FR2580627A1 - Process and composition for the manufacture of earthenware slabs and earthenware slabs thus obtained - Google Patents

Process and composition for the manufacture of earthenware slabs and earthenware slabs thus obtained Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2580627A1
FR2580627A1 FR8506051A FR8506051A FR2580627A1 FR 2580627 A1 FR2580627 A1 FR 2580627A1 FR 8506051 A FR8506051 A FR 8506051A FR 8506051 A FR8506051 A FR 8506051A FR 2580627 A1 FR2580627 A1 FR 2580627A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
sheet
parts
clay
plates
bowl
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8506051A
Other languages
French (fr)
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FR2580627B3 (en
Inventor
Georges Leroux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOUYER LEROUX SE BRIQUETERIE
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BOUYER LEROUX SE BRIQUETERIE
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Priority to FR8506051A priority Critical patent/FR2580627B3/en
Publication of FR2580627A1 publication Critical patent/FR2580627A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2580627B3 publication Critical patent/FR2580627B3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
    • B28B19/0092—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to webs, sheets or the like, e.g. of paper, cardboard
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The earthenware slabs are manufactured from a composition comprising 20 to 60 parts of clay, 15 to 35 parts of cement and a foaming agent in sufficient proportion for the apparent density of the mixture to be less than 1, the parts being expressed as a function of the dry weight of the ingredients. Application to the manufacture of earthenware slabs of large dimensions comprising cardboard on one face or on both faces.

Description

L'invention vise la fabrication de plaques en argile. The invention relates to the manufacture of clay plates.

Elle vise en particulier la fabrication de plaques minces, c'est-à-dire d'épaisseur inférieure à 5cm, de dimensions variables et par exemple ayant une hauteur d'étage et une largeur inférieure ou égale à 1,20 m, ceci à titre indicatif. It relates in particular to the manufacture of thin plates, that is to say of thickness less than 5 cm, of variable dimensions and for example having a floor height and a width less than or equal to 1.20 m, this at indicative title.

Pour fabriquer ces plaques, on utilise un mélange qui comprend essentiellement 20à 60 parties d'argile, 15 à 35 parties de ciment et un agent moussant en proportion suffisante pour que la masse volumique apparente du mélange soit inférieure à 1, les parties étant exprimées en fonction du poids sec des ingrédients. To make these plates, a mixture is used which essentially comprises 20 to 60 parts of clay, 15 to 35 parts of cement and a foaming agent in sufficient proportion so that the apparent density of the mixture is less than 1, the parts being expressed in according to the dry weight of the ingredients.

Ce mélange contient en outre, généralement, une proportion de charge qui est comprise de préférence entre 25 et 50 parties. Comme charge préférée, on utilise des cendres volantes. Comme autre charge, on utilise par exemple de la sciure de bois, de la pouzzolane, du sable ou des composants végétaux. This mixture also generally contains a proportion of filler which is preferably between 25 and 50 parts. As the preferred filler, fly ash is used. As other filler, sawdust, pozzolan, sand or plant components are used, for example.

Un procédé typique pour fabriquer une plaque d'argile à partir de la composition indiquée ci-dessus est un procédé qui comprend les étapes suivantes
- on prépare par broyage et laminage la matière première argileuse
- on mélange l'argile, le ciment, les charges et l'agent moussant, sans qu'il y ait un ordre préféré d'introduction des constituants dans le mélange
- on humidifie le mélange par apport d'un liquide, généralement de l'eau, et on travaille mécaniquement le mélange de façon à obtenir une pâte homogène. De préférence, on agite le mélange pendant l'homogénéisation pour que l'agent moussant puisse développer la bullosité nécessaire à l'allégement de la pâte. La proportion d'eau est choisie de préférence dans la gamme de 30 à 50% en poids total des matières sèches.A typical method for making a clay plate from the composition indicated above is a method which comprises the following steps
- the clay raw material is prepared by grinding and rolling
- the clay, the cement, the fillers and the foaming agent are mixed, without there being a preferred order of introduction of the constituents into the mixture
- The mixture is moistened by adding a liquid, generally water, and the mixture is worked mechanically so as to obtain a homogeneous paste. Preferably, the mixture is stirred during the homogenization so that the foaming agent can develop the bubbling necessary for lightening the dough. The proportion of water is preferably chosen from the range of 30 to 50% by total weight of the dry matter.

- on coule la pâte obtenue sur un support que l'on a préalablement enduit d'une matière de liaison. - The paste obtained is poured onto a support which has previously been coated with a bonding material.

La matière de support est de préférence un carton mais ce choix n'est pas exclusif ; il est prévu également d'utiliser une feuille ou nappe en matière plastique, par exemple en polyéthylène, ou une feuille ou nappe métallique ou un textile tissé ou non tissé.The support material is preferably a cardboard but this choice is not exclusive; provision is also made to use a plastic sheet or sheet, for example of polyethylene, or a metal sheet or sheet or a woven or nonwoven fabric.

La matière de liaison, dans le cas du carton, est avantageusement un ciment-colle. The bonding material, in the case of cardboard, is advantageously a mortar.

- on recouvre la face supérieure et les bords du produits ainsi coulé par une feuille de recouvrement qui est généralement de même nature que la feuille de support et cette feuille de recouvrement est de préférence enduite avec la même matière de liaison. - The upper face and the edges of the products thus cast are covered with a covering sheet which is generally of the same nature as the support sheet and this covering sheet is preferably coated with the same bonding material.

- on règle, si nécessaire, l'épaisseur et les dimensions du produit, par exemple par laminage et découpe en longueur, de façon à obtenir les plaques désirées. - We adjust, if necessary, the thickness and dimensions of the product, for example by rolling and cutting in length, so as to obtain the desired plates.

- on maintient les plaques pendant au moins 24h à l'air ambiant pour la mise en hydratation des plaques et on sèche les plaques pendant quelques heures à quelques jours. - The plates are kept for at least 24 hours in ambient air for the hydration of the plates and the plates are dried for a few hours to a few days.

EXEMPLE.
On prépare une composition qui comprend 40 parties d'argile, 33 parties de cendres volantes, 25 parties de ciment et 0,5 à 1,5% en poids d'un sel sodique de l'acide alcoylarylsulfonique (agent moussant).EXAMPLE.
A composition is prepared which comprises 40 parts of clay, 33 parts of fly ash, 25 parts of cement and 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of a sodium salt of alkylarylsulfonic acid (foaming agent).

On humidifie le mélange avec un poids d'eau égal à 40% du poids total du mélange de façon à obtenir une pâte homogène.  The mixture is moistened with a weight of water equal to 40% of the total weight of the mixture so as to obtain a homogeneous paste.

On prend une nappe de carton d'un grammage de 200 à 300 g/m2 et d'une épaisseur de 450 microns. We take a sheet of cardboard with a grammage of 200 to 300 g / m2 and a thickness of 450 microns.

et on replie ses deux bords longitudinaux vers le haut de façon à constituer une cuvette. On enduit la surface interne de cette cuvette avec une couche de ciment-colle d'une épaisseur de quelques dixièmes de mm.and its two longitudinal edges are folded upwards so as to constitute a bowl. The internal surface of this bowl is coated with a layer of thin-set mortar a few tenths of a mm thick.

On coule la pâte dans la cuvette ainsi constituée et on la recouvre,à l'intérieur delta cuvette, avec une nappe ou feuille de carton identique à celui de la cuvette et dont la face de contact a été également enduite de ciment-colle. On rabat les bords de la cuvette sur la face externe de la feuille de couverture et on les fixe à cette face. The dough is poured into the bowl thus formed and covered, inside the bowl, with a sheet or cardboard sheet identical to that of the bowl and the contact face of which has also been coated with thin-set mortar. The edges of the bowl are folded over the outer face of the cover sheet and fixed to this face.

On découpe le produit à la longueur voulue pour obtenir les plaques désirées que l'on sèche après une période de conservation dans l'air ambiant. The product is cut to the desired length to obtain the desired plates which are dried after a period of storage in ambient air.

Le produit obtenu présente les caractéristiques suivantes - masse volumique 0,8 à 1 kg/dm3 - résistance à la flexion
sur éprouvettes 130 x 25 x 10 mm
- dans le sens de la longueur du carton
50 à 75 bars
- dans le sens du travers du carton
25 à 50 bars
On remarquera que l'invention met en oeuvre la technique connue du durcissement de l'argile sans cuisson ou durcissement "chimique,'lequel est obtenu par réaction du ciment mais, dans le cas de la présente invention, le carton constitue comme une chambre d'hydratation et la mise en hydratation est donc obtenue par conservation dans l'air ambiant alors que dans le procédé connu de durcissement chimique la mise en hydratation se fait nécessairement en air humide. The product obtained has the following characteristics - density 0.8 to 1 kg / dm3 - resistance to bending
on test pieces 130 x 25 x 10 mm
- in the length direction of the box
50 to 75 bars
- across the board
25 to 50 bars
It will be noted that the invention uses the known technique of hardening the clay without firing or "chemical" hardening, which is obtained by reaction of the cement but, in the case of the present invention, the cardboard constitutes as a chamber. hydration and hydration is therefore obtained by conservation in ambient air while in the known process of chemical hardening hydration is necessarily done in moist air.

Un autre aspect important de l'invention est l'emploi d'un ciment-colle comme agent de liaison entre le carton et l'argile. Un tel agent de liaison en effet établit des liaisons en profondeur entre le carton et la masse de l'argile. Another important aspect of the invention is the use of a mortar as a bonding agent between the cardboard and the clay. Such a binding agent in fact establishes in-depth connections between the cardboard and the mass of the clay.

Les plaques ainsi obtenues sont plus particulièrement destinées à la réalisation de cloisons de partition ou de doublage de murs. Elles permettent également la réalisation de bardages de murs extérieurs et d'éléments de toitures.  The plates thus obtained are more particularly intended for the production of partition partitions or lining of walls. They also allow the cladding of exterior walls and roofing elements.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Composition pour la fabrication d'une plaque en argile, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend 20 à 60 parties d'argile, 15 à 35 parties de ciment et un agent moussant en proportion suffisante pour que la masse volumique apparente du mélange soit inférieure à 1, les parties étant exprimées en fonction du poids sec des ingrédients.1. Composition for the manufacture of a clay plate, characterized in that it comprises 20 to 60 parts of clay, 15 to 35 parts of cement and a foaming agent in sufficient proportion so that the apparent density of the mixture is less than 1, the parts being expressed as a function of the dry weight of the ingredients. 2. Composition selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend de 25 à 50 parties de cendres volantes.2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises from 25 to 50 parts of fly ash. 3. Composition selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'agent moussant est un sel sodique de l'acide alcoylarylsulfonique.3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foaming agent is a sodium salt of alkylarylsulfonic acid. 4. Procédé pour fabriquer une plaque en argile, caractérisé en ce qu.'il comprend les étapes consistant à4. Method for manufacturing a clay plate, characterized in that it comprises the steps consisting in - préparer la matière première argileuse et lui incorporer le ciment, l'agent moussant et les autres charges de façon à obtenir une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, preparing the clayey raw material and incorporating into it the cement, the foaming agent and the other fillers so as to obtain a composition according to one of claims 1 to 3, - humidifier le mélange par apport d'un liquide, généralement de l'eau et l'homogénéiser pour obtenir une pâte, - moisten the mixture by adding a liquid, generally water, and homogenize it to obtain a paste, - couler la pâte sur un support en feuille ou en nappe que l'on a préalablement enduit d'une matière de liaison et recouvrir la pâte avec une feuille ou une nappe de recouvrement préalablement enduite d'un agent de liaison, - pour the dough onto a support in sheet or in sheet which has previously been coated with a binding material and cover the dough with a sheet or a covering sheet previously coated with a binding agent, - régler , si nécessaire, l'épaisseur et les dimensions du produit pour obtenir des plaques. - adjust, if necessary, the thickness and dimensions of the product to obtain plates. 5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un ciment-colle comme agent de liaison.5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that a mortar is used as a bonding agent. 6. Procédé selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un carton comme support et comme recouvrement. 6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a cardboard is used as a support and as a covering. 7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un support en forme de cuvette, en ce qu'on dispose la feuille ou nappe de recouvrement à l'intérieur de la cuvette et en ce qu'on rabat les bords de la cuvette sur la face externe de cette feuille ou nappe et on les fixe à cette face.7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a support in the form of a bowl is used, in that the covering sheet or sheet is placed inside the bowl and in that flap the edges of the bowl on the outer face of this sheet or tablecloth and they are fixed to this face. 8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on maintient les plaques pendant au moins 24h à l'air ambiant avant de les sécher.8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates are kept for at least 24 hours in ambient air before drying them. 9. Les plaques d'argile obtenues par une composition selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 ou par un procédé selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8.9. The clay plates obtained by a composition according to one of claims 1 to 3 or by a process according to one of claims 4 to 8. 10. Les plaques d'argile selon la revendication 9, caractérisées en ce qu'elles comportent sur les deux faces un carton dont le grammage est compris entre 200 et 300 g/m2. 10. The clay plates according to claim 9, characterized in that they comprise on both sides a cardboard whose grammage is between 200 and 300 g / m2.
FR8506051A 1985-04-22 1985-04-22 PROCESS AND COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CLAY PLATES AND CLAY PLATES THUS OBTAINED Expired FR2580627B3 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8506051A FR2580627B3 (en) 1985-04-22 1985-04-22 PROCESS AND COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CLAY PLATES AND CLAY PLATES THUS OBTAINED

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8506051A FR2580627B3 (en) 1985-04-22 1985-04-22 PROCESS AND COMPOSITION FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CLAY PLATES AND CLAY PLATES THUS OBTAINED

Publications (2)

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FR2580627A1 true FR2580627A1 (en) 1986-10-24
FR2580627B3 FR2580627B3 (en) 1987-08-28

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991019058A1 (en) * 1990-05-26 1991-12-12 Peter Breidenbach Clay tile and process for manufacturing it
BE1011238A3 (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-06-01 Olivier Joris Tile protection

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1991019058A1 (en) * 1990-05-26 1991-12-12 Peter Breidenbach Clay tile and process for manufacturing it
US5322738A (en) * 1990-05-26 1994-06-21 Peter Breidenbach Clay building board and process for producing it
BE1011238A3 (en) * 1997-06-26 1999-06-01 Olivier Joris Tile protection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2580627B3 (en) 1987-08-28

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