FR2597936A1 - IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED, USING A TOOL SUCH AS A KEY, BY AXIAL MOVEMENT IN A DIFFICULT ACCESS LOCATION OF THEIR SUPPORT - Google Patents
IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED, USING A TOOL SUCH AS A KEY, BY AXIAL MOVEMENT IN A DIFFICULT ACCESS LOCATION OF THEIR SUPPORT Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2597936A1 FR2597936A1 FR8606188A FR8606188A FR2597936A1 FR 2597936 A1 FR2597936 A1 FR 2597936A1 FR 8606188 A FR8606188 A FR 8606188A FR 8606188 A FR8606188 A FR 8606188A FR 2597936 A1 FR2597936 A1 FR 2597936A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- gripping
- segment
- cylindrical
- annular
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B23/00—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
- F16B21/10—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts
- F16B21/16—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft
- F16B21/18—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings by separate parts with grooves or notches in the pin or shaft with circlips or like resilient retaining devices, i.e. resilient in the plane of the ring or the like; Details
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
Abstract
ORGANE 1 DESTINE A ETRE POSITIONNE PAR DEPLACEMENT AXIAL, NOTAMMENT PAR ENFONCEMENT LINEAIRE OU PAR ROTATION, EN UN EMPLACEMENT D'ACCES DIFFICILE D'UN SUPPORT, LEDIT ORGANE POSSEDANT UNE SURFACE CYLINDRIQUE OU ANALOGUE DE PREHENSION ETOU D'ACTIONNEMENT 2 ET DEVANT ETRE POSITIONNE A L'AIDE D'UN OUTIL DE PREHENSION ETOU D'ACTIONNEMENT 7 COMPORTANT UNE PARTIE 6 DE FORME COMPLEMENTAIRE A LA SUSDITE SURFACE CYLINDRIQUE OU ANALOGUE 2 DE L'ORGANE, CARACTERISE PAR LE FAIT QUE DANS CETTE SURFACE CYLINDRIQUE OU ANALOGUE 2 EST CREUSEE UNE GORGE ANNULAIRE 4 DANS LAQUELLE EST LOGE UN SEGMENT ANNULAIRE OU QUASI ANNULAIRE OU ANALOGUE 5 ELASTIQUEMENT DEFORMABLE RADIALEMENT ET FAISANT, EN POSITION DE REPOS, PARTIELLEMENT SAILLIE HORS DE LA GORGE.BODY 1 INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED BY AXIAL DISPLACEMENT, IN PARTICULAR BY LINEAR DRIVING OR BY ROTATION, IN A DIFFICULT ACCESS LOCATION FROM A SUPPORT, THIS BODY HAVING A CYLINDRICAL OR SIMILAR SURFACE FOR GRIPPING AND OR OPERATING POSITION 2 AND BEFORE BEING USING A GRIPPING AND / OR ACTUATION TOOL 7 INCLUDING A PART 6 OF A COMPLEMENTARY SHAPE TO THE SUSTAINED CYLINDRICAL OR ANALOGUE SURFACE 2 OF THE ORGAN, CHARACTERIZED BY THE FACT THAT IN THIS CYLINDRICAL OR ANALOGUE SURFACE 2 IS HOLLOWED A THROAT ANNULAR 4 IN WHICH IS LODGED AN ANNULAR OR NEARLY ANNULAR OR SIMILAR SEGMENT 5 ELASTICALLY DEFORMABLE RADIALLY AND MAKING, IN THE REST POSITION, PARTIALLY PROJECTED OUT OF THE THROAT.
Description
Perfectionnements apportés aux organes destinés à être positionnés.aImprovements to organs intended to be positioned.
l'aide d'un outil tel qu'une clef, par déplacement axial en un emDlacement d'accès difficile using a tool such as a key, by axial displacement in a location of difficult access
de leur support.of their support.
La présente invention concerne des perfectionnements apportés aux organes destinés à être positionnés, par déplacement axial, notamment par enfoncement linéaire ou par vissage, en un emplacement d'accès difficile 10 d'un support, ledit organe possédant une surface cylindrique ou analogue (par exemple prismatique) de préhension et/ou d'actionnement et devant être positionné à l'aide d'un outil de préhension et/ou d'actionnement comportant une partie de forme complémentaire à la sus15 dite surface cylindrique ou analogue de l'organe. The present invention relates to improvements made to the members intended to be positioned, by axial displacement, in particular by linear insertion or by screwing, in a difficult access location 10 of a support, said member having a cylindrical surface or the like (for example prismatic) for gripping and / or actuating and having to be positioned using a gripping and / or actuating tool comprising a part of shape complementary to the sus15 said cylindrical surface or the like of the member.
Il est, d'une façon générale, bien connu que la It is generally well known that the
facilité de mise en place ou d'enlèvement d'organes, notamment d'organes de fixation tels que goupilles, boulons, vis.... est conditionnée par les conditions d'ac20 cès à l'emplacement prévu à cet effet sur le support dudit organe. Le recours à des outils tels que des clefs à pipe ou des clefs alène ne permet pas toujours d'éviter ces difficultés, en particulier lorsque l'organe en question doit être déplacé verticalement et est situé 25 sous l'outil. ease of fitting or removing members, in particular fixing members such as pins, bolts, screws, etc. is conditioned by the conditions of access to the location provided for this purpose on the support of said organ. The use of tools such as pipe wrenches or awl keys does not always make it possible to avoid these difficulties, in particular when the member in question must be moved vertically and is located under the tool.
On a certes tenté de résoudre ce problème en réalisant des outils spéciaux, tels que des clefs munies de moyens de serrage du type mandrin, qui permettent de saisir l'organe sans que celui-ci puisse échapper et re30 tomber par gravité. Toutefois, ces outils spéciaux sont We have certainly tried to solve this problem by making special tools, such as keys provided with clamping means of the mandrel type, which allow the organ to be grasped without it being able to escape and fall by gravity. However, these special tools are
coûteux du fait de leur faible diffusion commerciale. expensive due to their low commercial circulation.
L'invention a donc essentiellement pour but de remédier au problème exposé de manière à éviter le recours à des outils spéciaux et de proposer un agencement 35 particulier de l'organe qui autorise sa manipulation à l'aide d'outils standards, tels que des clefs à pipe i standards ou des clefs alêne et, bien entendu, sans que cet aménagement de l'organe entraine un accroissement The object of the invention is therefore essentially to remedy the problem presented so as to avoid the use of special tools and to propose a particular arrangement of the member which allows it to be manipulated using standard tools, such as pipe keys i standard or awl keys and, of course, without this arrangement of the organ causing an increase
important de son coût de fabrication. important in its manufacturing cost.
A cette fin, un organe agencé conformément à 5 l'invention est caractérisé par le fait que dans cette surface cylindrique ou analogue est creusée une gorge périphérique dans laquelle est logé un segment annulaire ou quasi annulaire ou analogue. élastiquement déformable radialement et faisant, en position de repos, partiel10 lement saillie hors de la gorge. En particulier, le segment peut être un jonc quasi annulaire en acier qui est de fabrication courante et dont le coût est très réduit. Dans un premier exemple de réalisation, ladite 15 surface de section polygonale, notamment hexagonale, est To this end, a member arranged in accordance with the invention is characterized in that in this cylindrical or similar surface is hollowed out a peripheral groove in which is housed an annular or quasi-annular segment or the like. radially elastically deformable and, in the rest position, partially protruding out of the groove. In particular, the segment can be a quasi-annular steel rod which is of current manufacture and whose cost is very reduced. In a first exemplary embodiment, said surface of polygonal cross section, in particular hexagonal, is
la surface extérieure d'une portion de l'organe destinée à coopérer avec un outil de préhension et/ou d'actionnement de type femelle tel qu'une clef à pipe et le segment est élastiquement déformable avec réduction de 20 son diamètre. Dans un second exemple de réalisation. the outer surface of a portion of the member intended to cooperate with a gripping and / or actuating tool of the female type such as a pipe wrench and the segment is elastically deformable with reduction of its diameter. In a second embodiment example.
ladite surface de section polygonale, notamment hexagonale, est la surface intérieure d'un évidement de l'organe, destinée à coopérer avec un outil de préhension et/ou d'actionnement de type mâle tel qu'une clef 25 alêne et le segment est élastiquement déformable avec said polygonal section surface, in particular hexagonal, is the internal surface of a recess of the member, intended to cooperate with a gripping and / or actuation tool of the male type such as an awl key and the segment is elastically deformable with
augmentation de son diamètre.increase in its diameter.
Lorsque l'organe est emboité dans ou sur un outil standard tel qu'une clef à pipe ou une clef alêne, le segment est déformé par celui-ci pour être effacé 30 dans la gorge qui l'abrite. Le segment exerce alors un When the member is fitted into or on a standard tool such as a pipe wrench or a drawbar key, the segment is deformed by it to be erased in the groove which shelters it. The segment then exerts a
effort élastique radial sur l'outil et la force de frottement qui en résulte est suffisante pour solidariser l'organe i l'outil. même dans le cas o le déplacement de l'organe s'effectue verticalement et que cet 35 organe est suspendu sous l'outil. radial elastic force on the tool and the resulting friction force is sufficient to secure the member to the tool. even in the case where the movement of the member takes place vertically and this member is suspended under the tool.
La réalisation de la gorge destinée à recevoir The realization of the groove intended to receive
? 5979I? 5979I
le segment est peu onéreuse dans la mesure o elle peut être exécutée à l'aide d'un outillage automatique; souvent cette opération pourra être exécutée en même temps qu'une autre-opération lors de la fabrication de l'orga5 ne, par exemple lors du tournage du corps de goupille si the segment is inexpensive insofar as it can be carried out using automatic tools; often this operation can be performed at the same time as another-operation during the manufacture of the orga5 does, for example during the turning of the pin body if
l'organe est une goupille ou lors de l'usinage du filet de vis si l'organe est une vis ou un boulon. Le coût de fabrication de l'organe agencé selon l'invention peut n'être que peu supérieur à celui d'un organe tradition10 nel équivalent. the member is a pin or when machining the screw thread if the member is a screw or bolt. The manufacturing cost of the device arranged according to the invention may be only slightly higher than that of an equivalent traditional device.
Les dispositions conformes à l'invention trouvent une application particulièrement intéressante dans le cas d'injecteurs de gaz équipant des brûleurs à gaz, par exemple dans des cuisinières. Les injecteurs sont 15 des pièces de relativement petites dimensions, de configuration générale analogue à celle d'un boulon. qui sont vissées sur les corps des brûleurs en un emplacement de ceux-ci d'autant moins facilement accessible qu'il est souhaitable que le montage et le démontage de 20 l'injecteur doivent pouvoir être effectués sans démontage du reste de la cuisinière. La difficulté de cette opération est encore accrue dans le cas des brûleurs extra-plats équipant les plaques de cuisson encastrables car l'injecteur est alors disposé verticalement et sa 25 manipulation est difficile même avec une clef à pipe classique. Un injecteur agencé conformément à l'invention donne par contre toute satisfaction quant à sa facilité de montage ou de démontage car il est retenu à l'intérieur de l'alésage d'une clef à pipe qu'il est 30 facile de glisser dans le corps de brûleur jusqu'à The arrangements in accordance with the invention find a particularly advantageous application in the case of gas injectors fitted to gas burners, for example in stoves. The injectors are relatively small parts, of a general configuration similar to that of a bolt. which are screwed onto the burner bodies at a location which is all the less accessible since it is desirable that the assembly and disassembly of the injector must be able to be carried out without disassembly of the rest of the stove. The difficulty of this operation is further increased in the case of the extra-flat burners fitted to the built-in cooking plates because the injector is then placed vertically and its handling is difficult even with a conventional pipe wrench. An injector arranged in accordance with the invention, on the other hand, gives all satisfaction with regard to its ease of assembly or disassembly because it is retained inside the bore of a pipe wrench that it is easy to slide into the burner body up
l'endroit approprié.the appropriate place.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de The invention will be better understood on reading
la description détaillée qui suit d'un mode de réalisation préféré donné uniquement à titre d'exemple non li35. mitatif. Dans cette description on se réfère au dessin the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment given solely by way of unrelated example. mitative. In this description we refer to the drawing
annexé sur lequel:annexed on which:
10 1510 15
30 - la figure 1 est une vue latérale d'un organe agencé conformément à l'invention, et FIG. 1 is a side view of a member arranged in accordance with the invention, and
- la figure 2 est une vue de côté, avec coupe partielle, de l'organe de la figure 1 coopérant avec un outil de manutention. - Figure 2 is a side view, with partial section, of the member of Figure 1 cooperating with a handling tool.
A titre d'exemple, l'organe 1 montré sur les figures 1 et 2 comporte une tête hexagonale 2 et un corps fileté 3; il peut s'agir notamment d'un boulon ou d'un injecteur de gaz pour br leur à gaz, par exemple pour une cuisinière domestique. By way of example, the member 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a hexagonal head 2 and a threaded body 3; it may in particular be a bolt or a gas injector for a gas burner, for example for a domestic stove.
La tête 2 est munie d'une gorge annulaire périphérique 4 dans laquelle est logé un segment 5 élastiquement déformable radialement; dans la position de repos du segment 5 montrée à la figure 1. le segment 5 fait partiellement saillie hors de la gorge 4. Le segment 5 peut être un jonc annulaire élastique en acier, couramment disponible dans le commerce. The head 2 is provided with a peripheral annular groove 4 in which is housed a segment 5 radially elastically deformable; in the rest position of the segment 5 shown in FIG. 1. the segment 5 projects partially out of the groove 4. The segment 5 can be an elastic annular steel ring, currently commercially available.
A la figure 2, la tête 2 de l'organe 1 a été introduite dans l'alésage 6 d'un outil tel qu'une clef à pipe 7. Au cours de cette introduction, le segment 5 a été déformé élastiquement et repoussé au fond de la gorge 4. Le segment 5 comprimé appuie élastiquement contre la paroi de l'alésage 6 et il en résulte une force de frottement parallèle à cette paroi 6 (verticalement sur la figure 2) qui est supérieure au poids ou à la composante de poids -de même direction et de sens opposé- de l'organe 1. empêchant celui-ci de retomber par gravité. In FIG. 2, the head 2 of the member 1 has been introduced into the bore 6 of a tool such as a pipe wrench 7. During this introduction, the segment 5 has been elastically deformed and pushed back to the bottom of the groove 4. The compressed segment 5 bears elastically against the wall of the bore 6 and this results in a friction force parallel to this wall 6 (vertically in FIG. 2) which is greater than the weight or the component of weight - in the same direction and in opposite directions - of the organ 1. preventing it from falling by gravity.
Comme il va de soi et comme il résulte d'ailleurs déjà de ce qui précède, l'invention ne se limite nullement à ceux de ses modes d'application et de réalisation qui ont été plus particulièrement envisagés elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes. As goes without saying and as it already follows from the above, the invention is in no way limited to those of its modes of application and embodiments which have been more particularly envisaged, it embraces, on the contrary, all variants.
En particulier, les dispositions selon l'invention qui viennent d'être décrites dans le cas d'un bouion ou analogue (gorge creusée dans la surface prismatique extérieure de la tête du boulon) peuvent tout In particular, the arrangements according to the invention which have just been described in the case of a bouion or the like (groove dug in the prismatic outer surface of the head of the bolt) can all
?597936? 597936
aussi bien être utilisées dans d'autres types de configuration; par exemple on peut prévoir une gorge annulaire creusée dans la surface prismatique (notamment hexagonale) intérieure d'un alésage dans le cas d'un 5 boulon i tête dite "six pans creux" destiné à être as well be used in other types of configuration; for example one can provide an annular groove hollowed out in the prismatic (in particular hexagonal) surface of a bore in the case of a 5 head bolt called "hexagon socket" intended to be
actionné à l'aide d'une clef alène. operated with an awl key.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8606188A FR2597936B3 (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED, USING A TOOL SUCH AS A KEY, BY AXIAL MOVEMENT IN A DIFFICULT ACCESS LOCATION OF THEIR SUPPORT |
| IT8709375A IT1207843B (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1987-04-24 | ORGAN INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED, WITH THE AID OF A TOOL SUCH AS A KEY, FOR AXIAL MOVEMENT TO A PLACE OF DIFFICULT ACCESS OF ITS SUPPORT. |
| ES8701231A ES2003276A6 (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1987-04-27 | Retaining components to tools |
| GB08710201A GB2189858A (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1987-04-29 | Retaining components to tools |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8606188A FR2597936B3 (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED, USING A TOOL SUCH AS A KEY, BY AXIAL MOVEMENT IN A DIFFICULT ACCESS LOCATION OF THEIR SUPPORT |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2597936A1 true FR2597936A1 (en) | 1987-10-30 |
| FR2597936B3 FR2597936B3 (en) | 1988-09-09 |
Family
ID=9334731
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8606188A Expired FR2597936B3 (en) | 1986-04-29 | 1986-04-29 | IMPROVEMENTS IN ORGANS INTENDED TO BE POSITIONED, USING A TOOL SUCH AS A KEY, BY AXIAL MOVEMENT IN A DIFFICULT ACCESS LOCATION OF THEIR SUPPORT |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| ES (1) | ES2003276A6 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2597936B3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2189858A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1207843B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4031363A1 (en) * | 1990-07-23 | 1992-01-30 | Joachim Aurich | Drill bolt for simple power tool application - has take=up shaft with break-off recess giving secure bolt location under high thread bending force |
| US5505465A (en) * | 1991-03-22 | 1996-04-09 | Hornsby; John | Mechanical seal stud torquing system |
| DE19518882A1 (en) * | 1995-05-23 | 1996-12-05 | Knecht Filterwerke Gmbh | Screw cover for filter for e.g. oil filter of motor vehicle |
| AU6610196A (en) * | 1995-08-17 | 1997-03-12 | Institut Straumann Ag | Device for holding small screws using an elastically clamping ring |
| DE19712784C2 (en) | 1997-03-26 | 1999-02-11 | Sfs Ind Holding Ag | screw |
| FR2790513B1 (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2001-05-18 | Filtrauto | LIQUID FILTER HOUSING FOR AN ENGINE, AND FILTER COMPRISING SUCH A HOUSING |
| DE20006772U1 (en) | 2000-04-12 | 2001-08-23 | Meritor Automotive Gmbh | Connecting element, in particular a screw for fastening a sealing profile to a body part |
| DE202007018746U1 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2009-03-19 | Zl Microdent-Attachment Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wrench and holding element for a screwing tool |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE433317A (en) * | 1938-03-17 | |||
| GB901523A (en) * | 1959-01-20 | 1962-07-18 | Henry Herbert Ives | Improvements in or relating to box spanners |
| NL6710350A (en) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-03-20 | ||
| SE376040C (en) * | 1968-12-16 | 1977-02-17 | R A R Johansson | DEVICE FOR ADJUSTABLE ATTACHMENT OF ELEMENT TO FIXED ELEMENT |
| GB2090361B (en) * | 1980-12-31 | 1984-07-18 | P & S Engineering | Anti-theft wheel nut |
| GB2171040B (en) * | 1985-02-14 | 1988-12-29 | Dan Mekler | Security fastener and wrench |
-
1986
- 1986-04-29 FR FR8606188A patent/FR2597936B3/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-04-24 IT IT8709375A patent/IT1207843B/en active
- 1987-04-27 ES ES8701231A patent/ES2003276A6/en not_active Expired
- 1987-04-29 GB GB08710201A patent/GB2189858A/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2597936B3 (en) | 1988-09-09 |
| GB8710201D0 (en) | 1987-06-03 |
| GB2189858A (en) | 1987-11-04 |
| IT1207843B (en) | 1989-06-01 |
| IT8709375A0 (en) | 1987-04-24 |
| ES2003276A6 (en) | 1988-10-16 |
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