FR2524035A1 - Modular economic wooden dwelling - has non-divisible roof frames covering every two base modules - Google Patents

Abstract

A base cell has interior dimensions of 3m90 x 3m90 or 4m08 x 4m08 from centre to centre of the wooden load bearing corner columns. A single cell forms a studio type dwelling by adding a sanitary group but it can be repeated up to seven times at one level. Adding a covered space at ground level by setting the cells on pile groups gives increased variety of design. The roof on a cover frame overlaps the front and rear of the cell, covers two cells. If the number of cells is odd, a covered surface open laterally is formed.

Description

The present invention relates to a constructive system and a form of repetitive basic cell making it possible to build Economic Houses.
Modular in Wood, the constructions are intended both to serve as housing for the populations with modest incomes, and for all kinds of populations within the tourist and leisure reception areas.

In the usual systems used to build homes, we use either partial or total prefabrication, heavy or light, or the traditional mode of construction on site whatever the materials used
It is difficult to lower the cost of such constructions, the technological contribution of the processes employed only making it possible to obtain advantageous results from the economic point of view by using mechanized and costly means that are tapt in manufacture than in implementation. or skilled labor and highly specialized support. The amortization of investments or the reduction of implementation times cannot on the other hand, be competitive only when large identical series are produced.

As for traditional construction, it forces the user to call on specialists and the fairly low cost reduction can also be obtained only by large and identical series allowing the repetition of the work phases. On the other hand, the interior comfort works are numerous and call upon different specialists that are called "trades" which it is advisable to coordinate and direct with precision on each individual construction. The price of such achievements is hardly compatible with the budgets of people on low incomes or with those of organizations with a social vocation, whether for the main hospital or leisure accommodation. These systems neither allow nor carry out self-construction by people not qualified to lower the cost, or to benefit from flexibility to adapt to competitive prices
The wooden construction system which is the subject of the invention allows a flexible assembly method, ranging from self-construction to turnkey construction using local means. it also allows the multiplication of identical cells intended to form the different types of housing. Finally it gives the possibility of modulating the living area of a dwelling inside a preconstructed envelope.

 It makes it possible to build wooden dwellings on site, the parts of which are cut locally in a mechanically equipped sawmill and the purchase of additional supplies made easily according to local resources.

The floor on the ground can be in wood or in reinforced concrete (variant), the covering in wooden shingles or in galvanized sheet (variant). Exterior walls of plywood or similar. The exterior openings are
standardized in order to simplify their mass production and
lower the cost. Interior equipment can be kept to a minimum
essential and are made either industrially or in the traditional way,
or by using these two complementary methods.

Industrial technological aid and human resources
by the inventors are adaptable to the means and local resources available
depending on location, importance and destination of programs
to implement.

The technology of the invention is
1) have the elements of the
wooden construction in the form of "KIT" available on site with a number
tice of implementation and provision of ballot boxes technical assistance adapted to the capacity
of implementation of the builders. It is a possibility of self-construction
dwellings by residents with technical assistance provided by
inventors as needed.

2) have all the elements of the manufactured construction delivered
in a sawmill equipped in the form of a "KIT" and proceed with mounting the framework
of walls and frames thanks to the provision of trained and qualified companions
whether or not from the inventors' own resources. Users
can then proceed with the wooden coating of the floor, walls, roof
and partitions and other interior and exterior finishes by their professionals
pres means, with technical assistance provided by the following inventors
needs.

3) have all of the elements of the construction manufactured delivered
in an equipped sawmill, assemble or have all of these elements assembled on
place with the total or partial help of the constructors' own resources
inventors and deliver turnkey housing at a very competitive price,
for the benefit of individuals or building organizations.

4) to dispense, using the inventors' own resources, an ac
technological training intended to allow the exploitation of bre
vet under license in the requesting countries.

 5) modify the dimensions of the basic cell according to the possible need of the users, modify its external appearance without changing the construction system which is the subject of the patent.

 It can be proceeded for example to the increase of the slope of the roof or to the shape of this one in particular making it possible to respect the usual style of a region or country and to possibly create an additional mezzanine surface, or any other comforting arrangement.

 6) carry out additional comfort thermal insulation work by incorporating insulation adapted to the structure, and exterior or interior decorative elements in order to adapt the constructions resulting from the construction system considered to the wishes of the clientele national and international.

Claims (7)

 1) The wooden construction system applies, in all cases from a basic cell of 3m90 x 3m90 of internal dimensions or from '4m08 x 4m08 from axis to axis of columns of bearing angles in wood (Fig. 2). This cell will itself constitute a "studio" type dwelling by the addition of a sanitary group. It can be repeated several times and form several types of housing. For example two cells form a 2-room housing, three cells form a three-room housing and so on up to the housing of 7 rooms on one level. The addition of a covered space on the ground floor by raising the cell (s) on stilts makes it possible to increase the surface area suitable for housing at the option of the builder (Fig. 9). The frame roof covers, extending beyond the front and rear of the cell, the surface of at least two basic cells and multiplies according to the number of rooms in the house by identical elements that cannot be divided (Fig. 1). Thus, in the event of an odd number of rooms, the roof makes it possible to obtain a covered surface open laterally, which can then be closed in order to enlarge the housing according to the evolution of the family of the occupying.  2) Base cell according to claim 1 comprising its roofing element, which can be built on the ground or on stilts thus freeing up a covered space on the ground allowing the fitting out of additional rooms. In this second case, a wooden access staircase is provided in the surface of the wooden terrace located upstairs.  3) Framework of the basic cell, according to claim 2, the four bearing angles of which are formed by wooden posts Om15 x Om15 approximately for the ground floors and Om18 x Om18 approximately for the floors based on driven piles in the ground, or on concrete, or on a general concrete foundation, depending on the resistance of the soil and the configuration of the sites encountered. The outer walls are mounted on intermediate posts of Om10 x OmiO approximately (Fig. 7) positioned in a 1m36 grid (Fig. 2). Braces are provided between posts and posts at the ends of the constructions (Fig. 1). The frame is formed of half-trusses assembled by their punch in the middle of the construction and spaced from axis to axis of 1m36 or, depending on the frame selected. These trusses fix the partition posts and the framework of the ceilings.  4) Openings according to claims 1, 2 and 3, consisting of joinery elements adapted to the regions and countries in which the construction is to be built. These elements, identical for each opening, are backed  to an existing post and receive, on their non-backing side, an additional post fixed in low beam and high beam on the framework (Fig. 4).  5) Framework of partitions according to claim 1, consisting of posts of Om10 x Om10 approximately (Fig.5), located along the orthogonal frame of each type of housing, fixed on a low rail itself fixed to the ground and on the ties of frame farm screened at lm36 from axis to axis.  6) Framework of ceilings, according to claim 2 constituted by joists of variable spacing, of section of OmO6 x Om03 approximately, fixed to the ties of trusses.  T> Vertical exterior coverings, according to claim 3, made up of grooved planks from country, called clapboard (Fig.T), of a thickness of about Om03, fixed on the framework or on the faces external of the trusses for the lateral sides (Fig. 3). Adequate thermal insulation can be provided between the interior and exterior coverings.  8) Interior cladding of walls and partitions, according to claims 3 and 5, constituted by plywood panels (or similar) of Om015 thickness approximately, coated or not with laminated panels, fixed on the frameworks of partitions (Fig. 5 and 6) or walls (Fig. 7).  9) Interior and exterior coverings of ceilings, according to claims 1, 3 and 6, consisting of plywood panels (or similar) of 0m010 to Om012 of thickness approximately, fixed on the supporting joists. This ceiling can carry suitable thermal insulation on the upper face.  10) Floor on the ground and on the floor according to claim 2 which can be constituted by  a- joists with an approximate cross-section of Om08 x Om2O, spaced approximately Om40 from axis to sex, fixed to the main posts of the frame and supporting a timbered and nailed wood floor, of current quality and thickness. This floor can carry suitable thermal insulation on the underside.  b- a reinforced concrete slab resting on the backfilled and dane ground, forming a general raft with reinforced concrete reinforcements at the location of the main pole supports of wooden frame, coated with an optional floor covering.  11) Foundations according to claim 3, which can be executed  a- in the form of piles driven into the good soil, these being the extension of the main studs of frame of indicated section.  b- in the form of posts of the same section hung on the concrete floor forming a general raft with reinforcements.  c- in the form of the same posts anchored on insulated concrete cubes sufficiently ground to the right soil.