FR2600615A1 - Composite hull structure for infrastructures or superstructures of floating craft, combining reinforced polyurethane and cellular polyurethane and method for manufacturing such a structure - Google Patents
Composite hull structure for infrastructures or superstructures of floating craft, combining reinforced polyurethane and cellular polyurethane and method for manufacturing such a structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2600615A1 FR2600615A1 FR8609478A FR8609478A FR2600615A1 FR 2600615 A1 FR2600615 A1 FR 2600615A1 FR 8609478 A FR8609478 A FR 8609478A FR 8609478 A FR8609478 A FR 8609478A FR 2600615 A1 FR2600615 A1 FR 2600615A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- polyurethane
- layer
- duromer
- layers
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/003—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised by the matrix material, e.g. material composition or physical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3067—Ships
- B29L2031/307—Hulls
Abstract
Description
La prdsente invention est du domaine des techniques de fabrication de structuresdu genre coque au moyen de matériaux composites tel5 que résiner arméeS
On connaît les techniques de fabrication de coques en stratifié mettant en oeuvre des résines telles que polyesters et époxy et des armatures du genre fibres de verre ou fibres de carbone réunies sous forme de tissu (roving), ou encore des fibres hachées et projetées en même temps que la résine (stratification par projection). On sait en outre associer des matériaux alvéolaires, ou mousses, avec les stratifiés précédents. -On connaît par ailleurs, l'utilisation, soit par moulage, soit par revêtement, des polyuréthanes élastomères haute densité dits "duromères" ainsi que des polyuréthanes alvéolaires à faible densité.The present invention is in the field of techniques for manufacturing shell-like structures using composite materials such as reinforced resin.
There are known techniques for manufacturing laminate shells using resins such as polyesters and epoxies and reinforcements of the glass fiber or carbon fiber type joined together in the form of a fabric (roving), or alternatively chopped and sprayed fibers at the same time. time as the resin (stratification by projection). It is also known to combine cellular materials, or foams, with the preceding laminates. We also know the use, either by molding or by coating, of high density elastomeric polyurethanes called "duromers" as well as low density cellular polyurethanes.
La présente invention se donne pour but de proposer un procédé de réalisation de coques permettant d'allier la rigidité des stratifiés précités à la résistance des polyuréthanes duromères. The object of the present invention is to propose a process for producing shells making it possible to combine the rigidity of the abovementioned laminates with the resistance of the duromer polyurethanes.
Selon la présente invention, un procédé de fabrication de coque, du genre procédant par application d'un matériau composite sur une surface de moulage est caractérisé d'une manière générale en ce qu'il consiste à:déposer contre la surface de moulage une première couche de polyuréthane à haute densité (comprise entre 500 et 900 kg/m3) dit "duromère", ou encore "rigime're", appliquer sur la précédente couche avant polymérisation complète, mais après léger refroidissement, une première armature de fibres, déposer sur ladite première armature une seconde couche de po ] yuréthane semblable à la première éventuellement déposer à nouveau une armature sur la nouvelle couche du duromère, et reproduire ces opérations autant de fois que souhaité, pour terminer par une dernière couche du duromère.Le procédé consiste en outre à déposer sur ladite dernière couche de duromère avant polymérisation complète, mais après léger refroidissement une première couche de polyuréthane alvéolaire rigide (densité comprise entre 45 et 70 kg par m3). Puis à déposer encore, sur la couche précédente de polyuréthane alvéolaire rigide, successivement plusieurs couches de ce même matériau. According to the present invention, a method of manufacturing a shell, of the kind proceeding by applying a composite material to a molding surface, is generally characterized in that it consists in: depositing against the molding surface a first layer of high density polyurethane (between 500 and 900 kg / m3) called "duromer", or even "rigime're", apply on the previous layer before complete polymerization, but after slight cooling, a first reinforcement of fibers, deposit on said first reinforcement a second layer of po] yurethane similar to the first optionally depositing a reinforcement on the new layer of the duromer, and reproducing these operations as many times as desired, ending with a last layer of the duromer. in addition to deposit on said last layer of duromer before complete polymerization, but after slight cooling a first layer of rigid cellular polyurethane (densit é between 45 and 70 kg per m3). Then to deposit again, on the previous layer of rigid cellular polyurethane, successively several layers of this same material.
Enfin et avantageusement, le procédé consiste encore à déposer sur la dernière couche de polyuréthane alvéolaire rigide une couche de polyuréthane duromère. Finally and advantageously, the method also consists in depositing on the last layer of rigid cellular polyurethane a layer of duromeric polyurethane.
Il résulte de la façon de faire sus-décrite que l'on a allié la rigidité structurelle des mousses de polyuréthane alvéolaire rigide à l'excellente résistance mécanique superficielle du polyuréthane duromère, d'autant plus résistant qu'il est armé. It follows from the above-described manner that the structural rigidity of rigid cellular polyurethane foams has been combined with the excellent surface mechanical resistance of duromer polyurethane, the more resistant it is reinforced.
Suivant une caractéristique secondaire de mise en oeuvre, les dépôts desdites couches de polyuréthane duromère ou alvéolaire sont effectués par projection. According to a secondary characteristic of implementation, the deposition of said layers of duromeric or alveolar polyurethane is carried out by spraying.
Suivant une autre caractéristique secondaire de mise en oeuvre, chaque couche du duromère, d'une épaisseur comprise entre 3 et 10 mm est elle-même composée de plusieurs couches d'environ 1 mm d'épaisseur. According to another secondary characteristic of implementation, each layer of the duromer, with a thickness of between 3 and 10 mm is itself composed of several layers of approximately 1 mm in thickness.
Avantageusement, la fibre de l'armature est la fibre de verre ; elle pourrait être encore, de façon plus coûteuse, la fibre de carbone ; les armatures utilisées sont de préférence des armatures du type rowing à mailles assez larges ; l'armature pourrait être encore réalisée par la technique connue de "hâchage et projection" de --la fibre simultanément à la projection du duromère. Advantageously, the fiber of the reinforcement is glass fiber; it could still be, more costly, carbon fiber; the reinforcements used are preferably reinforcements of the rowing type with fairly wide meshes; the reinforcement could also be produced by the known technique of "chopping and projection" of the fiber simultaneously with the projection of the duromer.
La présente invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide d'un exemple de mise en oeuvre d'un procédé appliqué à la fabrication d'une coque de bateau tel qu' illustré sur la planche unique annexée, dans laquelle
- la fig.1 représente en coupe une telle coque, et
- la fig.2 illustre grossie une partie de la coque de la figure précédente.The present invention will be better understood with the aid of an example of implementation of a method applied to the manufacture of a boat hull as illustrated on the single accompanying sheet, in which
- Fig.1 shows in section such a shell, and
- Fig.2 illustrates enlarged part of the shell of the previous figure.
Sur les fig. 1 et/ou Z, une coque 1 de bateau comprend, de l'extérieur vers l'intérieur, une première couche 2 de polyuréthane duromère, une première armature 3 de fibre de verre, une deuxième couche 4 de polyuréthane duromère, une deuxième armature 5 de fibre de verre, une troisième couche de polyuréthane duromère puis une pluralité de couches 7,8, etc... de polyuréthane alvéolaire rigide, puis, formant la face intérieure de la coque, une dernière couche 10 de polyuréthane duromère. In fig. 1 and / or Z, a boat hull 1 comprises, from outside to inside, a first layer 2 of duromer polyurethane, a first frame 3 of fiberglass, a second layer 4 of duromer polyurethane, a second frame 5 of glass fiber, a third layer of duromer polyurethane then a plurality of layers 7,8, etc ... of rigid cellular polyurethane, then, forming the inner face of the shell, a last layer 10 of duromer polyurethane.
De préférence le matériau utilisé pour les première, deuxième et troisième couches est un "duromère" ou rigimere de polyuréthane faiblement expansé (microexpansé) constitué de polyols à bas indice d'hydroxyle, de catalyseurs organo-métalliques et aminés, d'agents de réticulation, de pigments et charges, et enfin d'isocyanate en proportion correspondante à celle des polyols. Preferably, the material used for the first, second and third layers is a "duromer" or rigimer of low-expanded polyurethane (micro-expanded) consisting of polyols with low hydroxyl index, organometallic and amino catalysts, crosslinking agents. , pigments and fillers, and finally isocyanate in a proportion corresponding to that of the polyols.
La première couche 2 a été apr pliquée contre une surface lisse ayant en creux la forme de la coque à obtenir, et les autres couches ou armatures ont été appliquées successivement les unes sur les autres. The first layer 2 was apr plicated against a smooth surface having the hollow shape of the shell to be obtained, and the other layers or reinforcements were applied successively to each other.
L'expérience a montré qu'une coque de bateau ainsi constituée de façon monobloc était suffisamment rigide pour qu'il ne soit pas utile de lui adjoindre des arceaux ou autres éléments de rigidification cependant si ces éléments (puits de quille, puits de mât, cale de moteur), étaient utiles par ailleurs, ils ne pourraient que contribuer à la rigidité ; de même la technique de l'invention se prête tout à fait bien à la mise en place d'inserts de bois ou de métal destinés à la fixation ultérieure d'éléments de finition (parois de cabines, meubles, etc...) ou d'éléments fonctionnels (paliers d'arbres, éléments d'accastillage, etc...). Experience has shown that a boat hull thus formed in one piece is rigid enough that it is not useful to add hoops or other stiffening elements to it, however, if these elements (keel well, mast well, engine block), were useful in addition, they could only contribute to rigidity; similarly, the technique of the invention lends itself perfectly well to the installation of wood or metal inserts intended for the subsequent fixing of finishing elements (cabin walls, furniture, etc.) or functional elements (shaft bearings, fittings, etc.).
Bien que l'on ait décrit et représenté l'application du procédé de l'invention à la fabrication d'une coque de bateau, on doit comprendre que celui-ci pourrait être appliqué à la fabrication de structu res analogues c'est à dire de n'importe quelle surface assez importante devant présenter une bonne résistance mécanique à la déformation aussi bien, qu'aux chocs ; ce pourrait être le cas de carénages de certains véhicules terrestres ou aériens. La portée de la présente invention ne doit donc pas être limitée aux formes ci-dessus décrites ou représentées mais s'étendre à tout procédé ou produit relevant des définitions énoncées plus haut. Although the application of the process of the invention to the manufacture of a boat hull has been described and represented, it should be understood that it could be applied to the manufacture of similar structures, that is to say any fairly large surface that must have good mechanical resistance to deformation as well as to impact; this could be the case for fairings of certain land or air vehicles. The scope of the present invention should therefore not be limited to the forms described or represented above but should extend to any process or product falling within the definitions set out above.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8609478A FR2600615A1 (en) | 1986-06-24 | 1986-06-24 | Composite hull structure for infrastructures or superstructures of floating craft, combining reinforced polyurethane and cellular polyurethane and method for manufacturing such a structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8609478A FR2600615A1 (en) | 1986-06-24 | 1986-06-24 | Composite hull structure for infrastructures or superstructures of floating craft, combining reinforced polyurethane and cellular polyurethane and method for manufacturing such a structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2600615A1 true FR2600615A1 (en) | 1987-12-31 |
Family
ID=9336880
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8609478A Withdrawn FR2600615A1 (en) | 1986-06-24 | 1986-06-24 | Composite hull structure for infrastructures or superstructures of floating craft, combining reinforced polyurethane and cellular polyurethane and method for manufacturing such a structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
FR (1) | FR2600615A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2670708A1 (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-06-26 | Panico Yvo | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A COMPOSITE ARTICLE BASED ON ARMY RESIN. |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1220409A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | 1960-05-24 | Us Rubber Co | Improved plastic boat and its manufacturing process |
FR1513175A (en) * | 1966-03-09 | 1968-02-09 | Hans Fellmann Kg Ges Fuer Anst | Process and device for the manufacture of shell-shaped articles of plastics reinforced with fiberglass or similar materials, as well as articles conforming to those thus obtained |
FR2008894A1 (en) * | 1968-05-20 | 1970-01-30 | Larson Ind Inc | |
US3634898A (en) * | 1970-04-23 | 1972-01-18 | Larson Ind Inc | Plastic boat construction |
US3687768A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1972-08-29 | Allan Holmes Vaitses | Method of making a laminated boat hull |
GB1335563A (en) * | 1969-10-30 | 1973-10-31 | Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann | Process for the manufacture of composite materials |
-
1986
- 1986-06-24 FR FR8609478A patent/FR2600615A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1220409A (en) * | 1958-03-20 | 1960-05-24 | Us Rubber Co | Improved plastic boat and its manufacturing process |
FR1513175A (en) * | 1966-03-09 | 1968-02-09 | Hans Fellmann Kg Ges Fuer Anst | Process and device for the manufacture of shell-shaped articles of plastics reinforced with fiberglass or similar materials, as well as articles conforming to those thus obtained |
FR2008894A1 (en) * | 1968-05-20 | 1970-01-30 | Larson Ind Inc | |
US3687768A (en) * | 1968-12-18 | 1972-08-29 | Allan Holmes Vaitses | Method of making a laminated boat hull |
GB1335563A (en) * | 1969-10-30 | 1973-10-31 | Pechiney Ugine Kuhlmann | Process for the manufacture of composite materials |
US3634898A (en) * | 1970-04-23 | 1972-01-18 | Larson Ind Inc | Plastic boat construction |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2670708A1 (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-06-26 | Panico Yvo | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A COMPOSITE ARTICLE BASED ON ARMY RESIN. |
WO1992011127A1 (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-07-09 | Yvo Panico | Process for manufacturing resin and, in particular, reinforced polyurethane articles |
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ST | Notification of lapse |