FR2558574A1 - Improvements made to thermoelectric installations with thermo-elements interposed between hot and cold ducts. - Google Patents
Improvements made to thermoelectric installations with thermo-elements interposed between hot and cold ducts. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2558574A1 FR2558574A1 FR8401136A FR8401136A FR2558574A1 FR 2558574 A1 FR2558574 A1 FR 2558574A1 FR 8401136 A FR8401136 A FR 8401136A FR 8401136 A FR8401136 A FR 8401136A FR 2558574 A1 FR2558574 A1 FR 2558574A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- hot
- cold
- thermoelectric
- cylindrical
- constituted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0042—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater characterised by the application of thermo-electric units or the Peltier effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/13—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the heat-exchanging means at the junction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/10—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects
- H10N10/17—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects operating with only the Peltier or Seebeck effects characterised by the structure or configuration of the cell or thermocouple forming the device
Abstract
Description
Perfectionnements apportés aux installations thermo-électri quels à thermo-éléments interposés entre des conduits chauds et froids
L'invention est relative aux installations thermoélectriques (installations de climatisation ou installa tions génératrices de courant électrique) comportant des conduits chauds dans lesquels circule un fluide chaud, et des conduits froids dans lesquels circule un fluide froid, ainsi qu'une pluralité d'éléments thermo-électriques, constitués chacun par plusieurs thermo-éléments ou par un seul thermo-élément.Improvements to thermoelectric installations with thermoelements interposed between hot and cold conduits
The invention relates to thermoelectric installations (air conditioning installations or installations generating electric current) comprising hot conduits in which a hot fluid circulates, and cold conduits in which circulates a cold fluid, as well as a plurality of elements thermoelectric, each consisting of several thermo-elements or by a single thermo-element.
Des moyens électriques assurent le passage d'un courant électrique continu dans les éléments thermoélectriques, ces moyens comportant un générateur de courant continu s'il s'agit d'une installation de climatisation, ou un récepteur de courant continu s'il s'agit d'une installation génératrice de courant électrique. Electrical means ensure the passage of a direct electric current in the thermoelectric elements, these means comprising a direct current generator if it is an air conditioning system, or a direct current receiver if it is of an installation generating electric current.
Ces éléments thermo-électriques peuvent être constitués, - soit par des thermo-éléments uniques en contact avec des échangeurs de chaleur (directement ou indirectement en contact thermique avec les conduits chauds ou froids) qui sont donc parcourus par le courant électrique, - soit par des séries de thermo-éléments de petites dimensions reliés électriquement entre eux et isolés par rapport aux échangeurs de chaleur (par une plaque conductrice de la chaleur, généralement en céramique), et appelés "modules", les échangeurs de chaleur n'étant alors pas parcourus par le courant électrique. These thermoelectric elements can be constituted, - either by single thermoelements in contact with heat exchangers (directly or indirectly in thermal contact with hot or cold conduits) which are therefore traversed by the electric current, - or by series of small thermo-elements electrically connected to each other and insulated from heat exchangers (by a heat conducting plate, generally made of ceramic), and called "modules", the heat exchangers then not being traversed by electric current.
Dans de telles installations, il est connu de prévoir, d'une part, un contact mobile chaud, à portée cylindrique, interposé entre chaque élément thermo-électrique et le conduit chaud, et, d'autre part, un contact mobile froid, à portée cylindrique, interposé entre chaque élément thermo-électrique et le conduit froid. In such installations, it is known to provide, on the one hand, a hot mobile contact, with cylindrical reach, interposed between each thermoelectric element and the hot duct, and, on the other hand, a cold mobile contact, cylindrical bearing, interposed between each thermoelectric element and the cold pipe.
Dans des installations de ce type, les éléments th#ermo-électriques sont relativement fragiles car ils comportent, sur leurs faces, une plaque, généralement en céramique, qui est un bon isolant électrique tout en présentant un coefficient de transmission thermique acceptable. C'est cette plaque de céramique qui risque d'être endommagée lors du montage de l'installation, notamment en raison des défauts constructifs angulaires inévitables. Par ailleurs, les thermo-éléments euxmêmes sont très sensibles aux efforts de cisaillement, et il faut donc permettre des déplacements relatifs, dans le sens axial, des pièces coopérant avec les portées cylindriques des contacts mobiles chauds et froids. In installations of this type, th # ermo-electric elements are relatively fragile because they comprise, on their faces, a plate, generally made of ceramic, which is a good electrical insulator while having an acceptable coefficient of thermal transmission. It is this ceramic plate which risks being damaged during installation of the installation, in particular due to the inevitable angular structural defects. Furthermore, the thermo-elements themselves are very sensitive to shearing forces, and it is therefore necessary to allow relative displacements, in the axial direction, of the parts cooperating with the cylindrical surfaces of the hot and cold movable contacts.
Selon l'invention, les portées cylindriques respectives des contacts mobiles chauds et froids sont orientées orthogonalement l'une par rapport à l'autre. According to the invention, the respective cylindrical surfaces of the hot and cold movable contacts are oriented orthogonally to one another.
Dans ces conditions, le joint de cardan constitué par chaque élément thermo-électrique entouré de ses deux contacts mobiles à portées cylindriques orthogonales permet de rattraper les défauts constructifs angulaires de l'installation, tout en permettant un déplacement relatif (déplacement relatif dû aux dilatations différentielles des conduits chauds et froids), dans le sens axial, des pièces coopérant avec les portées cylindriques des contacts mobiles chauds et froids. Under these conditions, the universal joint formed by each thermoelectric element surrounded by its two movable contacts with orthogonal cylindrical surfaces makes it possible to compensate for the angular constructive defects of the installation, while allowing relative displacement (relative displacement due to differential expansions hot and cold conduits), in the axial direction, of the parts cooperating with the cylindrical surfaces of the hot and cold movable contacts.
L'invention consiste, mise à part cette disposition, en certaines autres dispositions qui s'utilisent de préférence en même temps et dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après. The invention consists, apart from this arrangement, in certain other arrangements which are preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly discussed below.
L'invention pourra, de toute façon, être bien comprise à l'aide du complément de description qui suit, ainsi que des dessins ci-annexés, lesquels complément et dessins sont relatifs à un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention et ne comportent, bien entendu, aucun caractère limitatif. The invention may, in any case, be well understood with the aid of the additional description which follows, as well as of the appended drawings, which supplement and drawings relate to a preferred embodiment of the invention and do not include , of course, no limiting character.
La fig. 1, de ces devins, est une vue en perspective éclatée illustrant schématiquement une installation thermoélectrique établie conformément à l'invention. Fig. 1, of these soothsayers, is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a thermoelectric installation established in accordance with the invention.
La fig. 2 montre, dans les mêmes conditions, une variante de cette installation. Fig. 2 shows, under the same conditions, a variant of this installation.
La fig. 3 est une vue en perspective schématique montrant un mode de construction d'une installation thermo-électrique conforme à l'invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing a mode of construction of a thermoelectric installation according to the invention.
L'installation thermo-électrique décrite en se référant aux figures 1 à 3 est une installation de cli matisation dans laquelle on se propose de refroidir de l'air (fluide froid) en transférant les calories de cet air vers de l'eau (fluide chaud). The thermoelectric installation described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 is an air conditioning installation in which it is proposed to cool air (cold fluid) by transferring the calories of this air to water (fluid hot).
L'installation comporte donc des conduits chauds 1 dans lesquels circule l'eau, ces conduits étant constitués par des tubes, et des conduits froids 2 dans lesquels circule 15air, ces conduits étant constitués par des échangeurs à ailettes. The installation therefore comprises hot conduits 1 in which the water circulates, these conduits being constituted by tubes, and cold conduits 2 in which circulates air, these conduits being constituted by fin exchangers.
L'installation comporte également des éléments thermo-électriques 3 (constitués chacun de plusieurs thermoéléments) dans lesquels circulent un courant continu délivré par une génératrice de curant continu G (fig. 3). The installation also includes thermoelectric elements 3 (each consisting of several thermoelements) in which a direct current circulates delivered by a generator of continuous curant G (fig. 3).
Ceci étant, on prévoit, d'une part, un contact mobile chaud 4 à portée cylindrique 4a interposé entre chaque élément thermo-électrique 3 et le conduit chaud 1, et, d'autre part, un contact mobile froid 5 à portée cylindrique 5a interposé entre chaque élément thermoélectrique 3 et le conduit froid 2. This being so, provision is made, on the one hand, for a hot mobile contact 4 with a cylindrical bearing 4a interposed between each thermoelectric element 3 and the hot duct 1, and, on the other hand, for a cold moving contact 5 with cylindrical bearing 5a interposed between each thermoelectric element 3 and the cold pipe 2.
Les portées cylindriques 4a et 5a respectives des contacts mobiles chaud 4 et froid 5 sont orientées orthogonalement l'une par rapport à l'autre. The respective cylindrical surfaces 4a and 5a of the hot 4 and cold 5 movable contacts are oriented orthogonally to one another.
Dans l'installation montrée sur la fig. 1, les contacts mobiles chauds 4 et les contacts mobiles froids 5 coopèrent avec les conduits chauds 1 et froids 2 correspondants au moyen de pièces intermédiaires 6, 7 adaptées à la géométrie du conduit chaud ou froid 1, 2 considéré
Le conduit chaud 1 étant constitué par un tube, la pièce intermédiaire 6 correspondante est constituée par un manchon entourant le tube et présentant une portée cylindrique 6a de forme complémentaire à la portée cylindrique 4a du contact mobile chaud 4. In the installation shown in fig. 1, the hot moving contacts 4 and the cold moving contacts 5 cooperate with the corresponding hot 1 and cold 2 conduits by means of intermediate parts 6, 7 adapted to the geometry of the hot or cold conduit 1, 2 considered
The hot duct 1 being constituted by a tube, the corresponding intermediate part 6 is constituted by a sleeve surrounding the tube and having a cylindrical surface 6a of shape complementary to the cylindrical surface 4a of the hot movable contact 4.
Lorsque l'élément thermo-électrique 3 est constitué par un thermo-élément unique, le manchon est parcouru par le courant électrique, et le tube chaud 1 doit être en matériau isolant ou être protégé par un isolant interposé entre tube et manchon. When the thermoelectric element 3 is constituted by a single thermoelement, the sleeve is traversed by the electric current, and the hot tube 1 must be made of insulating material or be protected by an insulator interposed between tube and sleeve.
Le conduit froid 2 étant constitué par ou comprenant un échangeur à ailettes, la pièce intermédiaire 7 correspondante est constituée par une platine coopérant thermi quement avec les ailettes de l'échangeur et présentant une portée cylindrique 7a de forme complémentaire à la portée cylindrique 5a du contact mobile froid 5. The cold duct 2 being constituted by or comprising a fin exchanger, the corresponding intermediate part 7 is constituted by a plate cooperating thermally with the fins of the exchanger and having a cylindrical bearing 7a of shape complementary to the cylindrical bearing 5a of the contact cold mobile 5.
Si l'on se réfère à la fig. 3, sur laquelle les mêmes chiffres de référence désignent les mimes organes que sur la fig. 1, le mode de construction adopté permet un d6- calage entre le conduit froid 2, constitué par l'échangeur de chaleur, et le conduit chaud 1 constitué par le tube selon ce mode de construction, la platine constituant la pièce intermédiaire 7 s'étend en dehors du volume de l'échangeur, ce qui permet de donner à celui-ci des dimensions plus importantes augmentant son efficacité. If we refer to fig. 3, in which the same reference numerals designate the same bodies as in FIG. 1, the construction method adopted allows a shift between the cold pipe 2, constituted by the heat exchanger, and the hot pipe 1 constituted by the tube according to this construction method, the plate constituting the intermediate piece 7 s' extends outside the volume of the exchanger, which makes it possible to give it larger dimensions increasing its efficiency.
Dans l'installation montrée sur la fig. 2, le conduit chaud 1 est constitué par un tube de section droite circulaire et le contact mobile chaud 4 correspondant présente une portée cylindrique 4a coopérant directement avec le susdit tube. In the installation shown in fig. 2, the hot duct 1 is constituted by a tube of circular cross section and the corresponding hot mobile contact 4 has a cylindrical surface 4a cooperating directly with the above tube.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8401136A FR2558574B1 (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS WITH THERMOELEMENTS INTERPOSED BETWEEN HOT AND COLD CONDUITS |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8401136A FR2558574B1 (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS WITH THERMOELEMENTS INTERPOSED BETWEEN HOT AND COLD CONDUITS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
FR2558574A1 true FR2558574A1 (en) | 1985-07-26 |
FR2558574B1 FR2558574B1 (en) | 1986-06-13 |
Family
ID=9300462
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
FR8401136A Expired FR2558574B1 (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | IMPROVEMENTS IN THERMOELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS WITH THERMOELEMENTS INTERPOSED BETWEEN HOT AND COLD CONDUITS |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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FR (1) | FR2558574B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2647598A1 (en) * | 1989-05-25 | 1990-11-30 | Tunzini Nessi Entr Equipements | Thermoelectric device operating between two fluid flows, one gaseous and the other liquid |
WO1997005432A1 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-13 | Bernhard Harter | Semiconductor-type compact thermal apparatus |
DE102008021697A1 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | Micropelt Gmbh | Device for generating electrical energy, particularly for heating device, has thermogenerator and mounting unit which is formed for thermogenerator at line |
DE102010014936A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | D & K Solar Gmbh | Use of sliding carriage for peltier elements in modular structured thermal generator utilized for producing current using heat exchanger profiles, and profile pieces that are firmly connected with peltier element by connectors |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1330745A (en) * | 1962-03-10 | 1963-06-28 | Miniature refrigerators supplied with electric current by the use of the peltier effect | |
FR1430425A (en) * | 1964-02-10 | 1966-03-04 | thermoelectric element and assembly comprising application | |
US3270513A (en) * | 1965-06-21 | 1966-09-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Thermoelectric water cooler |
FR1481672A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1967-05-19 | Thermoelectric assembly | |
FR2316557A1 (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1977-01-28 | Air Ind | Thermoelectric equipment heat exchanger - has elements each with two rigid walls enclosing heat exchange surfaces |
FR2322459A1 (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1977-03-25 | Air Ind | Thermocouple module for power generation or temp. control - has disc shaped thermocouple mounted directly on heat exchanger wall |
FR2481786A1 (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-11-06 | Buffet Jean | Thermoelectric pump heat exchange sleeve - surrounds pipe containing working fluid and has built in expansion bellows with thermoelectric elements connected to it |
-
1984
- 1984-01-25 FR FR8401136A patent/FR2558574B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1330745A (en) * | 1962-03-10 | 1963-06-28 | Miniature refrigerators supplied with electric current by the use of the peltier effect | |
FR1430425A (en) * | 1964-02-10 | 1966-03-04 | thermoelectric element and assembly comprising application | |
FR1481672A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1967-05-19 | Thermoelectric assembly | |
US3270513A (en) * | 1965-06-21 | 1966-09-06 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Thermoelectric water cooler |
FR2316557A1 (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1977-01-28 | Air Ind | Thermoelectric equipment heat exchanger - has elements each with two rigid walls enclosing heat exchange surfaces |
FR2322459A1 (en) * | 1975-08-25 | 1977-03-25 | Air Ind | Thermocouple module for power generation or temp. control - has disc shaped thermocouple mounted directly on heat exchanger wall |
FR2481786A1 (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-11-06 | Buffet Jean | Thermoelectric pump heat exchange sleeve - surrounds pipe containing working fluid and has built in expansion bellows with thermoelectric elements connected to it |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2647598A1 (en) * | 1989-05-25 | 1990-11-30 | Tunzini Nessi Entr Equipements | Thermoelectric device operating between two fluid flows, one gaseous and the other liquid |
WO1997005432A1 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1997-02-13 | Bernhard Harter | Semiconductor-type compact thermal apparatus |
DE102008021697A1 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2009-11-05 | Micropelt Gmbh | Device for generating electrical energy, particularly for heating device, has thermogenerator and mounting unit which is formed for thermogenerator at line |
DE102008021697B4 (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2011-07-21 | Micropelt GmbH, 79110 | Device for generating electrical energy and use of such a device |
DE102010014936A1 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2011-10-20 | D & K Solar Gmbh | Use of sliding carriage for peltier elements in modular structured thermal generator utilized for producing current using heat exchanger profiles, and profile pieces that are firmly connected with peltier element by connectors |
DE102010014936B4 (en) * | 2010-04-14 | 2013-08-01 | D & K Solar Gmbh | Sliding carriage for Peltier elements and its use in a modular thermogenerator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2558574B1 (en) | 1986-06-13 |
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