FR2489210A1 - LIQUID EXTRACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A. THE PRESENT INVENTION RELATES TO AN EXTRACTOR FOR LIQUID FROM SOLID MATERIAL, INCLUDING A RECEPTION TANK 1 FOR SOLID MATERIAL FROM WHICH THE LIQUID MUST BE EXTRACTED, A SERIES OF FILTER ELEMENTS 2 ARRANGED IN PLANS GENERALLY VERTICAL AT L 'INSIDE THE TANK, A SUPPORT 6 AS WELL AS A PRESSING BODY 3 OF THE ELEMENTS. B. FOLLOWING THE INVENTION, THE FILTER ELEMENTS INCLUDE IN PARTICULAR A TUBULAR SHEATH OF A MATERIAL PERMEABLE TO THE LIQUID AND AN INTERNAL REINFORCEMENT IN THE SHEATH, THE REINFORCEMENT SENSITIVELY EXTENDING THE ENTIRE LENGTH OF THE SHEATH. C. THE INVENTION APPLIES TO EXTRACTORS OF LIQUID FROM SOLID MATERIAL.

Description

The present invention relates to a liquid extractor from

  solid material, comprising a tank for receiving solid matter from which the liquid must be extracted, a series of filtering elements arranged inside the tank, a support and a pressing member for

filter elements.

  The scope of this type of device extends in particular to the separation of the liquid phase from fruits or other materials in the more or less solid state, the separation of solids (gravel, sludge, dust) remaining in wash water in quarry or mining operations, etc. In separators of liquid material and solid material and in particular in the juicers currently used, the pressing members are constituted by

  vertical grooved walls, the filter elements being

  stowed by filter bags placed between the walls of

  pressing. The various known liquid extractors present

  Several drawbacks including a reduced surface filtration, or a reduced volume of the mass to be filtered and a limitation of the clamping time, which allow only a limited drying volume and dry matter percentage of the mass to filter. Moreover, these systems do not allow

  always a complete automaticity.

  The present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages and to provide a liquid extractor comprising

  a series of filter elements arranged in general plans.

  vertically within the container for receiving the solid material, and a support and a pressing member of the filter elements, to substantially increase the filtration area compared to known systems, to exert a slow pressure and progressive, distributed over a large part of the mass to be filtered, and to obtain a percentage of extraction substantially higher compared to the percentages obtained with

  the extractors currently used.

  For this purpose, according to the invention, the filamentary elements

  tractors of the extractor comprise a tubular sheath of liquid-permeable material and an internal reinforcement in the sheath, the armature extending substantially over the entire length

of the sheath.

  Following a first elaboration of the invention

  The reinforcement of the filter elements comprises at least one chain, and preferably three to five chains, the length of each of which corresponds substantially to the length of the sheath which is open at its lower part, these chains being each suspended by them. upper end.

  According to a second embodiment of the invention

  the reinforcement of the filter elements comprises at least one helical element, such as a spring, the turns of the helical element each having a substantially equal diameter, which is

  slightly smaller than the diameter of the tubular filter element.

  According to another advantageous embodiment of the invention, the receiving tank of the solid material is of parallelepipedal, cubic or cylindrical shape and the organ

  pressing comprises a pressing plate of the filter elements

  trants, arranged between two opposite sides of the tank or between the two bases thereof depending on whether the tank is

  either parallelepipedal or cubic in shape or cylindrical in shape

  of substantially equal area and substantially parallel

  and these, as well as means designed to train

  the pressing plate, in a substantially perpendicular direction

  to the longitudinal axis of the filter elements, arranged outside the tank, the filter elements being of a

  height substantially equal to the height of the tank.

  According to another particular embodiment

  advantageous embodiment of the invention, the driving means of the pressing plate are attached to one of said lateral faces

  of the parallelepipedal or cubic reservoir and the

  trants are arranged between the pressing plate and the side face of the tank opposite the face to which the drive means are fixed, the pressing plate being driven

  by said means along the other two opposite lateral faces

  from the initial position close to the side face of the tank to which the drive means are fixed, towards a final pressing position of the elements.

  filter intermediates between the two aforementioned lateral faces.

  According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention,

  the receiving tank of the solid material is parallelepipedal, cubic or cylindrical and the pressing member comprises a pressing plate filtering elements, an area substantially equal to the base of the reservoir and disposed substantially perpendicular to the axis of the latter,

  as well as means arranged to drive the pressure plate

  within the tank in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter elements, disposed outside the tank, the filter elements being of a

  height substantially equal to the height of the tank.

  In a particularly advantageous embodiment

  the pressing plate serves as a support for the

  trants and filter elements are regularly

  spread over the entire surface of it.

  The present invention also provides a liquid extractor of the aforesaid type, in which the filtering elements

  are arranged in substantially vertical planes at the direction

  drive element, the filter elements

  trants comprising, for this purpose, a sheath of permeable or liquid material of an area substantially equal to the pressing plate and substantially parallel thereto, and an internal frame to the sheath, the frame, to the inside the sheath, being covered with a mesh element, such as a cloth

or a lattice.

  According to a preferred embodiment, said armature comprises on a part of its periphery, at least one

  chain or a helical element, such as a spring.

  Other details and particularities of the invention

  from the description of the drawings annexed to this

  which, by way of nonlimiting examples, represent two particular embodiments of the extractor of

liquid of the invention.

  FIG. 1 represents a diagrammatic perspective view

  with partial breakage of a liquid extractor

  parallelepiped according to the invention, the pressure plate of which

  wise is driven in a direction perpendicular to the axis

filter elements.

  - Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view, with partial breaks, a cylindrical liquid extractor of the invention, the pressing plate is driven in a direction parallel to the axis of the filter elements. - Figure 3 is a section along line III-III

  Figure 1, on a larger scale than the latter, represents

  feeling a filter element whose frame consists of chains. Figure 4 is a section along line IV-IV

  Figure 1, on a larger scale than the latter, represents

  sensing a filter element whose frame consists of a spring. FIG. 5 represents a fragmentary view of the liquid extractor of FIG. 1, showing another form

  embodiment of filter elements.

  FIG. 6 represents a fragmentary view of the liquid extractor of FIG. 2, showing another

  embodiment of filter elements.

  In the different figures, the same notations of

  reference designate identical elements.

  The liquid extractor, which can act as

  industrial juicer, as already mentioned above.

  demten, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, comprises a reservoir 1 intended to receive the solid material from which the

  a series of filter elements 2, 2a, 2b, etc., suspended

  vertically in the mass to be filtered inside the container.

  and a pressing plate 3 for compressing the elements

  filtering elements 2 and the mass to be filtered. As we can better

  realize this by considering Figures 3 and 4, -

  filtering elements 2 suspended vertically in the filter mass.

  trer that contains the extractor, whose purpose is to allow the passage of the liquid portion inwardly of these elements, while retaining the solid part outside, are constituted by a tubular sheath 4 made of material permeable to the liquid and a

  armature 5 internal to the sheath, the armature 5 extending practical-

  the entire length of the sheath 4. The frame 5 which is generally metallic or of a plastic material, resistant

  on crushing, may consist of a chalne or preferably

  three lines as shown in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings, particularly interesting results have been obtained with the filter elements whose frame comprises three to five chains, or by a helical element such as

  a spring, as can be seen in Figure 3 of the

  attached, the turns of the spring 5 each having a diameter

  equal, which is slightly less than the diameter of the

  tubular trowel 2, while the tubular sheath 4 can be

  constituted by a fabric or filter cloth whose openings

  Mesh sizes may vary depending on the products to be filtered.

  It is obviously essential that the mesh openings are small enough not to allow solids to enter. These filtering elements 2, fixed at their upper end to a support, which may consist for example of a tubular cross member 6 (FIG. 1), have the advantage

  to be completely removable, that is to say that one can detach

  expensive each element in order to change the filter sheath 4 whose mesh openings would have clogged after a

  long-term use, the sheath 4 and the armature 5 being

  The sheath 4 and the armature 5 of the filter elements 2, the lower end of which is open to allow the passage of the filtered liquid, are connected to the collectors 9 of FIGS. liquid (Figure 1) by their lower end respectively-by means of fixing hooks 10 and 32, or hang freely (Figure 2). The filter elements 2 must in one way

  general be both flexible and resist crushing.

  Referring more particularly to the liquid extractor of FIG. 1, where the receiving tank 1 of the mass to be filtered is of parallelepipedal shape, and where the pressing is done in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the

  filter elements, the pressing plate 3 of the filter elements

  trants 2, arranged between the two small side faces 11 and 12 of the tank, is driven inside the tank 1 along the large side faces 13 and 14 by pistons of

  hydraulic cylinders 15 attached to the face 11 of the tank. The place

  mobile pressing 3 is of an area equal to the super-

  ficie small side faces 11 and 12 of the tank and is

  parallel to these. The filtration elements 2 of a

  substantially equal to the height of the lateral faces of the reservoir, arranged in rows, are arranged between the pressing plate 3 and the small side face 12 of the tank, the movable plate 3 being driven by the pistons of hydraulic cylinders

  along the two large lateral faces 13 and 14 of the reservoir

  see, from a starting position close to the small side face 11, to a pressing arrival position of the filter elements 2, intermediate between the median plane 16 of the

  tank and the small side face 12 thereof, and

  In a position even closer to the small side face 12. As can be seen in Figure 1, the support of the filter elements 2, 2a, 2b, etc., consists of a series of parallel rails 6, 6a , 6b, etc., to each other, arranged parallel to the upper edge 17 of the pressing plate 3, these crosspieces each connecting the upper edges 18 and 19 of the two large lateral faces 13 and 14

  of the tank, each row of filter elements 2 being suppor-

  The filtration elements 2 of the same row, which are at least four in number per row to obtain good filtration, and preferably eight in number as in the figure, are regularly distributed. along their respective support beam 6. It is understood that this number of filter elements per row is

  given purely as a non-limitative example, and that

  consider using fewer or larger numbers than

  eight filtration elements per row. Filtration elements

  2 and the directly adjacent filter elements 2a are arranged along their respective supporting cross-members 6 and 6a so that during the pressing operation by means of the plate 3, at least the central filter elements 2a come each take an intermediate position between two directly adjacent filter elements 2. A particularly advantageous filtration of the mass to be filtered is obtained when the filtering elements 2, 2a, 2b, etc. are arranged.

  in a staggered arrangement. It is understood, as has already been mentioned

  previously, that the receiving tank 1 can also

  be of cubic or cylindrical form.

  In the case of a cylindrical extractor, where the pressing is done in a direction perpendicular to the axis

  filter elements as for the parallelepipedic extractor

  that of Figure 1, and along the cylindrical surface, the pressing plate 3 of the filter elements 2 is of course

  arranged between the two bases of the reservoir, this pressure plate

  wise also being of substantially equal and parallel

  is connected to each of the bases of the cylindrical reservoir, the means for driving the pressing plate being attached to one of the bases of the reservoir, and the filtering elements being arranged between the pressing plate and the base of the reservoir opposite the base. to which are fixed the drive means, arranged outside the tank. However, in this case, the

  filter element support consists of a series of

  circular or semicircular slings, such as for example rings or portions of rings parallel to each other, slidable inside the cylindrical container, each

  row of filter elements being supported by a single

pours.

  According to the invention, when the reservoir 1 of

  of the mass to be filtered in the form of a straight cylinder and when the pressing is carried out in a direction parallel to the axis of the filter elements, as can be seen from FIG.

  Referring to Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings, the pressure plate

  wise 3 filter elements 2, is circular and of a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the cylindrical reservoir

  1, this plate 3 being perpendicular to the axis of the latter.

  The hydraulic cylinder piston 15, disposed outside the cylindrical tank, is arranged to drive the pressing plate 3 inside the tank, the filtering elements

  2 being of a height substantially equal to the height of the reservoir

  see, and being evenly distributed over the entire surface of the pressing plate 3, also acting as support

  for these filter elements 2. As already mentioned,

  previously, it could also be used in the context of a pressing performed in a direction parallel to the axis of the filter elements, that is to say a vertical pressing, a parallelepiped or cubic shaped reservoir, the arrangement of different organs, ie filter elements, clamping plate, etc., being substantially similar to this

  which has just been described for the cylindrical tank.

  If we compare the two types of extractors

  in Figures 1 and 2, ie on the one hand the extractions

  parallelepipedic pressing machines in a horizontal direction

  zontal and on the other hand cylindrical extractors with pressing

  in a vertical direction, it will be seen that

  parallelepipedic extractor, that the elements of

  2, 2a, 2b etc., are connected by their lower end

  by means of hooks 10 and 32 to a system of transverse collectors

  9 versaux and longitudinal 30, while as regards the cylindrical extractor, the filter elements 2 freely hanging to the bottom of the tank. It is understood that one could interchange the system of arrangement of the elements

  filters, and that one could consider for example an extrac-

  parallelepiped horizontal presser with free-hanging filter elements and a vertical-press cylindrical extractor with filter elements attached to a collector system. On the other hand, it should also be noted that in both cases it is possible to envisage the use of chain filtration elements, as represented in FIG.

  the use of spring-loaded filter elements, such as

  shown in Figure 4, again the use of

  string tricks, or a combination of these three types

filter elements.

  It is understood that these types of filter elements are given by way of non-limiting example and that one could

  consider filter elements of another structure or

  training, provided that they achieve a good

filtration efficiency.

  This is how one could predict elements

  filters such as those shown in Figures 5 and 6 of the

  annexed. As can be seen more particularly in FIG. 5, which is actually a fragmentary view of the liquid extractor of FIG.

  1 of the mass to be filtered is of parallelepiped form.

  that the filter elements 40 are arranged in vertical planes

  tical to the driving direction of the pressing plate, and comprise a sheath 41 of liquid permeable material having an area substantially equal to the pressing plate 3 and parallel thereto, and a frame 42 internal to the sheath 41, this armature 42, inside the sheath 41, being covered with a mesh or lattice 43 with wide mesh for draining the liquid during filtration, and

  thus prevent any clogging of the sheath 41 on the frame 42.

  These filter elements 40, arranged in series, are suspended vertically in the mass to be filtered that contains the extractor, and are each fixed by their upper end to a tubular cross member 6 as a support. These crosspieces 6 are arranged as in FIG. 1, that is to say that they are parallel to the upper edge of the pressing plate 3 and that they each connect the upper edges of the two lateral faces 13 and 14 of the tank. The armature 42 of each filter element 40 is formed of two vertical branches 44 connected by horizontal branches 45 parallel to each other and spaced apart by a distance of about 1 cm, and is surrounded by chains 46 on a part of its circumference. Instead of strings, helical elements, such as springs, could be provided. The sheath 41 and the frame 42 of the filter elements

  , whose lower end can be opened to allow

  The passage of the filtered liquid, or possibly closed, are connected to the liquid collectors 9, as on the

figure 1.

  In the liquid extractor shown in FIG. 6, which is actually a fragmentary view of the liquid extractor of FIG. 2, the receiving tank 1 of the

  mass to be filtered in the form of a straight cylinder disposed horizontally

  parallel to its generatrices, the filter elements 40 arranged parallel to each other are arranged between the two bases of the tank and are of circular shape identical to that of the pressing plate 3, and parallel to it. As can be seen, the pressing plate 3 is driven in a direction perpendicular to the

filter elements 40.

  According to the invention, the liquid extractors

  1 and 2, comprise a movable floor 20 which

  ensures, at the same time, the closure of the lower part of the ex-

  tractor and allows its displacement, when the extractor is provided with filtered liquid evacuation collectors, the evacuation of the compressed solid material. In the case where the extractor does not have any collectors 9 making it possible to collect the filtered liquid, the mobile bottom 20 is provided with openings 21 through which the filtered liquid is evacuated.

  openings 21 being optionally covered with a wire mesh.

  trante 22 depending on the type of material to be filtered.

  The operating diagram of the liquid extractors

  of the present invention can easily be understood by referring to

  The material to be filtered is poured directly into the tank 1 containing the filtration elements 2 suspended vertically, or it can be brought into the tank 1 by pumping.

  by means of a cnnuit 2 in the sercd rndique by the arrow 24.

  The filling of reservation 1 can be done at

  means of a feed pump connected to a filling duct

  wise 33, or a feed screw inside this conduit, this conduit 33, fixed along the side face 13 of the tank, allowing the material to be filtered to pass inside the extractor thanks to the orifices 34 provided on the lateral face 13. It could, of course, provide several other conduits

  fillers arranged laterally on the tank (Figure 5).

  The reservoir 1 is filled as completely as possible so that the filter elements are completely incorporated into the material to be filtered. During the filling of the tank 1, a large part of the liquid already separates from the solid part, and this thanks to the filtering sheaths 4 of the elements

  2. The liquid thus extracted falls either directly

  in the perforated bottom 20 of the tank 1 through the openings 21 (Figures 1 and 2), or in the collectors 9 and 30 connected directly to the lower part of the elements

  filters (Figure 1). This perforated mobile bottom 20, or the collec-

  9 and 30 evacuate the extracted liquid in the direction indicated by the arrows 25. It will be noted that during the entire filling operation, the extracted liquid can be automatically replaced by adding to the reservoir of new material to

  filter. This replacement has the advantage of increasing sensi-

  the capacity of the extractor.

  When the filling operation is completed, the operation

  pressing or clamping the mass begins, thanks to the movement of the movable plate or stopper 3. This movable plate 3, connected to the cylinders 15, exerts a slow and continuous pressure on the entire mass contained in the reservoir. Under the effect of the advancement of the plate 3 in the direction indicated by the arrow 26, that is to say in a direction perpendicular to the plane passing through the longitudinal axes 27 of the elements of

  filtering belonging to the same row, that is to say

  filtering elements 2, 2a, 2betc, (FIG. 1, horizontal displacement

  zontal) or in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axes

  tudinal of the filter elements 2 (Figure 2, vertical displacement), and the pressure thus exerted, the liquid part of the material penetrates inside the filter elements and is then discharged to the outside of the extractor through the bottom perforated mobile 20 or through the collectors 9 and 30. As already mentioned above, as regards the parallelepiped-shaped extractor, the filter elements, preferably arranged in staggered rows, interpenetrate and thus allow to obtain an excellent extraction of clear liquids. When the pressing plate 3 reaches its final position, the filter elements are distributed over a substantially reduced distance with respect to the length of the parallelepiped tank. With regard to the extruder of cylindrical form with vertical pressing, excellent extractions of clear liquids are also obtained, because of the interpenetration and crushing in the material to be treated of the filtering elements by the circular pressing plate 3, the filtering elements being moreover regularly distributed over the entire surface area of this plate 3 so as to obtain a

  better liquid extraction efficiency. The operation of

  wise is continued until there is no more liquid

  flowing out of the filter elements. Once the operation

  After pressing or pressing is completed, the pressing plate 3 is loosened by means of the same jacks 15, which are in fact double-acting jacks, that is to say operating in

  two directions, the movable floor being removed, for example, by the

  placing a cylinder 31. The filtering elements which, during tightening, have progressively integrated into the material, are withdrawn to their starting positions. By this withdrawal movement, they

  unhook from the compressed solid material and release that

  this. The latter falls into a receiving tray 28, on a worm or on a treadmill that evacuates. For certain materials to be filtered, it is preferable to have a fabric or a filter fabric 22 on the perforated mobile bottom; in this case, the filter cloth may possibly play the role

  treadmill and discharges the compressed material according to the

Che 29 (Figure 2).

  As already mentioned above, the char-

  of the material to be filtered in the tank 1 of the extrac-

  can be achieved mechanically, either by spill,

  either by automatic pumping. The same is true for the debate of compressed matter, that is to say for the removal of

  the pressed pulp. Indeed, the debate is ensured automatically

  by the withdrawal movement to their starting positions, filter elements 2. In addition, since the evacuation of the compressed material can be done in a manner

  automatic by a rotational movement printed on the filament

  trant 22 covering the movable floor 20 or by the receiving trough

  containing an endless discharge screw, the extractors

  of the invention can therefore be used in a total way-

  automatically. As stated above, the advantages conferred by the extractors or juicers of the invention compared to currently existing devices are multiple:

  the filtration surface of the filter elements 2 is sensitively

  higher and generally four times

  higher than the systems used so far.

  This significant increase in the filtration area therefore allows for a faster compression period and

  deeper compression and facilitates in a sensi-

  ble the evacuation of the extracted liquids, in particular by the vertical position of the filtration elements which allows rapid filtration and evacuation of the liquid from top to bottom, these different qualities allowing to work on much larger masses of material than with the

known systems so far.

  - The slow, progressive and continuous pressure of the plate

  pressing allows the extraction of clear liquids.

  - An automation of the debate of compressed matter.

  The interpenetration of the filter elements in the mass during the pressing of the latter, allows automatic debugging when the same filter elements are torn from this

  mass, when they return to their starting positions.

  - Obtaining a very high percentage of extraction. This

  very high extraction rate is caused by slow and progressive high pressure clamping on a large volume of material

  to filter in which is arranged a large surface of fil-

  tration. These two important elements (large volume of material to filter and large filtration surface) allow a longer tightening time and a very high percentage

  high dry matter in the compressed material.

  The invention is not limited to the forms of

  described and many changes could be made to it.

  without departing from the scope of this patent.

Claims (12)

REVENDICATI 0 NS) Liquid extractor from solid material, comprising a tank for receiving the solid material from which the liquid must be extracted, a series of filtering elements arranged in generally vertical planes inside the tank, a support and a pressing group of the filter elements, characterized in that the filtering elements comprise a tubular sheath of liquid-permeable material and a reinforcement internal to the sheath, the armature extending substantially over the entire length of the sheath. ) Liquid extractor from solid material, comprising a tank for receiving the solid material from which the liquid must be extracted, a series of filtering elements arranged inside the tank, a support and a pressing member of the filter elements, the filter elements being arranged in substantially vertical planes to the driving direction of the pressing member, characterized in that the filtering elements comprise a sheath of liquid-permeable material having an area substantially equal to the pressing plate and substantially parallel thereto, and an armature internal to the sheath, the armature, within the sheath, being covered with a mesh element. ) Extractor according to either of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the filter elements are suspended from their upper end to the support. ) Extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sheaths are open at their lower part. ) Extractor according to any one of claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that the reinforcement of the filter elements comprises at least one chain. ) Extractor according to claim 5, characterized in that the armature of the filter elements comprises three to five chains, the length of each of which corresponds substantially to the length of the sheath, these chains being each suspended by their upper end. ) Extractor according to any one of claims 1, 3 and 4, characterized in that the armature of the filter elements comprises at least one helical element such as a spring. ) Extractor according to claim 7, characterized in that the turns of the helical element each have a substantially equal diameter, which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the tubular filter element.   90) Extractor according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the armature comprises on a part of its periphery, at least one chain or a helical element, such as a spring,   ) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 1 to 9, characterized in that the filter elements are removable.   ) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 1 to 10, characterized in that the receiving tank of the solid material is parallelepipedal or cubic   and in that the pressing member comprises a pressing plate   wise filter elements arranged between two opposite side faces of the reservoir, of substantially equal area and substantially parallel thereto, and means arranged   to drive the pressing plate in a sensible direction   perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the   trants, placed outside the tank, the filter elements   trants being of a height substantially equal to the height of the tank.   12) Extractor according to claim 11, characterized   in that the driving means of the pressure plate   are attached to one of said side faces of the tank   and in that the filter elements are arranged between the   that of pressing and the side face of the tank opposite the face to which the drive means are fixed, the pressing plate being driven by said means along the other two opposite side faces of the tank from a neighboring initial position. of the lateral face of the tank to which the drive means are fixed, towards a final pressing position of the intermediate filter elements between the two aforementioned lateral faces.   ) Extractor according to claim 12, characterized   in that the solid-substance receiving tank is of parallelepipedal shape and in that the pressing plate is driven by the aforesaid driving means along the two large side faces of the tank towards a final pressing position of the elements. intermediate filters between the median plane of the reservoir parallel to the two small faces   side and the small lateral face opposite to the means of aforementioned drag.   140) Extractor according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the filter elements are arranged in rows and in that the support is constituted   of a series of sleepers parallel to each other,   substantially parallel to the upper edge of the pressing plate, these cross members each connecting the upper edges of the two opposite side faces of the reservoir, perpendicular to the pressing plate, each row of filter elements   being supported by a single crossbar.   ) Extractor according to claim 14, characterized   in that the filter elements of the same row are substantially uniformly distributed along their cross-member respective support.   ) Extractor according to claim 15, characterized   in that the filter elements belonging to a first row and the filter elements belonging to a directly adjacent second row are arranged along their respective support beam so that during the pressing operation by means of the above-mentioned plate at least the central filter elements of the second row come to each   an intermediate position between two filter elements directly   neighbors of the first row.   ) Extractor according to claim 16, characterized   in that the filter elements are staggered.   18) Extractor according to any one of the   11 to 13, characterized in that the support is constituted   of a series of sleepers parallel to each other,   Sées substantially parallel to the upper edge of the pressing plate, these crosspieces each connecting the upper edges of the two opposite side faces of the reservoir, perpendicular to the pressing plate, each filter element being supported by a single cross.   ) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 1, 3 to 8 and 10, characterized in that the tank for receiving the solid material is cylindrical in shape and in that the pressing member comprises a pressing plate of the x filter elements arranged between the two bases of the tank , of substantially equal area and substantially parallel thereto, and means arranged to drive the pressing plate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the filter elements, arranged outside the tank, the filter elements being of a height   substantially equal to the height of the tank.   ) Extractor according to claim 19, characterized   characterized in that the solid material receiving tank is cylindrical in that the pressing plate driving means is attached to one of the bases of the tank and in that the filter elements are arranged between the pressing plate and the base of the tank opposite the base to which the drive means are fixed, the pressing plate being driven by said means along the cylindrical surface of the tank from an initial position close to the   base of the tank to which the means of entry are attached.   towards a final pressing position of the filter elements   intermediate between the two aforesaid bases.   20. 210) Extractor according to one or other of the claims   cations 19 and 20, characterized in that the filter elements are arranged in rows and in that the support is constituted   a series of parallel circular or semi-circular sleepers   to each other, slidable within the cylindrical reservoir, each row of filter elements being supported by a single crossbar.   220) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 2 to 4, 9 and 10, characterized in that the receiving tank of the solid material is cylindrical in shape and in that the pressing member comprises a pressing plate of the filter elements arranged between the two bases of the tank, of area substantially equal to or substantially parallel thereto, as well as means arranged to drive the pressing plate in a direction substantially perpendicular to the filtering elements, arranged inside the tank, the filtering elements, with a surface area substantially equal to the pressing plate, being arranged substantially parallel thereto.   23) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 1a1 to 8 and 10, characterized in that the receiving tank of the solid material is of parallelepipedic shape,   cubic or cylindrical, and in that the pressing member   takes a pressing plate from the filter elements, a   area substantially equal to the base of the tank and   substantially perpendicular to the axis of the latter,   as well as means arranged to drive the pressure plate   within the tank in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the filter elements, arranged outside the tank, the filter elements being of a   height substantially equal to the height of the tank.   240) Extractor according to claim 23, characterized   in that the receiving tank of the solid material   in the form of a straight cylinder and that the pressure member   wise includes a pressing plate filter elements,   a circular diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the reservoir.   see cylindrical and substantially perpendicular to the axis of the latter, and means arranged to drive the pressing plate inside the cylindrical reservoir, arranged outside the latter, the filter elements being of a   height substantially equal to the height of the tank.    ) Extractor according to one or other of the   23 and 24, characterized in that the pressing plate serves as a support for the filtering elements and in that the filtering elements are substantially evenly distributed over the entire surface of it.   260) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 1 to 25, characterized in that the bottom of the tank is movable.   270) Extractor according to claim 26, characterized   risé in that the movable bottom is perforated so as to receive   filtered liquid from. filter elements.   28) Extractor according to claim 27, characterized   risé in that the perforated bottom is covered with a canvas or a filter cloth.   29) Extractor according to any one of the   cations 1 to 26, characterized in that the lower ends   filter elements are connected to one or more collec-   arranged to discharge the filtered liquid from   filtering elements to the outside of the extractor.   30) Liquid extractor from solid material,   as described above and / or comformed to the accompanying drawings.