FR2479182A1 - Moulded facing for construction element - with skin produced from magnesium oxide and chloride binder - Google Patents

Moulded facing for construction element - with skin produced from magnesium oxide and chloride binder Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2479182A1
FR2479182A1 FR8006569A FR8006569A FR2479182A1 FR 2479182 A1 FR2479182 A1 FR 2479182A1 FR 8006569 A FR8006569 A FR 8006569A FR 8006569 A FR8006569 A FR 8006569A FR 2479182 A1 FR2479182 A1 FR 2479182A1
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Prior art keywords
facings
binder
magnesium oxide
resin
preparation
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FR8006569A
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French (fr)
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FR2479182B1 (en
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BECKERICH PHILIPPE
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BECKERICH PHILIPPE
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Priority to FR8006569A priority Critical patent/FR2479182B1/en
Priority to FR8016777A priority patent/FR2487816B2/en
Priority to JP4255181A priority patent/JPS56149360A/en
Publication of FR2479182A1 publication Critical patent/FR2479182A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/14—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/42—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0285—Condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
    • B32B2305/022—Foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2361/00—Phenoplast, aminoplast
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2375/00—Polyureas; Polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Abstract

Moulded facings for construction elements are produced by casting a two-component hydraulic binder onto the bottom of a mould to form a surface skin, reinforcing the skin with at least one reinforcing layer of mineral, vegetable or organic origin, and heating to 40-50 deg.C to accelerate oxychloride formation by the magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride components of the binder. The facings are completely non-flammable, having high mechanical strength and contain a max. amt. of natural reinforcing materials. The binder pref. consists of 20-30% magnesium chloride, 70-80% magnesium oxide and as small an amt. of water as is required to obtain a mouldable mixt. The binder may contain 25-30% filler such as sand, laterite, calcium carbonate or marble powder. The binder layer is pref. reinforced by fibres, esp. a glass fibre mat comprising 2-5% of the layer.

Description

L'invention concerne d'une manière générale un procédé d'élaboration de parements de revêtement pour éléments de construction. The invention relates generally to a method for preparing cladding for building elements.

L'invention concerne également les éléments de construction faisant application de ce procédé. The invention also relates to the building elements applying this method.

Il convient, avant d'aborder les dispositions principales de l'invention, de rappeler les difficultés rencontrées à l'occasion de la production de produits de construction moulables, notamment du genre parements, éléments de couverture, panneaux de bardage, d'aspect noble, ainsi que les dérivés de tels parements, tels que murs, cloisons, planchers; dalles de toits, etc... Before approaching the main provisions of the invention, it is necessary to recall the difficulties encountered during the production of moldable construction products, in particular of the type of facing, covering elements, cladding panels, of noble appearance. , as well as derivatives of such facings, such as walls, partitions, floors; roof tiles, etc ...

Pour de tels produits, on est à la recherche de nouvelles combinaisons de constituants qui permettent une mise en oeuvre aisée, qui présentent une grande stabilité dimensionnelle et qui ne nécessitent pas de matériels sophistiqués et coûteux pour leur production. For such products, we are looking for new combinations of constituents which allow easy implementation, which have great dimensional stability and which do not require sophisticated and expensive materials for their production.

On est également à la recherche d'un procédé permettant l'utilisation de matériaux disponibles sur le sol d'utilisation, en particulier les armatures et les agrégats. We are also looking for a process allowing the use of materials available on the ground of use, in particular reinforcements and aggregates.

On citera comme état de la technique le plus voisin, tout d'abord les parements de ciment, armés de fibre de verre. The closest neighboring state of the art is, first of all, cement facing, reinforced with fiberglass.

La fabrication de tels produits est rendue difficile en raison des contraintes de retreint que l'on observe entre armature de verre et ciment, relativement incompatibles, ce qui conduit à la réalisation d'éléments "travaillant" par opposition à des éléments "neutres". Ces éléments "travaillant" sont plus ou moins voilés ou gauches, sont instables en forme et en dimensions, et parfois sont sujets au délaminage, c'est-à-dire à une propension à la séparation verre-ciment. The manufacture of such products is made difficult because of the constrictions that are observed between glass frame and cement, relatively incompatible, which leads to the production of "working" elements as opposed to "neutral" elements. These "working" elements are more or less veiled or awkward, are unstable in shape and in size, and sometimes are subject to delamination, that is to say to a propensity for glass-cement separation.

Avec un tel procédé, on a malgré tout réalisé des parements qui ont un aspect médiocre, peu noble et pouvant présenter quelques défauts. With such a process, however, facings have been made which have a mediocre appearance, not very noble and which may have some defects.

En dehors des ciments, on connaît d'autres "peaux" ou parements ne présentant pas les défauts des ciments, mais le plus souvent, d'origine pétrolière, assujettis en conséquence à d'éventuelles difficultés d'approvisionnement. Ces produits de base sont toujours coûteux et nécessitent pour leur mise en fabrication des investissements usine et machine importants.  Apart from cements, other "skins" or facings are known which do not have the defects of cements, but more often than not, of petroleum origin, subject consequently to possible supply difficulties. These basic products are always expensive and require significant factory and machine investments for their manufacturing.

Ces autres procédés sont totalement inadaptés dans les pays non équipés d'industrie chimique développée.These other processes are totally unsuitable in countries not equipped with a developed chemical industry.

On ressent donc vivement le besoin d'un procédé original d'élaboration de parements de revetememnt et de leurs dérivés, qui serait exempt des inconvénients précités. There is therefore a strong need for an original process for the preparation of coverings and their derivatives, which would be free from the aforementioned drawbacks.

Un premier but de l'invention est donc de fournir un procédé pouvant être mis en oeuvre sans structure industrielle sophistiquée et permettant l'emploi d'un maximum de produits naturels de renfort, végétaux ou minéraux, disponibles sur le lieu de fabrication. A first object of the invention is therefore to provide a process which can be implemented without a sophisticated industrial structure and which allows the use of a maximum of natural reinforcing products, plant or mineral, available at the place of manufacture.

Un autre but de l'invention est de fournir un procédé permettant de réaliser des parements et leurs dérivés qui soient totalement ininflammables, de grande résistance mécanique et de n'être pas exposés notamment durant le processus de moulage, aux phénomènes de retrait important connus. Another object of the invention is to provide a process making it possible to produce facings and their derivatives which are completely non-flammable, of high mechanical strength and not to be exposed in particular during the molding process, to the known significant shrinkage phenomena.

Le procédé de l'invention est basé sur la découverte d'une affinité inattendue entre, d'une part une résine hydraulique bi-composant et d'autre part, des matériaux de renfort d'origines aussi diverses que organique, minérale, végétale, etc... The process of the invention is based on the discovery of an unexpected affinity between, on the one hand a two-component hydraulic resin and on the other hand, reinforcement materials of origins as diverse as organic, mineral, vegetable, etc ...

Suivant l'invention, le procédé pour l'élaboration de parements moulables et leurs dérivés pour éléments de construction, consiste à préparer une résine hydraulique bi-composant, constituée d'un mélange d'oxyde de magnésium et de chlorure de magnésium, d'autre part, à couler cette résine en fond de moule pour constituer une peau de surface, et on renforce cette peau avec au moins une couche d'armature d'origine minérale, végétale, ou organique, d'autre part encore, à accélérer la formation d'oxychlorure par un apport de chaleur compris notamment entre 40 et 50 C. According to the invention, the method for the preparation of moldable facings and their derivatives for building elements, consists in preparing a two-component hydraulic resin, consisting of a mixture of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride, on the other hand, to pour this resin at the bottom of the mold to constitute a surface skin, and this skin is reinforced with at least one layer of reinforcement of mineral, vegetable or organic origin, on the other hand, to accelerate the formation of oxychloride by a heat supply in particular between 40 and 50 C.

Suivant une disposition de l'invention, on constitue la résine hydraulique à partir d'un mélange comprenant - 20 à 30 % de chlorure de magnésium - 70 à 80 % d'oxyde de magnésium - une quantité d'eau variable, mais aussi faible que possible pour obtenir
un mélange coulable et moulable. According to a provision of the invention, the hydraulic resin is made from a mixture comprising - 20 to 30% of magnesium chloride - 70 to 80% of magnesium oxide - a variable, but also small, quantity of water as possible to get
a flowable and moldable mixture.

Suivant un mode de réalisation, pour l'élaboration de dérivés, les parements sont associés à un mortier de remplissage obtenu à partir de la résine hydraulique bi-composant à laquelle on ajoute, de préférence par malaxage, des agrégats tels que nodules végétaux, nodules de polystirène expansé, nodules organiques, laine de verre, laine de roche, déchets combustibles ou non. According to one embodiment, for the preparation of derivatives, the facings are associated with a filling mortar obtained from the two-component hydraulic resin to which is added, preferably by kneading, aggregates such as plant nodules, nodules of expanded polystirene, organic nodules, glass wool, rock wool, combustible or non-combustible waste.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation, on introduit dans le mortier de remplissage un agrégat essentiellement à base de balle de riz. According to another embodiment, an aggregate essentially based on rice husk is introduced into the filling mortar.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages ressortiront encore de la description détaillée qui suit, des exemples et des dessins joints montrant, à titre d'exemple, des applications du procédé à l'industrie du bâtiment. Other characteristics and advantages will emerge from the following detailed description, examples and attached drawings showing, by way of example, applications of the process to the building industry.

Dans ces dessins
La Figure 1 est une vue en perspective avec partie arrachée montrant un parement de revêtement selon le procédé de l'invention.In these drawings
Figure 1 is a perspective view with part broken away showing a coating facing according to the method of the invention.

La Figure 2 est une vue en perspective montrant avec partie
arrachée d'un élément de construction moulé du genre sandwich pour mur
porteur, dalle de toit, etc...Figure 2 is a perspective view showing with part
torn from a molded building element of the sandwich type for a wall
carrier, roof slab, etc ...

Suivant l'invention, le procédé consiste à préparer tout d'abord une résine hydraulique bi-composant constituée d'un mélange d'oxyde de magnésium et de chlorure de magnésium. Pour former une pâte pure, destinée à constituer, d'une part un parement de revêtement, utilisable en l'état, d'autre part, à constituer une peau de surface, par exemple pour un panneau sandwich apte à constituer un mur porteur, une dalle de toit, une dalle de plancher, etc... According to the invention, the method consists in first of all preparing a two-component hydraulic resin consisting of a mixture of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride. To form a pure paste, intended to constitute, on the one hand a coating facing, usable in the state, on the other hand, to constitute a surface skin, for example for a sandwich panel capable of constituting a load-bearing wall, a roof slab, a floor slab, etc ...

Pour obtenir une påte pure, on pourra se baser sur une composition moyenne comprenant 7 parties en poids de chlorure de magnésium, que l'on mélange à 3. 5 parties d'eau. To obtain a pure paste, one can base oneself on an average composition comprising 7 parts by weight of magnesium chloride, which is mixed with 3.5 parts of water.

Après avoir homogénéisé convenablement ce premier mélange, on y ajoute 23 parties d'oxyde de magnésium, ce qui conduit à la formation d'une pue coulable et moulable. After having properly homogenized this first mixture, 23 parts of magnesium oxide are added thereto, which leads to the formation of a flowable and moldable stink.

Dans le cas de réalisation d'un parement, on coule la pâte pure en fond de moule, et on renforce cette couche de pâte par introduction de fibres d'armature et plus particulièrement un mat de verre dans une proportion de 2 à 5 %. In the case of making a facing, the pure paste is poured into the bottom of the mold, and this layer of paste is reinforced by the introduction of reinforcing fibers and more particularly a glass mat in a proportion of 2 to 5%.

On a découvert qu'une telle préparation avait un temps de prise à l'air libre d'environ 48 heures; Suivant une étape du présent procédé, on accélère la formation d' oxychIorure, par un apport de chaleur compris notamment entre 40 et 50 C, ce qui permet de ramener le temps de prise entre 4 et 6 heures, et par suite; industrialiser le procédé à moindre frais, puisque la mise en oeuvre peut se faire dans des moules, travaillant à la pression atmosphérique. It has been discovered that such a preparation has a setting time in the open air of about 48 hours; According to a stage of the present process, the formation of oxychloride is accelerated, by a heat supply in particular between 40 and 50 ° C., which makes it possible to reduce the setting time between 4 and 6 hours, and consequently; industrialize the process inexpensively, since the implementation can be done in molds, working at atmospheric pressure.

Le produit fini se caractérise par une grande dureté, et un aspect à grain fin, entrant dans la catégorie des matières nobles,
Le produit moulé offre en outre une stabilité dimensionnelle remarquable, un retrait extr8mement faible lors de la réticulation, et un aspect de surface impeccablement lisse si on le désire.The finished product is characterized by great hardness, and a fine-grained appearance, falling into the category of noble materials,
The molded product also offers remarkable dimensional stability, extremely low shrinkage during crosslinking, and an impeccably smooth surface appearance if desired.

La résine hydraulique bi-composant a une aptitude au moulage exceptionnelle, y compris dans les gravures les plus fines, sans que pour autant au démoulage, il se produise des défauts d'aspect. The two-component hydraulic resin has an exceptional molding ability, including in the finest engravings, without, however, in the mold release, appearance defects occur.

La pàte pure est encore remarquable en ce qu'elle est totalement incombustible, et qu'elle permet d'ignifuger totalement des produits d'appoint comme par exemple des agrégats par nature combustibles, tels que par exemple : la sciure de bois, les fibres de coco, l'enveloppe d'arachide, les billes de polystirène, les déchets de mousse, naturels ou synthétiques, etc... Pure pulp is also remarkable in that it is completely incombustible, and that it makes it possible to completely fireproof adjunct products such as, for example, aggregates by nature combustible, such as for example: sawdust, fibers coconut, peanut husk, polystyrene beads, foam waste, natural or synthetic, etc.

Dans la pâte pure ou le mortier, il est avantageux pour certains modes d'application, d'introduire des charges, telles que sable, latérite, carbonate de calcium, poudre de marbre, le pourcentage d'incorporation étant en général de 25 à 30 %. In pure paste or mortar, it is advantageous for certain modes of application to introduce fillers, such as sand, laterite, calcium carbonate, marble powder, the percentage of incorporation being generally from 25 to 30 %.

Suivant un aspect particulier du présent procédé, parmi les charges, on peut utiliser un sable salé, qui a une parfaite compatibilité avec la résine hydraulique bi-composant, alors que la présence de sel rend inexploitable les gisements salés, dans la constitution de mortier normalisé à base de ciment. According to a particular aspect of the present process, among the fillers, salty sand can be used, which has perfect compatibility with the two-component hydraulic resin, while the presence of salt makes salty deposits unusable, in the construction of standardized mortar based on cement.

Pour obtenir la réticulation de la pâte pure, ou chargée, on pourra notamment utiliser dans les pays chauds, la température ambiante, ce qui rend le procédé particulièrement économique, mais on pourra aussi, notamment dans les climats tempérés, accélérer la réticulation par un apport de chaleur, et plus spécialement un apport d'air chaud, ce qui est beaucoup plus économique et plus simple à mettre en oeuvre, que le séchage vapeur utilisé pour les bétons traditionnels. In order to obtain crosslinking of the pure or loaded dough, it is possible in particular to use in hot countries, ambient temperature, which makes the process particularly economical, but it is also possible, in particular in temperate climates, to accelerate the crosslinking by adding heat, and more specifically a supply of hot air, which is much more economical and simpler to implement, than the steam drying used for traditional concretes.

Le procédé suivant l'invention peut être mis en oeuvre suivant l'un quelconque des exemples suivants, pris séparément ou en combinaison. The process according to the invention can be carried out according to any one of the following examples, taken separately or in combination.

A l'aide de la composition de l'exemple 1, on a réalisé un échantillon de parement formé de pâte pure additionnée de fibres de verre sous forme de mat de verre et on a soumis cet échantillon à un test de compression - dimensions en cm 10.5x 12 x 0.2 - charge maximum 600 da N (7 c moyen 285 da N/cm2
Cette résistance exceptionnelle du matériau offre une sécurité vis-à-vis de la ruine encore jamais atteinte.Using the composition of Example 1, a facing sample formed of pure paste added with glass fibers in the form of a glass mat was produced and this sample was subjected to a compression test - dimensions in cm. 10.5x 12 x 0.2 - maximum load 600 da N (7 c medium 285 da N / cm2
This exceptional resistance of the material offers security against ruin never reached before.

Par ailleurs, on constate une absence totale de délaminage entre pâte pure et fibres de verre. Furthermore, there is a total absence of delamination between pure paste and glass fibers.

A l'aide des compositions des exemples 1 et 4, on a réalisé un échantillon de panneau comprenant un parement de pâte pure et sous-face en mortier de remplissage incorporant un agrégat de balles de riz - dimensions en cm I0, 5 x 12 x 0, 8 - charge maximum 950 da N - oc moyen 113 da N/cm2
Cette résistance à la compression permet de réaliser des murs porteurs aussi bien que des dalles de toits, ou autres éléments de construction répondant totalement aux normes de sécurité exigées dans les produits du bâtiment. Using the compositions of Examples 1 and 4, a panel sample was made comprising a facing of pure dough and underside in filling mortar incorporating an aggregate of rice husks - dimensions in cm I0, 5 x 12 x 0.8, maximum load 950 da N - medium oc 113 da N / cm2
This resistance to compression makes it possible to produce load-bearing walls as well as roof tiles, or other construction elements that fully meet the safety standards required in building products.

Exemple 1
Pour la réalisation de pâte pure dans la fabrication de parements de revêtement, les proportions des composants sont données en parties en poids - chlorure de magnésium 7 - eau 3.5 - oxyde de magnésium 23 -matdeverre 2 å 5 %
Exemple 2
Pâte pure additionnée de charge de complément - chlorure de magnésium 7 - eau 3.5 - oxyde de magnésium 23 - sable ou latérite 10
Exemple 3 Påte pure additionnée d'agrégats pour constituer un mortier de remplissage notamment à destination de panneaux sandwiches - chlorure de magnésium 6 - eau 5 - oxyde de magnésium 24 - émulsion vinylique 3 - billes de polystirêne 2
Exemple 4
Mortier de påte pure additionné d'agrégats végétaux:: - chlorure de magnésium 7 -eau 3.5 à 4 - oxyde de magnésium 23 - balle de riz 10 à 13
Dans l'exemple d'exécution de la figure 1, on a montré un mode d'exécution obtenu avec les formulations des exemples 1 et 2. Le parement est désigné par la référence générale 10. Le parement est constitué d'une pâte 11, qui peut être chargée en sable, en latérite, en sciure de bois fine, mais aussi avec une émulsion hydrofuge d'étanchéité, par exemple une émulsion vinylique.Example 1
For the production of pure paste in the manufacture of cladding facings, the proportions of the components are given in parts by weight - magnesium chloride 7 - water 3.5 - magnesium oxide 23 -material 2 to 5%
Example 2
Pure paste with additional charge - magnesium chloride 7 - water 3.5 - magnesium oxide 23 - sand or laterite 10
Example 3 Pure paste added with aggregates to form a filling mortar, in particular for sandwich panels - magnesium chloride 6 - water 5 - magnesium oxide 24 - vinyl emulsion 3 - polystyrene beads 2
Example 4
Pure paste mortar with added plant aggregates: - magnesium chloride 7 - water 3.5 to 4 - magnesium oxide 23 - rice husk 10 to 13
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, an embodiment has been shown obtained with the formulations of Examples 1 and 2. The facing is designated by the general reference 10. The facing consists of a paste 11, which can be loaded with sand, laterite, fine sawdust, but also with a waterproofing emulsion, for example a vinyl emulsion.

Ainsi qu'il a été indiqué, la pâte pure est coulée en fond de moule, lequel peut comporter des empreintes décoratives ou fonctionnelles si on le désire. As indicated, the pure paste is poured into the bottom of the mold, which can include decorative or functional imprints if desired.

Alors qu'elle est encore à l'état pâteux, on incorpore à la résine bi-composant un mat de verre 12, pré-imprégné de la méme résine. While it is still in the pasty state, a two-component glass mat 12, prepreg of the same resin, is incorporated into the two-component resin.

Le mat de verre est constitué de préférence de fibres courtes, c'est-à-dire de l'ordre de 5 cm. On a fait subir au mat d'armature un ensimage de protection et de liaison afin d'obtenir un parfait pontage physico-chimique, entre la résine bi-composant et les fibres de verre. The glass mat preferably consists of short fibers, that is to say of the order of 5 cm. The reinforcing mat was subjected to a protective and bonding size in order to obtain perfect physicochemical bridging, between the two-component resin and the glass fibers.

Dans le mode d'exécution représenté figure 2, on a montré un exemple de panneau sandwich revêtu double face de parements du genre représenté en figure 1. Pour la réalisation d'un tel panneau, on placera dans un premier moule la résine bi-composant armée de mat de verre, puis on superposera sur cette couche destinée à constituer la peau de surface, un mortier constitué de la même résine, mais chargé avec un agrégat, comme par exemple de la balle de riz 13. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, an example of a sandwich panel coated with double-sided facings of the kind shown in FIG. 1 has been shown. For the production of such a panel, the two-component resin will be placed in a first mold. armed with glass mat, then a mortar made of the same resin, but loaded with an aggregate, such as rice husk 13, will be superimposed on this layer intended to constitute the surface skin.

On peut avantageusement incorporer partiellement dans ce mortier de remplissage, une armature 14, qui peut être, comme dans l'exemple représenté, une armature de liaison entre deux moitis de panneau, ce qui permet, si on le désire, de constituer un vide d'air dans l'rame du panneau. One can advantageously partially incorporate into this filling mortar, a reinforcement 14, which can be, as in the example shown, a connection reinforcement between two panel halves, which allows, if desired, to constitute a vacuum d air in the panel array.

On notera encore que la résine bi-composant offre une aptitude remarquable à reproduire des empreintes fines ou profondes, pour former des renforts ou des décors architectoniques. It will also be noted that the two-component resin offers a remarkable ability to reproduce fine or deep imprints, to form reinforcements or architectural decorations.

On remarquera encore que les faces étroites des parements ou panneaux sandwiches peuvent également entre revêtues d'une couche de résine bi-composant. It will also be noted that the narrow faces of the facing or sandwich panels can also be coated with a layer of two-component resin.

Le procédé selon l'invention se prête aussi bien à la réalisation d'éléments construction nodulaires de petites dimensions, du genre parpaings ou dalles, qu'à la réalisation de panneaux monolithiques de grandes dimensions. The method according to the invention lends itself equally well to the production of nodular construction elements of small dimensions, of the concrete block or slab type, as to the production of monolithic panels of large dimensions.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples d'exécution ci-dessus décrits et représentés, pour lesquels on pourra prévoir d'autres variantes sans pour cela sortir du cadre des revendications annexées.  Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown, for which other variants can be provided without thereby departing from the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS 1) Procédé d'élaboration de parements moulables de revêtement et leurs dérivés pour éléments de construction, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, d'une part à préparer une résine hydraulique bi-composant, constituée d'un mélange d'oxyde de magnésium et de chlorure de magnésium, d'autre part, à couler cette résine en fond de moule pour constituer une peau de surface, et on renforce cette peau avec au moins une couche d'armature d'origine minérale, végétale, ou organique, d'autre part encore, à accélérer la formation d'oxychlorure par un apport de chaleur compris notamment entre 40 et 50 C. 1) Process for the preparation of moldable coverings and their derivatives for building elements, process characterized in that it consists, on the one hand, in preparing a two-component hydraulic resin, consisting of a mixture of oxide of magnesium and magnesium chloride, on the other hand, to pour this resin at the bottom of the mold to constitute a surface skin, and this skin is reinforced with at least one layer of reinforcement of mineral, vegetable or organic origin, on the other hand, to accelerate the formation of oxychloride by a heat supply in particular between 40 and 50 C. 2) Procédé selon la revendication I, caractérisé en ce que l'on constitue la résine hydraulique à partir d'un mélange comprenant - 20 % à 30 % de chlorure de magnésium - 70 % à 80 % d'oxyde de magnésium - une quantité d'eau variable, mais aussi faible que possible pour obtenir 2) Method according to claim I, characterized in that the hydraulic resin is formed from a mixture comprising - 20% to 30% of magnesium chloride - 70% to 80% of magnesium oxide - an amount variable water, but as low as possible to get un mélange coulable et moulable. a flowable and moldable mixture. 3) Procédé selon les revendications I et 2, caractérise en ce que l'on introduit dans la préparation moulable, des charges de complément et notamment des pigments, du sable, du carbonate de calcium, de la poudre de marbre, de la latérite, de l'oxyde de fer, ainsi qu'un agent hydrofuge. 3) Process according to claims I and 2, characterized in that additional fillers are introduced into the mouldable preparation and in particular pigments, sand, calcium carbonate, marble powder, laterite, iron oxide, as well as a water repellent. 4) Procéde selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on renforce la préparation hydraulique avec un mat de verre que l'on soumet à un ensimage d'accrochage compatible avec l'oxychlorure. 4) Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic preparation is reinforced with a glass mat which is subjected to a bonding size compatible with the oxychloride. 5) Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications I et 2, caractérisé en ce que pour l'élaboration de dérivés, les parements sont associés à un mortier de remplissage, obtenu à partir de la résine hydraulique bi-composant à laquelle on ajoute, de préférence par malaxage, des agrégats tels que nodules végétaux, nodules de polystirène expansé, nodules organiques, laine de verre, laine de roche, déchets combustibles, ou non.  5) Method according to any one of claims I and 2, characterized in that for the preparation of derivatives, the facings are associated with a filling mortar, obtained from the two-component hydraulic resin to which is added, preferably by kneading, aggregates such as plant nodules, expanded polystirene nodules, organic nodules, glass wool, rock wool, combustible waste, or not. 6) Application des produits, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'on réalise des formes moulées à l'aide desdits produits pour obtenir notamment des panneaux sandwiches. 6) Application of the products according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that molded shapes are produced using said products to obtain in particular sandwich panels. 7) Application des produits selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'on introduit dans le mortier de remplissage, un agrégat essentiellement à base de balle de riz. 7) Application of the products according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one introduces into the filling mortar, an aggregate essentially based on rice husk. 8) Application des produits selon l'une quelconque des revendications I à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'on revêt la face extérieure des parements d'un vernis de finition et d'étanchéification, de préférence un vernis polyuréthane. 8) Application of the products according to any one of claims I to 7, characterized in that the outer face of the facings is coated with a finishing and sealing varnish, preferably a polyurethane varnish. 9) Application des produits selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que, dans la fabrication de panneaux sandwiches, les parements sont associés à une sous face en mousse organique expansée, notamment polyuréthane ou phénolique chargée ou non d'agrégats.  9) Application of the products according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in the manufacture of sandwich panels, the facings are associated with an underside of expanded organic foam, in particular polyurethane or phenolic charged or not with aggregates.
FR8006569A 1980-03-25 1980-03-25 PROCESS FOR PREPARING COVERING FACINGS FOR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, AS WELL AS CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS OBTAINED BY APPLICATION OF THIS PROCESS Expired FR2479182B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8006569A FR2479182B1 (en) 1980-03-25 1980-03-25 PROCESS FOR PREPARING COVERING FACINGS FOR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, AS WELL AS CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS OBTAINED BY APPLICATION OF THIS PROCESS
FR8016777A FR2487816B2 (en) 1980-03-25 1980-07-30 PROCESS FOR PREPARING COVERING FACINGS FOR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS AS WELL AS CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS OBTAINED BY APPLICATION OF THIS PROCESS
JP4255181A JPS56149360A (en) 1980-03-25 1981-03-25 Manufacture of molded goods from hydraulic mineral composite material

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FR8006569A FR2479182B1 (en) 1980-03-25 1980-03-25 PROCESS FOR PREPARING COVERING FACINGS FOR CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, AS WELL AS CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS OBTAINED BY APPLICATION OF THIS PROCESS

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996033866A1 (en) * 1995-04-26 1996-10-31 Irs Gmbh Laminated structure with improved fire resistance and procedure for the manufacture of the structure
ES2187258A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2003-05-16 Gonzalez Ricardo Abad Composition for manufacture of building materials comprises natural stone in granule and powder form, magnesium chlorate, basic polyamide, and silanes
ES2284400A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Ricardo Abad Gonzalez Tile production involves introducing mold by gravity, injection or extrusion of mass, where mass comprises mixture of materials along with other components

Families Citing this family (1)

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JP2009256112A (en) * 2006-08-16 2009-11-05 Nitto Boseki Co Ltd Method for producing cured magnesia cement foam, cured foam obtained by the method, and molded object comprising the cured object

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FR892287A (en) * 1942-09-08 1944-04-03 Manufacturing process for cold production of any very hard and waterproof ceramic object
DE899470C (en) * 1949-05-03 1953-12-10 Emmy Brueckner Objects made of foam magnetic seat cement
US2692219A (en) * 1951-07-05 1954-10-19 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Structural panel
US2712512A (en) * 1951-04-17 1955-07-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Inorganic structural sheet material
DE966978C (en) * 1951-03-25 1957-09-19 Willi Scholze Process for the production of radiation protection tiles, floor covering panels or the like.
US3745031A (en) * 1971-05-17 1973-07-10 Albi Mfg Corp Insulating composition
US3778304A (en) * 1971-11-01 1973-12-11 Thompson Chemicals Inc Magnesium oxychloride fireproofing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR892287A (en) * 1942-09-08 1944-04-03 Manufacturing process for cold production of any very hard and waterproof ceramic object
DE899470C (en) * 1949-05-03 1953-12-10 Emmy Brueckner Objects made of foam magnetic seat cement
DE966978C (en) * 1951-03-25 1957-09-19 Willi Scholze Process for the production of radiation protection tiles, floor covering panels or the like.
US2712512A (en) * 1951-04-17 1955-07-05 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Inorganic structural sheet material
US2692219A (en) * 1951-07-05 1954-10-19 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Structural panel
US3745031A (en) * 1971-05-17 1973-07-10 Albi Mfg Corp Insulating composition
US3778304A (en) * 1971-11-01 1973-12-11 Thompson Chemicals Inc Magnesium oxychloride fireproofing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996033866A1 (en) * 1995-04-26 1996-10-31 Irs Gmbh Laminated structure with improved fire resistance and procedure for the manufacture of the structure
ES2187258A1 (en) * 2000-12-15 2003-05-16 Gonzalez Ricardo Abad Composition for manufacture of building materials comprises natural stone in granule and powder form, magnesium chlorate, basic polyamide, and silanes
ES2284400A1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-01 Ricardo Abad Gonzalez Tile production involves introducing mold by gravity, injection or extrusion of mass, where mass comprises mixture of materials along with other components

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS56149360A (en) 1981-11-19
FR2479182B1 (en) 1985-07-26

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