FR2601353A1

FR2601353A1 - Method of desalination of seawater by vacuum distillation employing the differences in temperature between surface and deep layers in the sea

Info

Publication number: FR2601353A1
Application number: FR8708798A
Authority: FR
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1986-07-10
Filing date: 1987-06-23
Publication date: 1988-01-15

Abstract

Take salt water from the upper layers of the sea, extract the steam with the aid of vacuum, cool the steam with relatively cold seawater drawn from a suitable depth of the sea with the aid of pipework with a syphon. Discharge of the water which has given up the vapour and that which has been used for cooling with pipework at suitable depths of the sea, or far from the site of desalination.

Description

SPECIFICATIONS
de la nouvelle méthode de dessalement dins le vide
utilisant les différences de températures en fonction
des profondeurs en mer
On fait passer de l'eau salée prise des couches supérieures de la mer (10) dansune enceinte convenable analogue à un tube Torricelli retourné sur de l'eau salée où on maintient un haut pourcentage de vide, cette eau dégage une vapeur relativement chaude (1). On fuit revenir cette eau à la mer (lo) à un niveau de température égale environ à la température de l'eau ayant cédé la vapeur (2). Une pompe convenable à faible charge assure ce courant (3).On envoie la vapeur dans une autre enceinte à haut pourcentage de vide, équipe de parois choisies permettant les échanges thermiques voulus, retournée sur de l'eau douce (15),et entourée d'un circuit d'eau salée relativement froide (4) tiree d'une profondeur convenable (5) de la mer avec canalisation à parois isolantes ou isolée autant que possible (en P.V.C par exemple). La vapeur se condense en eau douce. On assure, de pre- férence, à l'eau de refroidissement un circuit fermé allant de l'intérieur de la mer à l'intérieur de la mer, et muni d'un tron çon travaillant en siphon (6) réduisant ainsi la charge à dissiper et permettant la coupure, quand on veut, de l'eau sans utilisation de grands robinets-vannes.Un système pour l'aspiration de l'air (15) amorcera le siphon. L'eau salie utilisée dans l refroidissement et condensation sera rejettée dans la-mer à un miveau (7) de température égale environ à la temperature de sorte de cette eau après refroidissement . Une pompe convenable (11) à faible charge assure le circuit de l'eau de refroidissement
Aux cas où la difference de température ertre la surface liLre je la ner et les niveaux profonds n'est pas continuellement suflisante, on peut munir le système d"crit d'une compression mécanique (8) de la vapeur.SPECIFICATIONS
of the new vacuum desalination method
using temperature differences as a function
from the depths at sea
Salt water taken from the upper layers of the sea (10) is passed through a suitable enclosure similar to a Torricelli tube returned to salt water where a high percentage of vacuum is maintained, this water gives off a relatively hot vapor ( 1). This water is fled back to the sea (lo) at a temperature level approximately equal to the temperature of the water having given up the steam (2). A suitable low-load pump ensures this current (3) .We send the steam to another enclosure with a high percentage of vacuum, a team of selected walls allowing the desired heat exchanges, returned to fresh water (15), and surrounded a relatively cold salt water circuit (4) drawn from a suitable depth (5) from the sea with a pipe with insulating walls or insulated as much as possible (in PVC for example). Steam condenses in fresh water. Preferably, the cooling water is provided with a closed circuit going from the interior of the sea to the interior of the sea, and provided with a section working in a siphon (6) thus reducing the load. dissipate and allow the shutdown, when desired, of water without the use of large gate valves. An air suction system (15) will prime the siphon. The dirty water used in cooling and condensation will be discharged into the sea at a level (7) of temperature approximately equal to the temperature, so this water after cooling. A suitable pump (11) at low load ensures the cooling water circuit
In cases where the temperature difference between the surface and the deep levels is not continuously sufficient, the described system can be provided with mechanical compression (8) of the vapor.

Les canalisations étant en mer, les unités proprement dites de dissalement peuvent être installées sur la terre (13) ou sur un flotteur (9) flottant sur la mer à l'endroit où il ya la différence suffisante de température entre le fond et la surface libre. Dans ce dernier cas, seule l'eau douce sera pompez (12) de l'endroit où existe la difference suffisante de température jusqu'au terre. The pipelines being at sea, the actual units of dispersion can be installed on the ground (13) or on a float (9) floating on the sea at the place where there is the sufficient difference of temperature between the bottom and the surface free. In the latter case, only fresh water will be pumped (12) from where there is the sufficient temperature difference to the ground.

On assure l'extrt--iction des gaz non liquéfiables aux points les plus convenables (14). The extraction of non-liquefiable gases is ensured at the most suitable points (14).

Exemple: avec unités de déssalement installe sur flotteur et car; a5'satior.s de n m de diamètre pour l'eau relativement chaude et 1,5 m de diamètre pour l'eau froide, on peut obtenir 3700Xj d'eau dou9e avec consommation spcifique théorique égale à 0,2 KWh/m pour une difference de tempéraiure de 10 C. Example: with desalination units installed on float and coach; a5'satior.s of nm in diameter for relatively hot water and 1.5 m in diameter for cold water, we can obtain 3700Xj of fresh water with specific theoretical consumption equal to 0.2 KWh / m for a temperature difference of 10 C.

A A comparer avec les procèdès utilises actuellement pour le dessalement, non procèdE est beaucoup plus économique en consom mation spécifique ainsi qu'en entretient et équipements. To compare with the processes currently used for desalination, non-process is much more economical in specific consumption as well as in maintenance and equipment.

Claims

R V 3 N I> I C A T I O N S

Revenlication 1 @ Seawater desalination method by

distillatiol carried out under partial vacuum with proper equipment

says desalination installed on earth, characterized in that it

uses the existing temperature differences between the surface layer and deep layers in the sea, and that it includes the steps suc

these; ives following: - Taking seawater from a surface layer of the sea and passage

of this water in a vacuum for partial vaporization and release

water vapor.

- Discharge of the remaining water, having given up steam, to a depth

suitable in sea temperatures around about that of

water discharge, or far from the intake point of the water to be vaporized.

- Passage of the vapor released in indirect contact, using over

sufficient heat exchange faces, with a current of water,

relatively cold, drawn from a suitable depth of the middle sea

a circuit fitted with a siphon, until this va

fear.

- Rejection of water used for condensation, to a depth in

the sea temperature about equal to that of the discharged water, or

wool from the water intake point.

- Extraction of noncondensable gases.

Claim 2: Method according to claim 1 characterized by actual desalination equipment installed on a floating system on the sea. In this case, the rejection of the remainder of the water having given up steam and that used for condensation will be done, moderately of pipeline, at suitable depth or depth in 13 sea.