FR2578708A1 - ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FOR A LIGHTING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR AEROPORT INDICATOR HOUSING - Google Patents

Abstract

A LIGHTING DEVICE D INCLUDES A CT CURRENT TRANSFORMER, THE SECONDARY OF WHICH SUPPLIES AT LEAST ONE FLUORESCENT LAMP WITH ITS STARTING ORGANS. IN PARALLEL ON THE SECONDARY ARE PROVIDED FOR CLEARING AND AGREEMENT ORGANS 50, 51, 52 SUITABLE TO CONSUME, WHEN THE ASSOCIATED LAMP IS FAILING, A SUBSTANTIAL FRACTION OF THE NOMINAL ENERGY REQUESTED BY IT. PREFERREDLY, TWO LAMPS ARE PROVIDED IN EACH DEVICE, DETECTION 30 OF THE FACT THAT ONE L1 OF THESE LAMPS DOES NOT START, ALLOWING SUPPLY I TO GO TO THE SECOND L2 LAMP.

Description

Aff. Nicolas 2

  Lighting device, especially for indi box: -

airport.

  The invention lies in the fields of lighting

public or intended for the public.

  We already know lighting installations including

  a power supply circuit in

  alternating current, of the regulated current loop type.

  Such a regulated current loop, which generally operates

  In the case of medium-voltage alternating voltage, the primary windings of medium-voltage / low-voltage transformers are routed in series. By their side, these

  transformers in turn feed each one a plu -

  of lighting devices, mounted electrically-

  in series, and belonging to

respective players.

  Such indicator boxes are often used, particularly at airports. Their front face is provided with an indication for users, for example an arrow or a letter. So far these indicator boxes are mostly equipped

  filament lamps with metal halide, similar to

  to those used for ballistic lights.

  wise. A detailed example of the structure of such a known box will be given below.

  These known installations have different disadvantages

  the main causes are, on the one hand, the fact that the luminous efficiency of filament lamps with metal halide filaments is not very high, and on the other hand the fact that the lifetime of these same lamps

is relatively weak.

  The present invention is essentially intended to improve

improve this kind of installation.

  For this purpose, the invention proposes a device for illuminating

  rage to be part of a lighting installation.

rage of the type defined above.

  According to a first aspect of the invention, each

  lighting system includes a

  rant whose secondary feeds at least one fluorescent lamp, with its priming / regulating organs;

  the primary current transformers of the dif-

  lighting devices are intended to be

  mounted in series in the secondary circuit of the trans--

  medium voltage / low voltage trainer, which is

  shovel that the primary circuit is powered by the bou--

  regulated current key; finally, the secondary of each

  Current transformer is equipped in parallel with

  clipping stations to consume, when the associated lamp fails, a substantial fraction

  the nominal energy demanded by it. This pre-

  serve the passage from the nominal current to the windings

  primary components of other current transformers,

  thus ensuring the smooth functioning of the rest of the

  tallation. In one embodiment, the clip members

  consist of two high-voltage clipping diodes

  mounted in series head to tail.

  According to another aspect of the invention, it is: provided in parallel on the secondary of the current transformer of the device, a tuning member specific to

  provide an overvoltage characteristic by

  sonnance. Advantageously, this overvoltage characteristic

  resonance is adjusted so that the voltage

  secondary level provided decreases very quickly

  as soon as the load of the secondary increases, which. accé-

  When the fluorescent lamp is switched on, the current flowing through the clipping devices is greatly reduced as soon as the secondary voltage reaches the clipping value.

  Such a tuner may comprise a capacitor.

  According to another aspect of the invention, each lighting device comprises two connected lamps

  alternately by an inverter at the secondary of the trans-

  current trainer, and switching means, which react to the number of illuminations of a first

  lamp for a time longer than its amortization

  using the inverter to put the second

lamp in use.

  Mechanically, such a device may comprise a base plate provided with fixing openings in

  bean, and which supports a block of synthetic

  only overmoulded, having an intermediate level o are mounted the lamp or lamps, and an upper level of o emerge the terminals of the primary current transformer; electronic circuits and this

  transformer are embedded in said block.

  The switching means will then preferably comprise a photodetector housed in a column removably mounted on this block, and adapted to bring the photodetector substantially in contact with the part

  illuminating the first lamp. -

  Other features and advantages of the invention

  will appear on examination of the description de-

  cut out below, as well as appended drawings, in which: - Figure 1 illustrates a lighting installation of the prior art; FIG. 2 illustrates a lighting installation according to the invention; FIGS. 3 and 3B are two corresponding views, respectively from above and from the left, of an elementary device according to the invention; and FIG. 4 is a detailed electrical diagram of one embodiment of the device of the invention. FIG. 1 shows a medium voltage circuit MT, arranged in a BDCR regulated current loop, and comprising a medium voltage transformer n times. /low tension. It therefore has in each case a medium voltage primary PMT, and a secondary

low voltage SBT.

  Now considering only one processor

  medium voltage / low voltage, the low voltage circuit

  it feeds several

indicators CI1 to CI4.

  According to the prior art, each indicator box com-

  Take for example two metal halide filament lamps, such as the LF11 and LF12 lamps for the CI1 cabinet. Most often, these two lamps are arranged one in the upper part and the other in part

bass of the box.

  Those skilled in the art will understand that the failure of a single lamp interrupts the secondary circuit BT, which

  could thereby prevent all

to operate.

  To remedy this, it is customary to

  to each lamp a short circuit is controlled.

  The principle is as follows: when a lamp does not work, this is detected by any known means,

  and a parallel triac on the lamp is then de-

  latched, which bypasses the faulty lamp and

  then allows the other lamps to work.

  Typically, each box uses two watt lamps electrically mounted in series. All the boxes are themselves connected in series to the low voltage terminals of an isolation transformer whose

  primary is powered by a constant current loop

  between 5.5 and 6.6 Amperes.

  The electrical power consumed is therefore at least

  watts per box. It is actually a little bit higher

  If one considers the reactive current losses

  as well as in the transformers.

  Reference is now made to Figure 2, which

  defines the schematic diagram of a se-

  according to the invention, compared to FIG.

  The structure is the same until the low circuit

  if we. Now, this one, which always passes through the indicator boxes CI1 to CI4, meets in

  each box a device D1 to D4, respectively.

  Each of these devices is mounted substantially in the center of the box. As will be seen below, it comprises two lamps capable of operating in alternating mode, that is to say that one can supply the

deficiencies of the other.

  It will be noted that, independently of the problems that it had to solve, the Applicant has observed that fluorescent lamps used according to the invention, and

  even with a much lower power than

  the prior art, nevertheless allowed to obtain a completely satisfactory illumination in

a box.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B show that, mechanically, a device D (one of the devices D1 to D4) comprises a base plate 1, on which is mounted a block

  pyramidal general form, made of a syn-

  thetic like for example the polymerizing glue to two

  so-called araldite components (registered trademark).

  The pyramid is doubly truncated. On the one hand, it is truncated to an intermediate level 21, where

  provided openings for receiving the laminations

  Weigh L1 and L2, which are then mounted perpendicular to the plane face 1. At the top, the pyramid is truncated at a higher level 22, where B1 terminals appear.

  and B2 that will be found later.

  Between the two lamps LI and L2, for example on the

  intermediate caliber 21, is mounted a column 3, electrically and mechanically pluggable by pads such as 31 and 32 on the block 2. On the side of the lamp LI, this column 3 houses a photodetector 30, which is brought into contact with the illuminating part of this lamp. The assembly is preferably carried out

  so that this detector is very insensitive to

  sources of ambient light that can be

  Senter. Finally, the base plate 1 comprises, for example at an angle, fixing holes in the form of beans

such as 11, 12, 13 and 1.4.

  It should be noted in passing that the replacement of a

  complete set in an indicator box is rendered

  particularly simple, since it suffices

  expensive nipples that cooperate with these holes 11 to 14, after defeating the power terminals B1 and B2.

  The lamps L1 and L2 are, for example, fluorescent lamps

  ballast type resisters and incorporated regulator,

  such as the lamps known in France under the name of

  "Fairy" mination. It turned out that a single 9 watt power lamp could suffice for lighting a standardized airport box. You can switch to 18 watt lamps if necessary,

  by modifying the current transformer.

  FIG. 4 shows the electrical diagram of a device D according to the invention. Terminals B1 and B2 are terminals leading to

  the primary winding P of a transformer

  TC, with its magnetic circuit CM.

  This receives a main secondary winding S,

  which will be used to power the lighting. This

  primary bearing S first receives a capacitor 50 in parallel. This is followed in parallel by

  two high-voltage clipping diodes mounted head be-

che, 51 and 52.

  After that, an inverter I is encountered. In its rest position, this inverter I closes the circuit on a lamp L1. In his working position, he

closes on the L2 lamp.

  The lamp L1 receives in parallel a resistor R10 of high value. And it is coupled to the photodetector

30 already cited.

  An auxiliary secondary winding SA, provided in parallel with

  of a surge protector 70, feeds a bridge redres-

  80, whose outputs are equipped in parallel

  filtering by capacitor 91 and resistor

this 92.

  The output of this is used to power an electronic

  command, the entry of which is defined by the

photodetector 30.

  This one, which is here a phototransistor, has its col-

  reader connected to the positive terminal by a resistor

  101, while its issuer joins the base of a

  sistor 102 whose emitter is grounded and whose collector joins the positive line by a resistor

this 103.

  A first time constant is defined on the output of transistor 102 by resistor 104 and the

capacitor 107.

  In parallel with the resistor 104 are connected in series a diode 105 and a resistor 106, the cathode of the diode being on the collector side of the transistor 102. The resistor 104 is of significantly higher value than the resistor 106. This allows that, when the

  phototransistor 30 finds that the lamp L1 does not light up.

  not, this information is inhibited for a while

  corresponding to a time at least equal to the duration

  the priming of the lamp. In practice, the boot time of a lamp of this kind being about 2

  seconds, the time constant applied to the detection

  tion is of the order of 10 seconds for example.

  Of course, in opposite sense, the time constant

is much weaker.

  So when the L1 lamp has stopped illuminating or has

  not illuminated for 10 seconds, the voltage available

  ble across the capacitor 107 mounts, to be

  transmitted through a threshold device 108 constituting

  killed for example from a Zener diode to a floor of

  Darlington 110. The latter operates internally

  A relay 120, which receives a capacitor 112 in parallel, is mediated by a resistor 111. The relay 120 1 0 changes the state of the switch I at the same time.

  it closes a contact 121, which ensures the auto-

  Relay maintenance> Switching inverter I has the effect of

  the lamp L2 is used instead of the lamp L1.

  It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when relay 120 is in operation, the consumption of electrical-control mounting will have increased. So that, seen terminals B1 and B2, the consumption is the same in both cases, it is expected to put in parallel on the lamp L1 a resistor R10 of high value,

  to consume energy that corresponds sensitively to

  over-consumption of the electrical control unit when the L2 lamp is in use. When it is necessary to restore the functioning

  of the lamp L1, it is possible to intervene by any means

  naked of the man of the art to put the relay 120 in

  its state of rest (especially power interruption).

  In a particular embodiment, the terminals B1 and B2 of the current transformer are powered by an effective current of 6.6 amperes. The secondary S provides the rated current of the lamp used (9 watts or 18 watts in the examples) under a voltage of about 220 volts. This corresponds to a current transformer having a ratio of

  high transformation, about 70

  that if the value of the effective primary current is varied, this value can be varied by about 20%, this transformation ratio will vary. For its part, the power of the transformer is between 10 and 100 VA, preferably between

and 50 VA.

  Thus, quite unexpectedly, it has proved pos-

  to use lamps-including a fluorescent tube

  rescent and its feed members, integrated in the same verrine, maintaining a satisfactory operation. The Applicant currently estimates that this is primarily due to the use of clipping diodes 51 and 52, which are for example of the type ESM.111.330 Indeed, when the two lamps fail,

  these diodes nevertheless ensure, by their characteristics

  energy consumption comparable to that

  that consumed one of these lamps in operation.

  This preserves the proper functioning of the

  integrated into the other boxes.

  Things seem to be further improved when the capacitor 50 is placed in parallel on the

  diodes 51 and 52. This capacity can then be

  in such a way that a resonance overvoltage characteristic is obtained on the rising part of the 50 Hertz resonance curve of the circuit (or any other network frequency used). Indeed, the voltage supplied to the secondary then decreases very rapidly as the load of the secondary increases, which has the effect of accelerating the priming of the fluorescent tube. In addition, in open circuit, that is to say when both lamps are faulty, the current in the semiconductors clipping is minimum, when the secondary voltage reaches the clipping voltage. It is thus ensured that the diodes 51 and 52 will be able to simulate the presence of the lamps L1 and L2, without it being necessary to give them characteristics

  excessive current dissipation.

  The invention thus makes it possible to improve the reliability of the lighting of the light boxes, while reducing

  their electricity consumption for balanced lighting

  worth (we go from twice 45 VA to 20 VA).

  A secondary advantage is the reduction of the

  of the rescue group necessary for the

  all the caissons of an airport, when the

  Public electricity grid just does not work.

  Regarding maintenance, we noticed

  higher than the exchange of a device according to

  vention is particularly simple.

  It turned out, moreover, that a simple examination

  For trained eye technicians, suel is used to detect whether a indicator box is operating on its normal lamp or its emergency lamp. This detection can be further facilitated if we color

  slightly the glass of the emergency lamp, for example

  by affixing on it a colored sticker. Referring now to FIG. 2, the caissons CI1 to CT4 equipped with the devices according to the invention are provided in a suitable number to correspond to

  the operating voltage of the secondary low voltage

  SBT voltage of the medium voltage / low voltage transformer

  if we. From the outside, the device according to the invention thus functions like those of the prior art,

which is another advantage.

Claims (10)

Claims.   1. Clean lighting device to be part of a   lighting installation, comprising a circuit for   AC power supply of the kind   regulated current loop (BDCR), particularly in   yenne tension (MT), which runs in series winding   primary transformers (PDT) of medium-voltage transformers   voltage / low voltage, which in turn feed   each by their secondary (SBT), a plurality of dis-   positive lights, electrically connected in series,   and belonging to indicator boxes respectively-   (CI1 to 'CI4), in particular for airports, characterized in that each lighting device (D) comprises a current transformer (CT) and the secondary (S) supplies at least one fluorescent lamp (L1, L2 ), with its priming / regulating devices, the   primary (P) current transformers of the devices   lighting devices are intended to be assembled in   in the secondary circuit (LV) of the medium-voltage / low-voltage transformer, and in that the secondary (S) of each current transformer is provided in parallel with clipping members (51, 52) adapted to consume, when the associated lamp fails, a substantial fraction of the nominal energy required by it, which then preserves the passage of the nominal current to the windings   primary of other current transformers.   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clipping members consist of two high voltage clipping diodes (51, 52), mounted in head-to-tail series.   3. Device according to one of claims 1 and 2,   characterized in that there is provided, in parallel on the secondary of the current transformer, a tuning member (50) adapted to provide a resonance overvoltage characteristic. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in   what said characteristic of resistor overvoltage   nance (50) is adjusted so that the alternating voltage   secondary native provided decreases very quickly   as soon as the burden of secondary education increases, which   start the fluorescent lamp, and that the   crossing the clipping organs is very small   as soon as the secondary voltage reaches the value of floor.   5. Device according to one of claims 3 and 4,   characterized in that said tuning member (50) comprises take a capacitor.   6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,   characterized in that each lighting device comprises two lamps (L1, L2) connected in alternation by an inverter (I) to the secondary (S) of the current transformer, and switch means (101, 120) which   react to the non-illumination (30) of a first lam-   pe (L1) for a time longer than its amortization time.   by turning the inverter (I) to Led lamp (L2) in use.   7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6,   characterized in that it comprises a base plate (1) provided with bean attachment apertures (11-14), and which supports a block (2) of overmoulded synthetic material having an intermediate level (21) where are mounted the lamp or lamps, and an upper level (22) where emerge the terminals (B1, B2) of the primary of the current transformer, the electronic circuits   and this transformer being embedded in said block (2).   8. Device according to claim 7, taken into account   combination with claim 6, characterized in that   the switching means comprise a photodetector   tor (30) housed in a column (3) removably mounted on said block and adapted to bring the photodetector substantially into contact with the illuminating portion of the first lamp.   9. Device according to one of the preceding claims   tes, characterized in that the lamp or lamps (L1, L2)   are of the ballast type and initiator incorporated.   10. Device according to one of the preceding claims   tes, characterized in that the current transformer (CT) has a power of between 10 and 100 VA, preferably between 20 and 50 VA.