FR2563254A1 - WEAR PIECE FOR EARTH TOOTH TOOTH - Google Patents

Abstract

THE INVENTION RELATES TO WEAR PARTS OF THE TEETH OF EARTH-MOVING TOOLS. IT RELATES TO A WEAR PART WHICH SHAPES A CAVITY OF WHICH THE LOWER PART HAS TWO STEPED CONTACT SURFACES 8, 25. THE MALE PART 11 OF THE ADAPTER ALSO HAS SURFACES 12, 24 WHICH ARE ARRANGED SO THAT THE TWO SURFACES 8, 12 ARE IN CONTACT WITHOUT CLEARANCE BUT THERE IS A CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE TWO OTHER SURFACES 24, 25. IN THIS WAY, WHEN THE WEAR PART IS TOTALLY WASTED, NO MATERIAL IS REMAINING ON THE SURFACES 8, 12 AND THE OTHER TWO SURFACES THEN COME IN CONTACT, BUT WITH SOME CLEARANCE WHICH CAUSES A CLICK THAT ALERT THE OPERATOR OF THE MACHINE. APPLICATION TO EARTH-MOVING EQUIPMENT TOOLS.

Description

The present invention relates to wearing parts

iur earthmoving tools tooth.

  More specifically, the invention relates to an improved type of tooth that can be easily changed, constituting a wear part for a tool of earthmoving machines such as excavators, loaders, excavators, etc. More specifically, the invention relates to a particular type of such wear parts. The object of the invention is to prevent the separation and the fall of wear parts of their adapters when they are worn. This is actually an important problem,

  especially when machines are used for

  directly in crushers, because a released wear part, transmitted with the material to be crushed, can cause a significant deterioration of the crusher. Another problem is that a separate tooth, which is not directly observed by the operator of the machine, can quickly cause the deterioration of the adapter when it is constantly working without

  its wear part that has not been replaced.

  The invention therefore relates to a wear part intended for an earthwork tool tooth. In teeth of this type, the replaceable tip or wear part has a cavity or a female part directed towards the rear,

  in the working direction of the tool, and who is

  on a male part while being fixed by a locking element, the male part protruding forward in the working direction of the tool, or on an axis which constitutes the front part of the tooth adapter, in the direction of work, and which can be attached to the tool by its own locking member or is a part integral with the front edge of the tool. Such teeth are very profitable from the point of view of the consumption of materials since they can be

  waste until only very little of the material remains.

  The tooth must nevertheless be replaced before the bottom of the male part has been completely removed by wear since the tip -, u 3lc? ? u1e z; : can no longer be retained on the part mal- and se: separates. The invention is intended to entrap a separation of such a totally worn tooth, in all its thickness, relative to its fixing device. According to the invention, not only the female part of the wear part can be used completely throughout its thickness without the wear part separating but still the operator receives a preliminary warning of what happens when the wear part begins to play on the adapter, this phenomenon is necessarily observed by a competent operator when working with his machine. In the opposite case, it is necessary to inspect the wear of the teeth several times a day, an operation that all operators

  machine do not bother to perform enough.

  According to the invention, the male part of each adapter has at least two support surfaces each placed in its own plane, at a distance from one another and facing the worked surface of the ground, while the female part the tip of the tooth or the wear part has a corresponding number of support surfaces intended to be in contact with the support surfaces of the male part, these contact surfaces of the wear part being thus turned 'opposite

of the worked surface of the soil.

  One of the support surfaces of the male portion, facing the worked surface, suitably forms the underside of the male portion while the other support surface facing in the same direction may be a support surface disposed along the male part, at a greater distance from the soil surface. The male part may also have a T-section, having protuberances protruding towards the side, the lower part of the male part constituting one of the actual support surfaces while the others

  support surfaces form the underside of the protu

respective rancours.

  The female part of the wear part or the tip of the tooth is thus formed so that it corresponds to support surfaces placed in opposite directions. When the lower part of the tip of the tooth, that is to say the wear part, is totally worn, the support surface of the piece bearing against the underside of the male part is thus completely eliminated. The other one or more support surfaces that are turned in the same direction then maintain the

tooth in place.

  The cooperating supporting surfaces of the male part and of the female part, the closest to the worked surface of the ground, can be made with the weakest clearance between them, whereas a sufficiently large clearance can be introduced voluntarily between the remaining cooperating surfaces of support so that the wear part, when the lower part has been totally worn, comes banging on the adapter without however being released and falling, so that the attention of the operator

  of the machine is drawn to this behavior.

  Other features and advantages of the invention

  tion will become more apparent from the following description,

  with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

  FIG. 1 is a projection, in longitudinal section,

  partial dinal, of a tooth according to the invention;

  FIG. 2 is a plan view, in sectional view of

  tielle, of the tooth of Figure 1; Figure 3 is similar to Figure 1 but shows the wear part when it is very worn; Figure 4 is similar to Figure 1 but shows a variant of the invention; Figure 5 is a partial plan view of the tooth of Figure 4, in partial section; and FIG. 6 is a section along the line VI-VI

of Figure 4.

  Figures 1 to 3 show an adapter 1

  tooth which is welded to the lower front edge 2 of a bucket.

  The adapter 1 has a male portion 3 protruding forward in the working direction of the bucket. A locking groove 4 is formed at the upper part of the

  male part and has a locking element 5.

  This element 5 can be realized in several different known ways. Its main role is to ensure

  maintaining the end or wear part 6 on the adapter 1.

  The details of the lock element were not shown.

  lage on the figures so that these are also

as simple and clear as possible.

  The male portion 3 of the adapter 2 tapers forward in the working direction of the bucket, and has a lower face 8 which, when the bucket is working, is turned towards the worked surface of the earth. The male part also has an upper face 7 and side faces 9 and 10. The locking groove 4 is

placed on the upper surface 7.

  The wear part or tip 6 of the tooth has the shape of a cap passing over the male part 3. For this reason; the wear part 6 has a cavity or female part 11 which widens towards the rear, in the working direction. This female part 11 has a first lower or support surface 12 intended to be in contact with the lower face 8 of the male part, a second upper support surface 13 intended to be in contact with the upper face 7 of the male part, and additional or lateral support surfaces 14 and 15 intended to be in contact with the lateral faces 9 and 11 of the male part. In addition, the wear part has two parts 16 and 17 which are formed overhanging rearward, for the housing of which grooves 18 and 19 are formed in the adapter. In front of the overhanging parts,

  a locking groove 20 completes the groove 4 of ver-

  rusting of the male part 3. The locking element 5

  fills the bounded space between these two lock gorges.

  and thus blocks the wear part 6 on the adapter 1.

  Two openings 21 and 22, corresponding to the locking grooves, allow mounting or removal of the locking member and are formed in the wear part. The male portion 3 ends, towards the front, with a nose or a protuberance 23 which has a bottom support face 24 turned towards the worked surface of the ground and which is farther from this surface than the lower face. As shown in the figures, the female part also fits on the nose 23 by cooperation with a lower face 25 facing the support surface of the nose. As shown in Figure 1, there is normally clearance between the lower face 25 of the nose 23 and the second lower face 24 of the male part. When the wear part 6 is completely worn so that the underside 12 of the female part is completely eliminated, the appearance obtained is that shown in Figure 3. The two support surfaces 24 and 25 then cooperate and prevent the fall of the wear part 6 which would normally take place. The game nevertheless causes a rattling of the tooth so that the attention of the operator of the machine is called on the need for the replacement of this wear part. In Figure 3, the initial shape of the wear part is shown in broken lines. In addition, the playing possibilities of the remaining piece are indicated both in solid lines

and in phantom.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 corresponds essentially to that of FIGS. 1 to 3, but the nose 23 of the male part has been replaced by two protuberances 26 and 27 placed on either side of the male part 29. The protuberances 26 and 27 each have a support surface 30 and 31 facing the worked surface on the ground, this surface being further away from the ground surface than the lower face 32 of the male portion 29. protuberances 26 and 27 give the male part a T-section (see Figure 6). The female part 34 of the wear part 33 has the

  same T-shape, in section, with a lower underside

  cipal 35 intended to be in contact with the lower main face 32 of the male part, and grooves 36 and 37 in which are formed support surfaces 38 and 39 intended to be in contact with the contact surfaces 30 and 31 of the protuberances of the male part. In addition, the male portion has two side surfaces 40, 41

  intended to guide the lateral wear part

  by contact against the side faces 42 and 43

of the male part.

  Other details shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, such as the overhanging parts 16 and 17, the corresponding grooves 18 and 19, the upper faces 7 and 13 of the male and female parts respectively and the locking element 5 with the associated grooves, etc., bear the same references as in FIGS.

elements are identical.

  The contact between the lower faces

  blades 35 and 32 of the male and female parts must not have play, as well as the contact between the upper face 7 of the male part and the facing face 13 of the female part, as well as the contact between the faces

lateral 40, 41 and 42, 43.

  On the contrary, a little game can exist between

  the support surfaces 30, 38 and 31, 39 respectively.

  This implies that, after wear of the wear part 33, it has play on the adapter 28 without being able to separate. (We can note the distance marked a in Figure 1). The additional support surfaces are suitably disposed in regions with low flexural stresses, for example near the midplane of the tooth, so that stress concentration in the adapter and in the wear part is avoided. The inclinations of the additional support surfaces made necessary because of the techniques of

  manufacture can of course be accepted as long as the

the clinching is not excessive.

Claims (4)

  1. A wear part for a tool of an earthmoving machine such as an excavator, loader or excavator, comprising a cap or nose (6, 33) which, in the mounting position, protrudes front edge of the tool (2) in the direction of work, and which, through a female part (11, 34) facing backwards with respect to the direction of work, is clamped and fixed by a locking member (5) on a suitably shaped male portion (3, 29) protruding forwards in the direction of work and incorporated in an adapter (2, 28) attached to the tool or secured to the front edge of the tool, the male portion (3, 29) of the adapter and the female portion (11, 34) of the tip of the tooth having support surfaces having different directions and intended to be in mutual contact, characterized in that the male part (3, 29) of the adapter has at least two support surfaces (8, 24; 32; 1) each placed in its own plane at a distance, the surfaces being turned towards the worked surface of the ground, while the female part (11, 34) of the tooth tip has a corresponding number of support surfaces ( 12, 24; ; 38, 39) intended to be in contact with the surfaces   support and turns in opposite directions.   Wear part according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supporting surfaces (8) of the male part (3) facing the worked surface of the earth which are closest to the surface of the earth constitute the lower face of the male part, while a second support surface is formed   in a nose (23) protruding from the lower surface.   Wear part according to Claim 1, characterized in that the part of the support surfaces   (32) of the male portion (29) facing the working surface   the ground portion which is closest to the ground surface and the lower face of the male part, the male part having, in addition, at a greater distance from the worked surface of the ground, two substantially parallel protuberances (26, 27). on the lower face, the lower faces (30, 31) of the protuberances being turned towards the surface of the ground and forming two additional support surfaces placed on either side of the male part, giving it a shape T-section, the female part of the tip of the tooth having a suitable cross-section comprising two support surfaces (38, 39)   - facing the lower surfaces of the protuberances.   4. Wear part according to any one of   preceding claims, characterized in that the   contact between one of the support surfaces (8, 32) of the male part (3, 29) which is closest to the worked surface of the ground and the corresponding support surface (12, 35) of the female part ( 11, 34) has virtually no clearance, while there is some clearance between the other bearing surfaces (24, 30, 31) of the male part (3, 29) facing in the same direction and the corresponding surfaces. of support (25, 38, 39) of the female part (11, 34).