FR2516630A1 - Construction of conduit which lies directly on ground surface - has cross=section of optimum shape determined by calculation and formed by welded sections - Google Patents

Construction of conduit which lies directly on ground surface - has cross=section of optimum shape determined by calculation and formed by welded sections Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2516630A1
FR2516630A1 FR8121510A FR8121510A FR2516630A1 FR 2516630 A1 FR2516630 A1 FR 2516630A1 FR 8121510 A FR8121510 A FR 8121510A FR 8121510 A FR8121510 A FR 8121510A FR 2516630 A1 FR2516630 A1 FR 2516630A1
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France
Prior art keywords
elements
conduit
section
cross
advance
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Granted
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FR8121510A
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French (fr)
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FR2516630B1 (en
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to FR8121510A priority Critical patent/FR2516630B1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP82402010A priority patent/EP0081402B2/en
Priority to BR8207986A priority patent/BR8207986A/en
Priority to AT87200617T priority patent/ATE70606T1/en
Priority to PCT/FR1982/000177 priority patent/WO1983001823A1/en
Priority to DE8787200617T priority patent/DE3280384D1/en
Priority to JP57503329A priority patent/JPS58501957A/en
Priority to US06/522,169 priority patent/US4693635A/en
Priority to EP87200617A priority patent/EP0244890B2/en
Priority to AT82402010T priority patent/ATE43425T1/en
Priority to AU90578/82A priority patent/AU567431B2/en
Priority to DE8282402010T priority patent/DE3279711D1/en
Priority to MA19858A priority patent/MA19646A1/en
Priority to GR69815A priority patent/GR77780B/el
Priority to ZA828374A priority patent/ZA828374B/en
Priority to MX195203A priority patent/MX155391A/en
Priority to IE2730/82A priority patent/IE57962B1/en
Priority to ES517400A priority patent/ES517400A0/en
Priority to OA57845A priority patent/OA07252A/en
Priority to KR8205169A priority patent/KR890001112B1/en
Priority to IE921991A priority patent/IE58601B1/en
Priority to PT75861A priority patent/PT75861B/en
Priority to CA000415655A priority patent/CA1232463A/en
Priority to IDP419482A priority patent/ID858B/en
Priority to FR8308168A priority patent/FR2546263B2/en
Publication of FR2516630A1 publication Critical patent/FR2516630A1/en
Priority to FI832567A priority patent/FI77313C/en
Priority to DK325483A priority patent/DK172414B1/en
Priority to NO83832587A priority patent/NO164499C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FR2516630B1 publication Critical patent/FR2516630B1/en
Priority to IN185/DEL/86A priority patent/IN165932B/en
Priority to CA000532074A priority patent/CA1232461A/en
Priority to AU73193/87A priority patent/AU596843B2/en
Priority to US07/058,567 priority patent/US4836714A/en
Priority to DK541287A priority patent/DK166744B1/en
Priority to ES88401361T priority patent/ES2021151B3/en
Priority to SG199/92A priority patent/SG19992G/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
    • E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/22—Containers for fluent solids, e.g. silos, bunkers; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/24—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials
    • E04H7/26—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete or other stone-like materials
    • E04H7/28—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete or other stone-like materials composed of special building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/22—Containers for fluent solids, e.g. silos, bunkers; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/24—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials
    • E04H7/30—Constructions, with or without perforated walls, depending on the use of specified materials mainly of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
    • E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/22—Pipes composed of a plurality of segments

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

The hollow structure is of large cross-section e.g. a conduit or silo, which rests on the ground. The optimum shape of cross-section is calculated, taking into account the site conditions, the operational conditions and the intrinsic properties of the conduit material. The shape of cross-section is roughly semi-circular with rounded corners, having a width (L) and a height (H). The shape is constructed from separate pieces (3-5) which are welded together to form lengths of conduit which are then joined end to end.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé d'obtention de conduits de grande section. The present invention relates to a process for obtaining ducts of large cross section.

Diverses techniques sont utilisées pour la mise en place de conduits destins à des adductions d'eau,des transports pétroliers,des passages de câbles etc... Various techniques are used for the installation of conduits intended for water supply, oil transport, cable passages etc ...

La technique la plus fréquente consiste à utiliser des tronçons tubulaires, à section circulaire,qui sont mis bout à bout et assemblés par diverses méthodes. Cette technique présente des inconvénients qui augmentent avec le diamètre de la conduite , même Si l'on diminue la longueur des tron çons: fabrication, transports, manutentions et mise en place. The most frequent technique consists in using tubular sections, with circular section, which are put end to end and assembled by various methods. This technique has drawbacks which increase with the diameter of the pipe, even if the length of the sections is reduced: manufacture, transport, handling and installation.

De toute façon,des problèmes d'encombrement se posent dès qu'on approche d'un diamètre extérieur de 2,50 m qui correspond à la limite normale des gabarits routiers. Pour des débits importantssson onest amené à prévoir plusieurs conduits en parallèle,ce qui est une solution coûteuse,ou bien à construire le conduit sur place,suivant les techniques des constructions de maçonner1.c,voire de travaux en galeries également eX lieuses en argent et en temps.Anyway, congestion problems arise as soon as we approach an outside diameter of 2.50 m which corresponds to the normal limit of road gauges. For large flows, it is necessary to provide several conduits in parallel, which is an expensive solution, or else to construct the conduit on the spot, according to the techniques of masonry constructions1.c, or even of works in galleries also in places of silver and in time.

Il existe donc un problème pour l'obtention de conduits de section importante et en particulier supérieure à 5 m2 environ. There is therefore a problem in obtaining conduits with a large section and in particular greater than approximately 5 m2.

La présente invention a pour but de fournir un procédé qui permette obtenir des conduits, notamment de grande section,aveo des prix de revient de fabrication,de transport et de mise en place considérablement réduits par rapport aux techniqtles actuelles. The object of the present invention is to provide a method which makes it possible to obtain conduits, in particular of large cross section, with manufacturing, transport and installation costs considerably reduced compared to current techniques.

Selon un premier aspect de l'invention il est fourni un procédé d'obtention de conduits par assemblage sur place d'é léments préparés à l'avance selon lequel on assemble des éléments longitudinaux sans ondulation > préparés à l'avance, correspondant chacun à une partie seulement de la section transversale de la paroi du conduit. According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a method for obtaining conduits by assembling on site of elements prepared in advance, according to which longitudinal elements are assembled without corrugation> prepared in advance, each corresponding to only part of the cross section of the wall of the duct.

Le procédé ainsi défini présente un premier avantage: le transport est facilité.Si l'on suppose en effet que la dimension maximale admissiJ-le soit 2,5 mnla technique actuelle permet seulement le transport unitaire de tronçons de diamètre extérieur au plus égal à 2,5 m. Si les éléments selon l'invention correspondent chacun à un quart de la section du conduit,celui-ci pourra avoir,une fois terminé,un diamètre de 3,5 m environ,soit une surface de section double, et si les éléments correspondent à un sixjème de la section,
un diamètre celui-ci pourra avoir une fois terminé/de 4,4 m environ soit une surface de section triple.De plus,pour une même hauteur de 2,5 m on pourra disposer,dans le même volume,un nombre considérable d'éléments unitaires,empilés les uns sur les autres,si bien que le même véhicule de transport sera utilisé à sa charge utile maximale. En revanche,la longueur totale des Jonctions à effectuer,par soudure ou autrement est évidemment augmentée. Il faut observer qu'il s'agit, normalement de Joints rectilignes qui sont bien plus faciles à obtenir ou exécuter que des Joints circulaires,et que le nombre de ces derniers peut être au contraire réduit du fait de la plus grande longueur unitaire des éléments, permi#epar leur poids unitaire plus réduit.The process thus defined has a first advantage: the transport is facilitated. If one supposes indeed that the maximum admissible dimension is 2,5 mn the current technique allows only the unitary transport of sections of outside diameter at most equal to 2 , 5 m. If the elements according to the invention each correspond to a quarter of the section of the conduit, the latter may have, when completed, a diameter of approximately 3.5 m, ie a surface of double section, and if the elements correspond to a sixth in the section,
a diameter this can have once finished / 4.4 m approximately or a surface of triple section. In addition, for the same height of 2.5 m we can have, in the same volume, a considerable number of single elements, stacked on top of each other, so that the same transport vehicle will be used at its maximum payload. On the other hand, the total length of the Junctions to be made, by welding or otherwise, is obviously increased. It should be noted that these are normally straight seals which are much easier to obtain or execute than circular seals, and that the number of the latter may on the contrary be reduced due to the greater unit length of the elements. , permi # e by their reduced unit weight.

Selon un second aspect de l'invention, on utilise des éléments ayant des courbures transversales d'ensemble différentes pour donner au conduit une section courbe mais non circulaire. Les avantages de ce second aspect sont multiples. According to a second aspect of the invention, elements having different overall transverse curvatures are used to give the duct a curved but not circular section. The advantages of this second aspect are manifold.

La forme circulaire des conduits est,on le sait,la mieux adaptée au cas des fortes pressions internes. Elle est d'autre part la plus facile à obtenir lorsqu'on confectionne des tronçons correspondant à toute la section du conduit. Elle présente en revanche des inconvénients dans les autres utilisations. Un conduit circulaire crée,dans le sol qui supporte son poids,des contraintes qui présentent un maximum accusé dans sa région médiane. Il s'ensuit quasi le sol est meuble,des tassements différentiels importants peuvent se produire après la pose.La forme circulaire se prête mal à une bonne exploitation de l'espace lorsque celui-ci est encombré comme c'est souvent le cas en milieu urbain.Enfin,le poids est comparativement trop élevé;en effet la matière est, dans le cas de tronçons unitaires couvrant chacun toute la section,répartie de façon uniforme sur toute la périphérie alors que les contraintes ne le sont pas. Les formes de conduit que permet le second aspect de l'invention permettent d'éviter ces inconvénients.As we know, the circular shape of the conduits is best suited to the case of high internal pressures. It is also the easiest to obtain when making sections corresponding to the entire section of the duct. However, it has disadvantages in other uses. A circular conduit creates, in the soil which supports its weight, stresses which present a maximum marked in its middle region. It almost follows the ground is loose, significant differential settlements can occur after installation. The circular shape does not lend itself to good use of space when it is congested as is often the case in the middle Finally, the weight is comparatively too high; indeed the material is, in the case of unitary sections each covering the entire section, distributed uniformly over the entire periphery while the constraints are not. The forms of conduit that the second aspect of the invention allows to avoid these drawbacks.

En particulier,suivant une modalité préférée,dans les zones où le sol est meuble,on utilise,pour la partie inférieure du conduit,des éléments ayant une courbure transversale d'ensemble plus faible que les autres,si bien que le conduit a une section de forme aplatie à la base. On obtient ainsi une amélioration considérable de la répartition des contraintes engendrées dans le sol sous-Jacent,et les mouvements de celuici peuvent etre réduits de façon très importante.Un autre avantage de telles formes est une hauteur plus faible à section égale,d'où réduction des frais de fouille(terrassements, blindages,rabattements de nappe phréatique etc )D'autre part, lorsque la consistance du sol porteur l'exige (nappe aquifère notamment)on peut intégrer au conduit un lestage obtenu au mo yen de masses de métal ou de béton qui viennent s'accrocher, par un boulonnage approprié,sous le radier dudit conduit. In particular, according to a preferred method, in the areas where the ground is loose, elements with a generally smaller overall transverse curvature are used for the lower part of the duct, so that the duct has a cross section flattened at the base. A considerable improvement in the distribution of the stresses generated in the underlying soil is thus obtained, and the movements thereof can be reduced very significantly. Another advantage of such forms is a lower height with equal cross section, hence reduction in excavation costs (earthworks, armor plating, lowering of the water table, etc.) On the other hand, when the consistency of the bearing soil requires it (aquifer in particular), weights can be incorporated into the pipe, obtained using metal masses or of concrete which come to hang, by an appropriate bolting, under the raft of said conduit.

Bien entendu,la masse du lestage est calculée en fonction des données propres au site concerné et chacun des éléments de lestage peut être également préfabriqué. On peut également ancrer le conduit au sol par ce même procédé de boulonnage lequel est rendu possible depuis l'intérieur par la forme aplatie du radier.Of course, the weight of the ballast is calculated according to the data specific to the site concerned and each of the ballast elements can also be prefabricated. You can also anchor the conduit to the ground by this same bolting process which is made possible from the inside by the flattened shape of the raft.

Suivant une autre modalité avantageuse de l'invention on calcule à l'avance les contraintes auxquelles seront soumis les divers éléments et on détermine,en fonction de ces contraintes,l'épaisseur de chaque élément et/ou la matiè re dont il est fait. Il est fréquent en effet,que la partie supérieure d'un conduit n'ait qu'un rôle de protection et ne soit soumise qu'à des contraintes limitées. D'autre part,le poids du fluide transporté,quand il s'agit d'eau ou d'un autre liquide agit évidemment plus à la partie inférieure qu'au sommet. De plus l'étanchéité obtenue aux Joints d'assemblage autorise le conduit à supporter des pressions internes et, de ce faits être utilisé en conduite forcée. According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the stresses to which the various elements will be subjected are calculated in advance and the thickness of each element and / or the material of which it is made is determined as a function of these stresses. It is common in fact that the upper part of a conduit has only a protective role and is subject to only limited constraints. On the other hand, the weight of the transported fluid, when it is water or another liquid obviously acts more at the bottom than at the top. In addition, the seal obtained at the assembly joints allows the conduit to withstand internal pressures and, therefore, be used in penstock.

On notera également que,dans sa forme définitive,le conduit constituant un ensemble homogène et monoblocl ne sera pas nécessaire de réaliser des butées aux changements de direction,générateurs de poussées longitudine.ies.La possibilité d'adapter l'épaisseur et la matière de l'élément permet de réaliser d'importantes économies sur le prix de revient et sur le transport.It will also be noted that, in its final form, the duct constituting a homogeneous and monoblocl assembly will not be necessary to produce stops for changes of direction, generators of thrust longitudinal.ies.The possibility of adapting the thickness and the material of the element allows significant savings on cost price and transport.

La confection d'un conduit selon l'invention,c'est-à-dire par éléments qui ne correspondent qu'à une partie de la section mais qui peuvent,par compensation, être de longueur importante,pos# des problèmes spécifiques au moment de l'assemblage;ces problèmes ont pu être résolus par le procédé d'assemblage suivant,qui se trouve donc en liaison étroite avec l'obJet principal de l'invention. Selon ce procédé,on procède à l'assemblage initial des éléments en les reliant entre eux tant longitudinalement que transversalement par des moyens permettant un déplacement relatif limité des éléments adJacents et en intercalant entre eux un Joint d'étanchéité en matière souple,et on procède ensuite à l'assemblage définitif et rigide des éléments entre eux lors#que les terrains environnants et l'ensemble du conduit se sont stabilisés. De préférence,l'assemblage initial des éléments entre eux est fait à l'aide de boulons traversant au moins un des éléments par un trou ovalisé. The making of a conduit according to the invention, that is to say by elements which correspond only to a part of the section but which can, by compensation, be of considerable length, pos # specific problems at the time assembly, these problems could be solved by the following assembly process, which is therefore in close connection with the main object of the invention. According to this process, the initial assembly of the elements is carried out by connecting them both longitudinally and transversely by means allowing limited relative movement of the adjoining elements and by interposing between them a seal made of flexible material, and we proceed then to the definitive and rigid assembly of the elements together when the surrounding terrain and the entire duct have stabilized. Preferably, the initial assembly of the elements together is done using bolts passing through at least one of the elements through an ovalized hole.

Les changements directionnels s'obtiennent par des éléments préfabriqués courbes ou en pans coupés,spécialement calculés et adaptés à la géométrie imposee. Directional changes are obtained by precast elements, curved or cut sections, specially calculated and adapted to the imposed geometry.

La présente invention va être décrite plus en détail à l'aide d'exemples,non limitatifs de réalisation illustrés par les dessins parmi lesquels:
Figs. 1 à 3 sont des coupes transversales schématiues de conduits selon l'invention;
Fig. 4 est une coupe partielle illustrant le mode d'assemblage.The present invention will be described in more detail with the aid of nonlimiting examples of embodiment illustrated by the drawings among which:
Figs. 1 to 3 are schematic cross sections of conduits according to the invention;
Fig. 4 is a partial section illustrating the method of assembly.

La figure 1 montre,en trait plein, la coupe d'un conduit 1 obtenu par le procédé de l'invention,et pour comparaison en tirets,la coupe d'un conduit circulaire 2 de même section.  Figure 1 shows, in solid lines, the section of a conduit 1 obtained by the method of the invention, and for comparison in dashes, the section of a circular conduit 2 of the same section.

Le conduit selon l'invention est obtenu par assemblagehe cinq
éléments de même longueur.The conduit according to the invention is obtained by assembling five
elements of the same length.

Deux éléments de base 3 sont sensiblement plans;deux
éléments de côté 4 ont une courbure variable plus forte vers
le bas que vers le haut;le profil est complèté par un
élément supérieur 5,à section en arc de cercle. L'exemple
représenté correspond,à titre indicatif à une section de iOn2. Two basic elements 3 are substantially planar; two
side elements 4 have a greater variable curvature towards
lower than up; the profile is completed by a
upper element 5, with circular arc section. The example
shown corresponds, for information only, to a section of iOn2.

La hauteur H totale est de 2,40 m et la largeur L de 5,00 m,
à comparer avec le diamètre D du conduit circulaire correspon
dant,qui est de 3,57 m. La fouille nécessaire pour le conduit
selon l'invention est plus large à la base que pour le conduit
circulaire,mais elle est moins profonde;et au total,le volume à excaver est du même ordre,il peut être plus faible pour certains terrains.The total height H is 2.40 m and the width L is 5.00 m,
compare with the diameter D of the corresponding circular duct
dant, which is 3.57 m. The search required for the conduit
according to the invention is wider at the base than for the conduit
circular, but it is less deep; and in total, the volume to be excavated is of the same order, it may be lower for certain terrains.

La figure 2 montre une autre forme de conduit selon l'in
vention,dans lequel les éléments du fond 3a sont légèrement
incurvés,et qui comporte deux éléments supérieurs Sa au lieu
d'un.Figure 2 shows another form of conduit according to the in
vention, in which the bottom elements 3a are slightly
curved, and which has two upper elements Sa instead
of one.

La figure 3 montre encore une autre réalisatîon,qui présente
La particularité que l'élément de fond 3b forme une cunette
centrale 6. On a prévu que la cunette est au milieu de l'élé
nent 3b et est légèrementevasee ibien que des éléments sont
identiques et empilables pour le transport,mais bien entendu
d'autres dispositions sont possibles. Suivant la technique
ci#ssique,l'adj.onction d'une cunette pose un problème quasi
insoluble.Figure 3 shows yet another embodiment, which presents
The particularity that the bottom element 3b forms a wedge
central 6. It is expected that the cunette is in the middle of the element
lie 3b and is slightly flattered ibian that elements are
identical and stackable for transport, but of course
other arrangements are possible. According to the technique
here # ssique, adding a cunette poses a quasi problem
insoluble.

La figure 4 illustre un exemple du mode de Jonction entre
comme
deux éléments 4,5 placés Ides éléments 4a et Sa de la figure 2.Figure 4 illustrates an example of the mode of Junction between
as
two elements 4,5 placed Ides elements 4a and Sa of FIG. 2.

L'élément 4 est dans une première phase pourvu d'une plaque
de raccordement 7,fixée par une soudure 8,laquelle peut êtr
exécutée en usine ou sur place. Cette plaque 7 présente des
trous ovalisés 9,qui > lors du montage,vîennent en correspo.#-
dance avec des trous ovalisés 10 de l'élément 5. On peut
prévoir que les ovalisations des trous 9 et 10 ,sont sensible
ment perpendiculaires l'uoe à l'autre. Au moment du montage on
intercale entre l'élément 5 et la plaque 7 un Joint souple 11
en élastomère ou analogue,puis on procède à la Jonction à
l'aide d'une vis 12 et d'un écrou 13. Element 4 is in a first phase provided with a plate
connection 7, fixed by a weld 8, which can be
performed in the factory or on site. This plate 7 presents
ovalized holes 9, which> during assembly, come in correspondence. # -
dance with ovalized holes 10 of element 5. You can
provide that the ovalization of holes 9 and 10 are sensitive
lie perpendicular to each other. At the time of assembly,
between the element 5 and the plate 7 a flexible seal 11
in elastomer or the like, then we proceed to the Junction at
using a screw 12 and a nut 13.

Lorsque le Jeu d'éléments correspondant à la section suivante du conduit est monté,de légers mouvements relatifs des éléments 4 et 5 peuvent apparaltre,par exemple sous l'effet de variations de niveau du fond de la fouille. De légers mouvements peuvent aussi être la conséquence du tassement des terrains sous-Jacents. Tous ces mouvements sont rendus possiblespar l'ovalisation des trous 9 et 10.Quand ces mouvements ont cessé de se produire,on peut procèder à la Jonction définitive des éléments par une soudure 14. La vis 12 et l'écrou 13 peuvent en outre être retirés,et les trous 9 et lO,ou seulement l'un des deux,peuvent être obturés par soudure. When the Set of elements corresponding to the next section of the duct is mounted, slight relative movements of elements 4 and 5 may appear, for example under the effect of variations in the level of the bottom of the excavation. Slight movements can also be the consequence of the settlement of the underlying ground. All these movements are made possible by the ovalization of the holes 9 and 10. When these movements have ceased to occur, the elements can be definitively joined together by a weld 14. The screw 12 and the nut 13 can also be removed, and holes 9 and 10, or only one of them, can be closed by welding.

Comme on l'a dit plus haut,les divers éléments peuvent être d'épaisseurs différentes selon le résultat du calcul des contraintes. Ils peuvent aussi être des matériaux différents,à condition toutefois que,le cas échéant les précautions nécessaires aient été prises pour éviter la corrosion par effet de couples électrochimiques. As mentioned above, the various elements can be of different thicknesses depending on the result of the stress calculation. They may also be of different materials, provided however that, where necessary, the necessary precautions have been taken to avoid corrosion by the effect of electrochemical couples.

Parmi les matériaux préférés,on peut citer,pour son prix peu élevé et ses facilités d'obtention et de soudage,les fontes ductîles,mals d'autres matériaux peuvent être envisagés seuls ou en combinaison,tels que d'autres métaux, et aciers,les plastiques renforcés par des fibres, le béton, précontraint ou non. Dans ces deux derniers cas,il est évident que les soudures dont on a parlé plus haut sont à remplacer par des liaisons appropriées.  Among the preferred materials, mention may be made, for its low price and its ease of obtaining and welding, ductile iron, but other materials can be considered alone or in combination, such as other metals, and steels. , fiber-reinforced plastics, concrete, pre-stressed or not. In the latter two cases, it is obvious that the welds mentioned above are to be replaced by appropriate connections.

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS longitudinaux assemble des élenents correspondant chacun à une partie seulement de la section transversale de la paroi du conduit. longitudinal assemblies elements each corresponding to only a part of the cross section of the wall of the conduit. l.Procédé d'obtention de conduits par assemblage sur place d'éléments préparés à l'avance,caractérisé en ce qu'on l.Process for obtaining conduits by assembling on site elements prepared in advance, characterized in that 2. Procédé selon la revendication l,caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des éléments ayant des courbures transversales d'ensemble différentes ,pour donner au conduit une section courbe mais non circulaire. 2. Method according to claim l, characterized in that elements having different overall transverse curvatures are used, to give the duct a curved but not circular section. 3.Procédé selon la revendication 2,caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise,pour la partie inférieure du conduit,des éléments ayant une courbure transversale d'ensemble plus faible que les autres,si bien que le conduit a une section de forme aplatie à la base. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that, for the lower part of the conduit, elements having an overall transverse curvature that are smaller than the others are used, so that the conduit has a section of flattened shape at the base. 4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on calcule à l'avance les contraintes auxquelles seront soumis les divers éléments et on détermine, en fonction de ces contraintes l'épaisseur de chaque élément et/ou la matière dont il est fait. 4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the stresses to which the various elements will be subjected are calculated in advance and the thickness of each element and / or is determined as a function of these constraints the material of which it is made. 5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4,caractérisé en ce qu'on procède à l'assemblage initial des éléments en les reliant entre eux par des moyens permettant un déplacement relatif limité des éléments adjacents et en intercalant entre eux un Joint d'étanchéité en matière souple, et en ce qu'on procède ensuite à l'assemblage définitif et rigide des éléments entre eux lorsque les terrains environnants et l'ensemble du conduit se sont stabilises. 5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one proceeds to the initial assembly of the elements by connecting them together by means allowing limited relative movement of the adjacent elements and by intercalating a joint sealing in flexible material, and in that one then proceeds to the final and rigid assembly of the elements together when the surrounding terrain and the entire duct have stabilized. 6.Procédé selon la revendication 5,caractérisé en ce que l'assemblage initial des éléments entre eux est fait à l'aide de boulons traversant au moins un des éléments par un trou ovalisé. 6. Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the initial assembly of the elements together is done using bolts passing through at least one of the elements through an ovalized hole. 7.Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6,caracté risé en ce qu'on fixe par boulonnage,sous la base de forme aplatie du conduit,des masses de lestage ou bien des éléments d'ancrage.  7. Method according to one of claims 3 to 6, character ized in that it is fixed by bolting, under the base of flattened shape of the conduit, ballast masses or else anchoring elements. 8.Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7,caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise,pour les changements directionnels du conduit des éléments préfabriqués courbés ou en pans coupés,spécialement calculés et adaptés. 8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, for the directional changes of the conduit, prefabricated elements bent or cut, specially calculated and adapted. 9.Eléments longitudinaux de conduit préparés à l'avance pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 ,caractérisés en ce qu'ils correspondent chacun à une partie seulement de la section transversale du conduit à obtenir. 9. Longitudinal elements of the conduit prepared in advance for the implementation of the method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that they each correspond to only part of the cross section of the conduit to be obtained. 1O.Eléments selon la revendication 9,caractérisés en ce qu'ils ont une courbure transversale variable. 1O.Elements according to claim 9, characterized in that they have a variable transverse curvature. ll.Eléments selon l'une des revendications 9 ou 10, caractérisés en ce qu'ils sont en fonte ductile. ll.Elements according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that they are made of ductile iron. 12 Conduit, formé par assemblage d'éléments longitudimaux correspondant chacun à une partie seulement de la section transversale du conduit et obtenu selon le procédé de l'une des revendications 1 à 8.  12 Conduit, formed by assembling longitudinal elements each corresponding to only part of the cross section of the conduit and obtained according to the method of one of claims 1 to 8.
FR8121510A 1981-11-17 1981-11-17 METHOD FOR OBTAINING CONDUITS BY ASSEMBLY OF PREPARED ELEMENTS, ELEMENTS USED AND CONDUIT OBTAINED Expired FR2516630B1 (en)

Priority Applications (35)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8121510A FR2516630B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1981-11-17 METHOD FOR OBTAINING CONDUITS BY ASSEMBLY OF PREPARED ELEMENTS, ELEMENTS USED AND CONDUIT OBTAINED
EP87200617A EP0244890B2 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 Process for producing hollow structures such as ducts, silos, or shelters, and structures obtained by this process
AT87200617T ATE70606T1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF HOLLOW ELEMENTS SUCH AS PIPES, SILOS OR BUNKER AND ELEMENTS MANUFACTURED BY THIS PROCESS.
PCT/FR1982/000177 WO1983001823A1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 Method for obtaining hollow structures, such as conduits, silos or shelters and structures obtained by such method
DE8787200617T DE3280384D1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 METHOD FOR PRODUCING HOLLOW ELEMENTS, SUCH AS PIPES, SILOS OR BUNKERS AND ELEMENTS MANUFACTURED BY THIS METHOD.
JP57503329A JPS58501957A (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 Method for manufacturing hollow structures such as conduits, silos or shelters
EP82402010A EP0081402B2 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 Process for obtaining hollow structures such as ducts, grain tanks or shelters.
BR8207986A BR8207986A (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 PROCESS FOR OBTAINING Hollow Structures, SUCH AS DUCTS, SILOS OR SHELTERS, AND STRUCTURES OBTAINED BY THE PROCESS
AT82402010T ATE43425T1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF HOLLOW ELEMENTS SUCH AS PIPES, SILOS OR BUNKER.
AU90578/82A AU567431B2 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 A method of producing elongated hollow bodies such as conduits silos, shelters and tunnels
DE8282402010T DE3279711D1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 Process for obtaining hollow structures such as ducts, grain tanks or shelters.
US06/522,169 US4693635A (en) 1981-11-17 1982-10-29 Method of producing hollow structures and hollow structures
MA19858A MA19646A1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-12 Method for obtaining hollow structures, such as pipes, silos or shelters and structures obtained by this method
ZA828374A ZA828374B (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-15 Method for producing hollow structures and hollow structures
GR69815A GR77780B (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-15
IE2730/82A IE57962B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 Process for producing hollow structures such as conduits,silos or shelters
ES517400A ES517400A0 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING CYLINDRICAL HOLLOW STRUCTURES THAT REST ON THE FLOOR.
OA57845A OA07252A (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 Process for obtaining hollow structures such as pipes, silos or shelters and structures obtained by this process.
MX195203A MX155391A (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 IMPROVEMENTS IN PROCEDURE FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES SUCH AS DUCTS OR SILOS AND RESULTING STRUCTURES
KR8205169A KR890001112B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 A hollowness construct and making method
IE921991A IE58601B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 Method for producting hollow structures of large cross-section such as conduits, silos or shelters and hollow structures produced by the method
PT75861A PT75861B (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES SUCH AS SILOS OR ABRIDED PIPES AND STRUCTURES OBTAINED THEREBY
CA000415655A CA1232463A (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-16 Method for producing hollow structures and hollow structures
IDP419482A ID858B (en) 1981-11-17 1982-11-17 METHOD FOR MAKING CAVITY STRUCTURE
FR8308168A FR2546263B2 (en) 1981-11-17 1983-05-17 PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES OF LARGE SECTION SUCH AS DUCTS, AND STRUCTURES THUS PRODUCED
FI832567A FI77313C (en) 1981-11-17 1983-07-14 IHAOLIGT STYCKE MED CYLINDRISK INNERVAEGG OCH FOERFARANDE FOER TILLVERKNING AV EN ROERKANAL AV SAODANA STYCKEN.
DK325483A DK172414B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1983-07-14 Method for making hollow bodies, such as pipelines
NO83832587A NO164499C (en) 1981-11-17 1983-07-15 HOLE BODIES WITH A CYLINDRIC INSIDE WALL AND WITH PLACES AGAINST THE MARKET WITH A FLAT BOTTOM, AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF A HOLE CONSTRUCTION THAT HAS A LARGE SECTION CROSS CORRESPONDING VEHICLES.
IN185/DEL/86A IN165932B (en) 1981-11-17 1986-03-03
CA000532074A CA1232461A (en) 1981-11-17 1987-03-13 Method for producing hollow structures and hollow structures
AU73193/87A AU596843B2 (en) 1981-11-17 1987-05-19 Process for obtaining conduits of large cross-section, conduits so obtained and their component elements
US07/058,567 US4836714A (en) 1981-11-17 1987-06-05 Enclosed structures of very large cross-section, such as conduits, silos or shelters
DK541287A DK166744B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1987-10-16 Method of producing hollow constructions, in particular pipelines and hollow constructions
ES88401361T ES2021151B3 (en) 1981-11-17 1988-06-03 HOLLOW STRUCTURE WITH FLAT BACK.
SG199/92A SG19992G (en) 1981-11-17 1992-02-29 Process for obtaining hollow structures such as ducts,grain tanks or shelters

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8121510A FR2516630B1 (en) 1981-11-17 1981-11-17 METHOD FOR OBTAINING CONDUITS BY ASSEMBLY OF PREPARED ELEMENTS, ELEMENTS USED AND CONDUIT OBTAINED

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FR2516630A1 true FR2516630A1 (en) 1983-05-20
FR2516630B1 FR2516630B1 (en) 1986-02-28

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FR8308168A Expired FR2546263B2 (en) 1981-11-17 1983-05-17 PROCESS FOR OBTAINING HOLLOW STRUCTURES OF LARGE SECTION SUCH AS DUCTS, AND STRUCTURES THUS PRODUCED

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CN108661395A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-10-16 刘全义 Assembled spherical shape storehouse and its method of construction
CN113236290A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-10 中铁三局集团第二工程有限公司 Construction process of steel frame mold for tunnel portal arch protection section

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FR2647486B1 (en) * 1989-05-23 1991-09-13 Tuyaux Bonna ARCHE CONCRETE NOZZLE
CN108049891A (en) * 2017-12-08 2018-05-18 东北大学 For building the rectangular steel pipe support system of underground engineering with shallow and its construction method

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CH168808A (en) * 1933-07-06 1934-04-30 Bertrams Ag Hch Sheet metal piping element.
US2400071A (en) * 1945-03-21 1946-05-14 Bull Anders Tunnel lining
GB873248A (en) * 1957-03-06 1961-07-19 Karl Lehmann Ring linings for mine galleries
FR2030937A5 (en) * 1969-02-06 1970-11-13 Joints Ets
DE2157191A1 (en) * 1971-11-18 1973-05-24 Armco Thyssen PIPE MADE FROM SHELLS OF CORRUGATED SHEET METAL
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CN108661395A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-10-16 刘全义 Assembled spherical shape storehouse and its method of construction
CN113236290A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-10 中铁三局集团第二工程有限公司 Construction process of steel frame mold for tunnel portal arch protection section

Also Published As

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FR2516630B1 (en) 1986-02-28
ZA828374B (en) 1983-09-28
FR2546263B2 (en) 1986-07-25
FR2546263A2 (en) 1984-11-23

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