FR2563126A1 - Device for blanking off tubes by hydroelectric effect - Google Patents

Device for blanking off tubes by hydroelectric effect Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2563126A1
FR2563126A1 FR8406449A FR8406449A FR2563126A1 FR 2563126 A1 FR2563126 A1 FR 2563126A1 FR 8406449 A FR8406449 A FR 8406449A FR 8406449 A FR8406449 A FR 8406449A FR 2563126 A1 FR2563126 A1 FR 2563126A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
chamber
electrode
tubular element
tubes
filament
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
FR8406449A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marc Linol
Alain Tinelli
Jean-Michel Richard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Barras Provence SA
Original Assignee
Barras Provence SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Barras Provence SA filed Critical Barras Provence SA
Priority to FR8406449A priority Critical patent/FR2563126A1/en
Publication of FR2563126A1 publication Critical patent/FR2563126A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/06Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
    • B21D39/066Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in using explosives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/06Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves
    • B21D26/10Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure by shock waves generated by evaporation, e.g. of wire, of liquids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/10Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses
    • F16L55/12Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ
    • F16L55/128Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose
    • F16L55/13Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ introduced axially into the pipe or hose the closure device being a plug fixed by plastic deformation

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is a device for blanking off tubes by hydroelectric effect, characterised in that it is composed of a tubular element 3, closed at one of its ends 3a, which element has an external diameter slightly less than the internal diameter of the tube 1 to be plugged, and of an electrode 5 which is engaged in the open end of the said element 3 and insulated from the latter by an insulating ring 4, which electrodes delimits, with the bottom 3a and the side wall of the tubular element, a chamber 6 filled with a liquid, and into which chamber a filament 7 extends which connects the electrode 5 and the bottom 3a of the said tubular element. The explosion of the filament 7, caused by an electrical pulse, produces a shock wave which expands the part 3c of the plug 3. The invention finds its application especially for the repair of exchanger tubes or the like.

Description

Dispositif pour obturer des tubes par effet hydro-électrique. Device for sealing tubes by hydroelectric effect.

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif pour obturer des tubes par effet hydro-électrique. The present invention relates to a device for sealing tubes by hydroelectric effect.

Le secteur technique de 11 invention est celui de la construction et/ou de la réparation des appareils comportant des faisceaux de tubes, tels que des échangeurs ou analogues. The technical sector of the invention is that of the construction and / or repair of devices comprising bundles of tubes, such as exchangers or the like.

Les procédés hydro-électriques connus pour le formage des métaux consistent a provoquer une onde de pression dans une chambre remplie d'un liquide. Cette onde est notamment produite par un filament ou fil explosible, lequel est placé au centre du tube a déformer, dans ledit liquide , par exemple de l'eau, et engendre la création d'un plasma gazeux au moment du passage de l'impulsion électrique déclenchée par la décharge rapide d'une batterie de condensateurs. The known hydroelectric processes for forming metals consist in causing a pressure wave in a chamber filled with a liquid. This wave is produced in particular by an explosive filament or wire, which is placed in the center of the tube to deform, in said liquid, for example water, and generates the creation of a gaseous plasma at the moment of passage of the pulse. electric triggered by the rapid discharge of a capacitor bank.

La grande quantité de gaz produite provoque une onde de choc qui est transmise par l'eau au tube qui est contraint de se déformer en augmentant son diamètre. The large amount of gas produced causes a shock wave which is transmitted by water to the tube which is forced to deform by increasing its diameter.

L'objectif de la présente invention est l'application de ce procédé au bouchage des tubes qui équipent des appareils comportant des faisceaux de tubes tels que par exemple des échangeurs, condenseurs, évaporateurs ou autres en vue notamment de leur réparation. The objective of the present invention is the application of this method to plugging the tubes which equip devices comprising bundles of tubes such as, for example, exchangers, condensers, evaporators or the like with a view in particular to their repair.

Cet objectif est atteint par le dispositif selon l'invention pour obturer des tubes par effet hydro-électrique, caractérisé en ce qu'il se compose d'un élément tubulaire fermé à l'une de ses extrémités, lequel est d'un diamètre externe légèrement inférieur au diamètre du tube à boucher et d'une électrode engagée dans l'extrémité ouverte dudit élément et isolée de celui-ci par une bague isolante, laquelle électrode délimite avec le fond et la paroi latérale de l'élément tubulaire, une chambre remplie d'un liquide isolant et dans laquelle chambre s'étend un filament qui relie l'électrode et le fond dudit élément tubulaire. This objective is achieved by the device according to the invention for closing tubes by hydroelectric effect, characterized in that it consists of a tubular element closed at one of its ends, which is of an external diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the plugging tube and of an electrode engaged in the open end of said element and isolated from it by an insulating ring, which electrode delimits with the bottom and the side wall of the tubular element, a chamber filled with an insulating liquid and in which chamber extends a filament which connects the electrode and the bottom of said tubular element.

Dans un mode de réalisation, ladite chambre est tronconique et sa paroi converge sur un point situé du côté de l'extrémité fermée de l'élément tubulaire et sur l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci. In one embodiment, said chamber is frustoconical and its wall converges on a point located on the side of the closed end of the tubular element and on the longitudinal axis thereof.

L'élément tubulaire d'obturation comporte une partie cylindrique dans laquelle est engagée la bague isolante à l'intérieur de laquelle se trouve l'électrode, laquelle partie cylindrique est prolongée par ladite chambre tronconique.  The tubular closure element comprises a cylindrical part in which is engaged the insulating ring inside which is the electrode, which cylindrical part is extended by said frustoconical chamber.

La bague isolante comporte une collerette mise en butée sur l'extrémité ouverte dudit élément obturateur. The insulating ring includes a flange abutting on the open end of said shutter element.

Le fond de l'élément tubulaire obturateur est de forte épaisseur et le filament est coaxial a la chambre tronconique et passe par le sommet desdits cônes. The bottom of the obturator tubular element is very thick and the filament is coaxial with the frustoconical chamber and passes through the top of said cones.

L'invention a pour résultat le bouchage des tubes par application de l'effet hydro-électrique dans le cadre de la réparation des tubes équipant des appareils comportant des faisceaux tubulaires tels que des échangeurs. The invention results in the plugging of the tubes by application of the hydroelectric effect in the context of the repair of the tubes fitted to devices comprising tubular bundles such as exchangers.

La réparation des tubes présentant des défauts, par exemple des fissures ou autres dégradations et equipant des échangeurs installes, n'est pas une opération aisée notamment lorsque l'échangeur est situé dans un local dangereux, par exemple dans le cas des générateurs de vapeurs des centrales nucléaires, du fait du manque d'accès et des dangers consécutifs à la radioactivité qui est présente dans l'échan- geur. The repair of tubes presenting defects, for example cracks or other degradations and equipping installed exchangers, is not an easy operation in particular when the exchanger is located in a dangerous room, for example in the case of steam generators of nuclear power plants, due to the lack of access and the dangers resulting from the radioactivity present in the exchanger.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de réaliser une telle opération dans de meilleures conditions techniques et économiques en regard des procédés traditionnels tels que la soudure, le dudgeonnage, le brasage etc ... The device according to the invention makes it possible to carry out such an operation under better technical and economic conditions with regard to traditional methods such as welding, swaging, brazing, etc.

L'opération de bouchage est instantannée (temps inférieur à une seconde) et la mise en place de l'outillage ne présente pas de difficulté. Cette opération peut être réalisée à une distance pouvant être de plusieurs mètres. En outre, la mise en place du bouchon s'effectue sans échauffement des pièces. The capping operation is instantaneous (time less than one second) and the installation of the tools presents no difficulty. This can be done at a distance of up to several meters. In addition, the establishment of the plug is carried out without heating the parts.

La liaison entre le bouchon et le tube n'est pas une soudure mais un excellent sertissage qui permet d'obtenir une étanchéité à l'eau parfaite à des pressions de plusieurs centaines de bars. The connection between the stopper and the tube is not a weld but an excellent crimping which makes it possible to obtain a perfect water tightness at pressures of several hundred bars.

La description suivante,établie en référence au dessin annexé, illustrant un.mode de réalisation non limitatif du dispositif selon l'invention permettra de relever encore d'autres avantages et les caractéristiques dudit dispositif
- la figure I est une vue en coupe diamétrale d'un tube obturé par le dispositif selon l'invention;
- la figure 2 est une vue en coupe diamétrale dudit tube obturé.
The following description, established with reference to the appended drawing, illustrating a non-limiting embodiment of the device according to the invention will make it possible to identify still other advantages and the characteristics of said device.
- Figure I is a diametrical sectional view of a tube closed by the device according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a diametral sectional view of said closed tube.

On se reporte d'abord à la figure 1 du dessin. We first refer to Figure 1 of the drawing.

Le tube 1 ayant subi des dégradations est fixé par soudure à une plaque de forte épaisseur ou flasque 2. The damaged tube 1 is fixed by welding to a very thick or flange plate 2.

Le dispositif obturateur selon l'invention comporte un élé- ment tubulaire 3 fermé à l'une de ses extrémités 3a. Cet élément, qui constitue un bouchon, est d'un diamètre externe légèrement inférieur au diamètre interne du tube 1 pour coulisser librement dans celui-ci. The shutter device according to the invention comprises a tubular element 3 closed at one of its ends 3a. This element, which constitutes a plug, is of an external diameter slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the tube 1 to slide freely therein.

Il comporte, du côté de son extrémité ouverte, une partie cylindrique 3b prolongée par une partie tronconique 3c dont la paroi converge en un point situé sur l'axe de révolution de l'élément tubulaire et du côté de la partie fermée 3a. Dans la partie cylindrique 3b est disposé une bague 4 en matériau isolant, par exemple du chlorure de polyvinyle qui s'étend sur la longueur de ladite partie cylindrique 3b.It comprises, on the side of its open end, a cylindrical part 3b extended by a frustoconical part 3c whose wall converges at a point located on the axis of revolution of the tubular element and on the side of the closed part 3a. In the cylindrical part 3b is disposed a ring 4 of insulating material, for example polyvinyl chloride which extends over the length of said cylindrical part 3b.

Cette bague 4 comporte à son extrémité située à l'extérieur de l'élément 3, une collerette 4a qui est mise au contact de l'extré- mité ouverte de l'élément 3. Dans la bague 4 est emmanchée forcé une électrode 5 pour assurer l'étanchéité du dispositif. This ring 4 has at its end located outside the element 3, a flange 4a which is brought into contact with the open end of the element 3. In the ring 4 is forcibly fitted an electrode 5 for seal the device.

L'electrode 5 est creuse et comporte une extrémité conique Sa, laquelle extrémité se situe sensiblement au niveau de la partie inférieure de la bague 4. The electrode 5 is hollow and has a conical end Sa, which end is located substantially at the level of the lower part of the ring 4.

L'autre extrémité 5b de l'électrode est reliée par un câble
(non représenté) à un générateur d'impulsion électrique,lequel est mis à la masse en étant raccordé par exemple à la plaque 2 dans laquelle est soudé le tube 1.
The other end 5b of the electrode is connected by a cable
(not shown) to an electric pulse generator, which is grounded by being connected for example to the plate 2 in which the tube 1 is welded.

La partie tronconique 3c fermée à sa partie supérieure par la partie conique Sa de l'électrode, constitue une chambre 6 et son fond 3d comporte un relief central conique dirigé du côté de l'extrémité conique Sa de l'électrode. The frustoconical part 3c closed at its upper part by the conical part Sa of the electrode, constitutes a chamber 6 and its bottom 3d has a conical central relief directed towards the side of the conical end Sa of the electrode.

La chambre 6 est remplie d'un liquide, par exemple de l'eau et est traversée par un filament ou fil explosible 7 qui passe par les sommets des parties coniques 5a/3d de l'électrode et du fond de la chambre. Le fil 7 est raccordé au câble qui relie le dispositif audit générateur d'impulsion électrique. The chamber 6 is filled with a liquid, for example water and is crossed by a filament or explosive wire 7 which passes through the tops of the conical parts 5a / 3d of the electrode and of the bottom of the chamber. The wire 7 is connected to the cable which connects the device to said electric pulse generator.

La propagation correcte de l'onde de choc autour du fil explosible 7 est conditionnée par la forme conique de l'extrémité Sa de l'électrode et de la saillie conique 3d de la chambre 6. The correct propagation of the shock wave around the explosive wire 7 is conditioned by the conical shape of the Sa end of the electrode and the 3d conical projection of the chamber 6.

La forme tronconique de la chambre 6 réalisée dans un élé- ment cylindrique donne naissance à une paroi périphérique d'une section droite progressive de la partie supérieure de la chambre à sa partie inférieure. Cette paroi périphérique est raccordée au relief conique 3d par un congé annulaire 3e. La forte épaisseur de ladite paroi du côté du fond de la chambre 6 et la présence du congé 3e permettent au dispositif de supporter l'onde de choc au moment où l'on déclenche l'impulsion électrique et évite ainsi la formation de dégradations à la jonction de la paroi et du fond, par exemple des craquelures ou des fissures consécutives aux effets subis par la chambre au moment du sertissage du bouchon dans le tube 1. The frustoconical shape of the chamber 6 produced in a cylindrical element gives rise to a peripheral wall of a progressive cross section from the upper part of the chamber to its lower part. This peripheral wall is connected to the 3D conical relief by an annular leave 3e. The great thickness of said wall on the bottom side of the chamber 6 and the presence of the leave leave allow the device to withstand the shock wave at the moment when the electric pulse is triggered and thus prevents the formation of damage to the junction of the wall and the bottom, for example cracks or cracks consecutive to the effects undergone by the chamber when the plug is crimped in the tube 1.

Dans le but d'obtenir la déformation de la partie supérieure de la paroi périphérique de la chambre et du tube I et de localiser les efforts dus à l'onde de pression à la périphérie de la chambre 6, le fond 3a de l'élément obturateur est de forte épaisseur. La forme tronconique de la chambre 6 contribue également à ce résultat. In order to obtain the deformation of the upper part of the peripheral wall of the chamber and of the tube I and to locate the forces due to the pressure wave at the periphery of the chamber 6, the bottom 3a of the element shutter is very thick. The frustoconical shape of the chamber 6 also contributes to this result.

Le bouchon 3 serti dans le tube 1 est représenté à la figure 2 du dessin. Le sertissage. est obtenu dans la zone 8, par déformation de la paroi latérale 3c de la chambre 6 par augmentation de la section sur la hauteur de la zone déformée. The plug 3 crimped into the tube 1 is shown in Figure 2 of the drawing. Crimping. is obtained in zone 8, by deformation of the side wall 3c of chamber 6 by increasing the section over the height of the deformed zone.

Selon l'exemple illustré à la figure 2, la paroi du tube 1 est comprimée entre la paroi déformée de la chambre et la plaque 2, ce qui assure la parfaite étanchéité du tube à cet endroit.  According to the example illustrated in Figure 2, the wall of the tube 1 is compressed between the deformed wall of the chamber and the plate 2, which ensures perfect sealing of the tube at this location.

Claims (7)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif pour obturer des tubes par effet hydro-électrique, caractérisé en ce qu'il se compose d'un élément tubulaire (3) fermé à l'une de ses extrémités (3a), lequel est d'un diamètre externe légèrement inférieur au diamètre interne du tube à boucher (1) et d'une électrode (5), engagée dans l'extrémité ouverte dudit élément (3) et isolée de celui-ci par une bague isolante (4), laquelle électrode (5) délimite avec le fond (3a) et la paroi latérale de l'élément tubulaire, une chambre (6) remplie d'un liquide isolant et dans laquelle chambre s'étend un filament (7) qui relie l'électrode (5) et le fond(3a) dudit élément tubulaire. 1. Device for closing tubes by hydroelectric effect, characterized in that it consists of a tubular element (3) closed at one of its ends (3a), which is of a slightly smaller external diameter to the internal diameter of the stopper tube (1) and of an electrode (5), engaged in the open end of said element (3) and isolated from it by an insulating ring (4), which electrode (5) delimits with the bottom (3a) and the side wall of the tubular element, a chamber (6) filled with an insulating liquid and in which chamber extends a filament (7) which connects the electrode (5) and the bottom (3a) of said tubular element. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite chambre (6) est tronconique et sa paroi converge sur un point situé du côte de l'extrémité fermée (3a) de l'élément tubulaire et sur l'axe longitudinal de celui-ci. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said chamber (6) is frustoconical and its wall converges on a point located on the side of the closed end (3a) of the tubular element and on the longitudinal axis of that -this. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément tubulaire d'obturation comporte une partie cylindrique (3b) dans laquelle est engagée la bague isolante (4) à l'intérieur de laquelle se trouve l'électrode (5), laquelle partie cylindrique (3b) est prolongée par ladite chambre tronconique (6). 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the tubular closure element comprises a cylindrical part (3b) in which is engaged the insulating ring (4) inside which is the electrode (5) , which cylindrical part (3b) is extended by said frustoconical chamber (6). 4. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que la bague isolante (4) comporte une collerette (4a), mise en butée sur l'extremite ouverte dudit élément obturateur (3). 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the insulating ring (4) comprises a flange (4a), abutted on the open end of said shutter element (3). 5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications I à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité (5a) de l'électrode est conique et que le fond (3e) de la chambre (6) comporte, en son centre, un relief conique (3d). 5. Device according to any one of claims I to 4, characterized in that the end (5a) of the electrode is conical and that the bottom (3e) of the chamber (6) has, in its center, a conical relief (3d). 6. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le fond (3a) de l'élément tubulaire obturateur est de forte épaisseur. 6. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bottom (3a) of the obturator tubular element is very thick. 7. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le filament (7) est coaxial à la chambre tronconique (6) et passe par le sommet desdits cônes (Sa/3d).  7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the filament (7) is coaxial with the frustoconical chamber (6) and passes through the top of said cones (Sa / 3d).
FR8406449A 1984-04-20 1984-04-20 Device for blanking off tubes by hydroelectric effect Withdrawn FR2563126A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8406449A FR2563126A1 (en) 1984-04-20 1984-04-20 Device for blanking off tubes by hydroelectric effect

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8406449A FR2563126A1 (en) 1984-04-20 1984-04-20 Device for blanking off tubes by hydroelectric effect

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9802237B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2017-10-31 ADM28 s.ár.l. Head of an exploding-wire electrohydraulic discharge device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1499412A (en) * 1966-09-14 1967-10-27 Yorkshire Imp Metals Ltd Method of fixing a metal tube in a metal plate
FR2018520A1 (en) * 1968-09-20 1970-05-29 Babcock & Wilcox Co
FR2195769A2 (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-03-08 Yorkshire Imperial Metals Ltd
DE2322169A1 (en) * 1973-05-02 1974-11-14 Siemens Ag Welding or plating metals by hydrospark process - shock wave generated in water joins tubes by high speed deformation
LU75052A1 (en) * 1976-05-31 1977-12-22

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1499412A (en) * 1966-09-14 1967-10-27 Yorkshire Imp Metals Ltd Method of fixing a metal tube in a metal plate
FR2018520A1 (en) * 1968-09-20 1970-05-29 Babcock & Wilcox Co
FR2195769A2 (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-03-08 Yorkshire Imperial Metals Ltd
DE2322169A1 (en) * 1973-05-02 1974-11-14 Siemens Ag Welding or plating metals by hydrospark process - shock wave generated in water joins tubes by high speed deformation
LU75052A1 (en) * 1976-05-31 1977-12-22

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9802237B2 (en) 2012-02-29 2017-10-31 ADM28 s.ár.l. Head of an exploding-wire electrohydraulic discharge device

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