FR2573457A1 - Method for thermally insulating walls made of masonry and of concrete by using insulating shell-blocks as facing - Google Patents

Method for thermally insulating walls made of masonry and of concrete by using insulating shell-blocks as facing Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2573457A1
FR2573457A1 FR8417790A FR8417790A FR2573457A1 FR 2573457 A1 FR2573457 A1 FR 2573457A1 FR 8417790 A FR8417790 A FR 8417790A FR 8417790 A FR8417790 A FR 8417790A FR 2573457 A1 FR2573457 A1 FR 2573457A1
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Prior art keywords
masonry
shell
elements
shells
insulating
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Granted
Application number
FR8417790A
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French (fr)
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FR2573457B1 (en
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR8417790A priority Critical patent/FR2573457B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0875—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer
    • E04F13/0876—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements having a basic insulating layer and at least one covering layer the covering layer comprising mutual alignment or interlocking means

Abstract

Small construction element making it possible to thermally insulate masonry and concrete constructions locally, in particular at the level of the floors. The method is characterised in particular by the shape of the elements which makes it possible to preserve the appearance of visible masonry and by its fastening elements, which fix the elements during and after implementation.

Description

Les murs de construction les plus répandus sont les murs
de maçonnerie constitués à partir de petits éléments de béton,
pierre, terre-cuite posés à bain de mortier, à la colle ou
à sec, enduits ou laissés apparents. L'avantage de ces techni
ques de réalisation de mur reside dans l'étendue dé leurs possi
bilités en matière de dimensions, caractéristiques mécaniques,
forme caractéristiques d'aspect... des ouvrages qu'elles permet
tent d'obtenir. Ce pour des prix et des qualités fonctionnelles
d'ensemble considérés comme compétitifs.The most common construction walls are
masonry made from small concrete elements,
stone, terracotta placed in a mortar bath, with glue or
dry, coated or left exposed. The advantage of these techni
wall realization lies in the scope of their possi
abilities in terms of dimensions, mechanical characteristics,
shape characteristics of appearance ... of the works they allow
are trying to get. This for prices and functional qualities
overall considered competitive.

Toutefois ces techniques ont des faiblesse qui ne permet
tent pas de les exploiter au mieux. En particulier, du point.de
vue thermique, la résistance des materiaux utilisés ( béton, ter
re-cuite, pierre) est si faible q'uil faut en général compléter
les ouvrages par une isolation rapportée soit à l'intérieur soit
à l extérieur. However, these techniques have weaknesses which do not allow
not try to exploit them to the best. In particular, from point.de
thermal view, the resistance of the materials used (concrete, ter
re-baked, stone) is so weak that it usually needs to be completed
the works by insulation added either inside or
outside.

L'isolation rapportée à l'extérieur est très efficace du
point de vue thermique mais presente. l'inconvénient d'être réla
tivement coûteuse et de ne pas parmettre d'obtenlr des construc
tions en maçonnerie apparente.The insulation reported to the outside is very effective
thermal point of view but present. the downside of being real
costly and not to get any construction
exposed masonry.

L'isolation rapportée à l'intérieur s'est imposée du point
de vue pratique et économique mais présente l'inconvénient, ma
jeur de nos jours, de laisser des points faibles thermiques en
particulier au niveau des planchers.The insulation reported inside was imposed from the point
practical and economical but has the disadvantage, my
nowadays, to leave thermal weak points in
especially at the level of the floors.

Certains ont pense, pour pallier ces inconvénients, rempla
çer les matériaux traditionels par des matériaux allégés du type
béton léger, mousse de terre cuite. D'autres ont pensé incorporer
dans les éléments des isolants en plaque ou en vrac. Il semble que
ces deux voies n'aient pas, pour des raisons pratiques et économi
quels, réellement eu le succès escompté.Some have thought, to overcome these drawbacks, to replace
cut traditional materials with light materials of the type
light concrete, terracotta foam. Others have thought of incorporating
in elements of insulators in plate or in bulk. It seems like
these two ways have not, for practical and economical reasons
which really had the expected success.

L'objet de la présente invention est de proposer une solu
tion complémentaire basée sur l'emploi de petits éléments de vê
ture Isolants dit bloc-coquilles ou coquilles, conçus pour être
montés en même temps que les éléments de la maçonnerie aux en
droits où il parait utile d'isoler cette maçonnerie tout en lui con
ssant un aspect de parement maçonné.The object of the present invention is to provide a solu
additional tion based on the use of small items of clothing
ture Insulators known as shell blocks or shells, designed to be
assembled at the same time as the elements of the masonry
rights where it seems useful to isolate this masonry while con
ssant an aspect of masonry facing.

Les fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 et 5 montrent sur'quels éléments repose
l'originalité de la solution préconisée. La fig. I est une coupe
verticale réalisée sur un mur en maçonnerie apparente posée à
Sec, domaine priviligié d'application du procédé. Les bloc-coquil
les sont constitués d'un élément enveloppe < 1) se terminant en
partie supérieure par des languettes (2) qui viennent prendre an
crage dans la maçonnerie. Les parois (5) des blocs posés à sec
comportent dès entailles (3) destinés à recevoir ces languettes
sans création de surépaisseur. Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 show on which elements rests
the originality of the recommended solution. Fig. I is a cup
vertical made on an exposed masonry wall placed at
Dry, privileged area of application of the process. The shell blocks
are made up of an envelope element <1) ending in
upper part by tabs (2) which come to take year
in the masonry. The walls (5) of dry-laid blocks
include notches (3) intended to receive these tabs
without creating any additional thickness.

La face extéieure vue des bloc-coquilles comporte en partie supé rieure et latéralament des feuillures destinées à reproduire l'as pect des joints (7) de maçonnerie et à faciliter l'écoulement des eaux La face supérieure de l'enveloppe se prolongeant dans le joint apparent de la maçonnerie, comporte outre les languettes(2) un relevé (20) facilitant l'écoulement des eaux éventuelles d'in
filtration et des crevés (21) permettant l'écoulement de ces
eaux dans l'espace (14) libre entre les bloc-coquilles et la ma maçonnerie. Les mêmes crevés (21) servent à l'accrochage entre
eux des bloc-coquilles superposés. La partie inférieure des pa
rois de la coquilles comporte, à cet effet, un élément en saillie
(8) destiné à s'encastrer dans les crevés (21).L'enveloppe est i
solée intérieurement par un matériau quelconque (9). Un élément
de rejet d'eau ( 10) vient complèter le système. On notera pour
terminer le décochement qui permet éventuellement de réaliser
un joint mince (22) entre deux éléments de coquille.The external face seen from the shell blocks comprises in upper part and laterally rebates intended to reproduce the aspect of the masonry joints (7) and to facilitate the flow of water The upper face of the envelope extending into the visible joint of the masonry, comprises in addition to the tabs (2) a statement (20) facilitating the flow of any water from
filtration and punctures (21) allowing the flow of these
waters in the free space (14) between the shell blocks and the masonry. The same punctures (21) are used for hanging between
them superimposed shell blocks. The lower part of the pa
kings of the shells has, for this purpose, a protruding element
(8) intended to be embedded in the punctures (21). The envelope is i
internally bonded by any material (9). An element
water discharge (10) completes the system. We will note for
complete the dropout which eventually allows for
a thin joint (22) between two shell elements.

La fig. 2 est uné coupe verticale réalisée cette fois sur un
mur composé d'éléments posés à bain de mortier. Les coquilles
utilisées sont les mêmes que précédemments. Les languettes viennent cette fois s'encastrer dans les jointes ( 1 1 ) de la maçon
nerie. Un enduit (12) vient assurer l'étanchéité de la partie supé
rieure de la maçonnerie. On notera dans les fig. 1 et 2 la différen
ce des deux dispositifs retenus pour assurer le maintien des co
quilles avant scellement au béton ou au mortier. Dans la fig.l la
languette porte des relevés (23) qui viennent prendre appui sur
les parois du-bloc. Le nombre et la position de ces relevés sont
étudiés pour assurer le réglage des coquilles.Dans la fig. 2 les
languettes portent des crevés (25) dans lesquels peuvent être
introduites des clavettes. La fig. 3 est une coupe horizontale réa.Fig. 2 is a vertical section made this time on a
wall made up of elements laid in a mortar bath. Shells
used are the same as before. The tabs come this time to fit into the joints (1 1) of the mason
nerie. A coating (12) seals the upper part
masonry. Note in fig. 1 and 2 the difference
this of the two devices selected to ensure the maintenance of co
keels before cementing with concrete or mortar. In fig. L the
tongue carries statements (23) which come to bear on
the walls of the block. The number and position of these readings are
studied to ensure the adjustment of the shells. In fig. 2 them
tabs bear punctures (25) in which can be
introduced keys. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section.

lisée sur une maçonnerie posée à sec. Le joint vertical (26) entre
deux éléments de maçonnerie est reproduit (27) par la forme don
nee aux tranches verticales latérales des coquilles. La possibili
té de mettre un )oint très mince (22) est également prévue. La
fig 4 enfin donne une vue par dessus de la coquille recouvrant
partiellement la paroi (5) d'un bloc. On note l'entaille (3) prévue
dans cette paroi, la languette (2) qui y passe avec ses crevés
(25). On note également les crevés (21) qui permettent d'encas
trer un bloc sur l'autre et d'assurer le rejet d'éventuelles eaux
d'infiltration dans l'espace (14). On note enfin le relevé (20) de
la partie supérieure de la coquille. La fig. 5 montre pour terminer
une application particulierment originale du procédé.Elle a trait
à l'isolation de l'extrémité d'une dalle (29) comportant une re
tombée de poutre (28). On suppose que l'isolation courante du
mur est réalisée par un doublage intérieur rapporté. L'emploi de
deux rangées de coquilles (30) et (31 ) permet en coffrage perdu
d'assurer l'isolation de la dalle et de la retombée sur une hau-
teur significative sans gêne pour le passage des armatures (32). read on dry laid masonry. The vertical seal (26) between
two elements of masonry is reproduced (27) by the form don
nee to the lateral vertical edges of the shells. The possibility
Tee to put a) very thin anointed (22) is also provided. The
fig 4 finally gives a view from above of the covering shell
partially the wall (5) of a block. We note the notch (3) provided
in this wall, the tongue (2) which passes there with its punctures
(25). We also note the punctures (21) which allow snacks
trer a block on the other and ensure the discharge of any water
infiltration into space (14). Finally, note the statement (20) of
the upper part of the shell. Fig. 5 shows to finish
a particularly original application of the process.
insulation of the end of a slab (29) comprising a re
fallen from beam (28). It is assumed that the current insulation of the
wall is made by an interior lining. The use of
two rows of shells (30) and (31) allow for lost formwork
to insulate the slab and the fall onto a height
significant factor without discomfort for the passage of reinforcement (32).

La paroi (5) est celle du premier bloc de maçonnerie posée au dessus de la dalle.Pour compléter l'isolation au dessus on peut utiliser un isolant discontinu (33) sur la dalle ou poser le bloc en question avec une coquille en saillie sur le parement
Ces différents détails prouvent la richesse du procédé qui permet d'apporter l'isolation là où elle est nécéssaire
sans dénaturer l'aspect des parements.The wall (5) is that of the first masonry block placed above the slab. To complete the insulation above, it is possible to use a discontinuous insulator (33) on the slab or lay the block in question with a projecting shell on the facing
These various details prove the richness of the process which makes it possible to provide insulation where it is needed.
without distorting the appearance of the facings.

Du point de vue fabrication l'enveloppe des coquilles
peut être obtenue soit par moulage d'un matériau en
phase liquide ou plastique soit par formage ou
emboutissage d'un materiau en plaque ou feuille.From the manufacturing point of view the shell shell
can be obtained either by molding a material in
liquid or plastic phase either by forming or
stamping of a material in plate or sheet.

De façon à reproduire au mieux l'aspect des maçonneries, le parement des blocs-coquilles peut comporter des rainures. In order to reproduce the appearance of the masonry as well as possible, the facing of the shell blocks may have grooves.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS 1.Procédé d'isolation des murs caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des coquilles isolantes comportant des feuillur-es ou des rainures de parement rappelant les joints de maçonnerieades éléments d'accrochage destinés au cours du montage des murs à etre disposés dans ou entre les éléments de maçonnerie,des dispositifs de blocage avec les coquilles adjacentes,des relevés permettant de rejeter l'eau vers l'extérieur. 1. Wall insulation method characterized in that insulating shells are used comprising rebates or facing grooves recalling the masonry joints hanging elements intended during the mounting of the walls to be placed in or between the masonry elements, blocking devices with adjacent shells, statements allowing water to be discharged to the outside. 2. Procédé selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que la coquille isolante est constituée d'une coquille proprement dite formant enveloppe autour d'un matériau isolant. 2. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the insulating shell consists of a shell proper forming an envelope around an insulating material. 3.Procédé selon les revendlcations 1 et 2 caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe de la coquille est obtenue soit par moulage d'un matériau en phase liquide ou plastique soit par formage ou emboutissage d'un matériau en plaque cu en feuille. 3. Process according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the shell envelope is obtained either by molding a material in liquid or plastic phase or by forming or stamping a material in sheet or cu sheet. 4Procédé selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les coquille; comportent des feuillures hautes et latérales et,selon le cas,des rainures de façon à reproduire l'apparence des maçonneries. 4Process according to claim 1 characterized in that the shell; have high and lateral rebates and, where appropriate, grooves so as to reproduce the appearance of masonry. 5.Procédé selon revendication I caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'accrochage comportent un système permettant le réglage et la fixation de la coquille par rapport à la maçonnerie au cours du montage. 5. Method according to claim I characterized in that the hooking elements comprise a system allowing the adjustment and fixing of the shell relative to the masonry during assembly. 6.Procédé selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'accrochage comportent un système permettant le réglage et la fixation de la coquille par rapport à la maçonnerie au cours du montage. 6. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the hooking elements comprise a system for adjusting and fixing the shell relative to the masonry during assembly. 7.Procédé selon revendication 1 et 4 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de réglage et de fixation est réalisé par des crevés réalisés dans les prolongements de l'enveloppe. 7. Method according to claim 1 and 4 characterized in that the adjustment and fixing device is produced by punctures produced in the extensions of the envelope. 8.Procédé selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de blocage entre coquilles sont constitués par des prolongements de l'enveloppe de la coquille,venant s'insérer dans des crevés correspondants réalisés dans les coquilles adjacentes. 8. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the locking devices between shells are formed by extensions of the shell of the shell, coming to be inserted in corresponding punctures made in the adjacent shells. 9.Procédé selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe de la coquille comporte,venant s'insérer dans les joints horizontaux de la maçonnerie,un prolongement étudié pour arrêter et rejeter les eaux d'infiltration. 9. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the shell shell comprises, coming to be inserted in the horizontal joints of the masonry, an extension studied to stop and reject the infiltration water. 1O.Procédé selon revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les parois des éléments de maçonnerie comportent,pour le passage des éléments d'accrochage,des réservations constituées par des entailles faites sur la face supérieure des éléments de maçonnerie.  1O.Procédé according to claim 1 characterized in that the walls of the masonry elements comprise, for the passage of the hooking elements, reservations formed by notches made on the upper face of the masonry elements.
FR8417790A 1984-11-22 1984-11-22 PROCESS FOR THERMAL INSULATION OF MASONRY AND CONCRETE WALLS BY USE OF SIDING INSULATING SHELL BLOCKS Expired FR2573457B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8417790A FR2573457B1 (en) 1984-11-22 1984-11-22 PROCESS FOR THERMAL INSULATION OF MASONRY AND CONCRETE WALLS BY USE OF SIDING INSULATING SHELL BLOCKS

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8417790A FR2573457B1 (en) 1984-11-22 1984-11-22 PROCESS FOR THERMAL INSULATION OF MASONRY AND CONCRETE WALLS BY USE OF SIDING INSULATING SHELL BLOCKS

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FR2573457A1 true FR2573457A1 (en) 1986-05-23
FR2573457B1 FR2573457B1 (en) 1987-03-20

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1942099A1 (en) * 1969-08-19 1971-03-04 Rostek Ludwig Cassette cover system
US3777430A (en) * 1972-08-30 1973-12-11 Robertson Co H H Complementary mating elements for double-skin foam core panel
FR2307927A1 (en) * 1975-04-16 1976-11-12 Sepam External insulating layer bonded and clipped on wall - is insulating slab with outer liner and bonding is by blocks which traverse slab
GB2137251A (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-03 New Zealand Guardian Trust Com Insulating panel

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1942099A1 (en) * 1969-08-19 1971-03-04 Rostek Ludwig Cassette cover system
US3777430A (en) * 1972-08-30 1973-12-11 Robertson Co H H Complementary mating elements for double-skin foam core panel
FR2307927A1 (en) * 1975-04-16 1976-11-12 Sepam External insulating layer bonded and clipped on wall - is insulating slab with outer liner and bonding is by blocks which traverse slab
GB2137251A (en) * 1983-03-25 1984-10-03 New Zealand Guardian Trust Com Insulating panel

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