FR2618368A1 - SAFETY DEVICE FOR A DRUM CUTTING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

For the realization of a drum cutting machine for the reduction into small pieces of sugar beets consisting of a cutting drum mounted on bearings in a casing so as to be able to turn and comprising boxes with blades and blades which are fixed to it , the cutting drum containing a narrowing cutting channel and connected to a foreign body discharge opening located at the end and accessible by a door which is mounted on bearings so as to be able to pivot and apply, by its edge located at the rear in the direction of rotation, against a stop mounted in a fixed position at the height of a counter blade which defines with the blades the passage interval, the door being held in the closed position and pivoting under the action of a foreign body entering the cutting channel to move away from its closed position and to build the machine in such a way that it is certain that even small foreign bodies s cause the forced opening of the door and, preferably, the disabling of the drum drive device, the edge 18 of the door 6 which is turned towards the blades 3 near the counter blade 15 comprises an extension 19 which is oriented in alignment with the surface of the anvil blade 15 determining the passage interval, which extends in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cutting drum and whose edge 20 faces towards the cutting channel 4 is at a certain distance from the edge of the anvil blade 15.

Description

- 1 -

  The invention relates to a drum cutting machine.

  for the reduction into small pieces of agricultural products

  them, especially sugar beets, which

  killed by a cutting drum which is mounted on bearings in an envelope so that it can rotate and is driven by a motor and which comprises boxes

  blades and blades attached to them, parts of pa-

  king connected to the frame forming, inside the cutting drum, a cutting channel which narrows in the form of a spiral and which is connected to an opening of

  loading of products located approximately at the

  purpose and a foreign body discharge opening, located at the end and accessible by a door which ensures the discharge of foreign bodies and which is part of the wall defining the cutting channel, is mounted on bearings so as to be able pivot forward around an axis parallel to the axis of rotation and applies,

  by its edge located furthest back in the direction

  tion of rotation, against a stop mounted on a fixed post - at the height of a counter blade which delimits the passage interval between it and the blades transported by the

  drum, the door being moreover kept in posi-

  closing by a hydraulic cylinder in which the pressure can be relieved by means of an end switch when, under the action of a foreign body arriving in the channel, the door pivots to move away

from its closed position.

  The cutting machines used so far are left so that the door opens, in particular

  by disengaging the drive motor, when

  that a large foreign body arrives at the ex-

  end of the cutting channel. The foreign body then pushes the door out of its closed position and, therefore, activates the end switch which removes the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder ensuring the maintenance -2-

  and, preferably, deactivates the device.

  dragging the cutting drum. In the current state of the art, small foreign bodies are unable to push the door out of its closed position, but enter the space between the counter blade and the blades of the cutting drum. . These small foreign bodies can only pass through this interval by deforming the drum, which can have the effect of damaging

  on the one hand the drum and on the other hand the corresponding blades

  laying. Even when foreign bodies have di-

  slightly larger dimensions and the door can be pushed further out of its closed position, these

  foreign bodies are placed just in front of the interval

  limited by the counter blade and by the rotating blades, so that by continuing to rotate even after setting

  out of action of its centering device, the tam-

  bour can bring these foreign bodies into the

  tervalle which is delimited by the counter blade and by the

  blades and where they can cause damage.

  From this state of the art, the object of the invention is the production of a device of the type initially defined which gives the guarantee that even the

  small foreign bodies cause the

  forced opening of the door and, preferably, the deactivation of the drum drive device0 This object is achieved, according to the invention, because

  that the device comprises, at the edge of the door

  which is turned towards the blades and is located near

  tee of the counter blade, an extension which is oriented at least substantially in alignment with the surface of the counter blade delimiting the passage interval,

  which extends in the opposite direction to the direction of rota-

  tion of the cutting drum and whose edge facing the cutting channel is at a certain distance from the edge of -3-

the counter blade.

  The principle of the invention is to produce, in front of the interval delimited by the counter blade and

  by the rotating blades, a kind of delay zone

  ment which, even in the event of the arrival of foreign bodies of small dimensions, causes the door to open and thereby ensures the actuation of the end switch. The device according to the invention offers the guarantee that the foreign bodies of small dimensions in question, even before reaching the interval understood

  between the counter blade and the blades, arrive on the pro-

  along the door, so that the door is lifted by a sufficient amount, for example 3 mm, which causes the actuation of the end switch

  which, on the one hand, removes the pressure in the hy-

  hydraulics ensuring the maintenance and, on the other hand, preferably stops the drum drive motor. This

  provision provides certainty that even foreign bodies

  small people can exit through the door

  open and, therefore, cannot cause ava-

drum and / or blade ries.

  It is preferable that the extension be made up

  at least partially, in the area of its anterior edge

laughing, by a wear strip.

  It is also preferable that this extension has a length substantially equal to the distance included.

between two neighboring blades.

  The length of the extension or the distance which separates it from the interval between the counter blade and the blades can in any case be fixed at will, on the simple condition that the point of opening of the door is very far from the counter blade. It turned out that a distance substantially equal to half the distance between the blades of the cutting drum

is sufficient..

  - 4- The invention is described below in more detail by means of an exemplary embodiment in

referring to the drawing.

  Figure 1 schematically shows a drum cutting machine. Figure 2 shows, on a larger scale, the

Part II of Figure 1.

  FIG. 3 represents, in a simplified form,

  the same part in its open position.

  The drum cutting machine I for the reduction into small pieces of agricultural products, in particular sugar beets, is essentially constituted by a cutting drum which is mounted on a bearing in

  an envelope so that it can rotate and is fully

  born by in engine and which includes boxes with blades 2

  and blades 3 which are attached thereto. Inside the drum

  cutting edge, wall parts attached to the frame

  a cutting channel which goes into a spiral shape and which is connected to an opening 5 of

  loading of products located approximately at the

  purpose and a foreign body discharge opening located at its final end. The evacuation opening

  foreign bodies is accessible through a door 6 of

  evacuation of foreign bodies which is part of the wall 7 which delimits the cutting channel 4. The door 6 is mounted on bearings so as to be able to rotate

  forward around an axis 8 parallel to the axis of ro-

  tation of the cutting drum. At its edge which is furthest back in the direction of the

  rotation, it is applied against a fixed stop 9 cons-

  bitten by a cam. Door 6 is kept closed

  by a hydraulic cylinder 10 which, by opposing the form-

  that of a return spring 11, pushes a roller 12 against the stop 9, so that the closed position is maintained. In the figure, the cylinder guide part -5 -

  hydraulic and the hydraulic connection are designated res-

  pectively by the references 13 and 14. The fixed stop

  is adjustable and is part of a counter blade 15 which delimits

  mites the passage interval between the blades 3 and the counter blade 15. The hydraulic cylinder 10 can be actuated by means of an electrical end switch 16 which can be controlled by a switching cam 17 fixed to the

  door 6o The operating mode of the ex-

end 16 is as follows:

  When door 6, under the action of a foreign body

  ger rather large dimensions arriving in the cutting channel 4, leaves the closed position shown in Figure 2, the switching cam 17 securely

  connected to the door releases the electrical switch 16.

  This, on the one hand, removes the pressure in the cylinder

  hydraulic 10 and, on the other hand, stops the drive motor

  dragging the cutting drum. As a result, the port-

  te 6 rotates to the left of the figure to place itself in a position like that indicated by, for example, the

figure 3.

  In this position, the foreign body can escape.

  per in the evacuation space passing through the

valley cleared by door 6.

  In the case of foreign bodies of relative dimensions

  tively small, this operating mode of the door under the action of the end switch 16 is obtained by the fact that the edge 18 of the door 6 which is turned towards the blades 3 near the counter blade 15 comprises a extension 19 which is oriented at least substantially in alignment with the surface of the counter blade 15 delimiting the passage interval, which extends in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cutting drum and the edge of which facing the cutting channel is a fair distance from the edge of the counter blade i'5 -6

  this distance can be equal for example to me-

  due to the distance between the blades of the cutting drum. It is advantageous for the extension to consist, at least in the area of arrival of foreign bodies, of a wear strip 20. Due to this arrangement according to the invention, a foreign body of relatively small dimensions can no longer reach the counter-blade 15 and also cannot enter the interval delimited by the counter-blade and the blades 3,

  because this small foreign body can meet

  very much t8t the advanced edge of the door 6, for example in the area of the wear strip 20. As soon as the foreign body has reached this point, it follows that the roller 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 10 ensuring the maintenance is, under the action of the oblique-walled stop, pushed

  to the left of the figure and at the same time the

  electric end switch 16 is released from the cam

  this switching 17 (it suffices for this that the door opens

  3 mm), after which the pressure is removed in the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the door can pivot inwards. At the same time, the electric drive for the cutting drum is switched off,

  so that the drum still turns, but without being

exhausted.

  The invention is not limited to the example of realization

  tion described, but may be subject to multiple modifications

  cations without departing from the scope of the invention.

  All the new features mentioned

  individually or in combination in the description and / or on

  the drawing are considered part of the

ventiono -7

Claims (1)

  1. Drum cutting machine for the reduction of small pieces of agricultural products, in particular sugar beets, which consists of a cutting drum which is mounted on bearings in an envelope so as to be able to rotate and is driven by a motor and which comprises disks with blades and blades attached thereto, wall parts connected to the frame forming, inside the cutting drum, a cutting channel which narrows in the form of a spiral and which is connected to a product loading opening located approximately at the start and a foreign matter discharge opening, located at the end and accessible by a yes door, ensures the evacuation of   foreign bodies and which is part of the wall delimi-   both the cutting channel, and mounted on ma-   nièere à.p ability to pivot forward around an axis parallel to the axis of rotation and applies by its edge located furthest back-in the direction of rotation, against a stop mounted at a fixed position at the height of a counter-lane which delimits the passage interval between. she and the blades carried by   the drum, the door being held in place by wing   closing position by a hydraulic cylinder in the-   which pressure can be removed by means of a   end mutator when, under the action of a foreign body arriving in the channel, the door pivots to deviate from its closed position, characterized in that the edge (18) of the door (6) which is turned towards   the blades (3) near the counter blade (15)   carries an extension (19) which is oriented at least   substantially in line with the surface of the container   tre-lame (15) delimiting 1, passage interval, which extends in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation   of the cutting drum and whose edge (20) turns leca-   cutting nal (4) is at a certain distance from the edge of the counter blade (15).   2o drum cutting machine according to claim 1,   characterized in that the extension (19) is constituted   killed at least partially, in the region of its front edge, by a wear strip (20).   3O Drum cutting machine according to one of claims   1 or 2, characterized in that the extension (19) has a length substantially equal to the distance between two neighboring blades (3)   4o drum cutting machine according to one of claims   1 to 3, characterized in that the end switch (16) is a switch for switching off the drum drive motor