EP0167417B1 - Sodium-water steam generators with a central body - Google Patents
Sodium-water steam generators with a central body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0167417B1 EP0167417B1 EP85400849A EP85400849A EP0167417B1 EP 0167417 B1 EP0167417 B1 EP 0167417B1 EP 85400849 A EP85400849 A EP 85400849A EP 85400849 A EP85400849 A EP 85400849A EP 0167417 B1 EP0167417 B1 EP 0167417B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sodium
- central body
- steam generator
- gas
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na] NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEWPBNXVANZNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N argon sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Ar] VEWPBNXVANZNAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/06—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium
- F22B1/063—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being molten; Use of molten metal, e.g. zinc, as heat transfer medium for metal cooled nuclear reactors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sodium-water type steam generator used in particular in nuclear power plants.
- a boiler In power plants, a boiler provides heat to the fluid in a closed loop circuit, this heated fluid then circulates in a steam generator in order to transfer its heat to water which is transformed into steam, this steam being then sent to the power station turbines.
- the steam generator consists of a heat exchanger, the primary circuit of which contains liquid sodium and the secondary circuit of which contains water transformed into vapor.
- These steam generators comprise a cylindrical envelope with a vertical axis closed by domed bottoms inside which the tubular bundle is arranged.
- This bundle when formed by helically wound tubes, occupies only part of the cross section of the internal volume of the envelope and extends only over a part of the height of the envelope.
- Above the beam an area is provided in which at least one inlet pipe for heated liquid sodium opens, while at the lower part of the steam generator there is an outlet pipe for the cooled liquid sodium.
- the liquid sodium circulates between its inlet and its outlet from the envelope of the steam generator, in contact with the external surface of the tubes of the tube bundle inside which circulates water which is vaporized by heat exchange with the liquid sodium.
- the central part of the internal volume of the envelope is occupied by a cylindrical central body closed at its upper part, coaxial with the envelope of the steam generator, from the lower part of said generator to the upper zone into which the sodium arrives. liquid.
- the tubular bundle occupies the peripheral part of the internal volume of the envelope, around the central body, over the entire height thereof, with the exception of its lower part in which openings allow the exit of the liquid sodium after its crossing of the bundle without creating a flow disturbance at the level of the output tubes of the bundle tubes.
- the sodium supply and the circulation thereof in the steam generator are adjusted so that the upper level of this sodium in the envelope of the generator is a little above the sodium inlet, in the upper part of the envelope.
- the space between the upper sodium level and the upper bottom of the generator is filled with a neutral gas such as argon.
- the present invention aims to mainly overcome these various drawbacks while allowing the exit of the liquid sodium which has passed through the tubular bundle without causing vortex flows at the level of the output lyres of the tubes.
- the central body filled with liquid sodium in its upper and middle part comprises at its lower part - on the one hand a convex bottom under which an inert gas is injected to form a pocket which defines a gas-liquid separation surface used for reflection and attenuation of a pressure wave in the event of a sodium-water reaction, and - on the other hand, a star part which connects the lower end of the central body to a terminal part provided with a frustoconical part fitting together with an annular clearance in a tube for the part of the liquid sodium which has passed through the tube bundle.
- the steam generator comprises a cylindrical envelope 1 of great length with respect to its diameter and arranged vertically, filled with circulating liquid sodium constituting the primary circuit.
- This envelope 1 is closed by two domed bottoms 2 and 3 at its upper end and at its lower end, respectively.
- the lower bottom 3 is provided with a slightly conical extension 4 to form a sodium outlet tube 5.
- the liquid sodium arriving at the steam generator is introduced into the inlet chamber through orifices 6 radial to the envelope 1, then circulates from top to bottom inside said envelope, and reaches the exit zone located at the bottom of the steam generator from where it is evacuated by the pipe 5.
- the steam generator comprises a secondary circuit constituted by a tubular bundle 7 wound in a helix in the annular space existing between the central body 10 and the envelope 1. This helical bundle ends in expansion lyres 8, each tube 9 passing through then radially the outer casing 1. Water is introduced through the lower part of the tubes 9 and leaves through the upper part in the form of vapor.
- a star part 11 formed by eight radial fins 12 carrying a small central tube 13 is welded to the lower part of the central body 10 by means of a flange upper 14.
- This star part 11 also includes a lower flange 15 on which is welded an end part 16 which ends in a frustoconical part 17 fitting together with a fairly large clearance in the conical tube 5. This clearance allows a certain sodium flow, approximately 10%, between the envelope 1 and the end of the cylindrical body so as to sweep the expansion lyres 8, avoiding any harmful stagnant sodium.
- the fins 12 therefore form eight sectors 18 which, at the end of the helical beam 7 and the start of the lyres 8, each communicate through an opening 19 with the peripheral space of the steam generator arranged around the central body 10.
- the part in a star 11 produced for example in foundry also comprises in the middle of each fin 12, an arm 20 intended to center the central body 10 relative to the outer casing and to maintain this body in the event of radial stresses for example during an earthquake; there are therefore as many arms as there are fins.
- a level probe 21 held by the small central tube 13 is mounted in the axis of the cylindrical body 10.
- the cylindrical body 10 is closed by a convex bottom 23 so as to constitute a pocket 24 containing a small volume of inert gas, for example argon and defining a gas-liquid separation surface 25; the upper part of the cylindrical body 10 situated above this convex bottom being filled with liquid sodium.
- the central portion of the domed bottom 23 is crossed by the level probe 21.
- a small conduit 26 brings the necessary volume of gas into the pocket 24, and a tube 27 extends between the separation surface 25 and the upper free level 30 sodium. This tube 27 keeps a constant sodium level in the pocket 24 filled with gas, any surplus escaping to the upper free level 30 of the steam generator.
- the domed bottom 23 also includes a tube 22 for emptying the central body 10, in particular in the event of rapid emptying of the steam generator.
- the casing 1 of the latter Before the steam generator is put into service, the casing 1 of the latter is filled with liquid sodium up to level 30.
- the argon is then sent inside the bag 24 through the small conduit 26.
- the sodium level in the bag 24 is established at the bottom of the tube 27.
- the level probe makes it possible, with other specialized equipment, to detect the level where the leak is located by successively lowering the sodium level of the steam generator.
- the main advantage of the device according to the invention is to allow rapid damping of the pressure waves, after the appearance of these, and whatever their direction of propagation. This result is obtained by a simple design of the devices for producing a free level at the base of the steam generator.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
La présente invention a pour objet un générateur de vapeur du type sodium-eau utilisé notamment dans les centrales nucléaires.The present invention relates to a sodium-water type steam generator used in particular in nuclear power plants.
Dans les centrales électriques, une chaudière apporte de la chaleur au fluide d'un circuit en boucle fermée, ce fluide échauffé circulant alors dans un générateur de vapeur afin de céder sa chaleur à de l'eau qui est transformée en vapeur, cette vapeur étant ensuite envoyée dans les turbines de la centrale.In power plants, a boiler provides heat to the fluid in a closed loop circuit, this heated fluid then circulates in a steam generator in order to transfer its heat to water which is transformed into steam, this steam being then sent to the power station turbines.
Certaines centrales nucléaires, notamment du type à neutrons rapides, utilisent comme fluide servant au transport des calories depuis la chaudière vers le générateur de vapeur, du sodium liquide. Dans ce cas le générateur de vapeur est constitué d'un échangeur de chaleur dont le circuit primaire renferme du sodium liquide et dont le circuit secondaire renferme de l'eau transformée en vapeur.Some nuclear power plants, especially of the fast neutron type, use liquid sodium as the fluid used to transport calories from the boiler to the steam generator. In this case, the steam generator consists of a heat exchanger, the primary circuit of which contains liquid sodium and the secondary circuit of which contains water transformed into vapor.
Ces générateurs de vapeur comportent une enveloppe cylindrique à axe vertical fermée par des fonds bombés à l'intérieur de laquelle est disposé le faisceau tubulaire. Ce faisceau, lorsqu'il est constitué par des tubes enroulés en hélice, occupe une partie seulement de la section transversale du volume interne de l'enveloppe et ne s'étend que sur une partie de la hauteur de l'enveloppe. Au-dessus du faisceau, est ménagée une zone dans laquelle débouche au moins une conduite d'arrivée de sodium liquide échauffé, alors qu'à fa partie inférieure du générateur de vapeur est prévue une conduite de sortie du sodium liquide refroidi.These steam generators comprise a cylindrical envelope with a vertical axis closed by domed bottoms inside which the tubular bundle is arranged. This bundle, when formed by helically wound tubes, occupies only part of the cross section of the internal volume of the envelope and extends only over a part of the height of the envelope. Above the beam, an area is provided in which at least one inlet pipe for heated liquid sodium opens, while at the lower part of the steam generator there is an outlet pipe for the cooled liquid sodium.
Le sodium liquide circule, entre son entrée et sa sortie de l'enveloppe du générateur de vapeur, en contact avec la surface externe des tubes du faisceau tubulaire à l'intérieur desquels circule de l'eau qui se vaporise par échange de chaleur avec le sodium liquide.The liquid sodium circulates between its inlet and its outlet from the envelope of the steam generator, in contact with the external surface of the tubes of the tube bundle inside which circulates water which is vaporized by heat exchange with the liquid sodium.
La partie centrale du volume interne de l'enveloppe est occupée par un corps central cylindrique fermé à sa partie supérieure, coaxial à l'enveloppe du générateur de vapeur, depuis la partie inférieure dudit générateur jusqu'à la zone supérieure dans laquelle arrive le sodium liquide. Le faisceau tubulaire occupe la partie périphérique du volume interne de l'enveloppe, autour du corps central, sur toute la hauteur de celui-ci, à l'exception de sa partie inférieure dans laquelle des ouvertures permettent la sortie du sodium liquide après sa traversée du faisceau sans créer de perturbation d'écoulement au niveau des lyres de sortie des tubes du faisceau.The central part of the internal volume of the envelope is occupied by a cylindrical central body closed at its upper part, coaxial with the envelope of the steam generator, from the lower part of said generator to the upper zone into which the sodium arrives. liquid. The tubular bundle occupies the peripheral part of the internal volume of the envelope, around the central body, over the entire height thereof, with the exception of its lower part in which openings allow the exit of the liquid sodium after its crossing of the bundle without creating a flow disturbance at the level of the output tubes of the bundle tubes.
L'alimentation en sodium et la circulation de celui-ci dans le générateur de vapeur sont réglées de façon que le niveau supérieur de ce sodium dans l'enveloppe du générateur se situe un peu au-dessus de l'arrivée de sodium, dans la partie supérieure de l'enveloppe. L'espace compris entre le niveau supérieur du sodium et le fond supérieur du générateur est rempli par un gaz neutre tel que l'argon.The sodium supply and the circulation thereof in the steam generator are adjusted so that the upper level of this sodium in the envelope of the generator is a little above the sodium inlet, in the upper part of the envelope. The space between the upper sodium level and the upper bottom of the generator is filled with a neutral gas such as argon.
Dans de tels générateurs de vapeur, des précautions doivent être prises pour éviter tout contact entre le sodium liquide du circuit primaire et l'eau du circuit secondaire. En effet, on sait que le mélange de sodium et d'eau à haute température provoque des réactions chimiques très violentes, avec dégagement de gaz et augmentation brutale de la pression régnant dans le sodium liquide. Ces réactions brutales accidentelles qui peuvent s'apparenter à une explosion à l'intérieur du générateur, peuvent provoquer la détérioration partielle de certains organes, mais aussi, du fait de la propagation de l'onde de pression dans les canalisations du circuit secondaire, l'endommagement des échangeurs intermédiaires, ou l'endommagement des pompes de circulation ou toute autre installation située sur ce circuit secondaire. Il est donc nécessaire de favoriser la propagation des ondes de pression vers un niveau libre du sodium liquide où ces ondes sont amorties.In such steam generators, precautions must be taken to avoid contact between the liquid sodium in the primary circuit and the water in the secondary circuit. Indeed, it is known that the mixture of sodium and water at high temperature causes very violent chemical reactions, with release of gas and sudden increase in the pressure prevailing in liquid sodium. These brutal accidental reactions which can resemble an explosion inside the generator, can cause the partial deterioration of certain organs, but also, due to the propagation of the pressure wave in the pipes of the secondary circuit, l damage to the intermediate exchangers, or damage to the circulation pumps or any other installation located on this secondary circuit. It is therefore necessary to promote the propagation of pressure waves towards a free level of liquid sodium where these waves are damped.
Jusqu'à présent, en cas de réaction sodium-eau, l'onde de pression qui se dirige vers le haut reçoit un amortissement important sur la surface libre supérieure du sodium, par contre celle qui se dirige vers le bas ne rencontre pas une telle surface libre.Up to now, in the event of a sodium-water reaction, the pressure wave which goes up receives a significant damping on the upper free surface of the sodium, on the other hand that which goes down does not meet such a free surface.
La présente invention vise à pallier principalement ces différents inconvénients tout en permettant la sortie du sodium liquide qui a traversé le faisceau tubulaire sans entraîner d'écoulements tourbillonnaires au niveau des lyres de sortie des tubes.The present invention aims to mainly overcome these various drawbacks while allowing the exit of the liquid sodium which has passed through the tubular bundle without causing vortex flows at the level of the output lyres of the tubes.
Suivant l'invention le corps central rempli de sodium liquide dans sa partie supérieure et moyenne comporte à sa partie inférieure - d'une part un fond bombé sous lequel est injecté un gaz inerte pour constituer une poche qui définit une surface de séparation gaz-liquide servant à la réflexion et à l'atténuation d'une onde de pression en cas de réaction sodium-eau, et - d'autre part une pièce en étoile qui relie l'extrémité inférieure du corps central à une pièce terminale munie d'une partie tronconique s'emboîtant avec un jeu annulaire dans une tubulure pour la partie du sodium liquide qui a traversé le faisceau tubulaire.According to the invention the central body filled with liquid sodium in its upper and middle part comprises at its lower part - on the one hand a convex bottom under which an inert gas is injected to form a pocket which defines a gas-liquid separation surface used for reflection and attenuation of a pressure wave in the event of a sodium-water reaction, and - on the other hand, a star part which connects the lower end of the central body to a terminal part provided with a frustoconical part fitting together with an annular clearance in a tube for the part of the liquid sodium which has passed through the tube bundle.
On décrira à présent, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe par un plan vertical de symétrie du générateur de vapeur.
- La figure 2 représente une vue en coupe à plus grande échelle de la partie inférieure du générateur de vapeur.
- La figure 3 représente une demi-vue en coupe selon AA de la figure 2.
- Figure 1 shows a sectional view through a vertical plane of symmetry of the steam generator.
- FIG. 2 represents an enlarged sectional view of the lower part of the steam generator.
- FIG. 3 represents a half-view in section along AA of FIG. 2.
Le générateur de vapeur comporte une enveloppe cylindrique 1 de grande longueur par rapport à son diamètre et disposée verticalement, remplie de sodium liquide en circulation constituant le circuit primaire. Cette enveloppe 1 est fermée par deux fonds bombés 2 et 3 à son extrémité supérieure et à son extrémité inférieure, respectivement.The steam generator comprises a
Le fond inférieur 3 est muni d'un prolongement 4 légèrement conique pour former une tubulure 5 de sortie du sodium. Le sodium liquide arrivant au générateur de vapeur, est introduit dans la chambre d'entrée par des orifices 6 radiaux à l'enveloppe 1, puis circule de haut en bas à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe, et parvient à la zone de sortie située à la partie inférieure du générateur de vapeur d'où il est évacué par la tubulure 5.The
A l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 1 est fixé un corps cylindrique creux 10, coaxialement à ladite enveloppe. Le générateur de vapeur comporte un circuit secondaire constitué par un faisceau tubulaire 7 enroulé en hélice dans l'espace annulaire existant entre le corps central 10 et l'enveloppe 1. Ce faisceau hélicoïdal se termine par des lyres de dilatation 8, chaque tube 9 traversant ensuite radialement l'enveloppe externe 1. L'eau est introduite par la partie inférieure des tubes 9 et ressort par la partie supérieure sous forme de vapeur.Inside the
En se reportant plus particulièrement aux figures 2 et 3, on voit qu'une pièce en étoile 11 formée par huit ailettes radiales 12 portant un petit tube central 13 est soudée sur la partie inférieure du corps central 10 par l'intermédiaire d'une collerette supérieure 14. Cette pièce en étoile 11 comporte également une collerette inférieure 15 sur laquelle est soudée une pièce terminale 16 qui s'achève par une partie tronconique 17 s'emboîtant avec un jeu assez important dans la tubulure conique 5. Ce jeu permet un certain débit de sodium, environ 10 %, entre l'enveloppe 1 et la fin du corps cylindrique de manière à balayer les lyres de dilatation 8, évitant tout sodium stagnant nuisible. Les ailettes 12 forment donc huit secteurs 18 qui, au niveau de la fin du faisceau hélicoïdal 7 et du début des lyres 8, communiquent chacun par une ouverture 19 avec l'espace périphérique du générateur de vapeur disposé autour du corps central 10. La pièce en étoile 11 réalisée par exemple en fonderie comporte également au milieu de chaque ailette 12, un bras 20 destiné à centrer le corps central 10 par rapport à l'enveloppe extérieure et maintenir ce corps en cas de sollicitations radiales par exemple lors de séisme ; il y a donc autant de bras que d'ailettes. Une sonde de niveau 21 maintenue par le petit tube central 13 est montée dans l'axe du corps cylindrique 10.Referring more particularly to Figures 2 and 3, it can be seen that a
Légèrement au-dessus de la collerette supérieure 14 de la pièce en étoile 11, le corps cylindrique 10 est fermé par un fond bombé 23 de manière à constituer une poche 24 contenant un petit volume de gaz inerte par exemple de l'argon et définissant une surface de séparation 25 gaz-liquide ; la partie supérieure du corps cylindrique 10 située au-dessus de ce fond bombé étant remplie de sodium liquide. La partie centrale du fond bombé 23 est traversée par la sonde de niveau 21. Un petit conduit 26 amène dans la poche 24 le volume de gaz nécessaire, et un tube 27 s'étend entre la surface de séparation 25 et le niveau libre 30 supérieur de sodium. Ce tube 27 permet de conserver un niveau de sodium constant dans la poche 24 remplie de gaz, tout surplus s'échappant vers le niveau libre supérieur 30 du générateur de vapeur. Le fond bombé 23 comporte également un tube 22 pour la vidange du corps central 10, notamment en cas de vidange rapide du générateur de vapeur.Slightly above the
Avant la mise en service du générateur de vapeur, l'enveloppe 1 de celui-ci est remplie de sodium liquide jusqu'au niveau 30. On envoie alors l'argon à l'intérieur de la poche 24 par le petit conduit 26. Le niveau de sodium dans la poche 24 s'établit au niveau de la partie inférieure du tube 27.Before the steam generator is put into service, the
Si dans le générateur de vapeur tel que décrit précédemment une fuite se produit dans le faisceau tubulaire transportant l'eau, l'onde de pression consécutive à la réaction violente sodium-eau rencontre très rapidement un niveau libre sodium argon si bien qu'elle est considérablement amortie à l'intérieur même du générateur de vapeur. En effet, l'onde de pression, qui se dirige vers le haut, rencontre le niveau libre supérieur 30 où elle est considérablement amortie. Il en est de même pour l'onde de pression qui se dirige vers le bas, car elle rencontre très rapidement la surface de séparation 25 gaz-liquide où elle est également amortie, du fait de l'élasticité de la poche de gaz 24, évitant ainsi que cette onde de pression ne se propage dans des proportions importantes par la canalisation de sortie du sodium, en direction des autres appareils situés dans ce circuit, c'est-à-dire principalement les pompes de circulation et surtout les échangeurs intermédiaires.If in the steam generator as described above a leak occurs in the tube bundle transporting the water, the pressure wave following the violent sodium-water reaction very quickly meets a free level of sodium argon so that it is considerably dampened inside the steam generator. Indeed, the pressure wave, which goes upwards, meets the upper
D'autre part, en cas de fuite d'un tube du faisceau, la sonde de niveau permet, avec d'autres appareillages spécialisés, de détecter le niveau où se situe la fuite par abaissement successif du niveau de sodium du générateur de vapeur.On the other hand, in the event of a leak in a bundle tube, the level probe makes it possible, with other specialized equipment, to detect the level where the leak is located by successively lowering the sodium level of the steam generator.
On voit que le principal avantage du dispositif selon l'invention est de permettre un amortissement rapide des ondes de pression, après l'apparition de celles-ci, et quel que soit leur sens de propagation. Ce résultat est obtenu par une conception simple des dispositifs de réalisation d'un niveau libre à la base du générateur de vapeur.We see that the main advantage of the device according to the invention is to allow rapid damping of the pressure waves, after the appearance of these, and whatever their direction of propagation. This result is obtained by a simple design of the devices for producing a free level at the base of the steam generator.
Claims (5)
- A steam generator of the sodium-water type for nuclear power stations comprising :- a cylindrical shell (1) having a vertical axis filled with liquid sodiun and closed by two crowned end walls (2, 3) at its upper end and its lower end, said lower end wall (3) being provided with a slightly conical extension (4) for forming a sodium outlet pipe (5),- a hollow central body (10) open in its upper part and disposed inside and coaxially with the cylindrical shell (1),- and a secondary circuit constituted by a tube bundle (7) for circulation of water and extending in the annular space between the central body (10) and the cylindrical shell (1),
characterised in that the central body (10) filled with liquid sodium in its upper and middle part includes in its lower part, on one hand, a crowned end wall (23) under which an inert gas is injected so as to constitute a pocket (24) which defines a gas liquid-separation surface (25) for the reflection and the attenuation of a pressure wave in the event of a sodium-water reaction, and, on the other hand, a spider element (11) which connects the lower end of the central body (10) to an end element (16) provided with a frustoconical part (17) which extends with an annular clearance into the outlet pipe (5) for the liquid sodium which has travelled through the tube bundle (7). - 2. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterised in that the pocket (24) includes a gas supply conduit (26) and a vertical tube (27) connecting said pocket to the upper part of the steam generator for discharging the excess gas and maintaining the gas-sodium level constant.
- 3. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterised in that the spider element (11), which is made in the foundry, is formed by radial fins (12) carrying a central tube (13) for maintaining a level probe (21) and includes an upper flange (14) and a lower flange (15) which are respectively welded to the central body (10) and to the end element (16).
- 4. A steam generator according to claim 3, characterised in that the radial fins (12) define in the spider element (11) sectors (18) each communicating through an opening (19) with the annular space between the central body (10) and the shell (1).
- 5. A steam generator according to claim 4, characterised in that each radial fin (12) is extended in a part of its height by arms (20) substantially to the shell (1) for the centering and radial maintenance of the central body (10) relative to the shell (1).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8406942A FR2563895B1 (en) | 1984-05-04 | 1984-05-04 | IMPROVEMENT IN SODIUM-WATER-TYPE CENTRAL BODY STEAM GENERATORS |
| FR8406942 | 1984-05-04 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0167417A1 EP0167417A1 (en) | 1986-01-08 |
| EP0167417B1 true EP0167417B1 (en) | 1988-01-20 |
Family
ID=9303699
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP85400849A Expired EP0167417B1 (en) | 1984-05-04 | 1985-04-30 | Sodium-water steam generators with a central body |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4624217A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0167417B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0610521B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3561485D1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2563895B1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3279439A (en) * | 1964-06-05 | 1966-10-18 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Vapor generating superheating and reheating unit |
| US3924675A (en) * | 1973-05-03 | 1975-12-09 | Us Energy | Energy absorber for sodium-heated heat exchanger |
| JPS5172802A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1976-06-24 | Hitachi Ltd | NETSUKOKANKI |
| FR2363772A1 (en) * | 1976-09-03 | 1978-03-31 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | HEAT EXCHANGER, IN PARTICULAR LIQUID SODIUM HEATED STEAM GENERATOR |
| US4163470A (en) * | 1977-06-30 | 1979-08-07 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Industrial technique |
| FR2509841B1 (en) * | 1981-07-17 | 1986-07-18 | Creusot Loire | IMPROVEMENT ON SODIUM-WATER STEAM GENERATORS |
| FR2523268A1 (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1983-09-16 | Novatome | DEVICE FOR PRODUCING STEAM BY EXCHANGING HEAT BETWEEN A LIQUID-COOLED METAL AND FOOD WATER COMPRISING SEVERAL INTERFACES METAL LIQUID-NEUTRAL GAS |
| FR2524609A1 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1983-10-07 | Novatome | EMERGENCY SHUT-OFF DEVICE IN THE EVENT OF LEAKAGE OF A TUBE OF A STEAM GENERATOR |
| FR2533355B1 (en) * | 1982-09-22 | 1988-07-08 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | SECONDARY HEATER CIRCUIT FOR A NUCLEAR REACTOR COOLED BY A LIQUID METAL AND STEAM GENERATOR SUITABLE FOR SUCH A CIRCUIT |
-
1984
- 1984-05-04 FR FR8406942A patent/FR2563895B1/en not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-04-29 US US06/728,419 patent/US4624217A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1985-04-30 DE DE8585400849T patent/DE3561485D1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-04-30 EP EP85400849A patent/EP0167417B1/en not_active Expired
- 1985-05-02 JP JP60095334A patent/JPH0610521B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2563895B1 (en) | 1986-10-31 |
| JPS6136601A (en) | 1986-02-21 |
| US4624217A (en) | 1986-11-25 |
| EP0167417A1 (en) | 1986-01-08 |
| FR2563895A1 (en) | 1985-11-08 |
| JPH0610521B2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
| DE3561485D1 (en) | 1988-02-25 |
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