FR2484721A1 - BROOM HOLDER FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES, IN PARTICULAR FOR THREE-PHASE ALTERNATORS OF MOTOR VEHICLES - Google Patents

Abstract

A. BRUSH HOLDER FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES, ESPECIALLY FOR THREE-PHASE ALTERNATORS OF MOTOR VEHICLES, WITH AT LEAST ONE PIVOTING ARM ON WHICH A BRUSH IS FIXED, MEANS FOR ELECTRICALLY CONNECTING THE BRUSH TO A SOLIDAR CONTACT OF THE FRAME, A SPRING ACTING ON THE BRUSH HOLDER ARM FOR APPLYING THE BROOM ON A ROTATING ANTIGONIST CONTACT TRACK. B. CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE CARRIER ARM 30 IS MADE IN THE FORM OF A RIGID MOLDED ELEMENT WITH A RECESS 41 FOR RECEIVING THE BROOM 31, FIXED IN GEOMETRICAL LINKAGE AND WITHOUT GAME IN THIS RECESS 41. C. DEVICE APPLICABLE TO DOORS- MOTOR VEHICLE ALTERNATOR BRUSHES.

Description

The subject of the invention is a carrier

  brush for electric machines, in particular for three-phase alternators of motor vehicles, with at least one pivoting support arm on which is fixed a brush., means for electrically connecting the brush to a contact fixed to the frame, a spring acting on the support arm for apply the broom

  on a rotating antagonistic contact track.

  A brush holder of this type (DE-AS 1,613,433) is already known, in which the support arm is constituted by a molded part made of elastic synthetic material having a recess in which the brush is locked together with

a connecting conductor.

  It is certain that this brush holder is

  of simple realization, but it can only withstand

  mechanical limitations and is therefore suitable only for

  low power machines. In the case of mechanical solicitations

  More importantly, the blocking assembly of the blade in the support arm can be undone. As a result, the flawless operation of the brush holder is no longer guaranteed

in some cases.

  According to another known embodiment of brush holder (DE-OS 2 536 018), the support arm is constituted by an elastic element on which the blade is, for example-,

  brazed or sintered. This gives a rigid connection between the-

  broom and carrying arm as well as, overall, a solution

  adapted to the assembly and economical. However, the scope of this embodiment is also limited because of the imperfect rigidity of the carrier arm perpendicularly

to the axis of the broom.

  The aim of the invention is to avoid the drawbacks mentioned above, and for this purpose concerns a brush holder of the above type, characterized in that the support arm is made in the form of a rigid molded element with a recess for receiving the broom, fixed in geometric%

and without play in this recess.

  Compared to known embodiments, the brush holder according to the invention has the advantage of ensuring

  a rigid overall holding of the broom guaranteeing a trans-

  Safe mission of the current between the broom and the rotating counter contact track, even in the case i solicitations

important mechanical

  Provisions indicated below make it possible to obtain advantageous embodiments of the

  brush holder according to the invention.

  An embodiment suitable for manufacture and in particular particularly resistant to shaking is obtained when the brush holder is incorporated into the mold without play in the recess of the support arm. This can be done by molding the carrier arm on the prefabricated broom or by introducing into the press tool the prefabricated carrying arm and, if appropriate, the spring acting on the support arm, the material which constitutes the broom then being compacted in the recess of the carrier arm and in the cavity. which is connected to it, then sintered

during a subsequent operation.

  Other advantageous possibilities for incorporating in molding the wiper without clearance in the recess of the support arm consist in-fixing the blade by a casting mass,

  preferably hardenable, in the recess or, after introduction

  broom in the recess, to mold the material of the support arm into a recess in the wall of the bal-ai, which can

  for example, by ultrasonic matting.

  In all the cases previously described, the blade can be connected directly, that is to say without braid connection, to an electrical connection element consisting of

  preferably by the same spring which acts on the support arm.

  We thus obtain an economical solution that stands out in

  in addition to a particularly low voltage drop.

  For this purpose, the blade may be provided, in accordance with the invention, with a pin protruding from the recess of the support arm on the rear face of this arm and connected in this connection.

  location of electrical connection elements, preferably

  to the spring itself. The stud may consist of a metal piece introduced into the brush or, preferably, a molded protuberance e.n one piece with the brush, provided with a weldable surface layer of lead, copper, silver,

tin or similar material ..

  We can dispense with an operation

  to connect the broom to the electrical connection element.

  that, in the case of molding the brush in the prefabricated carrying arm, the spring element is

248472 1

  electrical connection of a projection penetrating into the support arm and introduced into the compression mold during compaction of the material constituting the brush. In this case, the wiper can, in addition, be maintained by its geometric shape in the carrier arm by arranging the electrical connection element appropriately. Instead of molding the broom in the support arm, or in addition to this molding, it is possible to provide a completely additional fastening means on the rear face of the support arm for maintaining the broom by its geometric shape. . This additional fastening member, for example a riveting stud molded in the blade, may be in contact with the spring, preferably in the form of a leaf spring, for applying the blade to the rotary counter contact track which may be turn advantageously serve to bring the broom into contact. This gives a cost-effective construction that is safe for operation, even in the case of heavy mechanical stress, because of its high rigidity and its high resistance to wear.

shaking.

The invention will be better understood in

  the description below and the attached drawings represent

  twelve examples of embodiments of the invention, drawings in which - Figure 1 is a side view of the brush holder according to the first embodiment, - Figures 2 to 12 show the other embodiments, each time to the using a cup

  broom and its attachment area on the support arm.

  The brush holder shown in Figure 1 comprises a base body 10 on which is molded a flange 11 provided with two bores 12 and 13 for fixing the brush holder on the housing of a three-phase alternator. On the upper end face of the base body 10 is formed a second flange 14

  on which is fixed, by means of rivets 15 and 16, a regula-

  voltage generator 17 for the three-phase alternator. The voltage regulator 17 comprises two connection pins 18 and 19 penetrating into a free volume 20 limited at its upper part by the voltage regulator 17, on the sides by two vertical walls 21, 22 and, at its lower part, by a wall

  intermediate 23 of the basic body 10.

  A cavity 25 is formed in the base body 10 under the intermediate wall 23, this cavity being limited by a vertical wall 26 and by two side walls 27, 28 of the base body 10. In the two side walls 27, 28 is mounted a pivot 29 traversing the volume 25 and on which are pivotally mounted two support arms 30 located one behind the other in the drawing and which overlap, each arm bearing

a broom 31.

  Each carrying arm 30 is constituted by a rigid molded plastic member having a hub portion 32 with a pivot bore and an end portion 33 at an obtuse angle with the first and bearing

  the broom 31. The end portion 33 comprises a longitudinal duct

  tudinal 34 in which is guided a leaf spring 35 which, when the bal-i is mounted, applies the blade 31 on a rotary counter contact track 36 disposed on the shaft

  rotor of the three-phase alternator.

  The middle part 38 of the leaf spring 35 is centered in the form of an open loop located at

  distance around the hub portion. 32 of the support arm 30.

  The end portion 39 of the leaf spring 35 located opposite the blade 31 is fixed to the base body 10 in a manner that

  will be described more precisely in the following.

  The broom 31 is molded without play in a

  of the carrier arm 30. For this purpose, the prefabricated broom

  31 is introduced into the compression mold of the support arm and the material of this support arm 30 is molded around the brush 3; 1 thus introduced. The blade 31 has a collar 42 which holds it firmly by its shape in the two axial directions in the support arm 30. For the contacting of the blade 31, it is provided with a metal pin 43 projecting on the face rear of the carrying arm -30 - and assembled in this

  location by welding with the end of the leaf spring 35.

  In this case, the leaf spring 35 serves as an electric contact element for the blade 31. In addition to the fixing zone on the pin 43, this spring is fixed by matting zones 44 on the walls of the longitudinal duct. 34 of the support arm 30. The end portion 39 of the leaf spring 4o 35 located opposite the blade 31 is assembled with a contact element fixed on the base body 10. The leaf spring 35 of the support arm 30 visible and located at the top in the drawing is provided with a contact bracket 46 connected, via the metal rivet 16, to the casing of the voltage regulator 17 and, via the latter, to components of the Voltage Regulator. The leaf spring 35, not visible in the drawing, of the second support arm 30 is assembled with a contact plate.

  47 forming, on the one hand, a welding tab 48 for connecting

  der an electrical conductor and, on the other hand,

  protrusion 49 welded to the connection pin 19 of the regula-

  Tensor-1-7. The other connection pin 18 of the voltage regulator 17 is soldered to the contact plate 50 passing through the vertical wall 21 of the base body 10 and having a projection 51 which rests on the flange 11, this projection extending into the area of the piercing 12 and connected to ground when

the brush holder is mounted.

  The carrier arm 30 made in the form of a rigid molded element guarantees, together with the play-free molding of the blade 31 in the recess 41 of the support arm 30 that it

  there is a contact with the blade 31 and the track of con-

  rotating antagonist tact 36, even in the case of solicitations

  mechanical high. If necessary, the

  lasts between the metal stud 43 and the molded leaf spring 35.

  in the blade 31 when the pin 43 is arranged as a rivet stud and is shaped after the engagement of the spring

  35. This shaping can also be provided in addition to welding.

  Instead of the metal stud 43 incorporated in the molding, it could also be produced by molding on the blade 31 a pin in the same material as the blade, this pin being provided, for assembly with the blade, a weldable surface layer , for example tin or copper, or in another

appropriate material.

  In the embodiment according to Figure 2, a brush 52 is molded without play in a recess 53 of a support arm 54. After the introduction of the brush into the recess, a wall portion of the recess is forced back by ultrasonic matting in an annular groove 55 of the side wall of the blade. But the molding could also be done by ultrasonic welding. For contacting the blade 52 with the leaf spring 35, a pin 56 is formed on the blade 52, this pin coming out of the recess 53 and passing through a bore of the leaf spring 35, carrying a surface layer

  weldable and being welded with this leaf spring 35.

  In the embodiment of Figure 3, a brush 58 is molded without play in a support arm 59 in that the carrier arm 59 is introduced into a brush pressing tool 58. The brush material 58 is then introduced into a recess 60 of the carrier arm 59 and in a cavity of the pressing tool connected thereto. The elements are then heat-treated to sinter the material of the broom. The broom 58 has a collar 61 which provides the support

  geometrically opposed to the contact pressure of the arm 59.

  The geometrically shaped connection of the brush 58 in the other direction

  axial direction is provided by the bent end 62 of a leaf spring 63 which, during the manufacture of the blade 58 is introduced with the carrier arm 59 in the pressing tool, so that it enters the recess 60. The portion 62 has a bore 64 traversed by the material of the brush 58 and ensuring the connection between the elements. In this embodiment, also, the leaf spring 63 serves as an electrical connection element for the brush 58. Such an embodiment has the advantage that it is not necessary to perform an additional operation to ensure the electrically conductive assembly. spring to

blade 63 with the broom 58.

  FIG. 4 represents a solution in which a broom 67 provided with a collar 66 is fixed or molded

  without play in a carrying arm 69 by a hardened casting mass

  sand 68. In this embodiment, the carrying arm 69 also has a recess 70 in which are provided a shoulder for the support of the neck 66 and a border groove 71 for anchoring by geometric connection of the casting mass 68. A nipple 72 of the blade 67 is welded with the leaf spring 35 which

  covers the recess 70 on the rear face of the support arm 69.

  Instead of the molded nipple 72, it could also incorporate a metal stud in the brush 67, as shown

in Figure 1.

  In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5, for geometrically fastening a bolt 74 in a recess 75 of a support arm 76, there is provided on the rear face of this arm, an additional fixing member - ;: ssa, part support and which is in the form of a threaded screen 77 screwed on a threaded nipple 78 incorporated in the broom

  74 The nut 77 firmly applies the blade 74 against a shoulder

  79 of the recess 75. The brush 74 is thus fixed by geometric connection on the support arm 76 in the two axial directions. This interference-free fitting of the brush 74 in the recess also ensures the rigid assembly in the radial direction of the broom 74 with the support arm 76. In this embodiment

  Also, the leaf spring 35 serves as a contact member.

  The spring 35 advances for this purpose under the nut 77 and is blocked by it against the rear face of the support arm 76. When it is necessary to fulfill particularly severe mechanical conditions, the blade 74 can, in addition, be fixed in the recess

by an adhesive.

  The embodiment according to FIG. 6 differs from that of FIG. 5 only in that, instead of the threaded stud 78, a rivet stud 80 is incorporated in the brush 81 and serves for fixing this brush by bond

  geometric on the support arm 76.

  In the arrangement according to FIG. 7, a pin-shaped plug-in element 83 is incorporated in a brush 82, which element engages in a perforated collar 84 which can expand elastically and which is provided in a spring. blade 86 resting on the rear face of a support arm 85. The brush 82 is fixed in the support arm 85 as in the case of the brush holders according to the figure and FIG. 6. To support the holding force exerted by the perforated collar 84, we can here also fix the

  broom 82 by an adhesive on the carrying arm.

  In the embodiment of Figure 8, a broom87 is provided with a conical portion 88 and a cylindrical stud 89 which is connected thereto, this stud carrying a weldable surface layer. The brush 87 is driven into a recess of a carrying arm 90, the shape of this recess being

  adapted to that of the conical portion 88 and the nipple 89 of the brush.

  The pin 89 is assembled by a weld zone 91 with the leaf spring 35 resting on the rear face of the support arm 90. In connection with the weld zone 91, this leaf spring 35 constitutes the additional fastening element provided for fixing by geometric connection of the blade 87 in the support arm 90. The brush holder according to FIG. 9 is distinguished from that of FIG. 8 only in that

  conical connecting portion of a pin 92 with the portion

  aunt of a brush 93, a plane connection shoulder 94 is formed on which the brush is applied against the support arm-in

  opposition to the contact pressure.

  In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 10, the leaf spring 35 is also provided, in connection with a weld zone 96, as an additional fastening element for a brush 97 in a carrying arm 98. this embodiment, the brush 97 is locked in the carrying arm 98

  provided for this purpose with a housing 99 that can be expanded elastically

  cally. To improve the elastic properties, slits

  are carried out in the carrying arm 98, these slots divide

  In the housing 99 is provided an annular bead 101 which engages in an annular groove of the broom 97. The broom 97 can,

  in addition, be fixed by an adhesive in the support arm 98.

  In the embodiment of Figure 11, a brush 102 is engaged by force in a housing 103 of the support arm 104, this housing being formed as a blind hole. The broom 102 is fixed on the support arm

  by a sleeve 105 capable of withdrawal.

  FIG. 12 represents an embodiment in which a brush 108 is engaged by force or incorporated without play in a recess 109 of a support arm 110, this recess

  being realized as a blind hole. The additional organs

  In order to fix the geometry of the brush 108 in the support arm 110, the braid 108 is constituted by a copper braid 111 integrally assembled with the brush 108, which is adjusted in a bore 112 of the support arm 110 and folded twice at a sharp angle. on the back side of this arm. The middle portion of the copper braid 111, connecting to the first folding zone, rests on the rear face of the carrier arm 110. The end portion 113 of the copper braid 111 is folded up and welded on. a leaf spring 114. The leaf spring 114 serves here also as a contact element for the blade 108 and is fixed on the support arm 110

  in the immediate vicinity of the broom not shown.

Claims (23)

  1.- Battery holder for electric machines   particular for three-phase alternators of self-propelled   movable, with at least one pivoting support arm on which is fixed a brush, means for electrically connecting the brush to a contact integral with the frame, a spring acting on the arm   carrier to apply the broom to an anti-contact track   rotary rotor, characterized in that the support arm (30)   is formed as a rigid molded element with a recess   (41) for receiving the broom (31) fixed in geomatic connection   clever and without play in this recess (41).   2. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the blade (31) is incorporated in the molding   without play in the recess (41) of the support arm (30).   3. Brush holder according to claim 2, characterized in that the part of the blade (31) engaged in the   arm (30) is provided with projections (42) and / or recess-   ments. 4.- Brush holder according to one or the other   Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the support arm   (30) is formed by molding on the brush (31) molded in advance.   5. Brush holder according to claim 4, characterized in that the brush (52) has a recess (55) in which a projection, formed by matting, engages,   the wall of the recess (53) of the support arm (54).   6.- Brush holder according to one or the other   Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the blade (58)   is formed by molding in the recess (60) of the support arm prefabricated (59).   7.- Brush holder according to one or the other   Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the broom (67)   is fixed by a casting mass (68) in the recess of the arm carrier (69).   8. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that to ensure the geometric connection of the brush (58) in the support arm (59), there is provided an additional fixing member (63, 35) s' pressing   on the back side of the carrying arm.   9. Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the additional fastening member is   formed by the end portion (62), folded into the recess   (60) of the support arm (59), a leaf spring (63) repo-   on the back side of the carrying arm.   10. Brush holder according to claim 9, characterized in that the folded end portion (62) of the leaf spring (63) is provided with a bore (64) through which the broom material engages. (58) molded into the recess of the carrying arm.   11. Brush holder according to claim   8, characterized in that the additional fastening member is constituted by a threaded nut (77) screwed onto a stud   threaded (78) incorporated into the molding in the brush (74).   12. Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the additional fastening member is constituted by a riveting stud (80) incorporated in the molding. in the broom (81). -   13. Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that a plug-shaped interlocking element (83) is incorporated in the molding in the brush (82), this element engaging in a perforated collar ( 84) which can be elastically expanded and which is provided in a leaf spring   (86) resting on the rear face of the support arm (85).   14.4 Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the brush (87) is provided with a nipple (89) made of weldable material or coated with a weldable surface layer, this nipple being welded with a leaf spring ( 35) based on   the rear face of the support arm (90).   15.- Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the additional fastening fastener in geometric connection of the brush (102) in the support arm (104) is constituted by a tube (105) capable of removal and engaged on the ends directed towards each other of these two elements.   16. Brush holder according to claim 8, characterized in that the additional fastening member for geometrically binding the brush (108) in the support arm (110) is constituted by a connecting braid (111) of the broom, this braid crossing a hole (112) of the   arm (110) and being anchored to the longitudinal movement   tudinal on the spring (114) which acts on the carrying arm.   17.- Brush holder according to any one   Claims 8 to 16, characterized in that the blade (58)   is applied geometrically, in opposition to the contact pressure, on a shoulder of the recess (60) of the support arm (59). Brush holder according to Claim 17, characterized in that the shoulder is constituted by a   conical portion (88) of the recess of the support arm (90).   19. Brush holder according to claim 18, characterized in that the shoulder is formed on a projection (101) of the wall of the recess (99) of the support arm (98), this   protrusion engaging an annular groove of the blade (97).   20.- Brush holder according to any one of   Claims 8 to 19, characterized in that the blade is,   in addition, fixed by an adhesive in the recess.du arm.   21 ..- Brush holder according to any one   Claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the spring   acting on the carrier arm to apply the brush to the rotating counter contact track serves at the same time as an electrical connection element of the brush. 22.- A brush holder according to claim 21, characterized in that the brush (31) incorporated molding in the support arm (30) has a nipple (43) with a surface   electrically conductive, this nipple being in electrical contact with   conductor with a leaf spring (35) acting on the carrying arm (30).   23.- Brush holder according to claim 22, characterized in that the pin (43) is constituted by a metal element incorporated in the molding in the blade (31) (Figures 1, 5, 6, 7).   24.- Brush holder according to any one of   claims 23, 11 and 12, characterized in that the spring   with a blade (35) projects under the nut (77) or under the head of the nipple Riveting (80).   25.- Brush holder according to claim 22, characterized in that the pin (56) is formed by molding in one piece on the broom (52).   26.- Brush holder according to.revendication, characterized in that the nipple is provided with a weldable surface layer and is assembled by welding with the spring to blade (35).