b then blocks the manipulator in the extended or service position.In this position, it suffices then to the user to finger compress at least one of the pockets 49 through the corresponding opening 48. After transmission to the desired control commands, the user places the manipulator in the retracted position, in which it is again blocked by the mechanise of the 4Gb lock.

 The manipulator of this example may have many different shapes, especially in cross section, the latter may for example be polygonal. The housing 41, 42 and the inner body 43 serve only to support the pockets 49, each of which may be a volume of 1.1 cm 3 for example, and filled before or after assembly, which allows a good adaptation of the manipulator in the style of the dashboard.

 FIGS. Ga and 6b show an indirect contact manipulator of a so-called "linear" type, comprising three push-buttons 50 arranged side-by-side, and each of which comprises a pusher or rocker 51 in the form of substantially rectangular tongue whose lower portion 52 is projecting on the side of its outer face and curved on the side of its inner face forming a groove 53 closed on each side by two thin lateral sails 54 extending to the end of the the upper part 55 of the tongue, which is folded on the side of the inner face.By curved upper part 55, the Dousmouth is mounted tilting about a transverse axis 56 which passes through this portion 55 and is common to the three pushers 51, on a common base 57 for fixing to the support 58, such as the dashboard. The base 57 has, facing each pusher 51, a recess or a cavity in which is housed a deformable emitting pocket 59 retained in the lower part by a stop 57a carried by the base 57 and limiting the corresponding cell, while the corresponding connecting tube 59a passes through a hole drilled in the base 57, in the vicinity of the upper part of the corresponding pocket 59.By pressing a pusher 51, it is pivoted about the axis 56 towards the base 57, and the compression of the corresponding pocket 59, the abutment 57a then being housed in the groove 53 to allow maximum compression of the pocket 59.

In this example also, the shape of the pusher is relatively independent of its operation and can be adapted to the style of the dashboard. The manipulator may comprise more than three push buttons, each provided with a single deformable pocket, and one of which may be a release or clutch release bag, in communication with an unlocking or clutch receiving pocket which when inflated as a result of the compression of the corresponding emitter pocket, suppresses or at least substantially reduces the friction between two contact surfaces which, by mutual friction, keep the mirror in a particular position.

This release control precedes the pivot controls which are facilitated, as more fully described below with reference to Figs. 16a to 18c.

FIGS. 7a and 7b show a second example of a linear indirect contact manipulator, comprising two double pushbuttons 60 (and not three single pushbuttons 50 as in the previous example)
Each push button 60 comprises a pusher 61 in the form of a rectangular tongue whose lower portion 62 is thickened and projecting on the side of its outer face, the central portion 63 is thickened and projecting on the side of its inner face, and the portion upper 65 bent on the side of its inner face, and these three parts are connected to each other by two thin lateral webs 64, of triangular shape, 'the largest dimension in the direction perpendicular to the outer face of the tongue 61, is at the central portion 63, in an area crossed by a transverse axis 66, common to; two push buttons 60, and around which each pusher 61 is thus mounted swinging. The axis 66 is supported by a base 67 for attachment to the dashboard 68 by any suitable means known, for example by screwing, snapping, gluing etc., the base being cl a two buttons 60.Case base 67 presents, for each pushbutton 60, two recesses or cavities, each of which is respectively facing one of the two corresponding halves of the pusher 61, on either side of the axis 66, and in each of these two recesses is housed a deformable transmitting bag 69, the connecting tube 69a passes through a hole drilled in the bottom of the corresponding recess and through the base 67. Thus, that the pusher 61 is tilted in one or the other direction about the axis 66, it compresses a pocket 69 to issue a command to the corresponding receiver. The two pockets 69, disposed between each pusher 6'1 and the common base 67 may be of the same volume or different volumes. The assembly formed by the fuse 67 and the pushers 61 constitutes a rigid envelope protecting each pocket 69. In this example, it is possible to provide four functions with the two double pushbuttons 60, which reduces the space required for control manipulator of the mirror, and group an auxiliary function, for example a clutch control or unlocking, with the three controls positioning the mirror. Of course, this mechanism can be generalized to more than two pushbuttons 60 arranged side-I-side and each fulfilling two functions, because it is equipped with two deformable pockets, and the shape of the manipulator can be adapted to the style of the table on board.

 FIGS. 8a and 8b show an example of an oscillating manipulator 70, which comprises an oscillating pusher 71 having a head 72 through which it is encased and guided in its pivoting in a tubular body 73 with a closed bottom 74 having a central boss 75 substantially hemispherical, in aairlie inwardly of the body 73 and engaged in a hemispherical recess formed in the end of the head 72, to form a joint of the pusher ball 71 in the body 73. This last ensures the mounting the manipulator 70 on a support 76, such as the dashboard, being retained in an orifice of the support 76.The oscillating pusher 71 also comprises a thrust plate 77, outside the tubular body 73 and which is shaped in its peripheral portion, both abutting projecting outwards (that is to say towards the user) to limit the sliding of the user's finger during actuation, and in a thin skirt projecting inwards (toward the body 73 and the support 76) to protect the manipulator against the penetration of foreign bodies to the three deformable pockets 79 housed in a recess in the tutubular body 73, between the inner face its side wall on the side of its open end and the outer face of a thinned portion at the neck 78 which connects the head 72 to the thrust plate 77. The pockets 79, each of which has a volume of 2 or 3 cm 3 for example , are distributed regularly circumferentially around the neck 78, and each pocket 79 extends for example in a circular arc subtended by an angle in the center of 120. The head 72 guided by swiveling 75 on the bottom 74 of the body 73, is externally shaped (see Figure 8b) three-lobe deformation cam 72a compression bags 79, when an eccentric thrust is exerted from the outside on the oscillating pusher 71. In this example, the connecting tubes 79a of the pockets 79 pass between the head 72 and the body 73 and leave the latter through holes drilled in its bottom 74.This manipulator therefore comprises only two rigid parts, namely the pusher 71 and the tubular body 73, and the three deformable pockets 79, and, as there is always at least one pocket which is at least partially filled, when the device has been mounted, the oscillating pusher 71 can not be dismantled and is retained in the tubular body 73 by at least one pocket, as soon as the manipulator is in place.

 As in the previous examples, the pocket volume is chosen according to the displacements provided for the controlled organ. The tri-lobed inner cam shape of the head 72 not only empties the pockets 79 and use all the liquid that at least one of them contains, but also to favor displacements on certain axes, when each lobe 72a is in front of a pocket 79, or to move the controlled member, for example the mirror, along two axes I at a time, when the lobes 72a of the head partially and simultaneously support two pockets -79.

 FIG. 9 represents a second example of an oscillating push manipulator guided by swiveling in a tubular body and with a compression cam of deformable pockets housed in the body. But, in this second example, the tubular body 83, by which the manipulator 80 is, as in the first example, mounted in an orifice of the support 86, has a portion of its central passage which is arranged in a sliding range in concave spherical cap which cooperates with a convex spherical cap sliding surface, of complementary curvature, presented by the external lateral surface of a tubular skirt 82 which simultaneously constitutes the cam of the push-button 81. The latter comprises, in addition to the tubular skirt 82 which is engaged in the tubular body 83, a thrust plate 87, outside the body 83 and the side of the center of curvature of the concave bearing surface of the body 83. On the opposite side to the thrust plate 87, the body 83 is closed by a bottom 84, whose central portion supports a stud 85, bulbous, which projects inwardly of the body 83 and engaged with a large radial clearance in the skirt 82. In this way, inner surface of the skirt: 32 and the surract!

external of the central plots 85 delimit between them an annular recess in which are housed three deformable emitting pockets 89, regularly distributed around the stud 85 in the circumferential direction, and whose cnacune extends substantially in a circular arc subtended by an angle in the center of 1200. The connecting tubes (not shown) of the emitting pockets 89 to the receivers this corresponding positioning pass between the skirt 82 and the central stud 85, and through holes formed in the bottom 84. Thus, any eccentric support exerted by the user on the thrust plate 87 of the oscillating pusher 81, causes a swivel movement of the latter in the body.

83 through the skirt 82 which compresses at least one pocket 89 against the central stud 85, which controls the transfer of a volume of hydraulic fluid under pressure to the corresponding positioning receiver or mirrors.

 As in the previous example, the volume of each pocket 89 may be of the order of 2 or 3 cm 3, and be adapted to the necessary positioning races of the rear-view mirror, and no locking in position of the oscillating pusher is ensured. In addition, the outer shape of the manipulator can be adapted to the style of the dashboard and finally the manipulator is unmountable after placing its elements and filling the pockets 89.Bar cons, in the example of Figure 9, the filling pockets 89 of hydraulic fluid must intervene after the establishment and the mechanism comprises three piecesrigidesS namely the oscillating pushbutton 81, the body 83 and the bottom 84 with its stud 85, the bottom 84 relating to the body 83, while in the example of Figures 8a and 8b, the mechanism has only two rigid parts, and the pockets can be filled before or after assembly.

 FIGS. 10a to 10c show an example of a "floating" push manipulator, consisting of a substantially flat push-button, shown in plan in FIG. 10b, and mounted on the one hand with a limited parallel clearance at its plane and, secondly, on a useful stroke perpendicular to its plane, with respect to a base shown in plan in FIG. 10a.

 This manipulator 90, shown in cross-section in FIG. 10c, comprises a base 91, through which the manipulator is fixed on the dashboard (not shown), and which has the shape of a rectangular bottom, substantially flat bottom surrounded by a flange of relatively small thickness 92. Three recesses are formed in the upper or inner face of the bottom of the base 91, and each partially houses one of the three deformable emitter pockets of the manipulator, one of which is a pocket 93 central and lower (in FIG. 10a) and the other two side pockets 94 and 95, substantially C-shaped concavity turned towards each other, and which partially overlap each other by a portion end 94a of the pocket 94 which is arranged above an end portion 95a of the pocket 95, the covering being provided in the central part of the base 92, on the side opposite the pocket 93, while the three tubes of li 96, each connecting one of the pockets to the corresponding positioning receiver, pass through holes provided in the central part of the bottom of the base 92, in the zone delimited between the three pockets 93, 94 and 95, each of which is retained in its recess having, in plan, the shape of a corresponding imprint. The pusher 97 is formed as a rectangular cover, of dimensions slightly greater than those of the base 91, and flat on its outer face and it comprises on its periphery a flange 98 projecting from the side of its inner face and in the lower end has, protruding inwardly of the cover 97, a peripheral bead 99 by which it is resiliently snapped onto the periphery of the base 91, so that the lid can move relative to the latter in a direction allowing to compress the pockets 93, 94 and 95, enclosed between the base 91 and the pusher 97, and also with a small clearance in the plane perpendicular to this direction. In order to compress the pockets selectively, the pusher 97 has, projecting on its underside, four cams, one of which, not visible on the section of FIG. 10c, is directly above the pocket 93, and the other three, visible in section in Figure 10c are a lateral cam 100 of substantially triangular cross-section, in line with the lateral portion of the pocket 94, a lateral cam 101, of trapezoidal section with a small base turned towards the bottom, directly above the lateral portion of the pocket 9S, and a central cam 102, also of trapezoidal section, above the superimposed portions 94a and 95a of the two pockets 94 and 95.This central cam 102 is the thicker. and of such a thickness or at rest, in the absence of support on the pusher 97, the cam 102 is flush with the pocket portion 94a.

The shapes of the cams 100, 101 and 102 and the cam not shown are such that they make it possible to use all the volume of hydraulic fluid required for the deflections of the rearview mirror in cooperation with the pockets, whose volumes may vary between 0.5. and 2 cm3 for example, and after an approach stroke x that is virtually zero for the cam 102 and still low for the other three cams.This manipulator, which has only two rigid parts that can be adapted to the style of the board. edge, and whose installation is easy, allows, thanks to the three pockets, two of which are partially superposed, and the four cams, to perform four different functions, three of which, as in the previous examples, are functions of positioning the rearview mirror by pivoting in particular directions, by compressing the pocket 93 and the non-superposed portions of the pockets 94 and 95, the compression being obtained by pressing on the push Float 97, at the level of the cams 1CO, 101 and that not shown, which are indicated by the symbols
H, B and u on the top of the pusher 97. The fourth function is a particular function which, in the exemplary application to the pivot control of a rearview mirror, may be a quick set-up control of this mirror in a predetermined position, by compression of superimposed pockets portions 94a and 95a, the compression being obtained by pressing the pusher 97 at the symbol x. The stroke of the pusher 97 is such that, when the user presses at this zone .x, the cams 100 and 101 of the pusher 97 are substantially tangent to the pockets 94 and 95. The fact of pressing simultaneously on these two pockets has the effect of orienting the mirror according to a preferred Y axis, Y ', predetermined and shown in Figure lord, which is explained below, while the angular adjustment of the positioning is carried out by pressing the zone marked W on the pusher 97, and by compression of the pocket 93. The ratio of the volume of the bag portions 94a and 95a which are superimposed on the volume of each of the pockets 94 and 95 is chosen so that the fast approach function is fulfilled. If the position of the Y axis Y 'is not exactly that which is desired by the user, the correction is ensured by seperately compressing one of the pockets 94 and 95 by pressing the one of the two zones marked H and B on the pusher 97.

 In Figure 10d, the rectangle A, A ', B, B' represents the envelope of the extreme positions of the eye of the driver of a car. However, in the majority of cases, the eye moves substantially on a transverse axis, slightly inclined Z, Z ', privileged and linked to the station and / or the driving position. The axis Y, Y 'is chosen perpendicular to the axis Z, Z', so that after the return of the eye of the driver on this axis Y, Y ', by pressing on the setting zone quick place x, the adjustment is completed by rotating the mirror by an angle x about this axis Y, Y ', by pressing the zone i of the pusher 97.

 In FIG. 10e, a mirror housing 104 is diagrammatically shown in mirror 104 and is positioned by three receivers interposed between the mirror and the casing of the casing. The receivers 105 and 106 are respectively connected to the pockets 95 and 94, and the receiver 107 a. the pocket 93. The support on the H or B area resnectively controls the increase in the volume of the receiver 106 or 105, that is respectively rotate the rearview mirror upwardly or downwardly. The pressing on the zone s controls, by increasing the volume of the receiver 107, the pivoting of the mirror around the axis passing through the centers of the receivers 105 and 106, and the pressing on the zone x controls a simultaneous action on the two receivers 105 and 106, which immediately moves the mirror so that the eye of the driver is on the Y axis, Y '.

 Such a manipulator with three pockets and four functions can be generalized to a manipulator comprising n deformable pockets and n + 1, n + 2 ... n + p functions, if there are recoveries of at least two pockets among the n in the manipulator.

 In a simpler variant, the pockets 94 and 95 have no overlap, so that there is a manipulator with three deformable pockets to control the positioning of the rearview mirror by the combination of three different commands or functions.

 The manipulator 110, diagrammatically shown in FIGS. 1a and 11b is a variant of that described below with reference to FIGS. 10a-vi, and operates according to the same principles, that is to say that it allows provide three controls for positioning the mirror and a quick set-up control of the mirror in a predetermined position. The essential difference is that the base of this manipulator 110 has an additional imprint in the central part of its bottom, and in this additional cavity is partially accommodated and retains an additional deformable pocket 112, around which are distributed a pocket 113, in the lower position in Figure 11o and cor respandant pocket 93 of the previous example, and two side pockets 114 and 115 , L-shaped which partially reccuvate in the upper part of the base (in Figure lla) and which correspond to the pockets 91 and 95 of the example preceding. With regard to the central pocket 112, without overlap with the other pockets, the pusher 117 (see FIG. 11b) has an additional central cam 118, in the form of a hemispherical bearing, whose volume corresponds to that of the pocket 112. for example 2 cm3 corresponding to a thickness of 0.5 cm and a section of 4 cm2. The hemispherical shape of the central card 118 makes it possible, when the pusher 117 is depressed by pressing on the central zone V of the pusher, at the central cam 118, to simultaneously compress at least one other pocket 113, 114 or 115 by pivoting the pusher 117 on the hemispherical cam 118. The approach stroke of the hemispherical cam 118 relative to the central pocket 112 is the smallest of the approach strokes of all the cams relative to the corresponding pockets, and the maxi mum race of this cam 118 is such that after the depression of this cam 118 on its maximum stroke, the cam 122, which is presented by the pusher 117 facing the superimposed portions of the pockets 114 and 115, the opposite side to the cam 119 of ccmpressior. of the pocket 113, laugh flush the two superimposed portions of the pockets 114 and 115. The slightest pivoting of the pusher 117 by rotation on the cam emisphérique 118, obtained by pressing the area M of the pusher 117 then allows to compress the superimposed pockets for the-.

quick installation of the mirror. For the rest, this manipulator works like that of the previous example.

The manipulator of FIGS. 1a and 115, having four pockets, two of which are partially superimposed, and five cams, thus fulfill five control functions, and can be used to control accessories other than a mirror.

In the case of the control of a rearview mirror, the additional function related to the presence of the pocket 112, which is the first compressed when the pusher 117 is actuated, can be a control clutch or unlock the mirror, as described below with reference to: <FIGS. 16a to 18c.

 As previously noted, this manipulator may also be adapted to the style of the dashboard, and the relative values of the bag volumes may be selected according to the desired strokes of the controlled organ.

 FIG. 12 schematically shows a control device comprising a single manipulator that can be used to selectively control one or the other of two controlled components, for example an outside mirror on the right-hand side and an outside mirror on the left-hand side. on a motor vehicle. The position of the right mirror is determined by three deformable positioning receptor pockets 130, 131 and 132, while the position of the left mirror is determined by the three deformable positioning receptor pockets 133, 134 and 135. Each of the receiving pockets of 130 to 135 is in communication, by a low volume input channel, with a deformable isolation bag 136 to 141, much smaller volume than that of the corresponding positioning receptor pocket, and isolation pockets 136 and 139 are connected in parallel to the same connecting tube 142, while the isolation pockets 137 and 140 are connected in parallel to the same tube 143 and this connection 143 and that the isolation pockets 138 and 141 are connected in parallel to the 144. Each of the connecting tubes 142, 143 and 144 is connected to the deformable bag which emits corresponding positions, respectively. 145, 16 and 147, these three positioning transmitter pockets being housed in the body 149, closed by a cover 150, the manipulator I switching channels 148, this ccrps 149 having three openings by each of which the user can exert a support directly on a corresponding pocket among the three positioning transmitter pockets 145 to 147, each of which is housed in a corresponding compartment of the body 149. The latter is shaped as a handle attached by a tubular sleeve 151 to a substantially rectangular base 152 pivotally mounted around its longitudinal axis O, O 'on a support not shown in the figure. On either side of the longitudinal axis O, O ', the base 152 has one of two oblong and symmetrical windows in each of which is housed one of two deformable shutter-emitting pockets 153 and 154, which are attached to the support and each connected by one of two connecting tubes 155 and 156 I one of two deformable closure receptor pockets 157 and 158. These pockets 157 and 158 are elongated deformable pockets maintained respectively in the right rearview mirror housing and in the left rearview mirror housing, one 157 in the pressure transmission configuration with the three deformable isolation pockets 136 to 138 upstream of the deformable positioning receiver pockets 130 to 132 of the right rearview mirror, and the other 158 in the pressure transmission configuration with the three deformable isolation pockets 139 to 141, upstream of the positioning receiver deformable pockets 133 to 135 of the left rearview mirror. if, when the user pivots the manually operated control member constituted by the body 149 and the base 152 to the left in FIG. 12, around the axis O, the base 152 compresses the pocket Issuing shutter 153, which transfers, through the tube 155, hydraulic fluid under pressure into the receiving pocket 157, which feels like a thief and so compresses the three pockets. 136 to 138, reduced to their minimum volume, so that the three pockets receptive positioning 130 to 132 of the right mirror are isolated from the connecting tubes 142 to 144. It follows that any compression by the user positioning emitter pockets 145 to 147 in the body 149 of the manipulator 148 has no effect on the position of the positioning receptor pockets of the right mirror, and only the positioning receiver pockets 133 to 135 of the left mirror can receive orders from mo command determining the orientation of this left mirror, through the uncompressed isolation pockets 139 to 141, and connecting tubes 142 to 144, which pass into the tubular shaft 151 to be connected to the positioning transmitter pockets 145 Conversely, when the manipulator 148 is pivoted to the right around the axis O, O 'of its base, the sealing emitter pocket 154 is compressed, which inflates the sealing receptacle pocket 158 and compresses the isolation pockets 139 to 141, so that the positioning receiver pockets 133 to 135 of the left mirror are isolated from the positioning transmitter pockets 145 147. This prevents the change of the orientation of the left mirror, and only the positioning of the right mirror can be modified by action on the positioning transmitter pockets 145 to 147, in communication with the tubes 142 1 144 and the isolation pockets 136 1 138 with the receiving pockets of positioning 130 to 132.

 This manipulator 148, 1 switching the control channels to the two mirrors combines the principle of the direct contact manipulator on three deformable positioning transmitter pockets, connected to three deformable pockets receiving the positioning of the controlled member, with a pivoting set the manipulator, one side or the other, to allow the transmission of the gold of cre dance cue rance towards one or the other of two bodies cortrandés, for example on the left to control the mirror left and right to control the orientation of the rear view mirror this straight. Compared with positioning receptor pockets 130 to 132 and 133 I 135, the small isolation pockets respectively 136 I 138 and 139 to 141 fulfill the function of valves preventing the hydraulic fluid from the emitting pockets this positioning 145 to 147 to respectively enter the positioning receptor pockets 130 I 132 and 133 1 135, respectively when the shutter receiving pocket 157 or 158 is inflated by compression respectively the shutter issuing bag 153 or 154.

In this example, the volume of the positioning emitter pockets 145 1 147 is twice that of the positioning receiver pockets 130 to 135, and it is obvious that each positioning emitter pocket 145 I 147 is connected in parallel to the two receiving pockets. posi tioning which control the positioning in the same direction of two orientable mirrors.

 In FIGS. 13 and 14, there is shown a connector used to connect connection tubes which, in the absence of this connector, would be too long and too difficult to install between deformable emitting pockets and deformable receiving pockets. For example, as already stated in the European patent application mentioned above, an advantage associated with the presence of such a connector is, in the event of a fault, of a hydraulic hy circuit in the circuit part located on the side of the emitting pocket or in the circuit part on the side of the receiving pcb, that only the defective part is to be replaced. Such a connector thus makes it possible to connect and separate the two complementary parts of a hydraulic circuit without emptying the emitter and / or receiver pockets.

 This connector 160 comprises a body made of a single piece made of a synthetic material and consisting of two flaps 161 and 162, hinged relative to each other by a flexible hinge formed by a narrow tongue 164 between two parallel lines and thinned material 165, forming the folding axes X, 'and Y, Y'.L One of the flaps is a base 161, the outer surface carries, projecting, tabs 166 for snap fastening resilient on a support 167 and whose edge opposite the flexible hinge 163 carries two elastically deformable hooks 168 to allow the removable closure of the body by folding the flap 162, forming a lid, against a base 161 and elastic snap hooks 168 over the edge of the lid 162 on the side opposite the hinge 163, as shown in cross-section in FIG. 13.

Each of the two flaps 161 and 162 has, in its internal face, three recesses or cavities of rectangular shape, and each of the three recesses of one of the flaps vierten a corresponding recess of the other flap, when these two flaps are folded and tied together. In each of the recesses of the shutter 161 is housed a deformable pocket 169, of corresponding shape, the connecting tube 169a passes into one of the notches provided for this purpose in the edge of the flap 161. Similarly, deformable pockets 170 are housed in the three recesses of the flap 162, and their connecting tube 150 passes also in notches in the edge of this flap 162, on the opposite side to the one by which the tubes 169a out of the connector.When the two flaps 161 and 162 are fastened against each other, which means that the connector is closed. The pockets 170 are each compressed against one of the pockets 169, so that the volume increases of one causes a decrease in the other one of the same volze, the pockets being two I-two in cor.-iclratic- transmission this pression.Si the three tubes this connection 169a are connected to the three deformable pockets emitting positioning of a manipulator of the pos rear view mirror, then the pockets 169 constitute connecting receptor pockets, whose volume increases cause decreases in the volumes of the pockets 170 constituting connecting emitter pockets, the connecting tubes 170a are connected to the three receiving pockets The positioning of this mirror, to which the volumes of hydraulic fluid removed from the pockets 170 of the connector are transmitted to ensure this positioning.

 Such a connector may be interposed between a manipulator according to the examples described with reference to Figures 1a to 6b and 8a to 10c, and corresponding positioning receivers. But it may, in variants, have more than three transmitting and receiving connection pockets, to relay also clutch or release orders, in combination with manipulators according to Figures 7a, 7b and 11a, llb. Finally, it can be mounted between the isolation pockets 136 to 138 and 139 I 141 on the one hand, and on the other hand the bifurcation points of the tubes 142 to 144, in a control device according to FIG. 12.

 However, to suit a device equipped with a switching manipulator, there is provided a suitable variant of connectors, which is shown schematically in Figure 15.

This connector 171 switching channels, like that of the previous example, a single connector body, molded in one piece of a synthetic material, and consisting of two flaps 172 and 173, substantially rectangular seen in plan, hinged relative to each other substantially about an axis O, O 'by a flexible hinge 174 ,. one of the flaps constituting a base 172 for fixing the connector by any appropriate means, for example by elastic snapping, on a support
(not shown), while the other flap forms a cover 173 carrying removable fastening means, Xsal- ment of any known suitable type, such as snap-fastening hooks 175, for securing the cover 173 against the base 172, by snapping of these hooks 175 to -cXssus the edge of the base 172, the side opposite the hinge 174. Similarly, as in the previous example, each of the flaps 172 and 173 has, in its inner face, recesses or cavities in which are accommodated deformable pockets of corresponding shape, selectively abutting against each other, in the configuration of pressure transmission, when the connector 171 is closed by fixing the cover 173 against the base 172.

More specifically, as this connector 171 is intended to be mounted between, on the one hand, a manipulator with switching channels, such as that of Figure 12, comprising three deformable positioning transmitter pockets 145 to 147 and two deformable pockets emitting shutter 153 and 154, and, secondly, two controlled members1 such as left and right exterior mirrors of a motor vehicle, and each of which is positioned by the action of three deformable positioning receptor pockets, such as the 130 to 132 and 133 to 135 respectively in Figure 12, the flaps 172 and 173 house the following deformable pockets
the base 172 receives, on the side of its edge opposite the flexible hinge 174, six deformable pockets receiving receivers 176 to 181, each of which is in communication via a small volume channel with a small deformable pocket isolation respectively 182 to 187, these pockets being arranged symmetrically in groups of three on either side of the transverse central axis, perpendicular to the axis of articulation 0, O ', and, moreover, these strains are connected in three pairs of siretric pockets belonging to the two groups, the isolation pocket 182 being connected to the isolation pocket 187 by a channel 188 in the middle of which opens the downstream end of a tube 189 connecting to one of the emitting pockets positioning, such as the pocket 145 in Figure 12; similarly, the isolation pockets 183 and 186 are in communication with each other through a channel 190 into which the downstream end opens up a tube 191 for connection to another positioning transmitter pocket, such as the pocket 146 of the manipulator of Figure 12, and the isolation pockets 184 and 185 are in communication with each other through a channel 192 into which opens the downstream end of a tube 193 for connection to the third emitter pocket positioning system 147 of the manipulator of Figure 12; the connecting receptor pockets 176 I 181 are thus connected two by two to one of the three positioning transmitter pockets 145 to 147 respectively of the control manipulator through their isolation pocket 182 to 187 respectively, their channel 188, 190 or 192, and their connecting tube 189, 191 or 193, all of which extend perpendicular to the plane of the pockets and flaps of the connector.

 the cover 173 receives, on the side of its edge op-.

hinged 174, six connection emitter pockets 194 to 199, each of which is in communication by a connecting tube respectively 194a to 199a, with a corresponding positioning receptor pocket of the two mirrors; more precisely, the connection-emitting pockets 194 and 199, which are in the pressure-transmitting configuration, when the connector is closed, with respectively the connection-receiving pockets 176 and 181 connected to the same pocket 6 forming a device 1 * 5 cu manipulator of Figure 12, are respectively rac cordes through their connecting tube 194a and 199a positioning receptor 130 and 133 cormancant positions respectively in the same direction the positioning of the left and right mirrors; similarly, the pockets emitting this connection 195 and 198, in the configuration of pressure transmission when the connector 171 is closed, with respectively the receiving receptacle pockets 177 and 18C connected to the same positioning transmitter 146 of the manipulator of the fi lm 12, are respectively connected by their connecting tube 195a and 198a to the position receiving pockets 131 and 134 controlling the positioning in a second direction respectively of the right and left mirrors, and finally the connection emitter pockets 196 and 197, in the pressure transmission configuration with respectively the connecting receptor pockets 178 and 179, both connected to the same positioning transmitter pockets 147 of the manipulator, are respectively connected by their connecting tube 196a and 197a to the positioning receptor pockets 132 and 135 commanding in a third direction the positioning respe On the side of the hinge 174, the cover 173 also houses two sets of three shutter receiving pockets in series, the first set comprising the shutter receiving pockets 200, 201 and 202, connected in series. by small channels, and each at one of the three connecting emitter pockets 194 to 196 respectively which are on the same side of the transverse center axis of the connector, perpendicular to the axis O, O ', and symmetrically, the second set comprises the closing receptor pockets 203, 204 and 205 connected in series by said channels and each at one of the three connection emitter pockets 197 to 199, respectively, which are on the corresponding side of this axis transverse median of the connector 171. In addition, the central shutter receiving pocket 201 of the first set is com unicaticn by the connecting tube 206 with one of the two obtura emitting pockets The manipulator I switch channels, for example with the pocket 153 of the manipulator of FIG. 12, while the central closure receiving pouch 204 of the second set is in communication via the connecting tube 207 with the other dispensing bag. shutter 154 of the same manipulator. Finally, when the connector 171 is closed, the closing receptor pockets 200 to 205 are in the pressure transfer configuration with the isolation pockets 182 to 187, respectively.

 In this way, the connector 171 is closed, if the user tilts the manipulator 148 of Figure 12 to the left on this fiiaure, it compresses the dispensing bag 153, which flushes hydraulic fluid under pressure through the tube 206 to the filling receptor pockets 200 to 202, which inflate and compress respectively the isolation pockets 182 to 184. As a result, the receptor connection pockets 176 to 178 are isolated from the tubes 189, 191 and 193, and thus emitting pockets In other words, any compression of one of the positioning emitter pockets 145 to 147 of the manipulator results in a corresponding swelling of the corresponding bending receiving pocket 179 to 181. This increase in volume, one of the pockets 179 to 181 causes a decrease in volume of the corresponding connection emitting pocket 197 to 199, and therefore the transmission of hydraulic fluid under pres to the corresponding positioning receiver pocket 133 to 135 of the left mirror in FIG. 12, and the transmission of any positioning control command to the right mirror is impossible. Conversely, if the user tilts the manipulator 148 of FIG. 12 to the right, he compresses the shutter-emitting pouch 154, which inflates the shutter receiving pockets 203 to 205 by transfer of pressurized hydraulic fluid by the tube 207. The swelling of the pockets 203 8 205 causes the compression pockets 185 to 187 to be compressed and the volume to be reduced to a minimum value for any communication between the connection receptor pockets 179 to 181 and the tubes 189, 191 and 193 for connection to the three positioning transmitter pockets 14> to 147 of the manipulator. As a result, the connection receptor pockets 179 to 181 are isolated and can not change in volume, and consequently, only the connection emitter pockets 197 to 199, so that no right mirror positioning control order can not be transmitted to him. On the other hand, any compression of the positioning transmitter pockets 145 to 147 of the manipulator causes the corresponding connection receptor pockets 176 to 178 to swell, and thus a corresponding decrease in volume of the corresponding connection pockets 194 to 196, which transmits fluid under pressure to the corresponding positioning receptor pockets 130 to 133, to control the orientation of the right mirror.

 To allow access to the different connector pockets that correspond to one of the two mirrors, while maintaining the protection provided by the body of the connector 171 to the pockets corresponding to the other mirror, the cover 173 of the connector is subdivided into two halves 173a and 173b, adjacent along the transverse center axis of the connector 171, which is represented by dashed lines on the cover 173, each half of the latter carrying one of the two snap-fastening hooks 175 on the base 172.

 Comparing the connector of FIG. 15 with that of FIGS. 13 and 14, as well as with the control device of FIG. 12, it can be seen that the operating apertures 136 to 141 and the receiving pockets of FIG. 157 and 153 of the control device of FIG. 12, which are installed just upstream of the corresponding positioning receptor pockets 130 to 132 and 133 I 135 of the two mirrors and in the protective casings or housings of the latter, have been installed replaced respectively by these isolation pockets 182 to 187 and closure receiving pockets 200 to 205 disposed in the connector, respectively just upstream that receiving poles this connection 176 to 181, which correspond to the pockets 169 of the connector of the FIG. 14, and for the closing receptacle pockets 200 I 205, just in the vicinity of the connection emitter pockets 194 to 199, which correspond to the pockets 170 of the connector of FIG. 14.

 As a result, the switching connector of the channels of FIG. 15 has two advantages: it firstly makes it possible to reduce the length of the tubes connecting the shutter-emitting pockets to the shutter-receiving pockets, and especially it makes it possible to reduce the overall dimensions of the pockets directly necessary in the housing or mirror housing, these pockets being limited to positioning receptor pockets and possibly one or more clutch pockets or unlocking, as described herein. below with reference to Figures 1 & 18c.

 FIG. 16a schematically and partially shows a vehicle exterior mirror whose positioning is controlled by a hydraulic remote control device according to the invention, this rearview mirror being of the type shown in FIG. European Patent No. 0152219, with which it has many characteristics of structure, and it is advantageous to refer to the description.

of this European patent application for more detail on the mode of operation, which is almost identical to that of the mirror of Figure iGa. The latter ccrec a casing 210, curved to provide an aerodynamic trapped moincre and to limit, from the side of its concavity, a lcgement in which a mirror 211 is fixed by its rear face on a plate 212 cui is on the one hand retained by articulation members on a support 213 fixed inside the housing or housing 210, and secondly moved relative to the support 213 by three posi actuating receptors such as that identified as a whole 21 :.

This receiver essentially comprises a deformable positioning receiver pocket 215, connected by the connecting tube 216 directly or indirectly (via a connector as described above) to a positioning transmitter pocket of a manipulator. also as described above.The positioning receiving pocket 215 is disposed in a cylinder 217 fixed to the support 213 and having, on the side of the mirror 211, an axial guide bore of the smaller diameter portion of a piston stepped 218 whose larger diameter portion is received in the cylinder 217 and bears on the pocket 215 which itself bears against the support 213, so that if the volume of the pocket 215 increases, because of a compression of the corresponding positioning transmitter pocket, the piston 218 is pushed back to the mirror 211 and the plate 212, and it pushes itself these two elements outwards, which modifies mani corresponding to the orientation of the mirror 211 relative to the support 213 by the effect of the hinge means the latter comprise on the one hand a half-ball 219, housed in a central and hemispherical bowl 220 of the plate 212, and mounted around a rod 221 which passes through an orifice at the bottom of the bowl 220 and into an orifice of the support 213, and whose end closest to the casing 210 is integral with a radial cup 222. A coil spring this clamping plate 223 surrounds the rod portion 221 extending between the shank 213 and the housing 210, and this spring 223 is supported on one side against the support 213 and on the other against the cup 222, so that axially bias the rod 221 towards the housing 210, and thus the half-ball 219 cut the bowl 220 of the plate 212, which maintains the latter bearing against the piston 218 and repeats the latter against the pocket 215.other on the other hand, the means of articulation include those worn by contacting each other to maintain the mirror 211 in the occupied position after a displacement by the faction such receiving thumbs as 215, one of these two friction bearings being a spherical cap-shaped surface convex 224 presented by the plate 212 projecting towards the housing 210 and concentric with the half-ball 219, while the other friction surface is a concave spherical cap-shaped surface 225, presented by the support 213 projecting towards the mirror 211 and also concentric with the half-ball 219. In such an assembly, it is clear that the spring 223 has the effect of maintaining the friction surfaces 224 and 225 in contact with each other, which opposes a significant resistance to the control efforts of the pivoting of the plate 212 by the bowl 220 around the half-ball 219.And to remove or, at least, to reduce to a significant extent this distance to the pivoting mir 211 and its plate 212 relative to the support 213, the housing 210 has, facing the cup 222 and the end of the rod 221, a circular recess 226 (see Figure 16b) formed in a bulge 227 of the housing 210, and a resilient receiving pooperable flexible 228, is housed in the recess 226 and connected by a connecting tube 228a to a deformable deblocking bag, such as, for example, the pocket 112 of the manipulator from the figure'lla.

In this way, a compression on this clccace emitting pocket leads to a decrease in its volume, which causes directly or indirectly (by way of possibly a connector) an increase in the volume of the release receptor pocket 228, which has the effect of exerting on the cup 222 and the rod 221 an antaconistic effort to that of the spring 223, this tending to release any contact between, on the one hand, the half-ball 219 and the bowl 220, and, secondly, between the two bearing surfaces 224 and 225.

 This results in cue the pivoting of the bowl 220 of the plate 212 around the half-ball 219 and under the effect of increases in volume of the positioning receptor pockets 215 are facilitated. This device therefore has a very high sensitivity to control orders.

After releasing the unlocking emitter bag, the spring 223 compresses the unlocking receiving bag 228 and again ensures the rubbing contact between the bearing surfaces 224 and 225, and the half-ball 219 against the bowl 220, which mobilizes the mirror and his turntable in the position they occupied at that moment. In this device, the setting of the spring 223 makes it possible to obtain a greater or lesser friction between the bearing surfaces 224 and 225, and also eliminates any risk of vibration of the mirror 211 and its plate 212, while retaining a possibility of rEqlase very flexible, with little effort on the positioning pockets such as 215, when the device is disengaged by swelling of the unlocking bag 228.

 Figures 17a and 17b shows schematically and partiellemert a variant of the mirror of Figure 7a which differs essentially by the embodiment of the mechanisms of the release mechanism or clutch-clutcha-clutch. In this variant, a housing 23C is found in this rearview mirror, in which the mirror 231 is fixed on a plate 232 retained on a support 233 internal to the casing 230 by means of ball jointing means, as well as a convex friction bearing 234 5, in the form of a spherical cap, which surrounds the bearing surface 234 and is supported by the support 233, and projection to the plate 232. The particular features of this variant are that the concave bearing 235 is formed on the axially outer portion of the radially inner face of a skirt 236 which is, on the one hand, peripheral to the support 233 in the form of base arranged in circular disc, and secondly divided into curved and contiguous shutters and segments separated from each other by radial slots 237 formed in the skirt and regularly distributed s around an annular groove formed in the periphery of the circular base 233.In this groove is disposed the unlocking receiving pocket 238, which is a deformable pouch with variable volume and flexible wall, shaped boudin lengthened and curved in the groove so as to form a torus pocket in a nearly complete loop, connected to the deformable emitting bag or unlocking control by the connecting tube 238a at one end of the flange (see Figure 17b). When the unlocking bag emitter is compressed, the release reel 538 is inflated, which causes the radial flaps of the skirt 236 and the concave segments 235 to differ from the recess 234, and against the return elastic of these flaps and skirt segments in the initial position, because of the realization of the skirt of a suitable synthetic material.

Thus, the convex surface 234 is released from its pressure contact against the concave segments 235, which allows its relative movement with the plate 232 and the mirror 231 by the action of the positioning receivers, not shown, but also mounted in this case. rear view mirror between the base 233 and the plate 232. This variant has the advantage that it does not include the plate 221, the cup 222 and the spring 223 which are n case the previous example.

 FIGS. 18a-18c show another variant of a mirror with an unlocking or clutch-disengaging mechanism facilitating the action of the positioning receivers and having only two relatively wrinkle parts in addition to the unlocking receiver. a casing 240 in which the mirror 241 is fixed on a plate 22 with a thickened central portion 243, whose base 244 pans towards the casing 2'0 has a central and hemispherical boss 245, projecting towards the housing 240, and engaged in ball in a spherical cap shaped recess formed in a boss or bulge 245 projecting on the bottom of the housing 240. The side surface of the central portion 243 of the plate 242 forms a friction surface convex spherical cap 247 of the same center as the hemispherical boss 245, and which cooperates with a concave friction surface, discontinuously surrounding the convex reach 247, and bounded on the inner and concave faces, in spherical cap portions of fingers 248 evenly distributed around the bearing surface 247 and each integral with the car 240 by its thinned foot 249 which delimits, or is turned towards the convex range 247, an arcuate recess in the circumferential direction around the central portion 243 of the plate 242.In each of these recesses is looé one of the cylindrical and inflatable rolls 250 of a series of beads connected in series by de small channels 251 of small internal volume, as shown in Figure 18c, and which form the deformable pouch receiving deblocking of this device. The swelling of these strands 250 by compression of a transmitting bag or corresponding release control causes a radial spacing these fingers 248 against their elastic return, which ensures cooperation with the ccnvexe scope 247 and maintains the half ball 245 against the bottom of the recess of the bulge 246.The radial spacing of the fingers 24a frees the convex reach 247 of its support cut the portions of concave spans within the fingers 248, which facilitates the pivoting of the mirror 241 and of its plate 242 with respect to the casing 240, by the action of the positioning receivers housed for example against the fingers 248 and the periphery of the casing 240.

 In this example, the center O of the small radius hemispherical boss 245 is the center of this mirror rotation 241 and its plate 242, as well as the center of the convex surface 247 of large radius and the envelope of the portions of concave surface on the inner faces of the four or six fingers 248, whose radial stroke, although low during inflation of the pockets 250, is sufficient to make the central portion 243 movable by pivoting between the fingers 248.

Claims (5)

 1. Device of the type in which at least one controlled member (211) is retained on its support (213, 210) by ball joint means (219, 220, 224, 225) allowing, on the one hand, the blocking of the controlled member (221) in position relative to its support (213, 210) by friction against one another of at least two spans (224, 225) in the form of spherical caps of complementary curvatures and the same center of said articulation means, and which are applied against each other by a blocking pressure, and, secondly, the change of the orientation of the controlled member (211) relative to to its support (213, 210) under  the effect of the increase in volume of at least one  variable volume chillers (215) of position receivers  ment (214) interposed between said controlled member (211)  and its support (213, 210), characterized in that it comprises  at least one additional hydraulic circuit comprising a variable volume chamber release transmitter and  reach of the user and connected by a pipeline of  connection (228a) to at least one variable volume chamber (228) deblocking receiver, which is mounted on the  port (213, 210) so as to develop an antagonistic pressure at the blocking pressure in order to discard one of  the other said friction bearings (224, 225) by increasing  setting the volume of said variable volume chamber (228) of the unlocking receiver as a result of a decrease in the volume of said variable volume chamber of the unlocking transmitter.  2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said variable volume chambers of said deblocking transmitter and receiver each comprise at least one deformable bag with flexible wall (228) which is mounted directly in the manually operated control member for the unlocking transmitter, and retained in at least one imprint formed in the support (210) corresponding to the blocking receiver, the locking pressure being exerted elastically (223) on the friction surfaces (224, 225).  3. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, of the type wherein said ball joint means comprise a cei-ball (219) which is c an oart, engaged in a hemispherical housing (220) of a platinum (212) ) connected to the controlled member (211) and, secondly, a link member (221) to the support (213, 210), said connecting member traversing the func of the housing (220) and being biased by an elastic member (223) supported on one side on the support (213) and on the other side on the connecting arm (221) to exert said blocking pressure, characterized in that said variable volume chamber of the unlocking receiver is a deformable pocket  (228) disposed in a recess in the support  (210), so as to exert on said connecting member (221) a counteracting action to that of said elastic means (223) when the deformable bag of the unlocking receiver (228) is inflated by a decrease in volume of the volume chamber variable of the unlocking transmitter.  4. Device according to one of claims 1 or 2 of the type wherein said spherical cap-shaped surfaces (234, 235) of said ball joint means comprise a convex bearing (234). presented by a plate (232) connected to the controlled member (231), and cooperating with a concave surface (235) surrounding the convex surface and supported by a base (233) integral with the support (230), characterized in that the concave bearing (235) is formed on a peripheral skirt (236) subdivided into adjacent flap by radial slots (237) in the skirt (236) surrounding an annular groove of the base and containing the variable volume chamber of the receiver deblocking device which consists of a deformable pouch (238) with a flexible wall and a substantially toric shape, so that the swelling of said substantially toroidal pouch, in response to a release command from the unlocking transmitter, controls 'écartemen t radial shutters of the.  5.Dispositif according to one of claims 1 or 2, of the type wherein said spherical cap-shaped friction surfaces (248, 247) of said ball joint means comprise a convex bearing (21;) presented by a platinum (2'3) connected to the controlled member (241) and cooperating with a concave bearing which surrounds it and is presented by the support (240), characterized in that the convex reach (247) is arranged on the lateral surface external of said plate (243) whose bottom (244), on the opposite side to the controlled member (241), has a hemispherical boss (245) projecting towards the support (240), radius smaller than that of the scope convex (247), and forming a half-ball concentric to this convex range and engaged in a bowl (246) of the support (240), said half-ball being held in the rotational position in the bowl by the compression exerted on the convex reach (247) by a plurality of fingers (248) each of which supports the support (240) and surrounds the convex bearing surface (247) so as to define each a portion of the concave span which is discontinuous, and each finger (248) delimiting at its connecting portion (249). at the support (240), and on the side facing the platen (243), a recess extending circumferentially and in which is housed at least one of the inflatable pockets (250) in the form of a strand of strands connected in series by low internal volume conduits (251), and which form the variable volume chamber of the unlocking receiver, so that the swelling of the strands, in response to an unlock command from the corresponding transmitter, causes a radial spacing of the fingers (248) against their return elast: o'e naturei, to release the convex door (247) and allow a rotation of the plate (243) by its half-ball joint (245) ) on the support (240), under the action of the posi t receivers ioning. skirt (236) with respect to the convex surface (234) and against their elastic return, specific to the material constituting the Jube, in order to at least partially release the convex surface (234) from its blocking positively. by the concave bearing (235) of the skirt and allowing its relative movement under the action of the positional receivers