FR2511410A1 - Prefabricated frame for building - has horizontal upper and lower frameworks between which wall panels are attached on flanges - Google Patents

Abstract

The prefabricated elements for constructing bungalows, garages or shelters comprise beams (1) formins upper and lower horizontal frameworks between which wall panels (2) are attached. Flanges (6) are secured to the lower frameworks and support a floor (8) whilst the roof (T) is supported by the upper framework. Each beam is metallic and contains longitudinal apertures (1a) into which ridges (2a), positioned near the upper and lower edges of the panels, locate to hold the assembly in alignment.

Description

 The invention relates to a prefabricated element construction, especially for the realization of bungalows, garages, shelters ...

 The object of the invention is related to the technical sector of building elements and materials.

 It has been desired to achieve in a particularly simple, fast and economical manner, a prefabricated construction which finds a particularly advantageous, though not limited, application for the construction of bungalow-style houses. This construction is remarkable for its various constituent elements allowing delivery in KIT form, assembly and assembly of said elements can be performed by any natural person, without using a qualified workforce and tools or bodies particular and special.

 For this purpose, the prefabricated construction according to the invention essentially comprises mounting and positioning profiles forming a framework, each capable of cooperating with several juxtaposed and prefabricated wall panels, and in particular with the upper and lower parts of said panels which are arranged in this way. Indeed, said profiles being assembled at their end to form at least one upper and lower frame connected or not by uprights, means of assembly and positioning cooperating with the profiles and the corresponding parts of the panels being held there by organs fixing, the assembly means relative to the profiles of the lower frame, for positioning and fixing a floor, while the assembly means relative to the profiles of the upper frame allow the positioning and fixing of the roof elements.

 These and other features will be apparent from the rest of the description.

For the purpose of setting forth the invention, but not limiting it, in the accompanying drawings
Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the main elements of the construction which are shown positioned before assembly and assembly; the assembly members not being fully illustrated.

Figure 2 is small scale, a perspective view
an embodiment of a bungalow according to the invention.

 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 5.

 Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 5.

 FIG. 5 is a view in longitudinal section along the line 5-5 of FIG. 4.

 Figure 6 shows in a perspective view before assembly, the ends of two profiles shaped to be assembled perpendicularly.

 Figure 7 is a perspective view corresponding to Figure 6, but after assembly of the ends of the profiled elements.

 Figure 8 is a perspective view in partial section, showing a portion of the roof in the case where the latter has a slope.

 Figure 9 is a partial plan and sectional view showing the sealing juxtaposition of two panels.

 Figure 10 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the attachment to a panel of a roof element, when the latter is substantially horizontal.

 the figure is a partial perspective view showing in particular the mounting of the roof elements, in another embodiment.

 Figure 12 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment for the 90-degree angular assembly of two profiled elements.

 Figure 13 is a plan view and in section at an angle, in particular to the right of the assembly profiles.

 Figure 14 shows in a perspective view, the cover assembly profiles.

 Figure 15 is a sectional view illustrating the assembly of two farms for the execution of a roof with two sides.

 In order to make the subject of the invention more concrete, it is now described in a nonlimiting manner, with reference to the exemplary embodiments of the figures of the drawings.

 It can be seen in FIG. 1 that the construction essentially comprises a metal framework formed of mounting and positioning profiles (1), each capable of cooperating with several juxtaposed vertical panels (2). the ends of the profiles (1) are shaped and arranged to be assembled to form a closed frame. In a preferred manner, the profiles (1) constitute, after assembly, an upper frame and a lower frame cooperating respectively with the upper and lower parts of the panels (2) which are arranged for this purpose. said lower and upper frames can be connected by their angles, by mon as also profiled.

 For this purpose, each section (1), generally metallic, has a flattened cross section and has, over substantially its entire length, a longitudinal rectilinear opening (la) with optionally, at regular intervals or not, vertical separations (lob) serving of stiffness8.

 the rectilinear openings (via) of the profiles (1) being beech of variable length, allow 11 interlocking engagement and the centering ribs (2a) complementary section, formed projecting, directly or in a manner reported, on the internal faces panels (2) or other modular elements. These nervures (2a) are established parallel to the upper and lower horizontal edges of the panels (2).

 The ends of each profile (13 have complementary means of assembly at 90 degrees with the adjacent section, for example, one of the ends has a very slight-recessed edge, a vertical spacer (tic) which leaves the outside, a slot mortise squared (here).; another end of the profile has transverse overflow, a vertical stud (nest), complementary, intended to cooperate with the mortise squared (here) of an adjacent section (Figure 6). two sections are thus positioned at right angles (FIG. 7), and all that is required is to assemble them by any known and appropriate means, for example by means of a screw nut system (3, 4) .The ends of the vertical uprights, if any , profiled or not, can also be fixed by any known means.

 Or, as illustrated in FIG. 12, the profiles (i) have at one of their ends a squared edge (1c) with a vertical spacer (if) which leaves, as in the previous embodiment, a squared mortise (ifl) * The other end of the profile has overflow, a pin (ig) shaped to be engaged in the corresponding mortise (ifs) of an adjacent profile. The profiles are thus centered and positioned angularly at 90 degrees, assembly means of any known and appropriate type, ensuring their locking in rectilinear position.

 It is therefore conceivable that when the panels (2) are placed vertically in juxtaposition and positioned by their ribs (? A) in the openings (via) profiles (7) assembled to form an upper frame and a lower frame, we obtain a rigid and closed volumetric assembly. It is obvious that some of the wall panels (2) have in a known manner, OiAvertures (2b) or (2c) for the establishment of windows or doors (Figures 1 and 2).

Your panels (2) are attached to the profiles (1) by clamping members such as bolts, cooperating with assembly members some of which also allow the attachment of means

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For this purpose, angles (6) are positioned by their vertical wings, against the inner face of the profiles (1) of the lower frame, being held there and fixed by bolts (7) through
the thickness of the panels (2) and the ribs (2a) (Figure 3).

There is thus simultaneous assembly on the panels (2) irons
angles (6) and profiles (1).

The horizontal flanges (6a) of the angles (6) allow the attachment of a floor element (8) in the form of a plate in one
or several parts.

 According to the invention, the roof of the construction can be inclined, flat or triangular.

When the roof (?) Is inclined, as illustrated in Figures 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, the latter consists essentially of a front plate (9) forming a strip, two triangular plates (10) and (11) or pinion plates, and of which elements
coverings themselves (15) (Figure 1).

Your front plate (9) is preferably mounted to the upper part of the series of panels (2) arranged laterally
while the triangular side plates (10) and (17 are each mounted at the top of the series of panels (2)
arranged transversely.

In a first embodiment, tabs (12)
double squares ensure the simultaneous fixing of the profiles
(1) corresponding and plates (9) (10) and (il), to the part
upper panels (2). one of the vertical wings (12a)
tabs (12) bears against the inner faces of the profiles
(1) by being fixed both in the thickness of the panel and the
rib (2a) by any appropriate locking means (13). The horizontal flange (12b) is supported on the edge of the profiles (1) and corresponding panels (2), while the other offset vertical flange (12c) is fixed in the thickness of the plates (9) (10). ) and (11), also by any known and appropriate locking members (14) (Figures 3 and 4).

 the roof itself is preferably made from a series or possibly a flat panel (15), for example self-supporting type with built-in insulation, sheet steel and cold-profiled, this type panel being well known to those skilled in the art.

 The roof panels (15) are attached to the upper edge of the front plate (9) by profiled tabs (16), for example (Fig. 3), and on the opposite side by other legs (17) suitably profiled, also ensuring simultaneously and the attachment of the upper profile (1) to the corresponding series of wall panels (2), (Figures 1 and 4). Indeed, the tabs (17) have a first vertical flange (17a) bearing against the inner face of the profile (1) being fixed in the thickness of the paneaux and their rib (2a) (Figure 4). It is pointed out that the outer lateral sides of the roof end panels (15) can be fixed in the thickness of the inclined side plates (10) and (11), for example by means of suitable profile legs (not shown). ).

 In the embodiment shown in Figure 11, the roof has two types of trusses (31) and (32). Your trusses (31) are arranged at the ends, while the at least one trestle (32) is arranged at intermediate points.

 The end caps (31) are positioned in abutment on the upper edge of the transverse assembly profiles (1).

Square corner tabs (33) secure the trusses (31) with the front plate (9) and possibly the triangular side panels (10) and (11), while plates (34) simultaneously secure the fastening. from the entrance (31a) of the farmhouse with the profile (1) and the corresponding series of panels (2). The plates (34) are supported both on the inner face of the profiles (1) and on the inner face of the inlet (31a); assembly members cooperate with said plates and the corresponding parts of the truss (31) and ribs (2a) of the panels engaged in the corresponding grooves (la) of the profiles (1). The crossbow (31b) of the trestle (31) receives by any known assembly member (35), the pinion plates (10) and (11).

 or the intermediate trusses (32) are formed by lugs (32a) and (32b), parallel and spaced to leave a free space (32c). opposite ends of the trusses (32) are positioned partially in abutment on the edge of the corresponding profiles (1). Galvanized legs (36) are fixed respectively in the lower end portion of the trestle (32) and in the thickness of the ribs (2a) of the panels engaged in the corresponding slots of the profiles (1). There is thus simultaneous assembly of the intermediate trusses with the panels (2) and their mounting and positioning profiles (1).

 In this last embodiment, the roof panels (15) are directly fixed, by any known and appropriate means, to the rafters of the end hinges (31) and to the intermediate hinges (32), in combination or not with the grounding plates. pinion (10) and (11) and the front plate (9). In a known manner, the trusses (31) and (32) have a general shape corresponding to that of the pinion plates (10) and (11).

 The roof panels (15) are further coupled together, in juxtaposition, in a sealed manner. For this purpose, as shown in particular in Figures 4, 5 and 8, overlapping each junction line of the panels (15), is positioned a sealing means (18) with a seal cover (19) hollow, to receive a plurality of fasteners and fasteners (20). Each member (20) cooperates with the rafters (31) and (32), or, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 8, with a metal support beam formed of two sections parallel spaced apart (21) and (22) braced at their lower part by a plate (P).

 Your profiles (21) and (22) similar to the profiles (1) described above, are fixed between the upper part of the front plate (9) and the upper edge of the wall panels (2) directly opposite, being inclined according to the same angle made by the inclined sides of the side plates (10) and (11), (Figure 4). For this purpose, the ends of the profiles (21) and (22) are integral with sloped ends (23) and (24), the end piece (23) being integral with a stirrup (23a) overlapping the section of the plate front (9), while the tip (24) is directly integral with the section (1) connecting the wall panels (2) corresponding (Figure 8) .The profiles (21) and (22) can by their dvide- longitudinal elements, allow the fitting and fixing of vertical partitions nested and fixed as indicated above.

It is the same in the case of intermediate trusses (32) having a longitudinal recess (32 C).

 The plate (P) arranged in support and overlapping of the lower edges of the parallel sections (21) and (22), - cooperates with the assembly members (20) thus ensuring the mounting and the connection of the roof panels (15). ) in combination with said profiles (21) and (22), (Figure 5).

 In the case of a roof with trusses (32), the assembly members (20) are engaged between the brackets (32a) and (32b) of the rafters and cooperate with the plate (P) in one or more pieces.

 It is also emphasized that the profiled lugs (16) and (17) for the assembly of the roof panels (15), with respectively the front plate (9), the profile (i) of the wall panels: directly opposite to said plate ( 9) and the inclined plates of side (10) and (11), also simultaneously allow the attachment of a peripheral belt (25), (Figures 1, 3 and 4).

 It is obvious that in the case of a horizontal roof, the principle of fixing and assembly remains substantially the same. The roof elements are fixed to the upper part of the four sets of wall panels (2) by doubly square tabs (26) providing, as indicated above, the fixing of the assembly profiles (1) relative to the upper frame (FIG. ). In the case of a horizontal roof composed, as in the previous embodiment, by the juxtaposition of several panels (27), the coupling and the connection of the panels together can always be effected by means of a joint cover with organs assembly, in combination with a metal support frame composed of two parallel sections.

 each of the profiles of each frame is, for example, directly attached to two opposite sides of the upper frame formed by the connecting profiles (1) of the wall panels (2).

 It is provided, at the right of each of the connections of the wall panels (2), to mount vertically and externally, a seal cover (28) held by an inner bearing plate (29), in combination with members assembly (30), (Figure 9).

 Similarly, the wall panels (2) may be outwardly equipped with corner posts (37), while plates bearing on the profiles or strips (38) are arranged at the inner corners of said panels. Fasteners (39) such as bolts provide the combined assembly of the joint covers (38) or plate and posts (37) at the corners of the panels (Figure 13).

 Galvanized joint covers (40) are also fixed in overlapping of the upper edge and the inner face of the connecting profiles (1), (FIG. 14).

 It is also envisaged, as shown schematically in Figure 15, to achieve, according to the invention, constructions with a roof double panS, for example, to almost double the living space. To do this, it suffices to couple the truss elements as defined in FIG.

 It is pointed out that the various sections (1) of assembly and positioning in juxtaposition of the wall panels (2), are all identical in their basic structure, only variations in length being provided, depending on the general shape defined for construction.

 Similarly, the upper assembly frame of the wall panels in combination or not with the trusses, may allow for example, fixing a false ceiling to hide the internal structure of the roof, or the fixing of shelves.

 These wall panels (2) are executed in all dimensions and materials.

 your advantages are apparent from the description, in particular it is emphasized - the low number and the low diversity of parts necessary for mounting the construction; - the ease of implementation by any person - the possibility of delivery in KIT; - the low cost price; - the aesthetics.

 The invention is in no way limited to that of its modes of application, nor to those of the embodiments of its various parts having been especially indicated; on the contrary, it embraces all variants.

Claims (9)

R E Y E N D I C A T IO U S  -1- Construction in prefabricated elements for the realization of bungalows, garages, shelters ..., characterized in that it comprises essentially profiles (i) mounting and positioning frame, each likely to cooperate with several wall panels (2) juxtaposed and prefabricated, and in particular with the upper and lower parts of said panels which are arranged for this purpose; said profiles (1) being assembled at their ends to form at least one upper frame and a lower frame, connected or not by uprights, means of assembly and positioning cooperating with the profiles (1) and the corresponding parts of the panels (2), being held there by fasteners, some of the assembly means relating to the profiles of the lower frame, allowing the positioning and fixing of a floor (8), while some of the assembly means relating the profiles of the upper frame allow the positioning and fixing of the elements or part of the roof (T).  REVENDICATIOS  Construction according to claim 1, characterized in that each section (1), which is generally metallic, has a transverse cross section which is flat and has, over substantially its entire length, longitudinal openings or slots (1a) of equal length or different, allowing the engagement and the centering ribs (2a) complementary section, formed projecting on the inner faces of the panels (2) juxtaposed, said ribs (2a) being established parallel to the horizontal edges of the upper and lower panels (2).  -3- Construction according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the ends of each section (1) have complementary means of perpendicular assembly, one of the ends having very slightly recessed from the edge, a vertical spacer (tic) leaving a mortise squared (here), while the other end of the profile has transverse overflow, a perpendicular vertical and perpendicular (nest), complementary, intended to cooperate by interlocking with said mortise (here) ; means such as bolts (3 - 4) ensuring the perpendicular assembly and the tightening of the ends of two adjacent sections.  -4- Construction according to any one of claims i and 2, characterized in that the ends of each section (1) have complementary means of perpendicular assembly, one of the ends having a squared edge (the) with a vertical spacer (if) leaving a squared mortise (if), while the other end of the profile has overflow, a post (ig) shaped to be engaged and centered in the mortise (ifs); means ensuring the rectilinear assembly and tightening of the ends of two adjacent and perpendicular profiles.  -5- Construction according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that angles (6) are positioned by their vertical flanges, against the inner face of the profiles (1) of the lower frame, there being held by connecting members (7) passing through the thickness of the panels (2) and lower ribs (2a) to allow simultaneous assembly on the panels, angles (6) and profiles (1); the horizontal flanges (6a) of the angles (6) for supporting and fixing a floor (8) in one or more parts.  -6- Construction according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that in the case of a roof (e) inclined, the latter consists essentially of a front plate (9), two transverse triangular plates (10) and (11) and roof elements themselves (15).  A construction according to claim 6 and any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the front plate (9) is mounted at the upper part of the series of right-angle panels ( 2), arranged laterally, while the side plates (10) and (11) are each mounted to the upper part of the series of panels (2) arranged transversely; tabs (12) doubly squared, ensuring the simultaneous attachment of the profiles (i) corresponding to the upper frame and plates (9), (10) and (1i).  -8- Construction according to claim 6 and any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, characterized in that the roof has end trolleys (31) and one or intermediate trusses (32); the end cradles (31) being positioned in abutment on the upper edge of the transverse joining profiles; square brackets (33) secure the clasps (31) with the front plate (9), while plates (34) simultaneously secure the entry (31a) of the truss with the profile ( i) and the corresponding series of panels (2); the plates (34) are supported both on the inner face of the profiles (1) and on that of the inlet (31a); assembly members cooperate with the said plates and the corresponding parts of the truss (31) and ribs (2a) of the panels engaged in the corresponding grooves (la) of the profiles (i); the bow thruster (31b) of the trestle (31) receiving by any known assembly member (35), the pinion plates (10) and (II).  -10- Construction according to claim 7, characterized in that one of the vertical wings (12a) of the tabs (12) bears against the inner faces of the profiles (1), while a locking means (13) assures the assembly of the panels with their corresponding centering ribs (2a) and lugs (12) relative to said profiles (1), the horizontal flange (12b) resting on the edge of the profiles ( 1) and panels (2), while the other offset vertical wing (12c) is fixed in the thickness of the plates (9), (10) and (11), by any locking means (14).  -9- Construction according to claim 8, characterized in that the intermediate trestle (s) (32) are constituted by lugs (32a) and (32b), parallel and spaced to leave a free space (32c) allowing the engagement and the fixing of partitions; the opposite ends of the trusses (32) are positioned partially resting on the edge of the corresponding profiles (1); tabs (36) being fixed respectively in the lower end portion of the truss (32) and in the thickness of the ribs (2a) of the panels engaged in the corresponding slots of the profiles (1) o  Construction according to claim 6 and any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10, characterized in that the roof is made from a single or a series of panels juxtaposed planes (15) fixed to the upper edge of the front plate (9) by profiled lugs (16), and on the opposite side, by other suitably profiled lugs (17), also ensuring, simultaneously, the fixing of the profile superior (1) to the corresponding series of wall panels (2); the outer sides of the roof end panels (15), which can be nested and fixed with respect to the thickness of the side plates (10) and (11), by means of offset tabs of suitable profiles.  -12- Construction according to claims 8 and 9 together and any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10, characterized in that the roof made from a single or a series juxtaposed flat panel elements (15) is fixed directly to the rafters of the end hinges (31) and intermediate (32).  -13- Construction according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, characterized in that the roof panels (15) are coupled and connected between them in juxtaposition, in a sealed manner, in particular by means of assembly and fastening members 20) mounted in a joint cover (19) positioned overlapping each junction line of the panels (15).  -14- Construction according to claim 13, characterized in that transverse beams are formed by profiles (21) and (22), similar to the profiles (1) of assembly, but arranged side by side in juxtaposition, said beams connecting the upper part of the front plate (9) and the upper edge of the directly opposite wall panels (2), also being inclined at the same angle as the inclined sides of the side plates (10) and (11).  Construction according to claim 13 and any one of claims 9 and 14, characterized in that one or more lower support plates (P) arranged overlapping on the lower edges of the profiles (21) and (22). ) juxtaposed or in dashed lines (32a) and (32b) of the intermediate trusses (32), cooperate with the assembly members (20) engaged between said profiles or said links to ensure the assembly and binding of the roof panels (15) in combination with said profiles (2i) and (22) or intermediate trusses (32).  -16- Construction according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 and 13, characterized in that in the case of a horizontal roof, the roof element or elements are attached to the upper part of the four sets of panels wall (2) by offset tabs, doubly squared (26), simultaneously allowing the attachment of the upper ribs (2a) of the panels (2) dane the openings of the assembly profiles (1) of the upper frame.  -17- Construction according to claims 13 and 16 together, characterized in that the beams formed by the profiles (21) and (22) are fixed firstly on the panel (9), via a stirrup (23a) overlap, and secondly, on the opposite, on the upper assembly frame, by means of a nozzle (24).  -18- Construction according to any one of claims 11 and 16, characterized in that the profiled tabs forassemblage roof panels also allow and simultaneously, the attachment of a peripheral strip (25).  -19- Construction according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that a gasket cover (28) is mounted vertically and externally to the right of each of the links of the wall panels (2) while being maintained by an internal bearing plate (29) in combination with assembly and clamping members (30).