FR2575508A1 - Structure, architectural and technical details of a residence with reinforced insulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The years pass, the centuries go by and modern man, with his environment frozen by these developments of towers, buildings, concrete blocks, the complexities of which are often pointless and costly, forgets about his simple, practical, useful and economical architecture. This new building was designed down to the smallest technical and practical detail and is based on: energy saving, change in architecture and in structures, innovation and simplified arrangements intended to save on cost and, mainly, maintenance.

Description

 The present architectural invention includes new features and new methods in traditional construction: fig 5 - Fig 6 - Fig - Fig T: - Fig 8 Fig t3- Fig t4

1) Geological study of the subsoil and soil (laying ground
Orientation and staking of the Pavilion according to the solar movement and the current of the winds.

2) Earthworks on the surface of the exterior building + OM60 on the perimeter (access space) over 2 meters in height
basement fig 1.

 3) Dig a foundation of 0.60 x 0.40 (mini) and pour a concrete and traditional reinforcement Fig 1 - Fig 2 - Fig 3 (1) reinforced in its corners.

4) Wall mounting: Fig 1 n01 n02 n03 # (2) in agglomerates
Fig 2 (11) 32x20x40 Basement Fig 1 nal n0 e n03 under gable Fig 5 EST facade with a drip hole opening
Fig 1 n01 (OA) and a double wooden swing door of 2.10x2.00
Fig 1 n03 (08). South facade Fig 8 (08).

 5) Pouring of a formwork or prestressed concrete depending on the region, in its 60x60 square formwork with traditional reinforcement for support pillars Fig 1 n04 (3) Fig 3 (3).

 6) Plastering, Insulation: (1/2 bastard mortar 1/2 hydraulic lime and waterproof cement) Fig 2 (12) of the walls Fig 1 n01 n02 n03 (2) with drainage Fig 2 (9) possibly.

 7) Wall insulation: Fig 1 (2) and pillars Fig 1 Fig 2 (3) with lead sheet Fig 1 Fig2 Fig3 (5) of contact or penetration of moisture. Frequent climb in certain regions.

8) Intermediate belt formwork or connecting lintels
Fig1 Fig2 Fig3 (4). Basement Fig1 n01 n02 n03 and supporting pillars Fig1 n04 (3). Pouring reinforced concrete Figl (4), leaving a crawl space of ventilated OM40 Figi (7) Fiq3 (? &) With an embankment of 1M60 in our region (RONCHAMP, coal mines) of coal grime. Fig1 (8) Fig3 (7 &).

 9) Laying of the slab: traditional reinforced beams and hollow terracotta slabs. Traditional reinforcement slab, but in bastard concrete 1/2 + 1/2 hydraulic lime and more airy flexible and waterproof cement, coef. "k" improved, not being load-bearing and unloaded. (Iselante only with natural materials) Figl Fig2 Fig3 (6).

Wall mounting: Fig3 Fig4
1) Installation of the first #range of large-format load-bearing bricks of 20x49.5x19cm Fig Fig * os (13).

Installation must be done in a new way. Spread over the length or width of the slab (6), a thickness of about 3 cm of mortar over the width of the brick (13). Apply this with a certain pressure to allow the mortar to penetrate lightly into the cells.

it should be noted that this must be mixed with a very large dosage of hydraulic lime eg 3/4 hydraulic lime + 1/4 cement. The moist being more flexible and the coef. "K" equal to that of the brick.

second operation and continuity of assembly:
Place a board (preferably planed) 3cm thick and 10cm wide, the length of the Mason's choice (minimum 1M50) in the center of the bricks in the first row, fill each side of the board with the following mortar the practice of the Qualified.

Then the next row, put on the assembly without pressure, then remove the board and so on until the end, which gives a central vacuum Fig3 Fig4; (E) with two sealing joints Fig3 Fig4 (16).

It should be noted that the bricks (13) outside of 20x49t5X19cm will be laid end to end, not jointed Fig3
Fig4 (20) why? t
Traditionally, agglomerates or bricks are sealed with large joints, often too large, and in addition in mortar dosed mainly with cement, (cold). This therefore gives conductive access to humidity and cold, which are too easy in exposed facades of current architecture.

The end-to-end method Fig3 Fig4- (20) removes this penetration and the horizontal joint Fig3 Fig4 (16) cut from '
10cm in the middle Fig2 Fig3 fig4 (E) also bars any infiltration in its walls already well sheltered by its protective roof.

The 2nd operation consists in mounting (traditional system), a new brick wall of 11.5x49.5x19cm Fig2 Fig3
Fig4 (15) with normal joints Fig2 Fig3 Fig4 (17), this time conductor of the coef. "K" of the intermediate vacuum Fig2 Fig3 # Fig4 (14) vacuum filled with a mixture of carpentry shavings or sawdust all already treated, mixed with hydraulic lime (the dosage 1 Kg shavings for 1 Kg of lime, all linked with a small amount of water). This mixture thus obtained is poured between the bricks (13 and 15), and compressed.

 This dried material very efficient in energy saving (thermal and phonic).

 The external walls (13) will be coated with a homogeneous plasticized paste (while natural component) Fig2 Fig3 (18) or boards / laths, laid in fish scales.

 The interior walls will be softened with an expansion joint Fig4 (21) and covered with a rough coating and a modern glued covering, in natural component. (Heat and sound insulation) classified as M2 fire and made of wood pellets from textile glass grids, all bound with cellulose wadding Fig2 Fig3 (19).

 Its solid frame Fig 9 made mostly of coniferous or regional woods.

The intermediate fattiere or sandpit FigS Fig6 (12) purlins of the exterior planes are of medium section (approved) 12 x 18 Fig9 (22). On these sections there is an "insulation" Fi9jO system
Its components:
8x10 rafters Fig9 Figt0 (23), nailed and glued to a ceiling panel fig 9 Fig 10 (28) of various lengths (2M50 3M00 - 5M60 etc ....) 1M25 wide 30mm - 22mm - 19mm 16mm thickness of expanded polyurethane foam Fig9 Figt0 (25) between the rafters (23), li a is a whole assembled panel which fits FigtO (29) and is nailed to the beam. Next come the slats Fig, 9Fig 10 (24).

 It should be noted that all this frame (except insulation already well treated after the steaming of the rafters and the slats treated in the factory) will be treated by the qualified painter who will use (select) the appropriate microporous product, for possible sap rejection or any humidity existing in the still green wood.

 Very often industrial treatments are superfluous.

The wood (cut and ready for installation) is soaked in baths of ineffective products, the wood rejecting penetration
The microporous product, it treats and lets breathe or reject its moisture or sap.

 The roof edges will be covered with edge tiles (exterior plan) Fig5 Fig6 (14) to match the solid tile.

The roofing water will flow directly into a
cemented duct with grid leading to the intermediate gaze of the filtering lost well.

 The Pavilion's wastewater will flow into a special pit (tank for all receptions), then into a drainage manhole, a filtering trench and well, or all in the sewer, areas with sanitation.

Façade openings: Exterior plan
Fig5 Figs Fig.7 Figss Figt3Figi; # The openings are. styled
a lintel of exotic wood Fig5 Fig6 FiS7 etc .... (15) of
3M70x0M40x0M18 with rebates. These lintels can be
oak (old or steamed) according to estimate.

 Joinery can also be made of oak or exotic wood (according to accepted quote) -, treated in the same way as the frame, this time patinated.

Its modern glazing of a new component
KAPPAFLOAT, lets in the sun's rays by retaining its heat inside, the interior glass provided with a slightly smoked reflective film does not accept outside cold, a very significant reduction in heat loss compared to traditional insulating glazing.

Distribution of east façade openings Fig #
The kitchen (Oc), the entrance (Oe) in solid oak following the Fig5 plan with its two tinted glass skylights protected by a wrought iron and openable inside, keeps all its style with its dimensions of 2M15xOM90. The bathroom (Ob)
lM25x1M20. Access to the attic (0g) two large leaves
2M15x1.20 window opening onto the balcony '(13), same system
west facade Fig6 without entrance, with a gardeners (16) lon
managing the windows below (Oc) bedrooms.

NORTH facade Fig7
The dining room entrance (bones) sunk into the roof
Figt (4) and its skylight (2) of natural light hung on the roof flank. Same skylight (2) South facade Fig 8.

Its shutters Fig: 1Fig # 2 (5) and its new system of
inside lock Figlie outside Fig 12
Interior closure Figt1ses boxes (10) in the ebra
sements (8) on the outside thickness of the window (7)
bar housing (2) for fixing, held by hooks (i)
machined at right angles. Double bottom hooking with a hook
traditional chet (3) blocked at the clip (4).

The solid shutters (5) reinforced by a Z or bar (6) (crosspiece.)
The door frames (8) remain without an external shelf and
an interior wooden shelf # (9).

Figl2 opening block with cross bar (2)
naked by the brackets (1) pressing the shutters (5) at the front
sides (10).

Claims (5)

BEVENDICAT ION  1) An architectural structure figures 5-6-7-8 allowing a protection of the facades against the bad weather, characterized with regard to these facades made up of a double system of the walls figures 3-4 with a void (14) filled with materials natural, composed of wood chips already treated, mixed with hydraulic lime, fine sand all bound with a small amount of water, the whole slightly compressed. These dried materials creating thermal and sound insulation.  2) Structure according to claim 1 characterized as regards the mounting of the walls in figures 364. Laying of the first row of load-bearing bricks of 20 × 49.5 × 19 on a bed of mortar (hydraulic lime) end to end without sealing. 2nd row and so on with removal of mortar figures 3-4 (20) on each side of a board 3 cm thick and 10 cm wide, in length by the skilled hand. The latter creating a vacuum in this first wall figures 3-4 (E). Second operation in figures 3-4, removal of bricks îî, 5z49,5x19 this time traditional with conductive joints in figures 3-4 (17).  3) Structure according to preceding claims characterized by a ventilation figure 10 (31) in all the habitable rooms in corner of ceiling under roof figure 10 (28) by the installation of a pipe 0 of 125mm and taking place between the tile figure 10 ventilated (27) and flat (26) in the air space (30).  4) Structure according to claim 1 characterized with regard to the two casement windows not joined, to facilitate the supply of oxygen Figure II (7).  5) Structure according to claim 4 characterized with regard to the security of the external openings Figures 5-6-7  (09-03-02-OC) by a reinforcement consisting of a crossbar Figure 11 (2) housed (10) in its frames (8), this same bar allowing it to be kept on the facades in Figure 12.