FR2502253A1 - Heat powered rotary engine - has rotor with radial arms heated to displace weight and cause rotation of output shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat engine has a balanced rotor (2) with all or some of its components formed of solids which react to thermal changes. When heated the rotor moves a weight (10) to return to a position out of the heating effect. The rotation is caused by movement of the rotor components causing an imbalance within it. The rotor has radial arms attached to a central shaft which can carry weights at their ends and which are heated on one side of the rotor only.

Description

 The present invention relates to a heat engine whose heat system has a direct mechanical action.

 This engine, like all heat engines, works by borrowing calories from a hot source and transfer a part of them to a cold source, these loans and transfers being provided by a heating system that can be a fluid or other In most of the existing heat engines, the work generated by the heat transfer system must be transformed in order to be used. This transformation, carried out by mechanical or other means, causes energy losses and requires complementary mechanisms increasing the heat transfer capacity. cost price of the engine.

 The present invention aims to provide a motor whose heating system has a direct action, thus eliminating any energy conversion means and achieve a great simplicity of implementation.

 For this purpose, the heat engine according to the invention comprises, in addition to at least one balanced rotary member of which all or part of the solid components constitute the heating system, on the one hand, heating means acting only on a part of this member, so as to move at least a remarkable point of the latter relative to its normal position in the absence of heating, this displacement having the effect, by the imbalance it generates, to create a couple of rotational drive of the member, and secondly, a rotational movement output.

 The use of solid components to constitute the thermal agent, that is to say the heating system, allows to obtain a rotary movement directly on the output of movement, without having to use a crankshaft or other organ like it. is the case in thermal engines using traditional fluids having high coefficients of thermal elongation.

 Preferably, the heating system, constituting a heat transfer agent between the cold source and the hot source, is made of a solid material whose value of the quotient k between, on the one hand, the product of the coefficient of expansion by the thermal conductivity. expressed in z msom - s A ov and by the elastic ii hi Ge of this material expressed in daN / cm2 and, on the other hand, the product of the specific heat of this material expressed in cal./g. by its density expressed in g / cm3, is between 2z1Co5 and 0.3.

 In one embodiment of the invention, the rotary member is integral with a horizontal shaft which, mounted freely in rotation and constituting a movement output, comprises substantially independent independent arms, each bearing a mass whose radial displacement, due to at the temperature variation, causes a displacement of the center of gravity of the rotary member and the imbalance generating a torque, while the heating means are arranged so as to heat the rotary member only one side of a plane containing its axis of rotation.

When a part of the rotating member is subjected to a source of heat, the temporary expansion of the heated arms leads to a radial displacement of their center of gravity and that of the mass they carry, therefore to a displacement of the center of gravity the rotary member 0 results in an imbalance in the distribution of forces acting on the rotary member and in obtaining a torque that is transmitted directly to the shaft integral with the member.Duration rotation, the arms, leaving the heated zone, cool in the unheated zone and retract, thus accentuating the imbalance
This non-polluting heat engine, since it does not use fuel, can operate with a small difference in temperature between the cold source and the hot source, of the order of a few tens of degrees, but also with a difference in the order of several hundred degrees.

 The direct action of the heating system, that is to say the obtaining of rotary movements directly on the shaft of the rotary member associated with the heating system, makes it possible to produce this system in a metallic material, that is to say that is to say in a material that could not be used until now because of its low elongation.

 In another embodiment, the rotary member comprises a horizontal shaft rotatably mounted and constituting movement output, and radially spaced attachment means connected in pairs by elements temporarily deformable under the effect of the invention. heat, these arms, bound together in their crossing zone, being, in this crossing zone, at a directional force opposite the unheated zone.

 In this embodiment, the expansion of a portion of each temporarily deformable element leads to a displacement of the crossing zone of these deformable elements, therefore to a displacement of the point of application of the oriented force acting in this direction. zone.This displacement generates a permanent offset creating a sufficient torque to rotate the rotary member.

 Other features and advantages will emerge from the description which follows with reference to the appended schematic drawing showing, by way of non-limiting examples, some embodiments of the heat engine according to the invention.

Figure 1 is a perspective view with partial section showing a first embodiment of this engine0
Figures 2 to 5 are front elevational views schematically showing the deformations of the deformable elements of the motor of Figure 1 during the rotation of a quarter of a turn thereof.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional perspective view showing an alternative embodiment of the motor of FIG. 1,
Figure 7 is a front elevational view showing another embodiment of this engine,
FIG. 8 is a front view in elevation showing another embodiment of this motor,
Figure 9 is a partial sectional view along 9-9 of Figure 8,
Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of this engine fcrmé by the dutaposition of several motors of the type shown in Figure 1,
Figure 11 is a perspective view showing, schematically, an embodiment of this motor when associated with a device multiplying the speed of rotation of the movement it provides, the torque remaining cons1angt 12 is a view side elevation of the multiplier device of the rotational speed of the heat engine highlighting the operation of this device,
Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12 showing an alternative embodiment of this device,
Figures 14 and 15 are views, respectively of elevation and section along 15-15 of Figure 14 showing the application of this engine to the realization of a spit.

The heat engine, represented in FIG. 1, consists essentially of a rotary member designated, generally speaking, by 2, integral with a horizontal shaft 3 mounted to rotate freely in bearings 4. In this embodiment, the rotating member comprises radial arms 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d made of a material that is dimensionally stable or at least slightly deformable by the temperature under the operating conditions of the motor. The bent ends 6 of each of these arms, constituting attachment means radially spaced, are connected in pairs by elements temporarily deformable at temperature, generally designated 7 and having ~ the form of a thin strip whose larger surface portion is substantially orthogonal to the axis of rotation of 3.The elements are made integral, by any known means, in their crossing zone 8. In this zone, they support a mass 9 which, under the action of gravity, t locally, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, at a downward force F and whose point of application, referenced 10 in Figures 2 to 5, is in the center of the crossing zone 8 of the elements 7 when the rotating member is not subject to localized heating,
The bands constituting the elements 7 deformable temporarily are made of a material whose coefficient, satisfying the following equation: # = α x # x R α in which: c
is the linear expansion coefficient of the
terial,
: its thermal conductivity, expressed in cal.cm/cm2.s 0s
Re: its elastic limit expressed in dalo / cm2,
c: its specific heat expressed in cal / g. G
/: its density expressed in g / cm3 is between 2.10-5 and 0.3. Practically, these elements are made of aluminum alloy leading to a K coefficient of 0.06.

 The operation of this engine will now be explained with reference to Figures 2 to 5.In these figures, the elements 7 are shown at rest by fine lines and, during operation of the engine, by strong strokes.For the clarity of 1 explanation, each element is considered to consist of two band fragments arranged on either side of the connection zone 8, these different fragments being referenced 2a, 7c and 7d in correlation with the arms 5a to 5d underlying In these figures, the hatched bottom portion 11 schematizes the area of the rotary member subjected to a heat source, whether it comes from a heat radiation or a transfer by contact of the temporarily deformable elements, with a fluid It is obvious that the unhatched portion corresponds to the unheated zone which therefore constitutes the cold source necessary for the operation of this heat engine.

The link zone of the strips 7 coincides with the point of application of the oriented force. It is obvious that in these figures, the displacement #r of the point of application to the force r is deliberately exaggerated to better understand the Finally, the explanation corresponds to the normal operation of the organ, after start, apart from the phenomena of heating and cooling delay.

 In FIG. 2, representing with voluntarily exaggerated deviations the moment when the fragment of strip 7a has just passed the vertical because of the rotation of the rotary member in the direction of the arrow 12, the fragment 7> which penetrates in the heated zone at the shortest length, the one 7c which has already traveled a part of this heated zone is being lengthened, while that 7d leaving the heated zone It is at the maximum of the elongation and that having traveled half of its trajectory in the cold source, is being shortened, but is still at half of its elongation Under these conditions, the point of application of the force F is shifted laterally to the left of the FIG. 2 shows the elongation of the fragments 7a and 7d and is thus in its position farthest from the vertical axis x'-x, as shown by the distance f1 in FIG. 3, corresponding substantially to a pivoting of 300 arms of the rotary member 2, taking into account the reduction of the elongation of the arms 7a and 7d and the pivoting thereof, the point of application of the force F is spaced from the vertical axis x'-x by a distance 2 which is less than, and substantially equal to 0.6 # .A in FIG. 4 corresponding to a pivoting of 600 of the rotary support, the distance # r2 is substantially equal to 0.2; It should be noted that, in this position, the fragment 7c has undergone an extension with respect to the length it possessed in the positions shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, while the segment 7d continues to be shortened as well as the segment 7a.

 FIG. 5 shows the various fragments a few moments before the rotary member has rotated a quarter of a turn with respect to FIG. 2, that is to say just before the fragment 7d passes through the vertical x'- x .In this position, the fragment 7c is almost at its maximum elongation, while that 7a is almost at the end of its shortening, while the fragment 7d has practically lost half of its elongation and that 7b has In these conditions, the ppint 10 of application of the force is at the distance zrS of the vertical '-x, distance which is very weak. The continuation of the rotation movement brings the segments 7a, 7d and 7c in the position of the segments 7b, 7a and 7d respectively of Figure 2, position in which the point 10 is again farthest from the vertical x '-x.

 It follows from the above that the successive passages of each of the segments 7a to 7d in the hot source 11 and in the cold source, constituted for example by the ambient air, lead to a shift in the point of application of the force F with respect to the axis of rotation and thus give rise to a rotational torque driving the rotary member 2 and communicating a rotational movement on the shaft 3 secured to the latter.

 The direction of rotation of this motor which, in the drawing is indicated as being contrary to the direction of clockwise rotation, may of course be different. In fact, this direction depends on the position of the application point 10 of the force F at the time of rotation of the rotary member.To prevent the rotating member pivots in a different direction from that assigned to it, known means are provided on the shaft 3 to prevent it from rotating in the other direction and / or to stop it at a standstill in a position favoring its start in the right direction.It is obvious that the same results can be obtained by producing the deformable elements 7a, 7d in a material contracting under the effect of heat.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is differentiated from the preceding one by the fact that the oriented force comes from a traction spring 15.the latter is hooked by one of its ends to a finger 16 and, by its other end, at a fixed point 17.The finger 16 protrudes from the crossing zone 8 of the elements 7 and its longitudinal axis passes through the center of this fixed point zone is disposed in the median plane P containing the axis of rotation of the rotary member and, in the heated zone, so that the force generated by the spring is oriented towards this zone
When means for adjusting the tension of the spring are interposed between this spring and its attachment point 17, it is possible, by varying the value of the force generated by this spring, to modify the speed of rotation of the member. The oriented force may also be generated by cables, jacks, or other known means.

 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the rotary member is constituted by a hub 20 secured to a horizontal shaft 22 mounted free to rotate in bearings not shown. The hub hub is also integral with a plurality of radial arms 23 carrying each a mass 24.

 As mentioned above, these arms, which constitute the heating system, are made of a solid material whose value of the coefficient X, defined by the formula indicated above, is between 2 × 10 and 0.3.

 practically, these arms are made of an aluminum alloy whose K coefficient is 0.06.

This rotary member is subjected to heating means which are arranged so as to heat it only on one side of one of its planes containing its axis of rotation and, in this case, on the right side of the median plane
P2 shown in Figure 7. and organ is heated on the finely hatched part and referenced 25 in this figure.Seu the action of this localized heating, the arms are souiris, as and when they pass through the zone 25 at an increasing elongation of the value / distance 1 between the axis of rotation of the member and the center of gravity 26 of the mass 24 of the corresponding arm.

Conversely, each of the arms passing through the unheated zone constituting the cold source is brought back to its initial length. In FIG. 7, where it is supposed that the expansion or contraction of each of the arms 23 is instantaneous as soon as it enters the heated zone 25 or in the cold zone, the two semicircles in phantom respectively 27 and 28, highlight the differences in the trajectory of the masses.

 The increase j / of the distance 1 located on a part of the trajectory of the rotary member leads, on this part, to the creation of a pair of value equal to the product of the mass m of each of the masses 24 per g and by the variations .This torque tends to rotate the rotary member in the direction of the arrow 29.

 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the heat engine comprises two rotary members, 30a and 30b respectively, constituted by pulleys. These two pulleys are wedged on horizontal axes 32a and 32b, free in rotation, and are connected to each other. by a band 33 forming a belt and intersecting in the gap between the two pulleys.The strip is made of a material less deformable under the effect of heat than that constituting the two pulleys.In the form shown, the two rotary members are associated with heating means which are arranged so as to heat them only one side of the plane P3 containing their axes of rotation, that is to say on the hatched portion 34 appearing at the bottom of the figure 8. In an alternative embodiment, they can also be heated on opposite sectors, that 30a to the left of the plane P5 and 30b to the right of the plane P6.

Under the action of this localized heating, each of the pulleys is subjected, on a part of its trajectory, to a temporary increase of its radial dimensions so that, locally, its radius R takes the value R + # R
The tension 2 in the strands of the belt being constant, it is therefore created on each pulley u. motor torque of value equal to T (R sitR) - TR = TR, causing these pulleys in the direction of the arrows 35 and 36.

 It should be noted that the two pulleys can not operate independently of one another.

 All the thermal engines which have just been described thus operate by borrowing calories from a hot source and partially restoring them to a cold source, these calories being used to temporarily deform a part of the organ in order to engrain the body. displacement of at least one remarkable point constituted, either by the point of application of an external force, or by the center of gravity of the rotary member, of a particular element thereof such as a mass, or a fragment of this element.The heating means may be constituted by heat radiation of solar origin or other, or by a fluid, gaseous or liquid, heated by external means, from a device of cooling thatcontue, whose calories are generally lost, or a natural source.En other words, the energy required for the operation of the engine according to the invention can be artificially manufactured, be of natural origin It can be recovered by borrowing calories naturally released into the cooling systems existing, for example, from a thermal or atomic power station. When the external energy source of the rotary engine is constituted by calorific radiation, the rotary body is protected by a screen in its part which must not be subjected to this radiation.If necessary, the heat radiation can be accentuated or concentrated by optical systems, so as to increase the gap of tampering eMte the cold source and the source hot.

 When the heat energy comes from a liquid fluid 40, as shown in FIG. 10, the height of the heated zone of the rotary member 2 is determined by the immersion height of this member in the tank 42 containing the liquid hot.

 Such a motor provides a mechanical energy that is directly proportional to the temperature difference, that is to say the difference in temperature between the cold source and the hot source. It can therefore operate with a very small temperature difference. , on the order of a few tens of degrees, but also with a temperature difference of the order of several hundred degrees. To obtain a usable torque, or when the difference is too small, several rotary members are associated on a same output shaft, as shown in Figure 10.

In the embodiment shown corresponding to the combination of several heat engines shown in Figure 1, the rotary member is composed of two sets of radial arms 45, each integral with a horizontal shaft 46.Les two jeur, de oras radial are arranged face to face and so that their shafts 46 are coaxial and their arms vis-à-vis are arranged opposite each other.ves arms are connected by longitudinal sleepers 47 Arms and sleepers are made of a material whose K coefficient is lower than the minimum value indicated above, so as to deform as little as possible under the operating conditions. The arms and sleepers may be made of iron / nickel alloy, the best known being invar.

 The various longitudinal crosspieces 47 are connected in pairs by parallel strips 48a, 48b, 48c corresponding to the strips 7 of the embodiment shown in Figure 1 and made of the same material.

The strips arranged in the same plane, for example those 48a and 48'a in FIG. 10, are bound in their crossing zone and coport, at this point, a mass 49 with the same function as the mass 9 of FIG. , that is to say communicating in this crossing zone an oriented force generating a torque, due to the displacement of its point of application by the phenomena of expansion.

 The rotary member, formed by the combination of different elementary rotary members, is arranged, as indicated above, in a tank 42 supplied with hot liquid by a pipe 43. The tank-42 also comprises a pipe 44 for discharging the cooled liquid and two bearings 50 in which the shafts 46 are mounted free to rotate.While this tray 42 is filled with hot liquid to the level 11, and as indicated with reference to Figure 1, the various rotating members are subjected to a rotation torque tending to rotate, so that that of the shafts 46 constituting the output shaft receives a torque which is equal to the sum of the torques provided by each of the elementary rotary members.

This thermal engine, of simple construction, can for example be used to obtain a rotational movement by borrowing energy from the cooling circuit of a cooling tower of a thermal power plant or, more simply, from a source of energy. hot water of thermal origin or other0
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the heat engine according to the invention is associated with a device 51 accelerating the speed of rotation of the movement obtained on its output shaft 3. In FIG. 11, the heat engine represented corresponds to the embodiment of Figure 1, but it is obvious that it can be replaced by the motors shown in Figures 6, 7,8 or 10. Be 51 device consists of two pulleys 52 and 53 wedged, the first on a shaft extending the shaft 2, and the second on a shaft 54 parallel to the shaft 3.The shafts 3 and 54 are rotatably mounted in bearings 55 shown schematically0
The two pulleys, 52 and 53, have the same diameters at the bottom of the groove, the same dimensions and are made of the same material (preferably indeformable under the conditions of use). Two pulleys are connected by a belt 56 whose tension is set by a tensioner not shown, because known type.vette belt is made of a material whose tensile modulus strongly decreases depending on the temperature and, in particular, in a thermoplastic material or an elastomer.

By way of example, it may be made of polyamides whose traction modulus varies from 296 decanewton / mm 2 to
decanewton / mm2 decanewton / mm2 when the temperature goes from 2000 to 800C.

 The heat engine 2 and the device 51 are associated with heating means acting only on one of the strands of the belt. In this embodiment, they act only on one side of the plane P4 containing the axes. rotation of the shafts 3 and 54, and are constituted by a tank 42 containing a heated fluid 40 such as hot water.

The heat engine 2 and the device 51 are thus immersed in this tank by their lower part and so that the level of the liquid contained in this tray is substantially at the plane P4 containing their axes of rotation.

 When the heat engine 2 provides a torque in the direction of the arrow 57 of Figure 11 on the shaft 3, it fully communicates this torque to the pulley 52.This latter is rotated with a speed N. During its passage through the hot fluid contained in the tank 42, the belt 56 is subjected to an increase in its temperature which leads to a decrease in its tensile modulus and a variation in its length, so that each unit of length the submerged part of the belt is subjected, under the effect of the tension, to a variation of its length, and for example to an increase dl. furthermore, when the belt leaves the hot source and enters the ambient air constituting the cold source, the resulting exchange of calories brings it back to its initial temperature, which leads to an increase in its tensile modulus and to a variation in the opposite direction of its length, therefore to a decrease in its length. In other sermes, the length e which passes on the pulley 53 per unit of time is greater than the belt length which passes in the unit of time on the pulley 52. As a result, the pulley 53 is driven with a rotation speed N 'which is greater than the speed N in the ratio of ratio 1 + # 1. In addition, when the shaft 3 is driven by the heat engine 2 with a torque G, the shaft 54 is driven with a pair U of the same value, but provides a power greater than that of the shaft 3, since its power P2, equal to 2 # CN is greater than the power P1 provided by the shaft 3 equal to 2 # CN .

FIG. 13 shows an alternative embodiment of this device in which the pulley 52 tangents the level of the liquid 40, while being on the inside, while the pulley 53 is totally in this liquid and tangents its surface, so that the belt 56 enters the liquid after leaving the pulley 52 and comes out of the liquid after leaving the wheel
This device, in which the heat causes unequilibre by intervening on the variation of the modulus of traction of the material of the belt and on the instantaneous variation of the length thereof, following its expansion or contraction, can also be used with any other heat source.

 The heat engine according to the invention can, of course, have various applications, as in existing engines, and in particular, be used in countries with strong sunlight or with hot springs to drive water pumps, a generator or any other machine or apparatus.

 As shown in Figures 14 and 15, it can also be applied to the realization of a spindle assembly which it then constitutes the rotational drive member. For this purpose, it consists of a plate 60 integral with a spigot 62 mounted free to rotate in a bearing 63. On the periphery of the plate 6G are affeus the posterior ends of several bimetallic strips 64 and angularly spaced at the anterior ends thereof they support a plate 65.This last plate is hitched , in particular by an articulated system of the ball-and-socket type 66, at one end of a pin g whose other end is rotatably mounted in a bearing 68, by means of an articulated system such as a ball 69.

The bearings 63 and 68 are coaxial and each carried by a not shown support, capable of keeping the longitudinal axis y'-y of the assembly horizontal.
When this spindle assembly is disposed in front of a heat source, whose heat radiation is then lateral, is represented by the arrows 70 in FIGS. 14 and 15, and that the spit 67 has received the food 72 which must be fired. its operation is as follows: under the action of the heat radiation, the bimetallic strips 64, disposed closest to the radiation, are subjected to a deformation which causes the plate 65 to move in the direction of the arrow 73 of FIG. The displacement, which also deforms the unheated bimetallic members, leads to an offset of the ball 66 and, consequently, to a misalignment of the pin 67 with respect to the longitudinal axis, y'-y. the center of gravity G of the food 72 is shifted relative to the longitudinal axis y of the whole of the spindle, the value d.Il results that the food, by its own weight, creates a couple of rotation tending to rotate the whole of the turn e-spindle until its center of gravity returns to the vertical plane containing the y'-y axis. This rotation has the effect of bringing other bimetals vis-à-vis the radiation, which again causes a transverse shift of the food 72 and the generation of a new torque of tilt
it therefore appears that this heat engine is driven by a torque resulting from the shift of the center of gravity of the food which it must ensure the drive in rotation.De very simple design, this engine has a safe operation and requires no supply of energy other than that generated by the furnace or heating organ in front of which it is arranged
it should be noted that the same effects could be obtained by using a heat engine of the type shown in Figures 1 to 6 in which the deformable elements 7 and, in particular, the strip fragments 7a-7b, 7c-7d would not be parallel to the 5A-Sb-5c arms of the support, but perpendicular to them-C. In these conditions, the connection zone 8 of the various fragments is bonded to a member forming attachment point for the ball 66 of the spindle 67. The The driving force required for the operation of this motor is, again, constituted by the weight of the feed 2
A more general use motor can be made according to the same principle as the spindle of FIG. 14, a weight or spring exerting a force oriented perpendicularly to the radiation 70 and applied to the ball 66.

Claims (5)

 -REVENDIzA'DI01sS ~  1 ~ TWother thermal whose heating system has a direct mechanical action, characterized in that this engine comprises, besides at least one balanced rotary member: L; all or part of the solid components constitute the ealoriferous system, on the one hand, heating means acting instantaneously only on a sector of this organ, so as to displace at least one remarkable point (10-24) of the latter relative to its normal position in the absence of heating, this displacement having the effect, by the imbalance it generates, to create a torque for rotating the organ and, on the other hand, an output of rotary motion linked to the rotary member (3-22).  2-thermal engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating system, constituting a heat transfer agent between the cold source and the hot source, is made of a material whose value of the quotient K between, on the one hand , the product of the coefficient of expansion by the thermal conductivity expressed in cal.cm/cm2 xsx OC and by the elastic limit of this material expressed in daN / cm and, on the other hand, the product of the specific heat of this material expressed in cal./g. C by its density expressed in g / cm3, is between 2x10 5 and 0.3.  3-thermal engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the rotary member (2) is integral with a horizontal shaft (22) which, mounted freely in rotation and constituting movement output, comprises substantially independent independent arms (23) each carrying a mass (24) whose radial displacement (d 1), due to the variation of temperature, causes Xpar displacement of its center of gravity (26), the imbalance generating a torque, while the means heating means are arranged so as to heat the rotary member only on one side of a plane (P2) containing its axis of rotation.  4-thermal engine according to claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the rotary member (2) comprises a horizontal shaft (3), rotatably mounted and constituting movement output, and hooking means (6) spaced radially connected in pairs by elements (7) temporarily deformable under the effect of the cha their elements 7, bound together in their crossing zone (8), being subjected, in this crossing zone, to a directed force  5 - ;., thermal operator according to one of claims 1 2 and 4, characterized in that the elements (7) temporarily deformable comprise, in their crossing zone (), a mass (9) communicating to them a force oriented under the effect of gravity.  6motor engine according to all of claims 1,2 and 4, characterized in that the elements (7) temporarily deformable comprise, in their crossing zone (8), a hooking means (16) for one of the ends a member (15) developing a traction force, adjustable or not.  7-thermal engine according to all of claims 1,2,3 and 5, characterized in that it comprises two sets of radial arms (45) spaced longitudinally, whose shafts (46) are coaxial and whose opposite radial arms are connected in pairs by longitudinal crosspieces (47), themselves connected two by two by a plurality of temporarily deformable elements (48a-48b) arranged in parallel planes, while the deformable elements (48a-48al) arranged in a single plane and connected to each other in their crossing zone, carry in this zone a mass (49), and that the assembly thus formed is rotatably mounted in fixed bearings (50) and is subjected to heating means (4C) acting only on one side of one of the planes containing the axis of rotation.  8motor engine according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it consists of two pulleys (30a-30bBconstituant heating system, each secured to a shaft (32a-32b) and connected by a continuous band (33) belt and crossing between the two pulleys, while the heating means are arranged to heat each of these two pulleys only one side of the plane containing their axis of rotation.  9motor engine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that its movement output (3-22-32-46) is rotatably connected to a thermal device (51) accelerating its speed of rotation and consisting of two pulleys of the same diameter (52-53), each integral with a shaft, respectively inlet (3) and outlet (54), mounted free to rotate in bearings (55), by a connecting belt (56) two pulleys, and by heating means heating the belt only half of its length, so as to cause a temporary variation in the length of this belt leading to an increase in the speed of rotation of the driven pulley.  10heat engine according to claim 9, characterized in that the belt (56) of the thermal device accelerating the speed of rotation is made of a material having a tensile modulus which varies as the temperature increases.  12-thermal operator according to all of claims 1,2,4 and 11, characterized in that the elements (7) temporarily deformable are constituted by strips of my EriauA connecting the fastening means (6), spaced radially and arranged so that their large faces are perpendicular to the lateral heat radiation.  11motor engine according to all of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that in the case of its application to the constitution of a spindle, its axis of rotation (y'-y) is horizontal and is arranged laterally to the a source of heat, while, on the one hand, its movement output is constituted by a member which, linked to its remarkable point, forms a hooking element for one of the ends of a spindle (67) of which another end is rotatably mounted with possibility of inclination in a bearing (68) coaxial with that (63) of the normal output shaft (62) of the motor and, on the other hand, the force generating, by imbalance, the torque, is constituted by the weight of the food (72) arranged on the spindle  13-Thermal combiner according to claims 1,2 and 11, characterized in that it consists of a plate (60) mounted free in rotation and on the periphery of which are fixed the posterior ends of several bimetas (64) longitudinal and spaced apart angularly, whose anterior e-tremities support another tray (ES) in the center of which is coupled the spindle (67).