FR2509345A1 - Method of wood frame construction of buildings - involves laying foundations and services with wood frame placed on top - Google Patents
Method of wood frame construction of buildings - involves laying foundations and services with wood frame placed on top Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2509345A1 FR2509345A1 FR8114207A FR8114207A FR2509345A1 FR 2509345 A1 FR2509345 A1 FR 2509345A1 FR 8114207 A FR8114207 A FR 8114207A FR 8114207 A FR8114207 A FR 8114207A FR 2509345 A1 FR2509345 A1 FR 2509345A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- frames
- slab
- construction
- profiles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
- E04B1/3522—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by raising a structure and then adding structural elements under it
- E04B1/3527—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by raising a structure and then adding structural elements under it the structure being a roof
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/64—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor for making damp-proof; Protection against corrosion
- E04B1/642—Protecting metallic construction elements against corrosion
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de construction d'immeubles à ossature en bois ainsi qu'aux moyens en vue de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé et à la construction ainsi obtenue. The invention relates to a method of construction of timber frame buildings and means for the implementation of this method and the construction thus obtained.
La construction à ossature en bois s'est développée jas- qu'à devenir la principale technique de construction utilisée pour l'habitation individuelle dans de nombreux pays. Wood frame construction has evolved into the main construction technique used for individual homes in many countries.
La rapidité de rnise en oeuvre de à la légèreté du procédé, les facilités d'adaptation au sol, la souplesse du plan qui en est issu, le coût relativement peu élevé sont les éléments qui ont favorisé son développement. The speed of implementation due to the lightness of the process, the ease of adaptation to the ground, the flexibility of the plan that comes from it, the relatively low cost are the elements that have favored its development.
Dans une maison à ossature en bois, tous les éléments porteurs situés au dessus de la dalle de fondation, c'est à dire les "murs", les planchers et la toiture, sont constitues de charpentes en bois et de contreplaqué, quelle que soit la nature du parement extérieur choisi. In a timber-frame house, all the load-bearing elements above the foundation slab, ie the "walls", the floors and the roof, are made of wood frames and plywood, whatever the nature of the exterior cladding chosen.
Le contreplaqué généralement de qualité extérieure, est cloué sur la charpente des "murs" et des planchers pour assurer le contreventement et la rigidité de l'ensemble. Les voiles rigides ainsi constitués sont capables non seulement de résister à des charges verticales accrues, mais également de transmettre aux cloisons et aux murs pignons, les surcharges dues au vent, par l'intermédiaire des planchers. Plywood generally of external quality, is nailed to the frame of "walls" and floors to ensure the bracing and rigidity of the whole. The rigid sails thus formed are able not only to withstand increased vertical loads, but also to transmit to the partitions and gable walls, the overloads due to the wind, through the floors.
Parmi les techniques de constructions à ossature en bois, l'invention se rapporte plus particulièrement mais non exc-lusivement, à ia technique de construction dite à plate-forme selon laquelle les murs et poteaux n'ont la hauteur que d'un étage, et peuvent aussi être facilement pré-fabriqués en dehors du chantier ou assemblés par sections sur le sous-plancher puis montés sur la hauteur d'un étage à la fuis. Among the wood frame construction techniques, the invention relates more particularly but not exclusively to the so-called platform construction technique in which the walls and posts are only one storey high. and can also be easily pre-fabricated off-site or assembled in sections on the subfloor and then mounted to the height of a floor at the bottom.
Un autre avantage essentiel de cette construction dite à plate-forme, est que le plancher, posé avant les murs de l'éage, forme une surface de travail sur laquelle les murs et les cloisons de l'étage peuvent aisément être assemblés et montés. Another essential advantage of this so-called platform construction is that the floor, placed before the walls of the floor, forms a work surface on which the walls and partitions of the floor can easily be assembled and mounted.
Dans ces constructions connues à ce jour, n déplore une mauvaise organisation des séquences de travail, une arrivée tardive au stade "c1s et couvert" et des difficultés de liai- son entre les éléments de parement tant entre eux qutavec les menuiseries extérieures. In these constructions known to date, deplores a poor organization of work sequences, a late arrival at the stage "c1s and covered" and difficulties of connection between the facing elements both between them and with the exterior joinery.
Un résultat que l'invention vise à obtenir est un procédé réorganisant les séquences d'équipement en vue de permettre aux divers corps de métier d'accomplir leur travail sans avoir pour cela à détruire partiellement celui de leurs prédécesseurs par exemple par l-e perçage de la dalle ou des cloisons pour le passage tardif de canalisations. One result that the invention aims to obtain is a process reorganizing the equipment sequences to allow the various trades to perform their work without having to partially destroy that of their predecessors for example by drilling the slab or partitions for the late passage of pipes.
Un autre résultat que l'invention vise à obtenir est un tel procédé permettant, sur chantier et sans matériel de pose; d'obtenir rapidement le stade du "clos-couvert" mettant ainsi la réalisation à l'abri des intempéries et des visites intem- pestives qui sont préjudiciables à la construction et à la bon- ne marche du chantier et Influent sur le prix de revient. Another result that the invention aims to obtain is such a method allowing, on site and without laying material; to quickly obtain the "closed-roofed" stadium, thus protecting the building from inclement weather and untimely visits which are detrimental to the construction and smooth running of the building site and Influence on the cost price .
Est également un résultat que l'invention vise à obtenir une esthétique liaison entre les divers éléments formant l'habillage extérieur de l'ossature de la construction tant entre eux qu'avec les menuiseries extérieures. It is also a result that the invention aims to achieve a aesthetic connection between the various elements forming the exterior cladding of the frame of the building both between them and the exterior joinery.
A cet effet, elle a pour objet un procédé de construction d'immeubles à ossature bois notamment caractérisé en ce qu'on réalise immédiatement des accès et réseaux ainsi que des fondations et la dalle avec un coffre préfabriqué en béton pour les compteurs, ensuite on élève les charpentes des ossatures verticales et on pose le plancher et la charpente de toiture avant de recouvrir le tout d'une feuille de matière plastique après quoi on pose les menuiseries extérieures puis des profi- iés entre lesquels on encastre le parement extérieur. For this purpose, it relates to a method of construction of timber frame buildings characterized in that it immediately achieves access and networks and foundations and the slab with a prefabricated concrete chest for the counters, then It raises the frames of the vertical frames and the floor and the roof structure are laid before covering the whole with a sheet of plastic material. After this, the exterior joinery is installed, followed by the profiles between which the exterior cladding is embedded.
Elle a également pour objet la construction ainsi obtenue et les éléments en vue de la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé. It also relates to the construction thus obtained and the elements for the implementation of this method.
L'invention sera bien comprise à laide de la description ci-après à titre d'exemple non limitatif en regard du dessin ci-annexe qui représente schématiquement
- figure 1 : la construction vue en coupe verticale partelle,
- figure 2 : la construction vue en coupe horizontale partielle,
- figure 3 : à plus grande échelle, un détail de la fi gure 2.The invention will be better understood using the following description by way of non-limiting example with reference to the drawing in the appendix which shows schematically
- Figure 1: the construction seen in vertical sectional partelle,
- Figure 2: the construction seen in partial horizontal section,
- Figure 3: on a larger scale, a detail of Figure 2.
En se reportant au detsin, cin remarque que la construc tion comprend sur le dessus ae ia dalle 1 des éléments c'ossa- ure verticale teis es charpentes des murs 2 et des cloisons 3 ainsi que les éléments d'ossature horizontale réalisant les charpentes des planchers 4 et de la toiture 5. Referring to the fact, the construction includes on the top a slab 1 of the vertical structural members of the frames of the walls 2 and of the partitions 3 and the horizontal framing elements forming the frameworks of the walls. floors 4 and roof 5.
Ces charpentes sont toutes constituées de pièces de bois qui recevront ultérieurement, sur leurs parois intérieure et extérieure, un parement de nature optionnel. These frames are all made of pieces of wood that will receive later, on their inner and outer walls, a cladding of optional nature.
Ces charpentes qui sont de préférence autoportantes com prennes des lisses 6, 7 entre lesquelles s'étendent des poutres ou montants 8, 9, 10 répartis selon un entraxe compatible avec la modulation choisie ainsi qu'avec les critères de résistance aux conditions de leur travail. These frames, which are preferably self-supporting, comprise rails 6, 7 between which beams or uprights 8, 9, 10 extend, distributed at a distance that is compatible with the modulation chosen, as well as with the criteria of resistance to the conditions of their work. .
Cet assemblage de lisses 6, 7 et poutres ou montants 8, 9, 10 est raidi angulairement par un panneau 11 de contreplaqué couvrant au moins partiellement l'une des faces de chaque charpente considérée. This assembly of rails 6, 7 and beams or uprights 8, 9, 10 is stiffened angularly by a panel 11 of plywood covering at least partially one of the faces of each frame considered.
Dans le cas d'un plancher intermédiaire, outre le raidissage, ce panneau a l'avantage de permettre d'utiliser la charpente correspondante comme plate-forme de travail pour la réa libation de l'étage supérieur. In the case of an intermediate floor, in addition to stiffening, this panel has the advantage of allowing the use of the corresponding framework as a working platform for the rehabilitation of the upper floor.
Parallèlement au contre-plaqué, les charpentes peuvent en outre comporter une feuille isoiante 11a telle un carton bitumé ou une feuille de matière plastique. Parallel to the plywood, the frames may further comprise an insulating sheet 11a such as a bitumen cardboard or a sheet of plastic material.
Dans ces charpen-tes sont évidemment réservées les ouvercures notamment pour les dormants des menuiseries. In these charpen-tes are obviously reserved the openings especially for the dormant joineries.
Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, les différentes séquences de l'équipement s'organisent comme sul
a) on réalise lmmédiatement, d'une part, les voies d'accès et les réseaux tant de distribution que d'évacuation et, d'autre part, les fondations puis une dalle en béton i en noyanc dans celle-ci et ce de préférence dans une position centrale par rapport aux pièces techniques telles les cuisine, salle de bain, etc. . . mais @mpérativement au long de l'un des bords de la dite dalle, la base d'un élément en béton armé préfabriqué 12 fondant un coffre ouvert au moins localement sur sa face externe 13 et présentant des passages de canalisations, sinon à son extrémité supérieure 14 du moins de son extrémité inférieure 15, ce coffre 12 étant en outre de section apte à rassemb@er au i S -es compteurs et les canalisations sous pression ou sous tension des réseaux de distribution reliés à l'extérieur, pour, notamment et ce, dès ct stade les protéger efficacemeil.. According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the various sequences of the equipment are organized as
a) Immediately, on the one hand, the access routes and the distribution and evacuation networks and, on the other hand, the foundations, then a concrete slab and a concrete slab, preferably in a central position compared to technical rooms such as kitchen, bathroom, etc. . . but mpératively along one of the edges of said slab, the base of a prefabricated reinforced concrete element 12 melting a trunk open at least locally on its outer face 13 and having channel passages, if not at its end upper 14 at least its lower end 15, this chest 12 being further section adapted to rassemb @ er S -s counters and piping under pressure or under tension distribution networks connected to the outside, for, in particular and this, from this stage to protect them efficacemeil ..
b) que ce soit par scellement, lors de la coulée de la dalle 1, ou par chevillage ultérieur, on fixe sur la dalle 1, à l'emplacement des murs extérieures 2, des sablières 16. b) either by sealing, during the pouring of the slab 1, or by subsequent peening, is fixed on the slab 1, at the location of the outer walls 2, sablières 16.
c) dans les sablières 16, que ce soit par clouage ou par vissage, on fixe les charpentes des éléments d'ossature verticale qui formeront les murs extérieurs 2 et s'il y a lieu des poteaux d'angle 17. c) in the sand pits 16, whether by nailing or screwing, the framing of the vertical framing members which will form the outer walls 2 and, if appropriate, the corner posts 17 are fixed.
d) si la construction comprend plusieurs niveaux, on pose et on fixe sur les charpentes de l'ossature verticale du rez de chaussée, le plancher 4 > de l'étage avant de monter sur celui-ci et de même manière une nouvelle série de charpentes d'ossature verticale. d) if the construction comprises several levels, the floor structure 4> of the storey shall be laid and fixed on the frames of the vertical structure of the ground floor, and a new series of structural framing.
e) après la pose des charpentes de l'ossature verticale du dernier étage, avec interposition éventuelle d'un plancher 4, on réalise-la charpente du toit 5 et ce, de préférence s'il y a un- comble aménageable, à l'aide d'une faitière recevant des éléments de versants de toit soit sous la forme d'une simple charpente soit sous la forme de panneaux pleins mais néanmoins non revêtus du parement ou, si le comble n'est pas aménageable, à l'aide d'une succession de fermettes 18. e) after the installation of the frameworks of the vertical framework of the last stage, with the possible interposition of a floor 4, the roof structure 5 is made and preferably, if there is an attic that can be converted, using a ridge receiving roof slope elements either in the form of a simple frame or in the form of solid but non-clad facing panels or, if the roof is not suitable for conversion, using a succession of small farms 18.
f) on recouvre l'ensemble d'une feuille de matière plastique pour qu'à ce stade, l'ensemble soit "couvert" et donc déjà mis hors d'eau. f) covering the whole of a plastic sheet so that at this stage, the assembly is "covered" and thus already put out of water.
g) de préférence, par l'intérieur pour des problèmes d'accessibilité et de démontabilité, on póse les menuiseries extérieures 19 dans les ouvertures 20 réservées à cet effet, dans les charpentes de l'ossature verticale, et cn fixe leur dormant 21 t cette ossature, pour que l'ensemble soit dès lors "clos". g) preferably, from the inside for problems of accessibility and dismountability, the outer joinery 19 is placed in the openings 20 reserved for this purpose, in the frames of the vertical frame, and cn fixed their dormant 21 t this frame, so that the whole is therefore "closed".
h) parallèlenent au dormant 21 de ces menuiseries et aux angles 17 de la construction, on pose des profilés 22, 23 tels es profilés cache-poteaux 22 et des profilés intermédiaires 23 qui, d'une par@, sont d'épaisseur suffisante pour rattraper l'épaisseur de l'habiliage choisi 24 et que recevront donc ex térieurement les charpentes des éléments d'ossature, et quoi, d'autre part, outre le rattrapage de l'épaisseur de l'habiliage extérieur 24, concourent à i 'étanchéité des menuiseries 19 et servent d'appui par exemple pour le sabbat des fenêtres. h) parallel to the frame 21 of these joineries and the corners 17 of the construction, we put profiles 22, 23 such as post cover profiles 22 and intermediate profiles 23 which, by one @, are thick enough to catch up the thickness of the habiliage chosen 24 and that will receive extreement framing frame elements, and what, on the other hand, in addition to the catching of the thickness of the outer dressing 24, contribute to i ' sealing joineries 19 and serve as support for example for the Sabbath windows.
i) cet habi@lage 24 est alors pose entre ces profilés 22, 23, et ce, que cet habillage soit formé de briques, d'éléments de bardage, de frises ho-rizontales de bois tel le cèdre rouge, ou de panneaux à peindre. i) this habi @ lage 24 is then posed between these profiles 22, 23, and this, this dressing is formed of bricks, cladding elements, ho-rizontal wood friezes such as red cedar, or panels to to paint.
j) c'est à ce stade, qu'on réalise la pose des canalisatiens passant dans les charpentes et des équipements non fragiles ainsi de l'isolant 25 tel la laine de verre ou de roche qui se loge dans les alvéoles des charpentes. j) it is at this stage, that the laying of canalisatiens passing in the frames and non-fragile equipment and the insulating 25 such as glass wool or rock which is housed in the alveoli of the frameworks.
k) après cela, on peut réaliser l'habillage 26 des parois intérieures des charpentes, par exemple avec des plaques de platre ou en aggloméré de bois. k) after this, it can achieve the cladding 26 of the interior walls of the frames, for example with plasterboard or chipboard.
l) en dernier lieu, on pose les éléments d'équipement qui sont fragiles que l'on raccorde, si besoin est, aux canalisations déjà posées et on pose les revêtements de sol et les cloisons sèches 3 divisant en plusieurs pièces le volume couvert. l) Lastly, the items of equipment which are fragile are connected, if necessary, to the pipes already laid and the floor coverings and the dry partitions 3 are installed, dividing the covered volume into several parts.
De préférence, lors de la distribution du volume par les cloisons 3, on réserve derrière le coffre 12 une gaine technique 27 à la base de laquelle dès avant la coulée de la dalle ont été regroupées toutes les souches des canalisations qui n entrent pas dans le coffre 12. Preferably, during the distribution of the volume by the partitions 3, behind the trunk 12 is stored a technical sheath 27 at the base of which from before the casting of the slab have been grouped all the strains of the pipes that do not enter the compartment. chest 12.
L'invention concerne également la construction obtenue à l'aide de ce procédé ainsi que les éléments en vue de la mise en oeuvre du procédé et tout partioulièrement les profilés cache-poteaux 22 et les profliés intermédiaires 23 dont la forme est choisie de man ère telle que les surfaces de parement 24 s'encastrenL entre elles. The invention also relates to the construction obtained by means of this method as well as the elements with a view to the implementation of the method and in particular the post-masking sections 22 and the intermediate profiles 23 whose shape is chosen in the following manner. such that the facing surfaces 24 are interlocked with each other.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8114207A FR2509345A1 (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1981-07-09 | Method of wood frame construction of buildings - involves laying foundations and services with wood frame placed on top |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8114207A FR2509345A1 (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1981-07-09 | Method of wood frame construction of buildings - involves laying foundations and services with wood frame placed on top |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2509345A1 true FR2509345A1 (en) | 1983-01-14 |
Family
ID=9260733
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR8114207A Withdrawn FR2509345A1 (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1981-07-09 | Method of wood frame construction of buildings - involves laying foundations and services with wood frame placed on top |
Country Status (1)
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FR (1) | FR2509345A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2314658A1 (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1974-10-10 | Lexsuco Inc | Protective material - formed of a plastic devulcanised scrap rubber and bituminous material |
DE2428038A1 (en) * | 1974-06-11 | 1976-01-02 | Fritz Gmbh Fertigbau | Flexible prefabricated-element building structural system - with connecting panel-shaped components between columns and overhead trusses |
FR2379663A1 (en) * | 1977-02-08 | 1978-09-01 | Celotex Corp | INSULATING WALL STRUCTURE FOR BUILDINGS |
EP0004216A1 (en) * | 1978-03-07 | 1979-09-19 | ETABLISSEMENTS D'ARDOREL Société Anonyme française | Cladding for thermally insulating and protecting a rigid construction or structure against adverse weather conditions and use of such a cladding for a house |
-
1981
- 1981-07-09 FR FR8114207A patent/FR2509345A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2314658A1 (en) * | 1973-03-23 | 1974-10-10 | Lexsuco Inc | Protective material - formed of a plastic devulcanised scrap rubber and bituminous material |
DE2428038A1 (en) * | 1974-06-11 | 1976-01-02 | Fritz Gmbh Fertigbau | Flexible prefabricated-element building structural system - with connecting panel-shaped components between columns and overhead trusses |
FR2379663A1 (en) * | 1977-02-08 | 1978-09-01 | Celotex Corp | INSULATING WALL STRUCTURE FOR BUILDINGS |
EP0004216A1 (en) * | 1978-03-07 | 1979-09-19 | ETABLISSEMENTS D'ARDOREL Société Anonyme française | Cladding for thermally insulating and protecting a rigid construction or structure against adverse weather conditions and use of such a cladding for a house |
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