FR2466636A1 - Tidal and wave power generator - uses float forcing screw through longitudinally fixed wheel with ratchet for unidirectional rotation - Google Patents

Tidal and wave power generator - uses float forcing screw through longitudinally fixed wheel with ratchet for unidirectional rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2466636A1
FR2466636A1 FR7924664A FR7924664A FR2466636A1 FR 2466636 A1 FR2466636 A1 FR 2466636A1 FR 7924664 A FR7924664 A FR 7924664A FR 7924664 A FR7924664 A FR 7924664A FR 2466636 A1 FR2466636 A1 FR 2466636A1
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Prior art keywords
float
vertical
support
screw
transmission
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Granted
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FR7924664A
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French (fr)
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FR2466636B1 (en
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AUBERTIN EDOUARD
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AUBERTIN EDOUARD
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The generator uses a large float (1) which moves vertically up and down with the wave motion. Fixed to the float is a vertical structure (4) which rises and falls with it. A long vertical screw (6) is fixed to this structure and it passes through a threaded wheel (7) which is free to rotate but fixed by a platform (3) to the sea bed. As the float rises and falls the screw (6) is forced through the threaded wheel, causing it to rotate. Pulleys (9,10) are connected to the wheel drive of an electric generator (15) through belts (11,12) and pulleys (13,14). Ratchet mechanisms are provided on the wheels driven by the screw so that they rotate in one direction only, and by twisting one of the drive belts (11) unidirectional rotation of the generator is obtained.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif pour produire de I'énergie électrique à partir de l'énergie de la houle et des marées. The present invention relates to a device for producing electrical energy from the energy of waves and tides.

L'énergie considérable contenue dans les vagues et les marées,a retenu depuis longtemps l'attention des cher cheurs,toutefois la grande irrégularité dki phénomène rend son exploitation difficile,surtout lorsqu'on désire produire de l'énergie électrique,qui est la forme d'énergie la plus facile à transporter. The considerable energy contained in the waves and the tides, held for a long time the attention of the dear seekers, however the great irregularity dki phenomenon makes its exploitation difficult, especially when one wishes to produce electric energy, which is the form easiest to transport.

Dans une usine marémotrice,la marée remplit un réservoir supérieur dont l'eau se déverse ensuite dans un réservoir inférieur en passant dans des turbines accouplées à des générateurs électriques et le rendement du groupe turbine-générateur limite les performances du système. In a tidal power plant, the tide fills an upper reservoir, the water then pours into a lower reservoir, passing through turbines coupled to electric generators, and the efficiency of the turbine-generator group limits the performance of the system.

Dans la plupart des installations proposées pour exploiter l'énergie des vagues,on emploie celle-ci à actionner une pompe qui refoule l'eau dans un réservoir supérieur, d'où elle est turbinée comme indiqué ci-dessus,si bien qu'on multiplie un rendement limité de l'ensemble turbinegénérateur,par celui également limité de la pompe. In most of the installations proposed for harnessing wave energy, this is used to activate a pump which pumps water into an upper reservoir, from which it is turbinated as indicated above, so that multiplies a limited efficiency of the turbine generator set, by that also limited of the pump.

Parmi les systèmes proposés,les différences portent surtout sur le mode d'entralnement de la pompe
Selon le cas,on utilise les variations de position de corps flottants par rapport à un bâti fixe ,le corps flottant pouvant osciller,pivoter ou tourner autour de ce bâti fixe,ou bien les variations de position relative de deux corps flottants voisins l'un de l'autre.Among the proposed systems, the differences relate mainly to the mode of pumping.
Depending on the case, variations in the position of floating bodies relative to a fixed frame are used, the floating body being able to oscillate, pivot or rotate around this fixed frame, or alternatively variations in the relative position of two neighboring floating bodies, one the other.

Dans certains cas, on a recours aux variations de pression de l'air dans un dispositif formant cloche à la surface. In some cases, variations in air pressure are used in a surface bell device.

Tous ces appareils ont en commun de prévoir plusieurs organes successifs pour transformer l'énergie des vagues en énergie électrique,avec des passages intermédiaires de l'énergie sous d'autres formes , d'où complication et abaissement du rendement global. All these devices have in common the provision of several successive organs for transforming wave energy into electrical energy, with intermediate passages of energy in other forms, hence complication and lowering of the overall yield.

La présente invention a pour objet de fournir un dispositif plus simple que ceux qui ont été proposés jusqu'ici,et qui permette une transformation directe de l'énergie des vagues et des marées en énergie électrique.  The object of the present invention is to provide a simpler device than those which have been proposed hitherto, and which allows a direct transformation of the energy of waves and tides into electrical energy.

La présente invention fournit un dispositif pour produire de l'énergie électrique à partir de l'énergie de la houle et éventuellement des marées, comprenant un flotteur capable de se déplacer verticalement par rapport à un support, et des moyens pour entraîner un générateur électrique porté par le support sous l'action des mouvements relatifs du flotteur, ce dispositif comprenant un ensemble formé d'une vis hélicoïdale disposée verticalement et d'une transmission à billes, capable de transformer les mouvements verticaux relatifs du flotteur par rapport au support en mouvement de rotation, autour d'un axe vertical, et des moyens de transmission desdits moyens de rotation au générateur électrique, ces moyens comprenant une roue libre disposée pour imprimer au générateur des rotations de sens constant. The present invention provides a device for producing electrical energy from the energy of waves and possibly tides, comprising a float capable of moving vertically relative to a support, and means for driving a mounted electric generator. by the support under the action of the relative movements of the float, this device comprising an assembly formed of a helical screw arranged vertically and of a ball transmission, capable of transforming the relative vertical movements of the float relative to the support in movement of rotation, about a vertical axis, and means for transmitting said means of rotation to the electric generator, these means comprising a free wheel arranged to impart to the generator rotations of constant direction.

Le support peut êtrefixé ou bien constitué luimeme d'un autre corps flottant. Deux corps flottants voisins l'un de l'autre ont en permanence des mouvements verticaux relatifs du fait de la houle, mais, dans ce cas, l'énergie provenant des marées sera évidemment négligeable, alors qu'elle peut constituer un appoint si le support est fixe. The support can be fixed or else itself made up of another floating body. Two floating bodies neighboring each other have permanent relative vertical movements due to the swell, but, in this case, the energy coming from the tides will obviously be negligible, whereas it can constitute a backup if the support is fixed.

L'invention sera exposée plus en détail à l'aide d'un exemple non limitatif de réalisation expérimentale, illustré par les figures annexées parmi lesquelles
Fig. 1 est une vue de côté du dispositif d'essai;
Fig. 2 montre des diagrammes du mouvement des flotteurs.The invention will be explained in more detail using a nonlimiting example of an experimental embodiment, illustrated by the appended figures among which
Fig. 1 is a side view of the test device;
Fig. 2 shows diagrams of the movement of the floats.

Le dispositif qui fait l'objet de la figure 1 comprend un flotteur 1. Le flotteur peut coulisser verticalement le long de glissières verticales 2, lesquelles sont maintenues en place par un châssis rigide 3. Le flotteur porte deux montants verticaux 4 reliés à leur partie supérieure par une traverse 5 sur laquelle est fixée rigidement une vis hélicoidale verticale 6 protégée par une gaine (non représentée). Celle-ci traverse une transmission à billes 7, portée-par le châssis sans déplacement vertical possible, qui transforme les mouvements verticaux de la vis 6 en mouvement de rotation d'un arbre creux 8 concentrique à la transmission 7.Cet arbre creux est relié à deux poulies de transmission 9, 10,coaxiales, par deux dispositifs à roue libre disposés pour agir en sens inverse si bien que l'une des roues 9,10 est entraqnée dans un sens déterminé lorsque le flotteur monte et est libre lorsqu'il descend, alors que l'autre est entratnéedans le sens opposé lorsque lue flotteur descend et est libre lorsqu'il monte.Ces deux roues sont reliées par des courroies 11,12 àdes poulies 13,14 montEes sur l'axe d'un générateur électrique 15. L'une des courroies 11,12 est croisée,l'autre ne l'était pas,si bien quele motnr 15 est toujours entralrri dans le meme sens de rotation. The device which is the subject of Figure 1 comprises a float 1. The float can slide vertically along vertical rails 2, which are held in place by a rigid frame 3. The float carries two vertical uprights 4 connected to their part upper by a cross 5 on which is rigidly fixed a vertical helical screw 6 protected by a sheath (not shown). This crosses a ball transmission 7, carried by the chassis without possible vertical displacement, which transforms the vertical movements of the screw 6 into the rotary movement of a hollow shaft 8 concentric with the transmission 7. This hollow shaft is connected with two transmission pulleys 9, 10, coaxial, by two freewheeling devices arranged to act in opposite directions so that one of the wheels 9,10 is driven in a determined direction when the float rises and is free when it goes down, while the other is driven in the opposite direction when the float goes down and is free when it goes up. These two wheels are connected by belts 11,12 to pulleys 13,14 mounted on the axis of an electric generator 15. One of the belts 11,12 is crossed, the other was not, so that the motnr 15 is always buried in the same direction of rotation.

Avec un dispositif tel que ci-dessus, on a déterminé les caractéristiques de fonctionnement dans divers exemples de cas pratiques, pour un dispositif d'essai. With a device such as above, the operating characteristics have been determined in various examples of practical cases, for a test device.

Les paramètres sont les suivants données constantes : vagues de période 5 secondes, amplitude 1 m, masse du flotteur 1000 kg, vis à billes de pas 0,20 mètre, ayant un rendement de 80%, transmission par courroies ayant un rapport multiplicateur de 6. The parameters are the following constant data: waves of period 5 seconds, amplitude 1 m, mass of the float 1000 kg, ball screw of pitch 0.20 meters, having an efficiency of 80%, transmission by belts having a multiplier ratio of 6 .

données variables
Essai nO 1 2 3 4 5 6 - inertie du volant (kg.m2) 5. 5 5 2 2 2 - forme du flotteur (section, m2x hauteur m) 4x0,5 4x0,5 4x0,5 4x0,5 4x0,5 2x1 - couple de sortie exigé (M.Newton) 25 35 39 35 39 35
Le thème des six essais a été le suivant démarrage sans demander de puissance,pour lancer le volant, qui atteint. une vitesse de 2250 T/min. environ,puis, au bout de 250 sec, demande de puissance variable selon les essais.variable data
Test nO 1 2 3 4 5 6 - flywheel inertia (kg.m2) 5. 5 5 2 2 2 - shape of the float (section, m2x height m) 4x0.5 4x0.5 4x0.5 4x0.5 4x0.5 2x1 - required output torque (M.Newton) 25 35 39 35 39 35
The theme of the six tests was the following start without asking for power, to launch the steering wheel, which reached. a speed of 2250 rpm. approximately, then, after 250 sec, request for variable power according to the tests.

La vitesse chute alors rapidement pour atteindre une vitesse de régime vers 350-400 sec. après le début. La stabilité a été évaluée en déterminant la vitesse toutes les demi secondes à partir de la 995ème.The speed then drops rapidly to reach a speed of around 350-400 sec. after the start. Stability was assessed by determining the speed every half second from the 995th.

Les résultats font l'objet du tableau ci-dessous:
Essai nO 1 2 3 4 5 6
Puissance fournie
KW 3,9 4,2 1,4 4,2 0,89 1,77
Vitesse en régime permanent (T/min.) 1505 1146 341 1153 218 485 Ecarts de vitesse +1,0% +1,0% + 2% + i 2% + 8% + 6 %
Onconstate que la puissance atteinte maximale est de l'ordre de 4 KW pour un flotteur de 1000 kg.The results are shown in the table below:
Test No. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Power supplied
KW 3.9 4.2 1.4 4.2 0.89 1.77
Continuous speed (RPM) 1505 1146 341 1153 218 485 Speed deviations + 1.0% + 1.0% + 2% + i 2% + 8% + 6%
Onconstate that the maximum power reached is around 4 KW for a 1000 kg float.

Cette puissance augmente avec le couple exigé jusqu'à un maximum, puis s'effondre si le couple exigé continue d'augmenter. This power increases with the required torque to a maximum, then collapses if the required torque continues to increase.

La figure 2 montre, courbe A le niveau de la vague en fonction du temps, courbe B la position du centre de gravité du flotteur,en fonction du temps pendant les premières secondes d'un des essais 1 à 4, courbes C, D, E, la position du centre de gravité dans les conditions de régime correspondant respectivement aux essais 1, 2 et 3. FIG. 2 shows, curve A the level of the wave as a function of time, curve B the position of the center of gravity of the float, as a function of time during the first seconds of one of the tests 1 to 4, curves C, D, E, the position of the center of gravity under the operating conditions corresponding to tests 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

La comparaison des courbes C, D, E montre que l'excès de couple exigé aboutit à une quasi immobilisation du moteur qui ne suit pratiquement plus le mouvement des vagues. The comparison of curves C, D, E shows that the excess torque required results in an almost immobilization of the motor which practically no longer follows the movement of the waves.

Ainsi, l'invention fournit une puissance électrique appréciable pour un-investissement extrêmement bas, puisque, à part la transmission à billes, dont les caractéristiques sont très proches de celles qu'on trouve déjà dans le commerce, tous les éléments sont d'un prix de revient très faible. Thus, the invention provides appreciable electrical power for an extremely low investment, since, apart from the ball transmission, the characteristics of which are very close to those already found on the market, all the elements are of a very low cost price.

L'invention permet de fournir de l'électricité aussi bien à des stations situées sur le rivage qu'à des installations isolées en mer, soit fixées au fond soit flottantes, à condition dans ce dernier cas qu'il y ait une différence de masse suffisante entre l'installation elle-même et le flotteur.The invention makes it possible to supply electricity both to stations located on the shore and to isolated installations at sea, either fixed to the bottom or floating, provided in the latter case that there is a difference in mass sufficient between the installation itself and the float.

On observera que dans l'exemple ci-dessus, la vis 6 est immobilisée en rotation ét la transmission à billes 7 entraine l'arbre creux 8. I1 est évidemment possible de prévoir la disposition inverse, c' est-à-dire avec la transmission à billes solidaire du flotteur, entralnant en rotation la vis hélicoïdale montée à pivot sur le châssis, sans translation possible et reliée à l'arbre creux. Cette disposition diminue la masse totale des pièces en mouvement alternatif, mais exige des roulements à chaque extrémité de la vis, elle est donc plus adaptée au cas de vagues à fréquence élevée.  It will be observed that in the example above, the screw 6 is immobilized in rotation and the ball transmission 7 drives the hollow shaft 8. It is obviously possible to provide the reverse arrangement, that is to say with the ball transmission secured to the float, rotating the helical screw pivotally mounted on the chassis, without possible translation and connected to the hollow shaft. This arrangement reduces the total mass of the parts in reciprocating motion, but requires bearings at each end of the screw, it is therefore more suitable for high frequency waves.

Claims (5)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Dispositif pour produire de l'énergie électrique à partir de l'énergie de la houle et éventuellement des marées, comprenant un flotteur capable de se déplacer verticalement par rapport à un support, et des moyens pour en tralner un générateur électrique porté par le support sous l'action des mouvements relatifs du flotteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un ensemble formé d'une vis hélicoïdale disposée verticalement et d'une transmission à billes, capable de transformer les mouvements verticaux relatifs du flotteur par rapport au support en mouvement de rotation, autour d'un axe vertical, et des moyens de transmission desdits moyens de rotation au générateur électrique, ces moyens comprennent une roue libre disposée pour imprimer au générateur des rotations de sens constant. 1. Device for producing electrical energy from the energy of waves and possibly tides, comprising a float capable of moving vertically relative to a support, and means for driving an electric generator carried by it support under the action of relative movements of the float, characterized in that it comprises an assembly formed by a helical screw arranged vertically and a ball transmission, capable of transforming the relative vertical movements of the float with respect to the support rotational movement, about a vertical axis, and means for transmitting said means of rotation to the electric generator, these means comprise a free wheel arranged to impart to the generator rotations of constant direction. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vis hélicoïdale est reliée rigidement au flotteur,alors que la transmission à billes est fixée au support sans déplacement vertical possible, si bien que les mouvements verticaux de la vis sont transformés en mouvements de rotation de ladite transmission. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the helical screw is rigidly connected to the float, while the ball transmission is fixed to the support without possible vertical displacement, so that the vertical movements of the screw are transformed into movements of rotation of said transmission. 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un châssis pourvu de glissières verticales qui servent de guide au support, ce châssis portant à sa partie supérieure la transmission à billes et deux roues libres entrant en action chacune dans un sens de rotation opposée de ladite transmission-à billes et reliées à des poulies d'entraînement du générateur électrique et en ce que la vis hélicoïdale est disposée au-dessus du châssis et reliée au flotteur par des montants verticaux. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a chassis provided with vertical slides which serve as a guide for the support, this chassis carrying at its upper part the ball transmission and two free wheels each coming into action in one direction of opposite rotation of said transmission-ball and connected to drive pulleys of the electric generator and in that the helical screw is disposed above the chassis and connected to the float by vertical uprights. 4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la vis hélicoïdale est montée sur le support pour pouvoir tourner sur son axe sans déplacement vertical, alors que la transmission à billes est reliée rigidement au flotteur, si bien que les mouvements verticaux de la transmission sont transformés en mouvement de rotation de la vis.  4. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the helical screw is mounted on the support to be able to rotate on its axis without vertical displacement, while the ball transmission is rigidly connected to the float, so that the vertical movements of the transmission are transformed into rotational movement of the screw. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un châssis pourvu de glissières verticales qui servent de guide au support, ce châssis portant à sa partie supérieure la vis hélicoïdale et deux roues libres entrant en action chacune dans un sens de rotation opposé de ladite vis hélicoldale et reliées à des poulies d'entraînement du générateur électrique et en ce que la transmission à billes est disposée au-dessus du châssis et reliée au flotteur par des montants verticaux.  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a chassis provided with vertical slides which serve as a guide for the support, this chassis carrying at its upper part the helical screw and two free wheels each coming into action in a direction of opposite rotation of said helical screw and connected to drive pulleys of the electric generator and in that the ball transmission is arranged above the chassis and connected to the float by vertical uprights.
FR7924664A 1979-10-03 1979-10-03 Tidal and wave power generator - uses float forcing screw through longitudinally fixed wheel with ratchet for unidirectional rotation Granted FR2466636A1 (en)

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FR7924664A FR2466636A1 (en) 1979-10-03 1979-10-03 Tidal and wave power generator - uses float forcing screw through longitudinally fixed wheel with ratchet for unidirectional rotation

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FR7924664A FR2466636A1 (en) 1979-10-03 1979-10-03 Tidal and wave power generator - uses float forcing screw through longitudinally fixed wheel with ratchet for unidirectional rotation

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FR2466636A1 true FR2466636A1 (en) 1981-04-10
FR2466636B1 FR2466636B1 (en) 1981-10-16

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3220381A1 (en) * 1981-06-01 1982-12-23 Gustav Dabringhaus Revocable Trust, 48009 Birmingham, Mich. SHAFT MOTOR
WO2007084013A1 (en) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Lindsay Tadman Electricity generator
WO2008022550A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-28 Wang Lee An ocean wave power generator
FR3079269A1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-09-27 Francisco Paton APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC ENERGY USING WATER LEVEL MARKING
CN110425077A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-11-08 山东大学 A kind of float type wave energy power generation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR474001A (en) * 1913-09-18 1915-02-04 Alexandre Candelon Device for the transformation of energy resulting from wave movement
GB238337A (en) * 1924-06-24 1925-08-20 Samuel Barton Caldwell Wave motor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR474001A (en) * 1913-09-18 1915-02-04 Alexandre Candelon Device for the transformation of energy resulting from wave movement
GB238337A (en) * 1924-06-24 1925-08-20 Samuel Barton Caldwell Wave motor

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3220381A1 (en) * 1981-06-01 1982-12-23 Gustav Dabringhaus Revocable Trust, 48009 Birmingham, Mich. SHAFT MOTOR
WO2007084013A1 (en) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Lindsay Tadman Electricity generator
WO2008022550A1 (en) * 2006-08-17 2008-02-28 Wang Lee An ocean wave power generator
FR3079269A1 (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-09-27 Francisco Paton APPARATUS FOR GENERATING ELECTRIC ENERGY USING WATER LEVEL MARKING
CN110425077A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-11-08 山东大学 A kind of float type wave energy power generation
CN110425077B (en) * 2019-07-22 2024-04-09 山东大学 Float type wave energy power generation device

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