FR2617798A1 - Parachute of the flexible, box-structure wing type - Google Patents

Abstract

Parachute with multicellular wing form, of the flying wing type, comprising an upper wall or upper surface linked to a lower wall or undersurface by vertical walls or ribs, in order to delimit substantially parallel box sections which are open at the leading edge, and risers as well as control shrouds linked to the wing form, characterised in that in a cross-section T, the cross-section l, h of the various box sections varies from the centre towards the lateral edges.

Description

PARACHUTE OF THE FENDER-WINGED CAISSON TYPE
The present invention relates to a parachute of the flexible wing type with
boxes, having a cellular structure constituting a wing
gliding, generally called a paraglider.

We already know such parachutes, constituted by a planing wing
formed by a higher flexible speech connected to a flexible speech
lower by vertical ribs. to form channels, or
caissons, at molns owerts forward at the leading edge. They understand
also lines attached to the speech verbot lower than the drolt
ribs. Said lines used for securing a load, such as
that a paratrooper, who by pulling on control drlsses directs
the wing by deformation of this one. Such wings are commonly
called paragliders and are for example described in patents
French N 2 234 188, N 2 490 587.

These parachutes have a wing profile of a certain thickness, and the air,
that it enters the open boxes at their leading edge gives its shape
to the vollure, and lul confers a certalne rigidity. During the descent, the air
accumulates in the boxes forms a statlonal presslon zone at the
level of the leading edge, reconstituting alnsl the profile of celul-cl, and
the whole behaves like a complete wing.

In the parachutes of the art collector, the transverse dimensions
different boxes in a transverse plane, are identical. Alnsl,
in a cross section, the height "h" of the different boxes is
constant, as well as the width T. Each of the boxes therefore has in a
cross section the same section; We can also note that in the 'parachutes of types known to date the length of the boxes "L" is
constant. Alnsl each of the different boxes to the same length "L".

Also the known wings do not have a very aerodynamic profile
good, and their lift and reliability ialsse to be desired.

The present invention therefore seeks to remedy these drawbacks, by
proposing a paraglider with quite aerodynamic qualltes
exceptional, with increased lift and reliability, and whose
maneuvering possibilities are significantly improved.

Thus the parachute type paraglider according to the invention comprises a
upper floor or upper surface, connected to lower floor or lower surface
by substantially vertical words or ribs, to delimit
substantially parallel boxes open at the leading edge, and
lines and control halyards connected to the wing, said
parachute being characterized in that in a cross section, the
transverse section of the different caissons varies from the center to the
side edges.

 According to one of the characteristics, the variation in section is advantageously decreasing continuously.

 According to a variant, only the width of the boxes varies, while the height is constant. Alnsl in a cross section the different boxes do not have the same width.

 According to another variant, only the height varies, while the width is constant. Thus in a cross section the different boxes do not have the same height.

 According to an additional characteristic, the length of the various boxes decreases from the center towards the lateral edges.

 Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which will be given with reference to the appended drawings, which are given only by way of nonlimiting examples.

 Figures 1 to 3 show a first mode of reallsatlon of a parachute according to the invention.

 Figure 1 is a perspective view.

 Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a box.

 FIG. 2a is a partial view in section along TT of FIG. 2.

 Figure 3 is a front view of a half wing.

 Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing a second embodiment.

 Figure 5 is a top view of a half wing of a third embodiment.

Figures 6, 7 and 8 shows a preferred variant of the invention
Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 1.

 Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 4.

 Figure 8 is a top view on another scale.

 The parachute according to the invention comprises, in a manner known per se, a flexible upper floor or upper surface (1) connected to a lower flexible floor or lower surface (2), by substantially vertical ribs (3) delimiting boxes (4) also called cells. or nozzles, open towards the front or leading edge ((11), and closed at the rear or trailing edge (12). The air entering the boxes (4) gives its shape to the airfoil1 and lul The parachute includes, among other things, lines (5) connecting the airfoil to, for example a harness (6) intended to hold a load, such as a paratrooper (13). The lines are advantageously connected to the speech below the level of the ribs (5).

In addition the parachute includes control drlsses (7) connected to the trailing edge (12) allowing the parachutist (13) to deform the wing and thus to steer to move in the air.

The parachute according to the invention comprises for example nine boxes, it will be presented as such, but it could be otherwise, and include any number of boxes, without departing from the scope of the invention. Indeed it could include for example seven or eight boxes. In addition, the parachute shown has on each side edge (9) a stabilizer (10), but this is only an advantageous arrangement, and the parachute according to the invention may not have these lateral stabilizers. closed on the outside is inflated by penetration of the air contained in the last lateral box
Each box can advantageously be divided into two cells (O) by an inter-box membrane (8), and the parachute shown by way of example will be as such, but 11 could be otherwise and contain no menbrane.

 According to the first embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 1 and 3, it is the width "l" of the boxes which varies. Thus in a cross section along a transverse plane "T" the width of the boxes "l" is not constant, as in the prior art. Advantageously, the width "1" of the boxes decreases from the longitudinal plane of symmetry "P" going towards the lateral edges (9). FIG. 3 shows the right side of a half wing with nine calissons, of plane of symmetry (P), in a cross section of plane T. According to this embodiment, the distribution of the widths is such that the width "11" is greater than the width "12" itself greater than the width "13", itself greater than the width "14", which itself is greater than the width "15". So we can write: "11"> "12"> "13"> "14"> "15". We can for example have a reduction coefficient of 0.97, and in this case we have: "12" equal to 0.97 times "11", "13" equal to 0.97 times "12", "14" equal to 0.97 times "13", "15" equal to 0.97 times "14". The variation may be of constant coefficient, as described and shown, but also variable, that is to say not necessarily be the same for each of the boxes.

According to another embodiment shown in Figure 4, it is the height "h" of the boxes which varies. Thus in a cross section along a transverse plane "T" the height of the boxes "h" is not constant, as in the prior art. Advantageously, the height "h" of the boxes decreases from the longitudinal plane of symmetry "P" going towards the lateral edges (9). Figure 4 shows the drolt side of a half wing with nine boxes4 of plane of symmetry (P), in a cross section of plane T. According to this embodiment, the height distribution is such that the height "h1" is greater than the height "h2" itself greater than the height "h3", itself greater than the height "h4", which itself is greater than the height "h5", So we can write: "h1">"h2">" h3 ">" h4 ">" h5 ". We can for example have a reduction coefficient of 0.97, and in this case we have: "h2" equal to 0.97 times "h1", "h3" equal to 0.97 times "h2", "h4" equal to 0.97 times "h3", "h5" equal to 0.97 times "h4". As previously shown, the variation represented is constant and continuous, but could be variable, without however departing from the scope of the invention.
According to another alternative embodiment of the parachute according to
the invention is the length "L" of the boxes which varies. Thus in longitudinal sections, the length of the boxes "L" is not constant, as in the prior art. Advantageously, the length "L" of the boxes decreases from the longitudinal plane of symmetry "P" going towards the lateral edges (9). Figure 5 shows the drolt side of a half wing with nine boxes, of plane of symmetry (P). According to this embodiment, the length distribution is such that the width "L1" is greater than the width "L2" itself greater than the width "L3", itself greater than the width "L4", which itself is greater than the width "L5". So we can write: "L1">"L2">"L3">"L4">"L5". We can for example avolr a reduction coefftcient of 0.97, and in this case we have: "L2" equal to 0.97 times
L1 "," L3 "equal to 0.97 times" L2 "," L4 "equal to 0.97 times" L3 "," L5 "equal to 0.97 times" L4 ".

 The embodiment shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8 is a preferred variant which includes both the features of the embodiment shown in Figure 3, the features of the embodiment shown in Figure 4, and the features of embodiment shown in Figure 5. Thus according to this variant, there is both variation of the cross sections, and variation in length. This embodiment is therefore such that: "11"> "12"> "13"> "14"> "15" and "h1"> "h2"> "h3"> "h4"> "h5", and "L1"> "L2"> "L3"> "L4"> "L5".

 It would not go beyond the scope of the invention if we only combined the characteristics of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. We could also combine only the characteristics of the realling modes of FIGS. 3 and 4, or the characteristics of the realization of Figures 4 and 5.

 Obviously, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown by way of examples, but it also includes all the technical equivalents and their combinations.

Claims (10)

 1) Parachute with multicellular flange, of the planing wing type, comprising, an upper floor or upper surface (1) connected to a lower wall or lower surface (2) by vertical lyrics or ribs (3), to delimit boxes (4) substantially parallels open to the leading edge (1 1), and lines (5) as well as control halyards (7) relled to the airfoil, characterized in that in a cross section T, the cross section (1, h ) of the different boxes (4) varies from the center to the side edges (9).  2) Parachute according to claim 1, characterized in that the variation is continuous.  3) Parachute according to any one of claims 1 and 2> characterized in that the width of the boxes "1" varies.  4) Parachute according to claim 3, characterized in that the width of the boxes "l" decreases.  5) Parachute according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the height of the boxes "h" varies.  6) Parachute according to claim 5, characterized in that the height of the boxes "h" decreases.  7) Parachute according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length "L" of the different boxes (4) varies.  8) Parachute according to claim 7, characterized in that the length decreases.  9) Parachute according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each calsson (4) is divided into two cells (80) by an Intercaisson membrane (8).  10) Parachute according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the variation in section and / or in length is made according to a constant or variable reduction coefficient.