FR2578957A1 - Improvement to steam generators of nuclear reactors - Google Patents

Improvement to steam generators of nuclear reactors Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2578957A1
FR2578957A1 FR8503620A FR8503620A FR2578957A1 FR 2578957 A1 FR2578957 A1 FR 2578957A1 FR 8503620 A FR8503620 A FR 8503620A FR 8503620 A FR8503620 A FR 8503620A FR 2578957 A1 FR2578957 A1 FR 2578957A1
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France
Prior art keywords
steam generator
tube plate
tubes
generator according
sleeves
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FR8503620A
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French (fr)
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR8503620A priority Critical patent/FR2578957A1/en
Publication of FR2578957A1 publication Critical patent/FR2578957A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/22—Drums; Headers; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/225—Arrangements on drums or collectors for fixing tubes or for connecting collectors to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B23K9/0288—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding of tubes to tube plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/002—Component parts or details of steam boilers specially adapted for nuclear steam generators, e.g. maintenance, repairing or inspecting equipment not otherwise provided for
    • F22B37/003—Maintenance, repairing or inspecting equipment positioned in or via the headers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/04—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F28F19/02—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings
    • F28F19/06—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers by using coatings, e.g. vitreous or enamel coatings of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a mode of production of steam generators SG of nuclear reactors intended to prevent corrosive attack on the exchange tubes, at the upper part of the tube plate. It is characterised in that the tube plate 901 is coated on both its surfaces 902 and 903 with an Inconel coating before being drilled to receive sleeves 904 with shoulders 905, which sleeves are electron beam welded. The tubes 906 of the SG are joined end-to-end at the end of the extension 907 of the sleeve by means of an internal welder 908, with the presence on the reverse of the weld of an elastic chamber 909 allowing a neutral gas 910 to flow.

Description

AMELIORATIONS AUX CENERATEURS DE VAPEUR DES RF > CTEURS NUCLéAIRES
L'invention concerne un nouveau mode de constitution des générateurs de vapeur destiné à éviter les attaques de corrosion sur les tubes, au niveau supérieur de la plaque tubulaire.IMPROVEMENTS TO RF STEAM CENERATORS> NUCLEAR CECTORS
The invention relates to a new method of constituting steam generators intended to avoid corrosion attacks on the tubes, at the upper level of the tube plate.

Plusieurs facteurs sont connus qui conduisent à l'apparition de fissures dans les tubes des générateurs de vapeur (GV), et qui, se généralisant, conduisent à devoir les réparer, et à défaut devoir les remplacer. Citons en particulier: a) la formation de dépôts entre la plaque tubulaire et les tubes lorsque ceux ci ne sont pas fermement appuyés contre les perçages de la plaque tubulaire, b) la formation de dépôts adhérents sur la face supérieure de la plaque tubulaire (côté secondaire), dépôts qui changent les régimes de température et la chimie de liteau au niveau des tubes, c) les contraintes résiduelles des tubes de GV, qui conjuguées aux facteurs précédents, conduisent à des corrosions sous tension.Several factors are known which lead to the appearance of cracks in the tubes of the steam generators (GV), and which, becoming generalized, lead to having to repair them, or failing this, having to replace them. Let us cite in particular: a) the formation of deposits between the tube plate and the tubes when the latter are not firmly pressed against the holes in the tube plate, b) the formation of adherent deposits on the upper face of the tube plate (side secondary), deposits which change the temperature regimes and the chemistry of the batten at the level of the tubes, c) the residual stresses of the GV tubes, which combined with the preceding factors, lead to corrosions under tension.

Il s'agit en particulier de contraintes situées dans la zone dite de transition, juste où les tubes sortent de la plaque tubulaire. Cette zone correspond à la fin de l'expansion du tube, expansion destinée à créer une étanchéité "mécanique" entre les tubes et la p##laque.These are in particular constraints located in the so-called transition zone, just where the tubes exit from the tube plate. This zone corresponds to the end of the expansion of the tube, expansion intended to create a "mechanical" seal between the tubes and the p ## lacquer.

Cette expansion se fait soit par des charges explosives, soit encore et plus fréquemment, par dudgeonnage (expansion mécanique par des galets écartés progressivement. C'est une déformation plastique qui inévitablement entraine des contraintes résiduelles et souvent un laminage longitudinal du tube.This expansion is done either by explosive charges, or even and more frequently, by expansion (mechanical expansion by rollers progressively spaced apart. It is a plastic deformation which inevitably leads to residual stresses and often a longitudinal rolling of the tube.

Par ailleurs, le contrôle d'exécution de ces procédés mécaniques d'expansion des tubes est délicat, et lton ne dispose pas actuellement de méthodes de contrôle de qualité bien adaptées.Furthermore, the control of the execution of these mechanical processes for expanding the tubes is delicate, and lton does not currently have well-suited quality control methods.

Le détensionnement thermique de ces contraintes reste délicat du fait que les températures de relaxation de l'Inconel sont supérieures à celles admissibles par le matériau de la plaque tubulaire. Le détensionnement par effet mécanique tel le grenaillage ou autre, ne peut s'envisager que pour la surface intérieure des tubes, la surface extérieure restant inaccessible.The thermal stress relieving of these constraints remains delicate because the relaxation temperatures of the Inconel are higher than those admissible by the material of the tube plate. The stress relieving by mechanical effect such as shot blasting or other, can only be envisaged for the inner surface of the tubes, the outer surface remaining inaccessible.

La présente invention a pour objet une conception d'assemblage qui permet d'éviter de recourir aux procédés mécaniques d'expansion des tubes; et gràce à laquelle ne seront crées dans les tubes lors du processus d'assemblage, que des tensions dont on sait se défaire sans porter préjudice à la plaque tubulaire.The subject of the present invention is an assembly design which makes it possible to avoid resorting to mechanical processes for expanding the tubes; and thanks to which will be created in the tubes during the assembly process, only tensions which we know how to get rid of without damaging the tube plate.

La figure 1 schématise la configuration de GV de réacteurs à eau pressurisée.Figure 1 shows schematically the GV configuration of pressurized water reactors.

Au dessus dé la botte à eau 901 du GV se situe la plaque tubulaire 902 de distribution des tubes 903. Chaque tube effectue un aller et retour à la boîte à eau. Les tubes 903 sont distribués sur la plaque tubulaire 902 selon une trame ou réseau, définie par sa nature (pas carré ou équilatéral), par la valeur du pas du réseau, et le diamètre des tubes.Above the water boot 901 of the GV is located the tubular plate 902 for distributing the tubes 903. Each tube goes back and forth to the water box. The tubes 903 are distributed on the tube plate 902 according to a frame or network, defined by its nature (not square or equilateral), by the value of the network pitch, and the diameter of the tubes.

La figure 2 montre la fixation d'un tube 903 sur la plaque tubulaire 902. Il est fréquemnient dudgeonné (expansion mécanique par un outil à galets) sur toute l'épaisseur de la plaque 902, soudé en 904 sur le revètement inférieur 910, et reprend son diamètre initial 903 directement ou par une zone de transition d'expansion 905.FIG. 2 shows the fixing of a tube 903 to the tubular plate 902. It is frequently expanded (mechanical expansion by a roller tool) over the entire thickness of the plate 902, welded at 904 to the lower covering 910, and returns to its initial diameter 903 directly or through an expansion transition zone 905.

La figure 3 montre la constitution de la plaque tubulaire telle que proposée dans l'invention, avant mise en place des tubes du générateur de vapeur, en différentes versions de réalisation.Figure 3 shows the constitution of the tube plate as proposed in the invention, before installation of the steam generator tubes, in different embodiments.

La figure 4 schématise le soudage interne d'un tube vapeur sur une manchette pré-installée sur la plaque tubulaire.Figure 4 shows schematically the internal welding of a steam tube on a sleeve pre-installed on the tube plate.

La figure 5 se refère à l'assemblage des tubes sur la plaque manchonnee.Figure 5 refers to the assembly of the tubes on the sleeved plate.

Il stagit d'abord selon cette invention, de constituer une plaque tubulaire qui sera pourvue d'un revètement (généralement en Inconel sur chacune de ses faces, un revètement 910 sur la face inférieure faisant partie du circuit primaire, et un revètement 911 sur la face supérieure côté circuit secondaire.Firstly, according to this invention, they set up a tubular plate which will be provided with a coating (generally in Inconel on each of its faces, a coating 910 on the underside forming part of the primary circuit, and a coating 911 on the upper side secondary circuit side.

Après cette opération, la plaque tubulaire est percée.After this operation, the tube plate is pierced.

Des logements coniques 912 ou cylindriques 913 sont alors usinés en extrémité de chaque perçage de la face supérieur, dans le revètement 911.Conical 912 or cylindrical 913 housings are then machined at the end of each hole in the upper face, in the covering 911.

Des manchettes 914 sont alors introduites dans chacun des perçages, manchettes qui seront directement soudées aux revètements. Chaque manchette possède un épaulement (conique 915, ou cylindrique 916) qui vient dans le logement usiné précédent.Cuffs 914 are then introduced into each of the holes, cuffs which will be directly welded to the coverings. Each cuff has a shoulder (conical 915, or cylindrical 916) which comes into the previous machined housing.

Du côté de l'épaulement la manchette se prolonge en 917 sur une ou plusieurs dizaines de millimètres au dessus de la plaque tubulaire; et c'est sur cette extrémité dépassante que sera ultérieurement rabouté un tube du GV. On the side of the shoulder, the cuff extends at 917 over one or more tens of millimeters above the tube plate; and it is on this protruding end that a tube from the GV will be later joined.

L'épaulement est alors soudé dans son logement par un faisceau d'électrons ou par laser, techniques compatibles avec le dépassement de la manchette; la soudure affecte la forme effilée classique 924.The shoulder is then welded in its housing by an electron beam or by laser, techniques compatible with passing the cuff; the weld takes the classic tapered shape 924.

L'autre extrémité 920 de la manchette est soudée sur le revètement 910, soit directement et sans accostage lorsqu'il s'agit d'un soudage par faisceau d'électrons (soudure 921), soit encore sur une bague intermédiaire d'ajustement 922 par soudage par électrons ou par soudage à clin 923.The other end 920 of the cuff is welded to the covering 910, either directly and without docking when it is an electron beam welding (welding 921), or else on an intermediate adjustment ring 922 by electron welding or clinching 923.

Après soudage des manchettes les soudures seront détensionnées. Pour relaxer les contraintes de tension, on pourra par exemple recourir à un dudgeonnage (rolling) de la manchette au droit de chacune des soudures: du fait de la configuration de l'assemblage, ce dudgeonnage n'entrain qu'une déformation minime du diamètre intérieur du tube.After welding the cuffs the welds will be tensioned. To relieve the stresses of tension, one will be able for example to resort to a rolling expansion of the cuff to the right of each weld: because of the configuration of the assembly, this expansion only causes a minimal deformation of the diameter inside the tube.

Une autre méthode de détensionnement consiste à utiliser les procédés classiques de sablage, de grenaillage, ou encore de martelage de la surface des soudures manchette/plaque tubulaire, lesquelles sont directement accessibles.Another method of stress relieving consists in using the conventional methods of sandblasting, shot blasting, or even hammering the surface of the cuff / tube plate welds, which are directly accessible.

La plaque tubulaire ainsi constituée n'offre aucun risque mécanique de pénétration de l'eau entre plaque tubulaire et manchettes, du côté du cicuit secondaire comme du côté du circuit primaire.The tubular plate thus formed does not offer any mechanical risk of water penetration between the tubular plate and the sleeves, on the side of the secondary circuit as on the side of the primary circuit.

La plaque tubulaire ayant été assemblée au corps du générateur de vapeur, les tubes sont mis en place.The tube plate having been assembled to the body of the steam generator, the tubes are put in place.

Lors de cette opération en atelier, 11 enveloppe du GV est à lthorizontale, les tubes sont enfilés dans les entretoises et ils viennent s'engager sur des "épées de centrage" pré-introduites dans les manchettes, pour arriver au contact de l'extremite 917 des manchettes.During this workshop operation, the envelope of the GV is horizontal, the tubes are threaded through the spacers and they come to engage on "centering swords" pre-introduced in the cuffs, to arrive in contact with the end. 917 headlines.

Ces épées possèdent une électrode permettant d'effectuer le pointage par soudage.These swords have an electrode allowing to carry out the pointing by welding.

L'assemblage final est réalisé par une soudure de raboutage à l'aide d'une canne de soudage interne 933.The final assembly is carried out by a butt welding using an internal welding rod 933.

Pour effectuer correctement ce type de soudure, il est nécessaire d'assurer une protection de gaz neutre à l'envers de la soudure, c'est à dire à l'extérieur du joint.To correctly carry out this type of welding, it is necessary to provide neutral gas protection on the reverse side of the weld, that is to say outside the joint.

Pour ce faire, un manchon élastique 930 est placé autour du joint 931 à rabouter, qui a pour fonction de confiner une atmosphère de gaz neutre 932 sur la paroi extérieure du joint à souder.To do this, an elastic sleeve 930 is placed around the joint 931 to be butted, which has the function of confining an atmosphere of neutral gas 932 on the outer wall of the joint to be welded.

Ces manchons ou chambres élastiques 930 sont mises en place par un bras de positionnement 935 porté par un dispositif 934 commandé distance, capable de se déplacer verticalement en prenant appui sur les rangées de tubes vapeur 903 au fur et à mesure de leur montage. These sleeves or elastic chambers 930 are put in place by a positioning arm 935 carried by a remote-controlled device 934, capable of moving vertically by resting on the rows of steam tubes 903 as they are assembled.

Deux trous d'homme 936 et 937 seront ménagés en vis à vis dans le corps du GV de façon à permettre la mise en place du dispositif, et au besoin une intervention manuelle.Two manholes 936 and 937 will be made opposite in the body of the SG so as to allow the installation of the device, and if necessary manual intervention.

La soudure est ensuite détensionné par une canne chauffante qui la porte aux environs de 720 C, cette opération n'affectant pas les caractéristiques mécaniques de la plaque tubulaire. The weld is then relieved by a heating rod which brings it to around 720 ° C., this operation does not affect the mechanical characteristics of the tube plate.

Claims (8)

REVENDICATIONS:CLAIMS: 1. Générateur de vapeur pour réacteur nucléaire à eau pressurisée caractérisé en ce que la plaque tubulaire reçoit deux revètements protecteurs contre la corrosion (en acier inoxydable, en Inconel..): l'un 910 sur la face exposée au circuit primaire, l'autre 911 sur celle exposée au circuit secondaire; et que des manchettes 915 en Inconel ou autre matériau anticorrosion, sont soudées de part et d'autre de la plaque tubulaire, sur ces revètements.1. Steam generator for a pressurized water nuclear reactor characterized in that the tube plate receives two protective coatings against corrosion (stainless steel, Inconel, etc.): one 910 on the face exposed to the primary circuit, the another 911 on the one exposed to the secondary circuit; and that cuffs 915 in Inconel or other anticorrosion material are welded on either side of the tube plate, on these coatings. 2. Générateur de vapeur selon 1, où les manchettes possèdent une extrémité dépassante 918 côté du circuit secondaire, et où les tubes 903 de l'échangeur y sont raboutés par soudage, par l'intérieur de la manchette.2. Steam generator according to 1, where the sleeves have a protruding end 918 on the side of the secondary circuit, and where the tubes 903 of the exchanger are butt welded therein, from the inside of the sleeve. 3. Générateur de vapeur selon 2, où les manchettes 915 ont un épaulement cylindrique 917 ou conique 916 venant se loger dans un appui femelle correspondant usiné dans le revètement de la plaque tubulaire exposé au circuit secondaire.3. Steam generator according to 2, where the sleeves 915 have a cylindrical shoulder 917 or conical 916 which is housed in a corresponding female support machined in the coating of the tube plate exposed to the secondary circuit. 4. Plaque tubulaire d'un générateur de vapeur selon 1, où les soudures 921 et 924 des manchettes sont réalisées par un faisceau d'électrons.4. Tubular plate of a steam generator according to 1, where the welds 921 and 924 of the sleeves are produced by an electron beam. 5. Générateur de vapeur selon 3, où une bague intercalaire est introduite dans un logement usiné dans le revètement de la face "primaire", et où l'assemblage entre la manchette et la plaque tubulaire implique une double soudure: l'une entre la plaque et la bague, l'autre entre la bague et le revètement.5. Steam generator according to 3, where an intermediate ring is introduced into a housing machined in the coating of the "primary" face, and where the assembly between the sleeve and the tube plate involves a double weld: one between the plate and the ring, the other between the ring and the coating. 6. Générateur de vapeur selon 1, où les soudures des manchettes sont détensionnées par un procédé mécanique: a) soit par une expansion mécanique de la manchette, limitée à la zone située au droit des cordons de soudage 921 et 924. 6. Steam generator according to 1, where the welds of the sleeves are tensioned by a mechanical process: a) either by a mechanical expansion of the sleeve, limited to the zone located at the right of the weld beads 921 and 924. b) soit par martelage, grenaillage, ou sablage de la surface des cordons de soudage sur les faces de la plaque tubulaire.b) either by hammering, shot blasting, or sandblasting the surface of the weld beads on the faces of the tube plate. 7. Procédé de soudage interne de raboutage selon 2, où une protection par gaz neutre est crée localement à l'envers de la soudure par une chambre souple 930 mise en place au moyen d'un dispositif 934 se déplaçant sur les tubes. 7. Internal welding method of splicing according to 2, where a neutral gas protection is created locally behind the weld by a flexible chamber 930 implemented by means of a device 934 moving on the tubes. 8. Corps de genérateur de vapeur selon 2, permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé de raboutage selon 7, où deux trous d'accès 936 et 937 sont ménagés en vis à vis sur un diamètre, trous dont les axes sont parallèles aux plans des tubes en U 8. Body of steam generator according to 2, allowing the implementation of the joining process according to 7, where two access holes 936 and 937 are arranged opposite each other on a diameter, holes whose axes are parallel to the planes of U-tubes
FR8503620A 1985-03-12 1985-03-12 Improvement to steam generators of nuclear reactors Withdrawn FR2578957A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0308729A1 (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and arrangement for creating a partial protective gas atmosphere
EP2205903A2 (en) * 2007-10-01 2010-07-14 Riley Power, Inc. Municipal solid waste fuel steam generator with waterwall furnace platens
CN102233472A (en) * 2010-04-22 2011-11-09 上海华谊集团装备工程有限公司 Process for positioning and welding reaction tube and tube plates in large-scale tubular reactor

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CH381341A (en) * 1961-05-19 1964-08-31 Foster Wheeler Ltd Gun for gas shielded internal arc welding from tube to plate
GB1043185A (en) * 1962-07-05 1966-09-21 Superheater Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers
US3608173A (en) * 1968-11-19 1971-09-28 Gulf Energy & Environ Systems Method for securing a tube in a tubesheet
FR2133518A1 (en) * 1971-04-16 1972-12-01 Babcock Atlantique Sa Heat exchanger tube plate - with corrosion resistant facing retained without welding to plate
GB1449674A (en) * 1973-03-24 1976-09-15 Clarke Chapman
GB2042117A (en) * 1979-01-19 1980-09-17 Sterling Drug Inc Corosion resistant joint assembly
GB1582926A (en) * 1977-03-09 1981-01-14 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Prestressed cast-iron pressure vessel fitted with an internal steel lining and a tube extending through the wall of the vessel and the liner
EP0084867A1 (en) * 1982-01-25 1983-08-03 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Tube lane manipulator for the high pressure removal of sludge from heat exchangers
US4423890A (en) * 1980-12-08 1984-01-03 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Welded tube to wall junction
EP0131840A1 (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-23 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société anonyme dite: Welding method for assembling a ferritic stainless steel pipe to a non alloyed carbon steel tube plate

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH219733A (en) * 1940-09-18 1942-02-28 Rosenblads Patenter Ab Connection of a pipe to a wall with the pipe end drawn in through the wall.
CH381341A (en) * 1961-05-19 1964-08-31 Foster Wheeler Ltd Gun for gas shielded internal arc welding from tube to plate
GB1043185A (en) * 1962-07-05 1966-09-21 Superheater Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to heat exchangers
US3608173A (en) * 1968-11-19 1971-09-28 Gulf Energy & Environ Systems Method for securing a tube in a tubesheet
FR2133518A1 (en) * 1971-04-16 1972-12-01 Babcock Atlantique Sa Heat exchanger tube plate - with corrosion resistant facing retained without welding to plate
GB1449674A (en) * 1973-03-24 1976-09-15 Clarke Chapman
GB1582926A (en) * 1977-03-09 1981-01-14 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Prestressed cast-iron pressure vessel fitted with an internal steel lining and a tube extending through the wall of the vessel and the liner
GB2042117A (en) * 1979-01-19 1980-09-17 Sterling Drug Inc Corosion resistant joint assembly
US4423890A (en) * 1980-12-08 1984-01-03 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Welded tube to wall junction
EP0084867A1 (en) * 1982-01-25 1983-08-03 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Tube lane manipulator for the high pressure removal of sludge from heat exchangers
EP0131840A1 (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-01-23 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société anonyme dite: Welding method for assembling a ferritic stainless steel pipe to a non alloyed carbon steel tube plate

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0308729A1 (en) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Process and arrangement for creating a partial protective gas atmosphere
US4912293A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-03-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft method and apparatus for forming a partial protective-gas atmosphere
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