FR2553423A1 - Polyvinyl alcohol film with delayed aqueous dissolution, process for its manufacture and its applications. - Google Patents

Polyvinyl alcohol film with delayed aqueous dissolution, process for its manufacture and its applications. Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2553423A1
FR2553423A1 FR8316223A FR8316223A FR2553423A1 FR 2553423 A1 FR2553423 A1 FR 2553423A1 FR 8316223 A FR8316223 A FR 8316223A FR 8316223 A FR8316223 A FR 8316223A FR 2553423 A1 FR2553423 A1 FR 2553423A1
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Prior art keywords
polyvinyl alcohol
alcohol film
aqueous
mixture
resin
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Granted
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FR8316223A
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French (fr)
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FR2553423B1 (en
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Naude-Filonniere
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NEGOCE DISTRIBUTION
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NEGOCE DISTRIBUTION
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Priority to FR8316223A priority Critical patent/FR2553423B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
    • C08F8/12—Hydrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids

Abstract

Polyvinyl alcohol film with delayed aqueous dissolution, obtained from saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin. According to the invention this film is characterised in that its thickness is chosen between 30 and 100 mu and in that the base polyvinyl alcohol resin contains a proportion of between 0.2 and 0.7 % by weight of unsaponified residual vinyl acetate.

Description

La présente invention concerne un film d'alcool polyvinylique à dissolution aqueuse retardée, son procédé de fabrication et ses applications.The present invention relates to a polyvinyl alcohol film with delayed aqueous dissolution, its manufacturing process and its applications.

On sait que les films d'alcool polyvinylique sont obtenus, à partir de granulés de résine d'alcool polyvinylique, eux-mêmes obtenus par polymérisation, dissolution aqueuse, DUiS saponification de l'acétate de vinyl produit par action de l'acide acétique sur l'acétylène. Ces granulés sont ensuite dissous dans de l'eau, chauffés et additionnds de divers composants et le mélange aqueux obtenu est conformé en film, par exemple par calandrage ou extrusionsoufflage.It is known that polyvinyl alcohol films are obtained from polyvinyl alcohol resin granules, themselves obtained by polymerization, aqueous dissolution, DUiS saponification of vinyl acetate produced by the action of acetic acid on acetylene. These granules are then dissolved in water, heated and added with various components and the aqueous mixture obtained is formed into a film, for example by calendering or extrusion blowing.

D'une manière générale, les films d'alcool polyvinylique sont solubles dans l'eau et l'on sait, au moyen de traitements thermiques ou chimiques par exemple, ajuster la solubilité d'un film d'alcool polyvinylique en fonction de la température de l'eau dans laquelle ledit film est plongé.In general, polyvinyl alcohol films are soluble in water and it is known, by means of thermal or chemical treatments for example, to adjust the solubility of a polyvinyl alcohol film as a function of the temperature. water in which said film is immersed.

L'objet de la présente invention est de réaliser un film d'alcool polyvinylique dont la dissolution aqueuse, au lieu d'etre pratiquement instantanée comme pour les films connus, soit retardée dans le temps de quelques mois ; le film selon l'invention oout alors être utills, entre autres applications, pour la réalisation des linceuls décrits dans la demande de hrevet français n0 82 17063 du 12 Octobre 1982.The object of the present invention is to produce a polyvinyl alcohol film, the aqueous dissolution of which, instead of being practically instantaneous as for known films, is delayed in time by a few months; the film according to the invention or then be used, among other applications, for the production of the shrouds described in the French hrevet application No. 82 17063 of October 12, 1982.

A cette fin, selon l!invention, le film d'alcool polyvi- nylique à dissolution aqueuse retardée, obtenu à partir de résine d'alcool polyvinylique saponifiée, est remarquable en ce que son épaisseur est choisie entre 30 et 100 iim et en ce que la résine d'alcool polyvinvlimle de base contient une proportion en poids d'acétate de vinyl résiduel, non saponifié, comprise entre 0,2 et 0,7 *. To this end, according to the invention, the polyvinyl alcohol film with delayed aqueous dissolution, obtained from saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin, is remarkable in that its thickness is chosen between 30 and 100 µm and in that the basic polyvinyl alcohol resin contains a proportion by weight of residual vinyl acetate, not saponified, of between 0.2 and 0.7 *.

En effet, on a trouvé que l'on pouvait agir sur la durée de la dissolution d'un film d-'alcool polyvinylique en jouant sur la proportion d'acétate de vinyl résiduel non saponifié. En conséquence, en ajustant cette proportion d'acétate de vinyl résiduel en fonction de l'Qpaissmt du film, il est possible de retarder le début apparent de la dissolution aqueuse.In fact, it has been found that one could act on the duration of the dissolution of a polyvinyl alcohol film by varying the proportion of non-saponified residual vinyl acetate. Consequently, by adjusting this proportion of residual vinyl acetate as a function of the thickness of the film, it is possible to delay the apparent onset of aqueous dissolution.

Bien entendu, le film d'alcool polyvinylique selon l'invention peut être utilisé pour toutes les applications pour lesquelles on a besoin d'un film & dissolution retardée. Toutefois, comme mentionné ci-dessus, le film conforme à l'invention est particulièrement approprié à être utilisé pour réaliser des linceuls, des housses mortuaires, des cuvettes de cercueil, etc... devant présenter une grande résistance mécanique pendant dizaines de jours suivant leur mise en contact avec le corps d'un être mort et correspondant aux manipulations et à la présentation dudit corps avant son ensevelissement, mais entièrement biodégradable après plusieurs mois de contact, c'est-à-dire après ensevelissement.Of course, the polyvinyl alcohol film according to the invention can be used for all the applications for which a film & delayed dissolution are needed. However, as mentioned above, the film according to the invention is particularly suitable for being used to make shrouds, body covers, coffin bowls, etc., which must have great mechanical resistance for tens of days following bringing them into contact with the body of a dead being and corresponding to the handling and presentation of said body before being buried, but entirely biodegradable after several months of contact, that is to say after burial.

Le film d'alcool polyvinylique selon l'invention peut être obtenu, de façon connue, par extrusion-soufflage ou par calandrage. Toutefois, il semble préférable d'utiliser la méthode du calandrage (coulée continue).The polyvinyl alcohol film according to the invention can be obtained, in a known manner, by extrusion blow molding or by calendering. However, it seems preferable to use the calendering method (continuous casting).

Pour permettre une bonne coulée ou extrusion du mélange de base de résine d'alcool polyvinylique, il est avantageux d'incorporer à ce mélange de base un plastifiant du type de la glycérine.To allow a good casting or extrusion of the base mixture of polyvinyl alcohol resin, it is advantageous to incorporate into this base mixture a plasticizer of the glycerin type.

Lorsque le film obtenu soit par calandrage, soit par extrusion-soufflage, est enroulé en continu en bobine, il est intéressant d'incorporer dans la masse du mélange de base, un agent anti-adhorence tel que des stéarates métalliques et/ou des polyols éthôxylés, afin d'éviter que les différentes spires de la bobine collent les unes aux autres. When the film obtained either by calendering or by extrusion blow molding is continuously wound on a reel, it is advantageous to incorporate into the mass of the basic mixture, an anti-sticking agent such as metal stearates and / or polyols ethoxylated, in order to prevent the different turns of the coil from sticking to each other.

On pourrait également effectuer, au niveau du bobinage, une nrojection d'amidon ou d'un corps semblable pour obtenir un résultat analogue.One could also perform, at the winding, a nrojection of starch or a similar body to obtain a similar result.

De préférence, avant élimination de l'eau servant à la dissolution aqueuse, la composition en poids du film d'alcool polyvinylique selon l'invention est approximativement la suivante - Résine d'alcool polyvinylique (présentant une proportion d'acétate de vinyl résiduel de 0,2 a 0,7 %) : de 45 à 60 % - Plastifiant : de S à 20 % - Agents anti-adhérence de 0,05 a 0,2 % - Eau : quantité suffisante pour la dissolution aqueuse de la résine.Preferably, before removal of the water used for aqueous dissolution, the composition by weight of the polyvinyl alcohol film according to the invention is approximately as follows - Polyvinyl alcohol resin (having a proportion of residual vinyl acetate of 0.2 to 0.7%): from 45 to 60% - Plasticizer: from S to 20% - Anti-adhesion agents from 0.05 to 0.2% - Water: sufficient quantity for the aqueous dissolution of the resin.

Afin de rendre le film obtenu opaque, on peut y ajouter des opacifiants, tels que le dioxyde de titane et le carbonate de calcium, dans une proportion pondérale comprise entre 10 et 25 %. On remarquera qu'un tel opacifiant joue indirectement le rôle de retardateur de dissolution aqueuse, puisqu'il influe sur la quantité initiale d'eau nécessaire.à la dissolution aqueuse de la résine.In order to make the film obtained opaque, opacifiers can be added thereto, such as titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate, in a proportion by weight of between 10 and 25%. It will be noted that such an opacifier indirectly plays the role of retarder of aqueous dissolution, since it influences the initial quantity of water required for the aqueous dissolution of the resin.

Ainsi, pour obtenir un film selon l'invention, on met en oeuvre un procédé dans lequel on utilise une résine d'alcool polyvinylique dont la saponification dé l'acétate de vinyl est telle que la proportion en poids d'acétate de vinyl résiduel non saponifié, est comprise entre 0,2 % et 0,7 % et on réalise un film dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 30 et 100 p. Thus, to obtain a film according to the invention, a process is used in which a polyvinyl alcohol resin is used, the saponification of vinyl acetate is such that the proportion by weight of non-residual vinyl acetate saponified, is between 0.2% and 0.7% and a film is produced whose thickness is between 30 and 100 p.

De plus, il est avantageux que le mélange de base initial, à partir duquel sera fabriqué ce film, contienne approximativement : - Résine d'alcool polyvinylique : de 45à 60 % - Plastifiant de 5 a 25 % - Agents anti-adhérence de 0,05 à 0,2 % - Eau : quantité suffisante pour la dissolution aqueuse
de la résine.In addition, it is advantageous that the initial base mixture, from which this film will be made, contains approximately: - Polyvinyl alcohol resin: from 45 to 60% - Plasticizer from 5 to 25% - Anti-adhesion agents from 0, 05 to 0.2% - Water: sufficient quantity for aqueous dissolution
resin.

De préférence, le procédé de fabrication du film d'alcool polyvinylique conforme à la présente invention est du type dit "par calandrage1, selon lequel on mélange en continu tous les composants, y compris l'eau et on chauffe le mélange aqueux, puis on épand ledit mélange sur une calandre ot il est chauffé en vue de son épandage et de l'évaporation de l'eau.Preferably, the process for manufacturing the polyvinyl alcohol film in accordance with the present invention is of the so-called "calendering" type 1, according to which all the components, including water, are continuously mixed and the aqueous mixture is heated, then spreading said mixture on a calender ot it is heated for spreading and evaporation of water.

Selon l'invention, avant épandage sur la calandre, le mélange aqueux est chauffé à une température comprise entre 80 et 95 C. En effet, on a remarqué que la température à laquelle le mélange était épandu sur la calandre avait également une influence sur la solubilité aqueuse du film obtenu. La gamme comprise.sntr 80 et 950C est particulièrement favorable pour le résultat à obtenir.According to the invention, before spreading on the calender, the aqueous mixture is heated to a temperature between 80 and 95 C. Indeed, it has been noted that the temperature at which the mixture was spread on the calender also had an influence on the aqueous solubility of the film obtained. The range included.sntr 80 and 950C is particularly favorable for the result to be obtained.

De référence, le mélange aqueux est soumis à désaéra- tion avant épandage. For reference, the aqueous mixture is subjected to deaeration before spreading.

On décrit ci-apres un exemple de réalisation particulier.A particular embodiment is described below.

Pour fabriquer un film de 80 d'épaisseur, on-verse dans la cuve d'un mélangeur les produits suivants - 57 kg de granulés de résine d'alcool polyvinylique (ayant un taux résiduel d'acétate de vinyl égal à 0,3 %) - 14 kg de glycérine à titre de plastifiant , - 17 kg de dioxyde de titane et de carbonate de calcium à titre d'opacifiants - 0,5 kg d'acide borique à titre de stabilisant - 0,2 kg d'alkyl aryl polyether a titre d'agent mouillant - 0,15 kg de stéarates métalliques et de polyols ethoxylés a titre d'agents antradh#rence - 11,15 litres d'eau.To make an 80-thick film, the following products are poured into the blender tank - 57 kg of polyvinyl alcohol resin granules (with a residual vinyl acetate content of 0.3% ) - 14 kg of glycerin as plasticizer, - 17 kg of titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate as opacifiers - 0.5 kg of boric acid as stabilizer - 0.2 kg of alkyl aryl polyether as a wetting agent - 0.15 kg of metal stearates and ethoxylated polyols as anti-adhesion agents - 11.15 liters of water.

Le mélange aqueux est chauffé à 85 C et après dissolution complète des composants, le mélange est transmis à une cuve de désaération, puis a une calandre d'épandage réglée à l'épaisseur de 80 La calandre est chauffée pour évaporer l'eau du film et celui-ci est séché, puis enroule en bobine.The aqueous mixture is heated to 85 ° C. and after complete dissolution of the components, the mixture is transmitted to a deaeration tank, then to a spreading calender adjusted to the thickness of 80 The calender is heated to evaporate the water from the film and it is dried, then wound up in a reel.

Pour déterminer les propriétés mécaniques et physiques de ce film, on le soumet à des tests a différents taux d'humidité relative (HR) et a des.températures comprises entre 22 et 230C. To determine the mechanical and physical properties of this film, it is subjected to tests at different relative humidity (RH) and at temperatures between 22 and 230C.

Résistance à la rupture en traction (NF T 54 102) - sens longitudinal N/mm2 39 - 49 - sens transversal N/mm2 35 - 43
Allongement à la rupture en traction (NF T 54 102) - sens longitudinal % 156 - 171 - sens transversal % 180 - 200 perméabilité à la vapeur d'eau g/dm2/24h/25 microns
a) 18 a) 230C/100$ à 0% IL
b) 5 b) 230C/50 % à 75% IL
c) 0,08 c) 230C/50 % à 0% IL IL humidités relatives sur les faces du film.Tensile strength (NF T 54 102) - longitudinal direction N / mm2 39 - 49 - transverse direction N / mm2 35 - 43
Elongation at break in tension (NF T 54 102) - longitudinal direction% 156 - 171 - transverse direction% 180 - 200 permeability to water vapor g / dm2 / 24h / 25 microns
a) 18 a) 230C / $ 100 at 0% EV
b) 5 b) 230C / 50% to 75% IL
c) 0.08 c) 230C / 50% to 0% IL IL relative humidity on the faces of the film.

Odeur très faible odeur acétique
Perméabilité aux gaz cc/dm2/24h
0% HR - 230C à 60C 50% HR - 230C 75% HR - 230C
Oxygène 0,08 0,30
Dioxyde de carbone - - 6
Azote
Hydrogène
Helium - - 5
Hygroscopicité Pourcentage rourcentaqe en sain
humidité relative ou perte de poids
0 -6
35 1
55 4
80 10
99 33 conditions du test : 96 heures à 320C en atmosphère saturée.Very weak odor, acetic odor
Gas permeability cc / dm2 / 24h
0% RH - 230C to 60C 50% RH - 230C 75% RH - 230C
Oxygen 0.08 0.30
Carbon dioxide - - 6
Nitrogen
Hydrogen
Helium - - 5
Hygroscopicity Percentage healthy
relative humidity or weight loss
0 -6
35 1
55 4
80 10
99 33 test conditions: 96 hours at 320C in saturated atmosphere.

Par ailleurs, avec ce film, on forme des sacs, dans lesquels sont enfermés des cadavres d'animaux.In addition, with this film, bags are formed, in which dead animals are enclosed.

Les sacs et leur contenu sont ensevelis en terre et des vérifications périodiques ont montré que la résistance mécanique de la matière desdits sacs restait satisfaisante pendant 30 à 60 jours et que ceux-ci disparaissaient progressivement à partir de 180 jours, pour disparaître com plètement après 260 jours. The bags and their contents are buried in the ground and periodic checks have shown that the mechanical resistance of the material of the said bags remained satisfactory for 30 to 60 days and that these disappeared progressively from 180 days, to disappear completely after 260 days.

Claims (10)

REVENDICATIONS 1 - Film d'alcool polyvinylique à dissolution aqueuse retardée, obtenu à partir de résine alcool polyvinylique, saponifiée, caractérisé en ce que son épaisseur est choisie entre 30 et 100 li et en ce que la résine d'alcool polyvinylique de base contient une proportion en poids d'acétate de vinyl résiduel, non saponifié, comprise entre-0,2 et 0,7%.1 - Polyvinyl alcohol film with delayed aqueous dissolution, obtained from saponified polyvinyl alcohol resin, characterized in that its thickness is chosen between 30 and 100 μl and in that the basic polyvinyl alcohol resin contains a proportion by weight of residual vinyl acetate, not saponified, of between 0.2 and 0.7%. 2 - Film d'alcool polyvinylique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte de la glycérine ou un corps analogue à titre de plastifiant.2 - Polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises glycerin or a similar body as a plasticizer. 3 - Film d'alcool polyvinylique selon la revendication X, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte dans sa masse au moins un agent anti-adhérence.3 - Polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim X, characterized in that it comprises in its mass at least one anti-adhesion agent. 4 - Film d'alcool polyvinylique selon les revendications 2 et 3, caractérisé en ce que, avant élimination de l'eau servant à la dissolution aqueuse, sa composition en poids est approximativement la suivante - Résine d'alcool polyvinylique : de 45 à 60 % - Plastifiant : de 5 a 20 % - Agents anti-adherence : de 0,05 a 0,2 % - Eau : quantité suffisante pour la dissolution aqueuse4 - Polyvinyl alcohol film according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that, before elimination of the water used for aqueous dissolution, its composition by weight is approximately as follows - Polyvinyl alcohol resin: from 45 to 60 % - Plasticizer: from 5 to 20% - Anti-adhesion agents: from 0.05 to 0.2% - Water: sufficient quantity for aqueous dissolution de la résine. resin. 5 - Film d'alcool polyvinylique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un opacifiant dans une proportion pondérale comprise entre 10 et 25 %. 5 - Polyvinyl alcohol film according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises at least one opacifier in a weight proportion of between 10 and 25%. 6 - Procédé de fabrication d'un film selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise une résine d'alcool polyvinylique dont la saponification de l'acétate de vinyl est telle que la proportion en poids d'acétate de vinyl résiduel non saponifia est comprise entre 0,2 t et 0,7 t et en ce que l'on réalise un film dont l'épaisseur est comprise entre 30 et 100 .6 - A method of manufacturing a film according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one uses a polyvinyl alcohol resin whose saponification of vinyl acetate is such that the proportion by weight d 'non-saponified residual vinyl acetate is between 0.2 t and 0.7 t and in that a film is produced whose thickness is between 30 and 100. 7 - Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 6, caractérise en ce que l'on part d'un mélange comportant environ - Résine d'alcool polyvinylique : de 45 à 60 % - Plastifiant : de 5 à 20 % - Agents anti-adhérence : de 0,0 a 0,2 t  7 - Manufacturing process according to claim 6, characterized in that one starts from a mixture comprising approximately - Polyvinyl alcohol resin: from 45 to 60% - Plasticizer: from 5 to 20% - Anti-adhesion agents: from 0.0 to 0.2 t - Eau : quantité suffisante pour la dissolution aqueuse - Water: sufficient quantity for aqueous dissolution de la résine. resin. 8 - Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 6 8 - Manufacturing process according to claim 6 selon lequel on mélange en continu tous les composants, y compris l'eau, et on chauffe le mélange aqueux, puis on whereby all the components, including water, are continuously mixed and the aqueous mixture is heated, then épand ledit mélange sur une calandre oü il est chauffé, spread the mixture on a calender where it is heated, caractérisé en ce que ledit mélange aqueux, avant Opan-  characterized in that said aqueous mixture, before Opan- dage sur la calandre, est chauffé à une température dage on the grille, is heated to a temperature comprise entre 80 et 950C.  between 80 and 950C. 9 - Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 6, 9 - manufacturing process according to claim 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit mélange aqueux est soumis à désaération avant épandage. characterized in that said aqueous mixture is subjected to deaeration before spreading. 10 - Application du produit selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit produit est utilisé pour réaliser des linceuls, housses mortuaires, cuvettes de cercueil, etc... devant présenter une grande résis- tance mécanique pendant quelques dizaines de jours suivant leur mise en contact avec le corps d'un être mort, mais entièrement biodégradé après quelques mois de ce contact. 10 - Application of the product according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said product is used to make shrouds, mortuary covers, coffin bowls, etc. ... having to exhibit high mechanical resistance for a few tens of days following their contact with the body of a dead being, but fully biodegraded after a few months of this contact.
FR8316223A 1983-10-12 1983-10-12 DELAYED AQUEOUSLY DISSOLVED POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FILM, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF Expired FR2553423B1 (en)

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FR8316223A FR2553423B1 (en) 1983-10-12 1983-10-12 DELAYED AQUEOUSLY DISSOLVED POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FILM, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

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FR8316223A FR2553423B1 (en) 1983-10-12 1983-10-12 DELAYED AQUEOUSLY DISSOLVED POLYVINYL ALCOHOL FILM, MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF AND APPLICATIONS THEREOF

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0794215A1 (en) * 1996-03-07 1997-09-10 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polyvinyl alcohol film
FR2810396A1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-21 Zorsol Srl Cooling circuit for coffin has cooling panel in coffin which can be disconnected from external cooling circuit

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1401403A (en) * 1964-04-23 1965-06-04 Pompes Funebres Generales Flexible plastic sheets and method for obtaining them
GB1026349A (en) * 1961-10-27 1966-04-20 Kurashiki Rayon Kk Method of manufacturing thin films of polyvinyl alcohols
DE3014616A1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-22 Lehner, Herbert, 8000 München Funeral shroud for corpses - comprising upper and lower foil bag joined by sliding clasp fastener

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1026349A (en) * 1961-10-27 1966-04-20 Kurashiki Rayon Kk Method of manufacturing thin films of polyvinyl alcohols
FR1401403A (en) * 1964-04-23 1965-06-04 Pompes Funebres Generales Flexible plastic sheets and method for obtaining them
DE3014616A1 (en) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-22 Lehner, Herbert, 8000 München Funeral shroud for corpses - comprising upper and lower foil bag joined by sliding clasp fastener

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
C.A. FINCH: "Polyvinyl alcohol", 1973, J. Wiley (LONDRES, GB), page 340 *
ULLMANS-ENCYKLOP[DIE DER TECHNISHCEN CHEMIE, 4e édition, tome 19, 1980, "Polyvinylalkohol", Verlag Chemie (WEINHEIM, DE), page 378 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0794215A1 (en) * 1996-03-07 1997-09-10 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Polyvinyl alcohol film
FR2810396A1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2001-12-21 Zorsol Srl Cooling circuit for coffin has cooling panel in coffin which can be disconnected from external cooling circuit

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Publication number Publication date
FR2553423B1 (en) 1986-06-13

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