FR2609538A1 - PERCUSSION DEVICE FOR A FIREARM, FOR ADAPTING TO TWO AMMUNITIONS OF DIFFERENT SIZES - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a percussion device making it possible to adapt to two munitions of different calibres, of which one has central percussion and the other annular percussion. According to the invention, the device comprises: - a cylindrical seat (7) mounted rotatably in the body (1) of the firearm; - a striker (11) which can slide in a stepped recess of the cylindrical seat (7) and the axis (13) of which is parallel to the axis of rotation (9) of the cylindrical seat, but offset in relation to this; - a transverse stop pin (16) which is mounted in the cylindrical seat (7) and against which the striker (11) bears by means of a spring (17); - a locking member mounted transversely in the body and capable of locking the cylindrical seat (7) in either one of the two positions of the latter. The invention is used particularly for percussion devices on revolvers and pistols with an interchangeable barrel.

Description

The present invention relates to a percussion device for a weapon

  on fire, in particular for revolvers or pistols $ for adapting to two ammunition of different calibres, and more particularly to two ammunitions one of which is centrally percussive and the other is to be

annular cussion.

  The problem of percussion does not arise when

  that it is about two ammunition with central percussion, since the striker can in this case keep the same

  regardless of the type of ammunition used.

  It is quite different when one wishes to use with the same weapon ammunition of smaller caliber, which are with annular percussion, such as

  Long Rifle 22 caliber ammunition (approximately 5.5 mm).

  We could of course avoid the difficulty of using

  two different weapons, but it is well known that the shooter prefers to use a single weapon

  to keep the same feelings.

  To adapt the barrel part, in particular with the revolvers, the ammunition change implies either a

  change of the barrel itself for international cannon

  changeable, ie the use of a reducing tube,

  troduced into the original barrel and usually fixed using

of a stirrup.

  The adaptation of the other components of the weapon to

  to switch to a ring percussion mode is more comple-

  xe, because it is necessary to adapt the percussion device and / or

the barrel of the revolver.

  Several solutions have been proposed to adapt

  only the barrel, in order to keep the same

  positive percussion, but such an assumption leads

  to complex and generally unsatisfactory

  cient. It has thus been proposed to use a special piece for ring percussion, in the form of a piece of

  barrel with sliding strikers, said piece of barrel-

  let being mounted behind the ejector (see for example US Patent No. 2,150,914); each sliding striker has at its front end an eccentric spigot

  making it possible to perform annular percussion. The pre-

  the presence of such a removable piece, which moreover falls during the ejection of the sockets, is unsatisfactory both at

  level of manufacturing cost than at the level of

practice.

  Related systems have also been proposed with

  false cartridge (reducing cartridge) and percussion

  incorporated, but such systems are

  the same disadvantages as those just mentioned. It has also been proposed to use a special cylinder with smaller diameter bent chambers (see, for example, French Patent Application No. 2,505,476): the inclination of the rear part of the chambers (from 4 to 5 degrees) makes it possible to Automatically present the base of the ammunition in annular percussion position. However, besides the use of a special rider for its assembly, the machining of such a cylinder is difficult and involves a

  significant additional cost of manufacture.

  Other solutions have been proposed for adapting the barrel using a rear barrel block whose chambers are axial but of smaller diameter, thanks to a two-position oscillating striker associated with a two-pass seat (see for example the patent American No. 976,638). The striker proper can rotate around a transverse axis, in order to occupy either a high position for the central percussion, or a -3-

  low position for ring percussion. Such a con-

  This involves the production of structural parts

  plex, whose manufacturing cost is high, and whose reliability is unsatisfactory due to the many manufacturing tolerances.

  When it comes to a gun, it is traditional

  tionally to the change of the breech, barrel and recuperator spring. A complete conversion kit is proposed, the cost of which is relatively high because of the

  number of parts to be changed, the most expensive being

weary.

  The object of the invention is to propose a device

  percussion tif for firearm to pass

  easily from central percussion to annular percussion

  the structure is simple and offers great reliability. In the case of revolvers, the invention aims to propose a percussion device mounted on the carcass

  revolver, and allowing the use of conventional barrels

  with linear reduced axial chambers.

  In the case of pistols, the invention aims to pro-

  put a percussion device mounted on the cylinder head of the revolver, and to keep the same cylinder head for

  the two types of ammunition used.

  It is more particularly a device

  firearm percussion, in particular for revolu-

  worm or pistol, to adapt to two ammunition

  of different calibres, one of which is percussive

  trale and the other is annular percussion, characterized in that it comprises: - a cylindrical seat rotatably mounted in a bore of the carcass or the breech of the weapon, and whose axis of rotation is parallel to the axis of the barrel of said weapon; -4-

  a striker slidable in a cylindrical recess

  staggered drique of the cylindrical seat, whose axis is

  parallel to the axis of rotation of said cylindrical seat

  that but offset from it; - An abutment member mounted transversely in the cylindrical seat, and against which the striker is held in support in the retracted position by an elastic means such as spring or the like, - a locking member mounted transversely in the carcass or the cylinder head. weapon, and likely to lock the cylindrical seat in one or the other

  two positions of it, corresponding to one person

  central or ring percussion.

  According to a first variant, the cylindrical seat

  transverse drilling, the central part of which

  the outlet in the stepped cylindrical recess of said

  sitting, said transverse piercing serving to receive the or-

  stop of striker; in particular, the body of

  stopper is a pin passing through a notch of

tor.

  According to another variant, the cylindrical seat has a peripheral groove, part of which opens

  in the stepped cylindrical recess of said seat, the

  said peripheral groove for receiving the stop member of the striker. Preferably, the abutment member is an elastic ring, a portion of which passes through a notch

  striker; in particular, the elastic ring sensitively

  the shape of a horseshoe, with a central branch

  rectilinear tread passing through the notch of the firing pin.

  Depending on the case, the notch of the striker presents a

  bottom extending to the rear end of the

  tor, or a rear edge defining a bottom of which -5-

  length is slightly greater than the axial

  said striker. Preferably, the striker comprises a cylindrical main body extending forwardly towards a percussion rod, the notch of the striker being formed on said main body; in particular, a spring surrounds the portion of the percussion rod of the firing pin which is inside the enlarged portion of

  the stepped cylindrical recess of the seat.

  According to an advantageous characteristic, the locking member of the cylindrical seat is a screw received

  in a through thread of the carcass or

  tired of the weapon, and whose end is supported against the seat for locking said seat in one of the two positions thereof. In particular, the seat

  cylindrical externally presents two lateral facets

  planes against one or the other of which may be

  bend the head of a flathead screw, or two conical recesses, in either of which can

  be received the head of a needle screw.

  Preferably, the front end of the seat cy-

  lindrique is a shoulder received in a circular recess

  partner in the carcass or breech of

  tear; in particular, the shoulder has two

  peripheral devices to enable the rotation of

  the cylindrical seat with the help of an associated tool.

  In general, it is interesting to

  see that the passage for the cylindrical seat of a posi-

  percussion to the other is done by a rotation of

    said seat around its axis.

  Other features and advantages of the invention

  will become clearer in the light of the

  following description and accompanying drawings, concerning - 6--

  a particular embodiment, with reference to the

  for which the letter A indicates that the representative

  tion is concerned with a central percussion mode, and the

  B indicates that the representation concerns an annular percussion mode: FIG. 1A is a partial sectional view illustrating a

  switchable percussion device according to the invention

  with a revolver, FIG. 2A is a view along II of FIG. 1A, of which

  the barrel and its sheath and the barrel have been removed.

  1b of the revolver, in order to distinguish the shoulder side of the percussion device; FIG. 3A is a section along III-III of FIG. 1A, the transverse stop pin and the sliding firing pin being removed, the section being offset to passing through the axis of the transverse locking screw; FIGS. 1B, 2B, 3B are the corresponding views,

  after turning the percussion device

  to move into the annular percussion position; FIG. 4A is a partial sectional view illustrating a variant of the percussion device of FIG. 1A,

  in which on the one hand the cross pin of bu-

  is replaced by an elastic ring, and on the other hand the locking is ensured by a needle screw,

  FIG. 5A is a view along V of FIG. 4A, analogous

  Fig. 6A is a section on VI-VI of Fig. 4A; Figs. 4B, 5B, 6B are the corresponding views in the annular percussion position; Fig. 7A is a view. partial section illustrating

  a switchable percussion device in accordance with the

  8A is a section along VIII-VIII of FIG. 7A, illustrating the bolt of the revolver equipped with its percussion device, and in no way needing to be replaced when changing the type. of ammunition used, - Figures 7B and 8B are the corresponding views,

  after turning the device of 180

  cussion to go into annular percussion position.

  In the partial sectional view of FIG. 1A, there is a revolver comprising a carcass 1, a

  sleeve or sheath 2, and a barrel 3 whose end

  it is screwed onto the carcass 1. This is a

  volver of the interchangeable barrel type, that is to say for which there is provided a set of several barrels and sheaths

  associated to modify the caliber and / or the length

  but it goes without saying that the invention is in no way limited to this type of firearm,

  will be clear from the rest of the description. The

  revolver is equipped with a barrel 4 whose axial chambers

  the 5 receive ammunition such as bullet 6 of the central percussion type; it may be for example munitions 7.65 mm or 9 mm. When one

  wish to use this revolver with ammunition

  annular cussion, the barrel 3 is replaced by a gun 3 'adapted to the caliber of this new ammunition, the same for the barrel which is replaced by a barrel 4' whose 5 'chambers can receive a munitbn 6', such for example that a 22-gauge Long Rifle ammunition (approximately, 5 mm). It goes without saying that one could use a reducing tube (not shown here) threaded inside the barrel if it is a revolver that is not of the exchangeable barrel type. The revolver equipped with the 3 'gun

  and the barrel 4 'is illustrated in FIG. 1B.

-8-

  The description will now focus on the

  percussion system itself, which allows

  adapt to two ammunition of different caliber, one of which

  is a center fire (ammunition 6, Figure 1A) and the

  is annular percussion (ammunition 6 ', Figure 1b). We thus distinguish a cylindrical seat 7 rotatably mounted in a bore 8 of the carcass 1, and whose axis

  rotation 9 is parallel to the axis 10 of the barrel revolver.

  The percussion device also comprises a striker slidable in a stepped cylindrical recess 12 of the seat 7; the axis 13 of the striker 11 is parallel to the axis of rotation 9 of the cylindrical seat, but it is offset relative thereto. The firing pin 11 comprises a cylindrical main body 14 extending forwardly by a striking rod 15. There is provided a body of

  abutment, which is here a cylindrical pin 16 mounted trans-

  versally in the cylindrical seat 7, stop member

  against which the striker 11 is held in support in po-

  retracted version (the one shown in FIGS.

  1B) by an elastic means such as a spring 17. The pin

  the 16 is housed in a transverse bore 18 whose central portion opens into the stepped cylindrical recess 12 of the seat 7, as this is better visible on the

  detail of Figure 3A. The pin 16 passes into a

  check mark 19 of the striker 11, said notch presenting here

  a bottom extending to the rear end of the

  cuteur. It goes without saying that one could provide a notch having a rear flange defining a bottom whose length is slightly greater than the axial stroke of the striker but, given the space requirement resulting from the cylindrical stop pin 16, it is simpler to provide a notch bottom opening in the manner of a flat, as is illustrated in Figures 1A and 1B. Thus, the striker 11 is, in its natural position, in support

  against pin 16; at the moment of percussion, the person

  cutter leaves its support, and the impact rod 15 frap-

  eg the base of the ammunition protruding from the front face of the cylindrical seat 7. The seat of the percussion device may occupy

  two basic positions, one being allocated to percussion

  center (Figure 1A), while the other is assigned to ring percussion (Figure 1B). We move from one to the other of these two positions simply by

  turn the seat 7 around its axis 9, preferably se-

  at an angle of 180. It is naturally necessary to provide a locking member to properly lock the cylindrical seat 7 in one or other of these two positions. As is visible on the

  FIGS. 3A and 3B, the cylindrical seat 7 is exteriorly

  two flat lateral facets 20, against which one or the other of which the head of a screw can be applied.

  flat head 21. Thus, to move from a position of per-

  cussion to the other, simply unscrew the screw 21, and turn the seat 7 of 180 so that the striker 11 is instantly in central percussion position or in

  annular percussion position. As this is visible

  In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the front end of the cylindrical seat 7 is in the form of a shoulder 22 received in an associated circular recess in the carcass 1 of the weapon. It is then advantageous to provide that the shoulder 22 has two peripheral notches

  23, only visible in FIGS. 2A and 2B, for

  to operate the rotation of the cylindrical seat 7 to

  using an associated tool, such as a wrench.

  So when the user wants to go from one

  central percussion mode to an annular percussion

  first, he dismantles the barrel and the barrel,

  giving access to the front of the device

  cussion, and more particularly to the lugs of the shoulder of the cylindrical seat. He then unscrews the screw 21,

  then rotates the cylindrical seat 7 of 180, and rests

  tighten the screw 21 when the cylindrical seat is in its

  new position corresponding to that illustrated in the

  gures 1B, 2B, 3B. It is then enough for him to go up a

  rillet and a barrel corresponding to the new caliber, and

  the revolver is ready for its new use.

  It goes without saying that various modifications can be made to the components of the percussion device of the invention, and in particular to the stop member against which the striker is held in abutment, and

  than the locking device which makes it possible to block

  cylindrical in a predetermined position. The

  Figures 4A, 5A and 6A illustrate such possible variations.

  The percussion device thus comprises a seat cv-

  lindrique 24 differing from the seat 7 in that it comprises a peripheral groove 25 a part of which opens

  in the stepped cylindrical recess 30 of said seat, la-

  said peripheral groove for receiving the stop member 26 of the striker, which is here an elastic ring including a

  central portion passes into a notch 27 of the firing pin 28.

  As is best seen in Figure 6A, the elastic ring 26 has substantially the shape of a horseshoe,

  with a rectilinear central branch 29 passing through the

  check mark 27 of the striker 28. Note that here the notch 27 of

  striker 28 has a rear flange 31 (Figure 6A) de-

  finishing a notch bottom whose length is slightly

  greater than the axial stroke of said striker. As pre-

  previously, the firing pin 28 comprises a main body 32 -11cylindrique, extending forwardly by a striker rod 33, the notch 27 of said striker being provided

on said main body.

  As can be seen in Figure 5A, the

  Cylindrical seat 24 externally has two conical recesses 34 (only one shown here), in one or other of which can be received the head of a needle screw 35.It is

  it is preferable that these receiving cones be provided

  away from the groove receiving the elastic ring, for example towards the middle of the cylindrical seat. A

  this variant avoids the machining of lateral facets.

on the cylindrical seat.

  Figures 4A, 5A and 6A illustrate a revolver

  whose percussion device is in a position corresponding to

  laying on a central percussion. As before, and as illustrated in FIGS. 4B, 5B and 6B, the operator

  will be able to pass in annular percussion by dismounting the

  rillet and the barrel, by unscrewing the needle screw 35, by rotating the cylindrical seat 24 of 180 by means of a

  key with pins, by screwing the screw 35, and finally in remon-

  both the barrel and the barrel corresponding to the new

  free. As has been said above, the invention applies to interchangeable gun weapons or using reducing tubes, but is in no way limited to

  barrel revolvers. The percussion device of the

  vention finds an extremely advanced application

  in the equipment of the guns, as will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A and 8A, and 7B and

8B.

  We thus distinguish a breech 36 pistol,

  with partly before a carcass 37 inside. the-

  what is the barrel 38 adapted for a munition -12-

  39. As before, it is also

  Cylindrical seating 40 is provided which is rotatably mounted in a bore 41 of the cylinder head and whose axis

  rotation 42 is parallel to the axis of the barrel of said pistol

  let There is also a striker 43 that can slide

  in a stepped cylindrical recess 44 of the cylindrical seat

  40, whose axis 45 is parallel to the axis of rotation 42 of said seat but offset with respect thereto. It is also provided a stop member 46, here analogous to the pin 16 described above, mounted transversely in the cylindrical seat 40, and against which the striker

  43 is held in support in the retracted position by a res-

  fate 47. Finally, there is a locking device 48

  transversely in the breech of the weapon, and

  tible to lock the cylindrical seat 40 in one or the other of two positbns thereof, corresponding

  to a central percussion or an annular percussion.

  the orqane 48 is here a needle screw cooperating with conical recesses formed on the outer surface of

  the cylindrical seat 40, but it goes without saying that we can

  a flat-headed screw cooperating with one

  or two of two flat side facets ex-

  later on the cylindrical seat. Likewise, the body

  main striker 43 has a notch 49 in the-

  which cross pin 46, which notch

  has a rear edge defining a bottom whose length

  is slightly greater than the axial stroke of said striker. It goes without saying that one could also foresee

  a notch with a bottom extending to the ex-

  rear end of the firing pin, as illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, but it is preferable to use a notch

  not open for better sealing and better

  their mechanical strength, knowing that

  cutter is, for a pistol, significantly longer than

for a revolver.

  When the operator wishes to pass in annular percussion, it is enough for him to change the barrel by placing in the carcass 37 a new barrel 38 'adapted to the caliber of an ammunition 39' with annular percussion, after having turned of 180 l. cylindrical seat 40 of the percussion device, as shown in FIGS. 7B and 8B. It can thus be noted that it becomes unnecessary to change the breech 36 of the pistol, which represents a notable progress by

compared to existing techniques.

  It goes without saying that the invention is in no way

  of the embodiments just described, but on the contrary covers any variant using, with equivalent means, the essential characteristics

in the claims.

-14-

Claims (16)

  1. Percussion device for a firearm, in   particular for a revolver or pistol, allowing   to fit two ammunition of different calibres, one of which   is percussion center and the other is percussion an-   nular, characterized in that it comprises: - a cylindrical seat (7, 24; 40) rotatably mounted   in a bore (8; 41) of the carcass (1) or   weary (36) of the weapon, and whose axis of rotation (9; 42) is parallel to the axis of the barrel of said weapon; - a striker (11, 28; 43) slidable in a stepped cylindrical recess (12, 30; 44) of the seat   cylindrical (7, 24; 40), whose axis (13; 45) is parallel   aligned with the axis of rotation (9; 42) of said cylindrical seat   drique but offset from it;   an abutment member (16, 26; 46) mounted transversely in the cylindrical seat (7, 24; 40) and against which   the striker (11, 28; 43) is held in abutment   retracted by elastic means (17; 47) such as spring or the like;   a locking member (21, 35; 48) mounted transversely   in the carcass (1) or the breech (36) of the weapon, and capable of locking the cylindrical seat (7,   24; 40) in one or other of two positions of that   ci, corresponding to a central percussion or annular cussion.   2. Percussion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical seat (7; 40) has a transverse bore whose central portion opens into the stepped cylindrical recess (12; 44) of said seat, said piercing transversal for receiving   the stop member (16; 46) of the striker.   -15- 3. Percussion device according to claim 2, characterized in that the stop member is a pin (16; 46) passing through a notch (19; 49) of the striker (11; 43).   4. Percussion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical seat (24)   has a peripheral groove (25), a part of which   mouth in the stepped cylindrical recess (30) of said   seat, said peripheral groove serving to receive the   stop (26) of the firing pin (28).   5. Percussion device according to claim 4, characterized in that the stop member is an elastic ring (26) a portion passes through a notch (27) of the firing pin (28).   6. percussion device according to claim, characterized in that the elastic ring (26) has substantially the shape of a horseshoe, with a central branch (29) rectilinear passing through the notch (27) of striker (28).   7. Percussion device according to one of the   3 and 5, characterized in that the notch (19) of the striker (11) has a bottom extending   to the rear end of the firing pin.   8. Percussion device according to one of the   3 and 5, characterized in that the notch (27; 49) of the firing pin (28; 43) has a rear edge   defining a bottom whose length is slightly longer than   greater than the axial stroke of the striker.   9. Percussion device according to one of the   7 and 8, characterized in that the striker (11, k8; 43) comprises a cylindrical main body (14, 32) extending forwards by a percussion rod (15, 33), the notch ( 19, 27) of the striker being provided on said main body.   -16- 10. Percussion device according to claim 9, characterized in that a spring (17; 47) surrounds the portion of the percussion rod (15, 33) of the striker which is inside the enlarged portion of the stepped cylindrical recess (12, 30; 44) of the seat (7, 24; 40).   11. Percussion device according to one of the   1 to 10, characterized in that the locking member of the cylindrical seat (7, 24; 40) is a screw (21, 35; 48) received in a through thread of the   the carcass (1) or the breech (36) of the weapon, and the ex-   tremité is in support against the seat (7, 24; 40) for locking said seat in one of the two positions of it.   12. Percussion device according to claim 11, characterized in that the cylindrical seat (7) externally has two plane side facets (20) against one or the other of which can be applied   the head of a flathead screw (21).   13. Impact device according to claim 11, characterized in that the cylindrical seat (24;) has two conical recesses externally, in one or other of which can be received the head of a screw needle punch (35; 48).   14. Percussion device according to one of the   1 to 13, characterized in that the end   before the cylindrical seat (7, 24; 40) is a shoulder-   (22) received in a circular recess associated   in the carcass (1) or breech (36) of the weapon.   15. Percussion device according to claim 14, characterized in that the shoulder (22) has two peripheral notches (23) to allow rotation of the cylindrical seat (7, 24; 40) to the help of an associated tool. -17-   16. Percussion device according to one of the   1 to 15, characterized in that the passage for the cylindrical seat (7, 24; 40) from one percussion position to the other is by a rotation of 180 of said seat around its axis (9 42).