FR2600888A1 - FOOD PREPARATIONS COMPRISING SALBUTAMOL, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND USE THEREOF TO IMPROVE THE RATE OR SPEED OF GROWTH IN ANIMALS. - Google Patents

Abstract

SALBUTAMOL AND ACID ADDITIONAL SALTS OF THE LATTER ARE USED TO INCREASE THE GROWTH RATE AND OR THE MEAT-TO-FAT RATIO IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS PART OF THE LIVING HERD WITHOUT CAUSING POLYPHAGY. SALBUTAMOL CAN BE GIVEN BY THE ORAL ROUTE, FOR EXAMPLE AS A MIXTURE WITH FOOD PRODUCTS IN A CONCENTRATION WHICH RANGES FROM 2 TO 12 PPM. THE PROCESS IS PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR BREEDING PIGS.

Description

The present invention relates to veterinary preparations as well as

  their use as growth promoters for domestic live stock, such as hogs, sheep, cattle and poultry. The invention also relates to methods of improving the rate or growth rate of such animals by improving their food conversion efficiency and / or by

  raising the ratio of meat to fat.

  Due to the current demands of consumers, it is desirable to produce a lower fat domestic live flock with a high meat-to-fat ratio. Therefore, by increasing the meat content and decreasing the fat content, animal quarters acquire a higher degree of quality for the slaughterer. It is particularly desirable to increase the meat content and to decrease the subcutaneous fat

  pigs, more particularly pigs in which a higher fat deposit tends to occur.

  It is important, however, to maintain the quality of the tissues and the organoleptic qualities of the quarters after slaughter.

  The description of British Patent No. 1592889

  describes the use of certain β-adrenergic drug substances to induce polyphagia in domestic animals, by which, by eating beyond normal level of satiety, they gain weight faster than non-susceptible animals treaties. However, there is no evidence to suggest that the feed conversion efficiency of animals is increased and the very large increases in feed intake rates suggested that, in most cases, Food conversion efficiency is reduced, although the speed of weight gain (unreleased) can be increased. Similarly, there is no reference to the effect of drug substances on the meat content / fat content ratio of the animals, suggesting that such an effect is

a negligible level.

  The β-adrenal drug substances are said to produce polyphagia over a wide daily dose range, but preference is expressed for a daily dosage range of 25 micrograms to 2.5 mg, which corresponds to the only results reported in the

  description of the aforementioned patent. The above-mentioned daily intake ranges are given for all meat-producing animals, without reference to either the species or the

  weight and it is not possible to deduce the correct daily intake rate of this information for any particular drug substance related to any particular class of animals in the

  purpose of inducing polyphagia. It is assumed that, in practice, a daily intake rate should be chosen that results in polyphagia based on preliminary trials.

  We have discovered, surprisingly, that in the case of salbutamol, one of the P-adrenergic drug substances for which results appear

  in the specification of British patent N.

  1392889, administration at daily intake rates greater than those which appear to have been examined in combination with induction of polyphagia, produced higher growth rates or growth rates and / or increased meat / fat content ratios at home. the animals, without inducing polyphagia and that, consequently, it improved the efficiency of the conversion of foods. In our experiments with pigs, the animals were fed ad libitum, in a proportion approaching or slightly lower than the normal level, which is generally considered to be about 1200 g of feed per day for pork of 20 kg 10 and 3200 g of feed per day for a 90 kg pork (Nutrient Requirement of Pigs: Technical Review by the Agricultural Research Council Working Party published by The Commowealth Agricultural Bureau, 1981). It has been clearly shown that daily intake of salbutamol ranging from 2 to 10 ppm in relation to food produces higher growth rates and results in improvements in meat quality without

cause polyphagia.

  The subject of the present invention is therefore a process for improving the rate or rate of growth, the efficiency of the feed conversion and / or the meat to fat ratio of domestic animals, characterized in that animals in question of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof, in a daily intake dose exceeding the maximum daily intake for a significant induction of

polyphagia.

  The acid addition salts of salbutamol include salts with organic and inorganic acids. The preferred form of salbutamol for use in carrying out the process according to the invention is salbutamol sulphate. Polyphagia is a condition in which the threshold of satiety has risen in the subject so that when the diet is not limited, substantially greater amounts of food than normal are consumed. For practical purposes, it can be shown that polyphagia is induced in a group of animals when the daily intake of food by the group is significantly greater than that of a control group of closely similar animals. By the fact that biological variation is inevitable between individual animals and, even in an individual animal at different times, a notable level of polyphagia can only be determined from studies of ad libitum ingestion of foods, which if daily food intake by animal groups is averaged over a period of time

of time.

  We have observed that the method according to the present invention is particularly effective in non-ruminating animals and, more particularly, in pigs. The increase in the ratio of the meat content to the fat content is particularly advantageous in the case of pigs in which a large fat deposit tends to occur, as in the case of castrated animals and sows. immature and pigs that genetically develop more fat, like the Yorkshire, Duroc, Hampshire, Camborough and

  Saddleback and crossbreeds of these breeds.

  The compound salbutamol is preferably administered in a proportion of 5 to 400 micrograms / kg body weight per day. In general, it is preferred that the daily intake of salbutamol exceeds 30 micrograms / kg body weight and, more preferably, exceeds 40 micro30 grams / kg body weight, more particularly when it concerns pigs. The preferred upper daily intake limit is 250 micrograms / kg. Optimal rates may vary somewhat from species to species but

can easily be determined.

  Salbutamol is preferably administered by the route of

  oral, conveniently mixed with food. Daily intake of the drug is preferred.

  In the case of pigs, the drug compound is advantageously administered with food for a period of at least 60 days and the animals can be fed ad libitum or according to their appetite.

  Such oral administration contrasts with the parenteral administration recommended in British Patent Specification N. 1,392,889, according to which the induction of polyphagia and concomitantly high and variable levels of food ingestion render the controlled administration of the substance

drug more difficult.

  According to a particularly preferred feature of the present invention, the invention relates to a process for increasing the rate or rate of growth, the efficiency of the feed conversion and / or the ratio of lean meat to fat of pigs, characterized in that it comprises administering to the above-mentioned pigs salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof, orally, in a daily dose greater than

micrograms per kilogram.

  The preferred concentration of salbutamol or its salt in foods for ingestion or daily intake of the drug varies from 2 to 12 parts per million (ppm). This is in contradiction with the concentrations recommended in the specification of British patent N 1392889 which fluctuate

  0.1 to 1.5 ppm, the optimum results being said to correspond to the lower end of the aforesaid range.

  According to another feature of the present invention, the subject of the present invention is an animal feed composition for improving the rate or growth rate and the conversion efficiency of domestic animal feeds, characterized in that it contains 2 to 12 parts per million of salbutamol or a

  acid addition salt of this compound.

  The concentration of salbutamol or salt thereof in the feed compositions is advantageously less than 8 ppm, for example in the order of

  2 to 4 ppm, more preferably 2 to 3 ppm.

  At higher concentrations of salbutamol or salt, food may be less palatable than foods without drug. In this case, it may be advantageous to mask the aroma or flavor of the drug substance, for example, by incorporating flavoring agents or encapsulating the drug into an easily digestible material. Feed generally used consists of various mixtures of grain and high-protein raw materials, such as barley or maize, as a mixture with soy or fish meal or raw materials. high-protein sem20 blables. Alternatively, you can also feed the animals

  using food byproducts such as skim milk, whey or whey or bakery waste.

  The animal feed compositions are prepared by mixing or incorporating therein a premix consisting of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof, such as salbutamol sulphate, and a sufficient amount thereof. animal feeds to achieve the desired concentration of salbutamol in the animal's feed. Alternatively, one can first supplement the premix of a mixture of vitamins, mineral compounds and amino acids before incorporation into food

for animals.

  For commercial purposes, the premix may contain the active ingredient mixed in high concentration with a carrier material which is usually a desirable constituent of the complete feed, such as wheat flour, soy flour, corn oil, ground maize, barley, mineral mixtures, such as vermiculite or diatomaceous earth, corn gluten meal, maize distillers, soy flour, sulphate calcium, limestone flour or calcium carbonate. For example, premixes may have a concentration of from 0.01% to 2.0% by weight of active ingredient, with the preferred active ingredient concentration ranging from 0.4 to 1.0% by weight. The premix or premix supplemented with additives can be mixed with complete animal feed, spread on animal feed or dissolved in water. Preferably, the premix is provided in the form of a concentrate which contains 0.40% w / w of salbutamol sulfate

  mixed with wheat flour to make 100.00 5% w / w.

  The dry mixture is agglomerated with water and dried and the product sieved and then sieved.

  Preferred medicated feeds for animals, for example, poultry, hogs, cattle and sheep, usually must contain from 2 g to 8 g of active ingredient per ton of feed, the optimum amount ranging from about 2 g to 4 g, preferably 2 g to

3 g, per ton of feed.

  Foods without drug substances are, on the whole, made available to interested parties by feed suppliers. The 30 names and addresses of some of these suppliers in the United Kingdom are given below: Name of Feed Suppliers Dalgety Agriculture Ltd Addresses Dalgety House, The Promenade, Clifton, Bristol, BS8 3NJ Basing View, Basingstoke, Hants . RG21 2EQ BOCM - Silcock Ltd. J. Bibby Agriculture Ltd.

Adderbury, Banbury, Oxon. 0X17 3HL.

  Example 1 Food Composition Constituents Salbutamol Sulfate Wheat - Barley Soybeans Mixture of Mineral Ingredients / Vitamins Example 2 Premix Composition Constituents% by Weight That of Salbutamol Sulfate 0.40 Wheat Flour Up to 100.00 4% in weight

0.0002 59.69 20.00 18.50 1.81

  lot 500 kg 2.00 kg 98.00 kg Salbutamol sulphate is mixed with wheat flour. The dry mixture is then agglomerated with water and dried. The product is then sieved to remove undersized particles and agglomerates of too high a size to obtain 94% of particles with

  diameters ranging from 150 microns to 100 microns and is then packaged in multi-walled paper bags.

260088.8

  ples. The premix is then thoroughly mixed with the whole feed in the proportion of 0.5 kg to 0.75 kg of salbutamol sulphate premix per tonne of feed.

  In order to obtain 2-3 ppm of salbutamol sulfate, pig feeds are fed continuously from pigs with a live weight of approximately 6-10 kg.

  Example 3 Food composition Basic diet Constituents g / kg Ground barley 739.3 Soy flour 44 175.3 White fish meal 65.0 L-lysine hydrochloride 2.0 Mixture * of vitamins and minerals trace elements 2.5 Ground limestone 7.5 Dicalcium phosphate 6.5 Salt 1.9 Chemical composition (as a feedstock) 20 Dry substance (g / kg) 862.6 Digestive energy (MJ / kg) 13.1 Crude Protein (g / kg) 190.0 Total Lysine (g / kg) 11.7 Threonine (g / kg) 7.4 Methionine + Cystine (g / kg) 7.0 Calcium (g / kg) 10 , 6 Phosphorus (g / kg) 7.1 Na (g / kg) 2.0 Vitamin B12 (g / kg) 28.5 * In every kilogram of food, we aim to achieve 5000

  international units of vitamin A, 1000 international units

  cholecalciphérol, 2.5 mg tocopherol acetate, 2 mg riboflavin, 5 mg DL-pantothenate

  calcium, 5 mg of nicotinic acid, 6 g of cyanocobalamin, 1 mg of vitamin D (menaphtone), 125 mg of Cu, 100 mg of Zn, 40 mg of Mn, 50 mg of Fe, 0.5 mg of Co , 2 mg I and 0.1 mg Se.

  Medicated Feed Composition Salbutamol sulfate was blended at the basal diet at a concentration of 2 ppm. It is also possible to prepare similar food compositions containing

  4.8 and 12 ppm of salbutamol sulfate.

Example 4

  Individually, ad libitum, verrazs, castrated pigs, and sows (Broad Whi15 te purebred) were fed, in equal numbers, using the food composition described below containing 0, 2, 6, or 10 ppm of salbutamol sulfate (12 pigs per group). Pigs were fed on staple foods from

  approximately 20 kg per body weight for 15 weeks.

  The average feed intake (in grams) per pig per day and the average live weight gain (in grams) per pig per day was recorded at the end

5, 10 and 15 weeks.

  The averages for each of these values relative to

  each of the groups of animals are presented below.

  C) 0 oo NO 000, 1 6Z L9 '9 80 1LLZ (SuTowq) lowunqles ap ale.lns epddd o lomeunqlus op eq.lns ep udd 0O lncompetents op udd op udd 9 lowepnqle s @p 91eUns ap wdd z ç I 6 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 ((((((((((((((((((((((98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98 98; (ano ued U04D00oo aed) ueXow JTpA spTod ep UTeD (inop jBd uoqooo jud U) suewTleup GuueGo UoTgsaeuI suep UOTI.BaqUaouoo The staple foods in the above process were: Basic foods Composition (50 w / v) Barley Wheat But Soymeal Extracted Fish Flour Provimi 55 Wheat Outputs Dicalcium Phosphate Limestone Blossom 15 Salt Molasses Premix Fats (50 o) Supplement * Mineral / Vitamins Growth Food Food - Definition of Pigs <50 kg Pigs ( > 50kg of oids corpode oids body) t el)

, 51 40.51

, 00 10.00

, 00 15,00

14.50 11.50

3.50 2.50

, 00 15,00

0.44 0.44

1.05 1.05

0.25 0.252,50 2.50

2.00 1.00

0.25 0.25

  Theoretical analysis (5o) Composition (% w / v) Food Food growth of finishing pigs 50 k body weight pigs 59) body oil 5.25 2.85 Protein, crude 16.95 15, 66 Fibers 4.48 4.61 Total digestible nutrients 71.81 70.95 Digestible energy JJ / kg (approx, 13.00 12.75 Lysine 0.89 0.77 Methionine and cystine 0.56 0.51 Calcium 0 87 0.81 -15 Phosphorus 0.60 0.59 Salt 0.47 0.46 * so as to include a copper supplement constituting 175 ppm in the growth food 100 ppm in finishing food

R EV E N D I CA T I 0NS

  1. A method of improving the rate or rate of growth, the efficiency of food conversion and / or the ratio of meat to fat in domestic animals, characterized in that it includes administration to animals. in question of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof, in a daily intake proportion exceeding the daily intake

  maximal aiming at a notable induction of polyphagia.

  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized

  in that salbutamol sulfate is used.

  3. Process according to claim 1, characterized

  in that domestic animals are other than ruminants.

  4. Process according to claim 3, characterized

  in that the domestic animals are pigs.

  5. Process according to claim 4, characterized

  in that the pigs are of breeds which tend to undergo a fat deposit.

  6. Method according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that the pigs are sows

immature or castrated animals.

  7. A process according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is administered.

  in a daily range of 5 to 400 micrograms per kilogram of live weight.

  Process according to claim 7, characterized in that salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is administered in a daily range of 30 to 250 micrograms per kilogram of live weight.

  9. A process according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is administered.

260 0888

to the animal by the oral flight.

  10. Process according to claim 9, characterized

  in that salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is administered to the animal mixed with the animal's feeds.

  11. Process according to claim 10, characterized in that the concentration of salbutamol or salt of addition of acile of the latter in the food varies from

2 to 12 parts per million.

  12. Process according to claim 11, characterized in that the concentration of salbutamol or acid addition salt of the latter in the food varies from 2 to

4 parts per million.

  13. Process for increasing the speed or growth rate, the efficiency of the feed conversion and / or the

  ratio of the meat to the fat of pigs or pigs, characterized in that the pigs or pigs in question are administered salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof by the oral route, in a daily dose higher than at 40 micrograms per kilogram.

  14. Animal feed composition for improving the rate or rate of growth and the efficiency of the conversion of pet food, characterized in that it contains 2 to 12 parts per mil25 lion of salbutamol or a salt acid addition of the latter. 15. A composition according to claim 14, characterized in that salbutamol or an acid addition salt

  of the latter is present in a concentration of up to 8 parts per million.

  16. Composition according to claim 14, characterized in that salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof is present in a concentration that varies.

from 2 to 4 parts per million.

  17. Composition according to any one of the

  14 to 16, characterized in that it includes

  grain, high protein materials, food by-products, vitamins, mineral or mineral materials and / or amino acids.

  18. Premix composition for the preparation

  composition according to any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that it contains

  salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof

  a concentration ranging from 0.01 to 2.0% by weight.

  19. Process for the preparation of an animal feed composition for improving the rate or rate of growth and the efficiency of the conversion of pet food, characterized in that salbutamol or a salt of addition of acid of this compound to animal feeds until

  a concentration that ranges from 2 to 12 parts per million.