FR2597125A1 - PROCESS FOR TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS AND DIFFUSION STATION OF COLORING MATERIAL IN TEXTILE MATERIAL - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Method for continuously wet processing textile materials, such as used, in particular, for bleaching or dyeing a band of textile material, woven or other-wise, in which method a continuous band (4) of textile material (3) is passed through an installation (1) comprising different, successive work stations (7 to 15), the said band (4) defining in the installation a continuous processing path having a given length L between the input (5) and the output (6) of the installation (1), each respective work station processing a portion of the length L corresponding to the elementary length of the path travelled by the band (4) through the work station in question, wherein : - the textile material is impregnated with a processing material, - the processing material is diffused through the textile material and the time of diffusion of the processing material through the textile material is completely controlled, as a function of the textile material to be processed and of the different processing materials applied, by controlling, by continuous adjustment, the elementary length of the path travelled through the corresponding work station (8 and/or 12), - the processing material is fixed on the textile material, - the textile material is rinsed to remove the excess of unfixed processing material, - the band (4) thus processed is dried.

Description

The invention relates to a method of treatment

  continuously wet textile materials, such as in particular used for bleaching or dyeing a web of woven fabric or not, as well as a diffusion station of a dyestuff in a textile material allowing in particular the implementation of said method.

  The invention will find particular application in the field of wet processing facilities such as for bleaching and dyeing a sheet in

continued.

  Currently, it is known -the essential wet processing methods of textile webs, it is either discontinuous treatment, scarf, dryer, or

  continuous treatment in a single pass.

  In the first type of treatment, which is much more traditional, the material to be treated is arranged in an apparatus which is filled successively with liquids which may be, for example, a dyeing solution, a fixing liquid, a

  rinsing liquid and sometimes even by steam.

  The second type of treatment, says to the continuous,

  is less developed than the other because it requires a more elaborate and cumbersome processing facility.

  However, the advantage of this treatment is that it makes it possible to work much faster and to increase the production of treated material.

  Generally, the continuous treatment installations consist of a succession of workstations each assigned to a specific step and a continuous web of textile material is traversed in this installation according to a well-defined treatment path in the installation. . Thus, the continuous web undergoes the different steps successively between entry and exit

of the installation.

  It is known, for example, processes for the continuous wet treatment of textile materials, in which the web passing through the installation is successively subjected to - at least one impregnation of the textile material with a dyestuff, generally followed by diffusion of the dyestuff into the textile material; - solubilization of the dyes with a dye carrier liquid followed by fixation of the dyestuff to the textile material by vaporization, for example, - rinsing the material to remove the excess of the non-fixed coloring material followed by drying of the

tablecloth thus treated.

  In this dyeing process, different types of dyestuff of different structures are generally used which have particular affinities with respect to the nature of the web. However,

  certain rules of application must be respected to respect their effectiveness. Currently, three essential categories of dyes are used and each of these categories requires a clean implementation to achieve optimum efficiency.

  A first category of dyes is generally known as "vat type" which is in an insoluble pigment form. When using this type of dye, the textile material of the dye 30 is impregnated by padding followed by diffusion into the fiber by an air-to-air course which improves the appearance and quality of the dye. dyeing. Then, the coloring matter is fixed by chemical padding and vaporization. However, after this step, it is important to avoid another air passage because there is a risk of changing the dyestuff structure, which can cause the shade to change and influence the stain strength. Then, this dye is oxidized, rinsed and dried. A second type of dye is known as "hydrone". In this case, the material is impregnated

  textile dye padding but the dye is in the reduced state with hydrosulphite soda in a bath.

  Then, after this padding, the passage to the air to diffuse the coloring matter into the textile fiber is to be avoided in order to prevent the premature oxidation of the reduced dye, which would give a dull shade to the dyeing. Then, the

  dye is fixed by vaporization, which will be advantageously followed by an air passage because oxidation in the air before rinsing will give a higher yield of the dye. Then, this dye is oxidized, rinsed and dried.

  In the third category of dyes of the "indigosol" type after the impregnation of the dyestuff, it is essential to diffuse it through an air passage before the fixing phase. Moreover, a second air passage after this phase of fixing with sulfuric acid is also essential for the development of the

  dye before the web is rinsed and dried.

  In order to allow these different treatment implementations according to the types of dyes, continuous treatment plants are known, which successively have a sheet textile feed station, followed by a pad pad impregnation station. the dyestuff, followed by a diffusion station of the dyestuff by passage in the air, followed by a position of solubilization of the dye by impregnation of chemicals, followed by a fixing station of the vaporizer type, followed a chemical acid treatment station, followed by a second diffusion station and development of the dye by air passage, followed by a washing station and rinsing, 10 followed by a drying station followed by a storage station

  The material thus treated continuously.

  In such a traditional installation, depending on the textile materials to be treated and the various dyes applied, it is necessary between each process change 15 to make stops of the treatment line in order to modify the path of the path of the web being treated in installation. Indeed, with dyes of the "vat" type, only the first diffusion air path is used, whereas in the case of dyes of the "hydrone" type, this first air passage will be avoided and it will be the second passage I the air that will be used. On the other hand, in the case of dyes of the "indigosol" type, the two paths with diffusion air and

  dye development will be used.

  It is constantly noticed that these different modifications of the web path in the installation require significant handling and prolonged stops. In addition, these different process changes create material falls that, depending on the length of the

  treatment line, are not negligible.

  -Furthermore, with the broadcasting stations and

  development of the dyestuff in the known textile material, generally consisting of a set of rolls of fixed detours traversed by the web in zigzag treatment, we work in all or nothing and we do not fully control the diffusion time of the material colorant according to the textile material and the dyes applied.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a method of continuous wet treatment of textile materials, such as in particular used for bleaching or dyeing a web of woven or non-woven textile material, which makes it possible to control the phases diffusion and development of the dyestuff in the textile according to the material to be treated and the dyes applied while avoiding the manual manipulations of change of aforementioned courses between two different types of consecutive treatment. Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the continuous wet treatment of textile materials which makes it possible to optimize the effectiveness of the dyes by controlling, by a continuous adjustment, the diffusion time of the dyestuff in the material. Textile

  during said treatment process.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a diffusion station of a dyestuff in a textile material which will in particular make it possible to implement the process of the present invention and which may advantageously be integrated in a continuous treatment plant. wet so as to avoid all the long, manual manipulations, which were up to this day obligatory during the changes of treatment. In fact, thanks to the stations of the present invention, it will be possible to modify the path of the web of textile material to be processed by external adjustments, avoiding the cuts of the web to be treated and the

lost material.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a station for diffusing a coloring matter in a textile material, which authorizes not an all-or-nothing operation but, on the contrary, a total control of the time of the invention.

  diffusion, by continuous adjustment, between a value practically zero and a predetermined maximum value.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for the continuous wet treatment of textile materials and a post-diffusion of the -colorante material in the textile material which will substantially reduce the costs of production of the textile. textile material

so treated.

  Other objects and advantages of the present invention

  will appear in the course of the description which follows, which

  However, this is an indication only and is not intended to limit it.

  The process for the continuous wet treatment of textile materials of the invention, such as in particular used for bleaching or dyeing a web of woven or non-woven textile material, in which a continuous web of material is passed through textile in an installation comprising different successive workstations, said web defining in the installation a continuous processing path having a given length L between the input and output of the installation, each respective workstation 30 processing a part of the length L corresponding to the

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  elementary length of the path traveled by the web in the workstation in question, is characterized in that: - the textile material is impregnated with a dyestuff, - the dyestuff is diffused into the textile material and is fully mistreated, according to the textile material to be treated, and the coloring materials applied, the diffusion time of the coloring matter in the textile material by controlling, by a continuous adjustment, the elementary length of the path traveled in the corresponding workstation, 10 - the dyestuff is fixed to the textile material, the textile material is rinsed to remove the excess non-fixed dyestuff,

  the web thus treated is dried.

  According to the invention, the diffusion station of a dyestuff in a textile material which will find particular application in a continuous treatment plant wet textile material such as for example used for bleaching or dyeing a web of textile material, woven or non-woven, allowing in particular the implementation of the method of the invention, is characterized in that it comprises compensating means for controlling and adjusting the length of the path traveled in said

  positioned by the web of textile material being processed between the entrance and the exit of the broadcast station in order to control the broadcast time.

  The invention will be better understood on reading the

  following description accompanied by the attached drawings which in

are an integral part.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a wet continuous treatment plant of a textile material using dye diffusion stations in the textile material according to one embodiment of the invention and allowing the treatment method of the

present invention.

  FIG. 2 represents a front view of a dye diffusion station in a textile material,

  according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Figure 3 shows a front view of the

  diffusion shown in Figure 2.

  The invention relates to a method of continuous wet treatment of textile materials, such as in particular used for bleaching or dyeing a tablecloth.

textile material woven or not.

  By way of example, FIG. 1 represents one of the processing installations that could be used to implement the method of the invention. However, this example is not limiting and other successions of posts

  work could be considered.

  Firstly, in the continuous treatment plant (1) from a feed station (2) capable of delivering the textile material to be treated (3) continuously, a web (4) is traversed. ) continuous textile material. Between the inlet (5) and the outlet (6) of the installation (1), the sheet (4) defines therein a continuous treatment path 25 having a given length L which is formed by the sum of the lengths elementary of the path traveled by the tablecloth (4)

  in each successive workstation.

  According to the example shown in FIG. 1, the installation successively comprises the following different work stations - a station (7) for impregnating the textile material to be treated with coloring matter in which the web (4) is circulated in said coloring material and then, for example, it is expressed by padding, - a station (8) for diffusing the dyestuff in the textile material to be treated, object of the present invention and which will be described later, - a station ( 9) for solubilizing the dyestuff in which the web (4) is impregnated with a chemical promoting this solubilization, - a station (10) for fixing the dyestuff in the textile material, which is in particular in the form of a known steaming device, a chemical treatment station (11) comprising, for certain treatments, a tank of acid solution in which the sheet (4) is immersed and then discharged by padding

for example,

  a second station (12) for diffusing and developing the dyestuff in the textile material of the present invention; - a rinsing station (13) made according to a traditional technique which makes it possible, in particular, by several successive rinses, eliminating the surplus of coloring matter not fixed to the sheet (4), - a drying station (14) formed for example by a heating radiator of known construction, - a station (15) for accumulating the sheet (4) treated who

  allows the web to be stored for subsequent winding on a reel (16) for example and to change the reel without stopping the machine.

  With this type of installation, we will be able to

  to implement wet continuous treatment processes of textile materials which use for dyeing the three broad categories of dyes described above, namely the "vat", "hydrone" and "indigosol" dyes.

  However, remember that each type of dye requires specific steps and a different course of the tablecloth

each case.

  Indeed, in the case of a dye of the "cell" type, it is necessary to carry out an air path just after the impregnation of the layer (4) of dyestuff in the station (7). This air course will be advantageously carried out

  in the broadcast station (8) of the present invention.

  Thus, the appearance and quality of the dyeing will be improved by the good diffusion of the dye in form.

  insoluble pigment in the fiber.

  On the other hand, to avoid the risk of modifying the dyestuff structure, and consequently to avoid turning the shade and influencing the solidity of the dye, the second air passage will be eliminated at the level of the dye station.

diffusion (12).

  With regard to the case of the "hydrone" dye padded in the reduced state with, for example, sodium hydrosulphite in solution, it will be advantageous to avoid the first air passage in the station (8) but on the other hand, allow the second passage to air in the diffusion station (12) of the invention. Thus, a good shade will be obtained and the second air passage after steaming at the station (10) will provide a higher dye yield of 10 to 15% since a portion of the non-dye would be leached during the rinse.

still fixed.

  Finally, in the case of the "indigosol" dye, it will be essential to perform both air passages at the diffusion station (8) and the

  station (12) both provided according to the invention.

  Indeed, in accordance with the invention, it avoids any manual manipulation to change the path of the path of the web (4) in the installation (1) and the following different process steps are carried out: - the textile material is impregnated of a well-defined dyestuff, for example at the station (7), the dyestuff is diffused into the textile material, for example at the level of the diffusion stations (8) and / or (12), and completely control, according to the textile material to be treated and the coloring materials applied, the diffusion time of the coloring matter in the textile material by controlling, by a continuous adjustment, the elementary length of the path traveled in the corresponding workstation ( 8) and / or (12), the dyestuff is fixed to the textile material, in particular at the stations (9), (10) and (11), the textile material is rinsed to eliminate the surplus of coloring matter not fixed, for example at nive at station 25 (13), finally, the web thus treated is dried, in particular at

marked post (14).

  More precisely, during the diffusion step, which is generally carried out by passing the textile web impregnated with the dyestuff with air, for

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  controlling the diffusion time, the basic length of the path traveled in the diffusion station (8) or (12) is regulated by means of compensating means (17) which make it possible to vary this length by a substantially zero value , and thus avoid the broadcast phase as for example at the station (12) of Figure 1 to a maximum preset value, and therefore allow a predetermined time of diffusion, as shown for example in the

station (8) of Figure 1.

  Moreover, according to the invention, the path of the web (4) and consequently its path is modified, while acting, during the continuous course of the web, on said compensating means (17), and yet simultaneously, one enslaves the unwinding speed of the sheet (4) via means (18) for controlling the tension of the sheet in order to increase the speed when it will be necessary to increase the length of the course or conversely to reduce the speed

  when it will reduce this length.

  These control means (18) will be constituted according to 2: known techniques and in particular by a floating roller system (19) which as a function of its angular displacement, gives information on the tension of the web (4) and allows the speed control so that the floating roller returns to its normal position. Similarly, it should be noted that the servo systems used are also techniques known to those skilled in the art that fall outside the scope of

the present invention.

  One embodiment as well as the operation of the diffusion station (8) or (12) of dyestuff in the textile material according to the present invention will be illustrated more precisely in FIGS. 2 and 3. In fact, the station of

  diffusion (8) or (12) essentially comprises compensating means (17) able to control and adjust the length of the path traveled in said station (8) or (12) by the web (4) 5 of textile material between its entry (20) and its output (21).

  Thus, the time of diffusion of the

  coloring matter in the textile material circulating there.

  More specifically, according to one embodiment, the diffusion station (8) or (12) comprises a frame (22) interposed 10 in the path of the web (4) of textile material in treatment and traversed by the web (4). from the inlet (20) to the outlet (21). The compensating means (17) are arranged in this frame (22) and consist essentially of: a first series of detour rollers (23) fixed with respect to the frame (22) and arranged on one side of the path of the web (4); - a second series of detours rollers (24), movable and arranged so that the two sets of rollers (23) and (24) can interpenetrate so that the second series (24) can be positioned on either side of the web path (4)

between two extreme positions.

  FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, in which the first set of detour rollers (23) is formed of a plurality of parallel rollers disposed horizontally and parallel to each other above the web path (4). ) and the second series of detours rollers (24) is formed of rollers, similar to the first, parallel to each other, arranged horizontally and in

  staggered from the first series (23).

  Thus, the second series of rollers (24) is able to be moved vertically between two extreme positions, a so-called "low position", indicated at (25) in FIG. 2, in which the second series of rollers (24) is placed under the path of the web (4), in particular without any detour or contact, to allow the shortest path and to allow a diffusion time practically zero, the other known as "high position" marked by (26) in FIG. 2, wherein the rollers (24) are placed at least above the path of the web (4) to enable and force the web (4) to traverse through said first and second sets of rolls ( 23) and (24) and thus allow a predetermined diffusion time. Thus, by a continuous adjustment of the compensating means (17), it will be possible to control the diffusion time from a zero value to a predetermined value, this by modifying the length of the path traversed in the broadcasting station. In addition, these changes will be ordered from outside the machine and will not require manual handling or stopping the line of treatment

  as was the case with known installations.

  In a detail of embodiment, as illustrated in particular in FIG. 3, the second series of movable rollers (24) is held in a frame (27) which, on the one hand, will have said second rollers for entanglement with the first series of rollers (23) and which, on the other hand, will be slidably mounted and guided in the frame (22) to ensure perfect parallelism between the planes defined by the sets of rollers and that of the path of the

tablecloth (4).

  Indeed, this parallelism is important to avoid

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  folds in the tablecloth and the resulting defects in treatment. Furthermore, the mobile frame (27) will comprise locking means to immobilize it according to the setting

  desired and allow stable operation.

  In order to vary the position of the frame (27) carrying the series of rollers (24) between the lower position (25) and the upper position (26), the diffusion station (8) or (12) will comprise means for elevation (28) which will allow, in particular according to a continuous adjustment, the different desired positions according to the nature of the textile web to be treated and

the dyes used.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, there will be a number of rolls of such detours as well as a height between the down position (25) and the up position (26) such that the time can be varied. broadcasting for example from 0 to a few minutes, which is equivalent to a course substantially close to 15 to 60 meters in the broadcast station with scrolling speeds of the tablecloth

  between 30 and 100 meters per minute.

  These elevation means may be constituted according to techniques known to those skilled in the art and for example shown in Figures 2 and 3 the transmission may be performed by a set of cables or chains (29) and pulleys of referral (30) connecting the frame to the elevating motor means (28). The lifting means may in particular be constituted by pneumatic or hydraulic jack systems, which will have adjustable pressure means on the sheet (4), slaved to the speed of travel of the sheet during the modification of the height of the sheet. second set of rollers

(24).

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  In the example shown a cylinder on each side will perform these movements, the two sets of jacks being synchronized with each other according to techniques known to those skilled in the art to maintain the required parallelism. Naturally, other implementations of the present invention could be envisaged without

get out of the frame of it.

  Moreover, the number of broadcasting stations used in an installation will be essentially conditioned by the nature of the material to be treated, the nature of the dyes

as well as their mode of application.

Claims (10)

  1. Process for the continuous wet treatment of textile materials, such as in particular used for the bleaching or dyeing of a web of woven or non-woven textile material, in which a continuous web (4) of material is passed through textile (3) in an installation (1) comprising different successive workstations (7) to (15), said web (4) defining in the installation a continuous process path having a given length L between the input ( 5) and the outlet (6) of the installation (1), each respective workstation treating a part of the length L corresponding to the elementary length of the path traveled by the web (4) in the workstation in question, made possible by the fact that: - the textile material is impregnated with a dyestuff - the dyestuff is diffused into the textile material and is totally controlled, depending on the textile material to be treated and the different materials dyes applied, the time of diffusion of the dyestuff in the textile material by controlling, by a continuous adjustment, the elementary length of the path traveled in the corresponding workstation (8) and / or (12), - the coloring matter to the textile material, the textile material is rinsed to remove the excess of non-fixed coloring matter,   the web (4) thus treated is dried.   2. Continuous treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion is carried out by passing the textile web (4) impregnated with the dyestuff into the air, characterized in that, in order to control the diffusion time, the basic length of the path traveled in the broadcast station (8) and / or (12) is regulated by means of compensating means (17) which make it possible to vary this length by one value substantially zero, and thus avoid the diffusion phase, to a maximum preset value, and consequently   to allow a predetermined time of diffusion.   3. Process for continuous treatment, according to claim 1, characterized in that the path of the web (4), and consequently its path, is modified by acting during the continuous course of the web. (4) by said compensating means (17) and simultaneously slowing the unwinding speed of the ply (4) via tension control means (18) of the ply to increase the speed to increase the path the tablecloth or vice versa. 4. Diffusion station (8) or (12) of a dyestuff in a textile material, which will find particular application in a facility (1) for continuous treatment 20 wet textile material, such as for example used for bleaching or dyeing a web (4) of woven or non-woven textile material, in particular allowing the method according to claim 1 to be carried out, characterized in that it comprises compensating means (17) for controlling and adjusting the elementary length of the path traveled in said station (8) or (12) by the web (4) of textile material being processed between the inlet (20) and the outlet (21) of said diffusion station in order to control the broadcast time. 5. station for dispensing a coloring material in a textile material, according to claim 4, said station (8) or (12) having a frame (22) interposed on the path of the web (4) of textile material being treated and traversed by the web (4) from the inlet (20) to the outlet (21), characterized in that the compensating means (17) consist of: - a first series of detour rolls (23) ) fixed relative to the frame (22) and disposed on one side of the path of the web (4) - a second series of detours rollers (24), movable and arranged so that the two sets of rollers (23) and (24) can interpenetrate so that the second series (24) can be positioned on either side of the web path (4)   between two extreme positions (25), (26).   6. Diffusion station according to claim 5, characterized in that: - the first set of detours rollers (23) is formed of parallel rollers arranged horizontally and parallel to the top of the path of the web (4). ), the second set of detours rollers (24) is formed of parallel rollers arranged horizontally and staggered with respect to the first series (23), able to be moved vertically between the two extreme positions, one of which is lower position "(25) in which the second series of rollers (24) is placed under the path of the web (4) to allow the shortest path and allow a diffusion time of substantially zero, the other said" position high "(26) in which the second series of rollers (24) is placed at least above the path of the web (4) to enable the web to traverse through said first and second series of rollers (23) and ( 24), and allows r a time of predetermined diffusion.   7. Broadcast station, according to claim 5, characterized in that the second series of rollers (24) has a frame (27), arranging said second rollers for entanglement with the first set of rollers (23), slidably mounted and guided in the frame (22) to ensure perfect parallelism between the planes defined by the rollers (23) and (24) and that of the path of the tablecloth (4).   8. Broadcasting station, according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises elevation means (28) of the movable frame (27) for varying, in a continuous adjustment, the position of the frame enter   the two extreme positions (25) and (26).   9. Broadcasting station, according to claim 7, wherein it comprises means for locking the mobile frame (27) to immobilize it according to the   desired setting and allow stable operation.   10. Diffusion station, according to claim 8, characterized in that the elevation means (28) have adjustable pressure means on the web (4) slaved to the speed of travel of the web during the changing the height of the second set of rollers (24).