FR2484097A1 - Aircraft optical displacement sensor for helmet sighting system - uses dihedral prisms to form images of source for linear photo detector to indicate movement of head of pilot - Google Patents

Aircraft optical displacement sensor for helmet sighting system - uses dihedral prisms to form images of source for linear photo detector to indicate movement of head of pilot Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2484097A1
FR2484097A1 FR8012610A FR8012610A FR2484097A1 FR 2484097 A1 FR2484097 A1 FR 2484097A1 FR 8012610 A FR8012610 A FR 8012610A FR 8012610 A FR8012610 A FR 8012610A FR 2484097 A1 FR2484097 A1 FR 2484097A1
Authority
FR
France
Prior art keywords
source
images
angle
sensor according
prisms
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
FR8012610A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Dominique De Ponteves
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe de Fabrication dInstruments de Mesure SFIM SA
Original Assignee
Societe de Fabrication dInstruments de Mesure SFIM SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe de Fabrication dInstruments de Mesure SFIM SA filed Critical Societe de Fabrication dInstruments de Mesure SFIM SA
Priority to FR8012610A priority Critical patent/FR2484097A1/en
Publication of FR2484097A1 publication Critical patent/FR2484097A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/1066—Beam splitting or combining systems for enhancing image performance, like resolution, pixel numbers, dual magnifications or dynamic range, by tiling, slicing or overlapping fields of view
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
    • F41G3/00—Aiming or laying means
    • F41G3/22—Aiming or laying means for vehicle-borne armament, e.g. on aircraft
    • F41G3/225—Helmet sighting systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/144—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using partially transparent surfaces without spectral selectivity

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The appts. uses a luminous source which displaces in two directions and which is attached to the helmet of a pilot. The luminous beam is directed via an optical assembly to a detector. The optical assembly comprises a cube separator of which two faces are replaced by dihedral prisms in that the crest of the other in the semi transparent face. This forms two images which are transmitted via a cylindrical lens to the linear photosensitive detector. This detector is located at the focal point of the lens and at its output displaces a firing control system.

Description

L'invention concerne un capteur optique pour détecter
sur un récepteur photosensible le déplacement d'une, source
lumineuse.The invention relates to an optical sensor for detecting
displacement of a source on a photosensitive receiver
bright.

On connait des capteurs optiques qui comportent deux récepteurs photosensibles pour réaliser cette détection selon deux directions perpendiculaires, comme décrit par exemple dans le brevet français nO 77 23442. There are known optical sensors which comprise two photosensitive receivers for carrying out this detection in two perpendicular directions, as described for example in French patent No. 77 23442.

La présente invention concerne la detection, sur un même récepteur rectiligne, des composantes selon deux directions
perpendiculaires, du déplacement d'une source lumineuse.The present invention relates to the detection, on the same rectilinear receiver, of the components in two directions
perpendicular to the displacement of a light source.

L'invention s'applique notamment à la détection des mouvements de la tête d'un pilote, par exemple pour asservir à ce déplacement un système de tir en sorte que ce système suive les mouvements de la tête du pilote et ne nécessite plus 'qu'un réglage de finition lorsque le pilote vise un objectif vers lequel
sa tête est dirigée.The invention applies in particular to the detection of movements of the head of a pilot, for example to control this movement a shooting system so that this system follows the movements of the pilot's head and no longer requires that '' a finishing adjustment when the pilot aims at a target towards which
his head is pointed.

Le capteur de l'invention est caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend un ensemble optique conçu et disposé pour donner de la source deux images tournées d'un certain angle-l'une par rapport a l'a utre etpar le fait qu'il comprend une lentille cylindrique disposée pour transmettre ces images à l'élément de détection linéaire, la génératrice de la lentille étant perpendiculaire à l'élément de détection linéaire, lequel se trouve dans le plan focal de la lentille. The sensor of the invention is characterized in that it comprises an optical assembly designed and arranged to give the source two images rotated at a certain angle - one with respect to the other and by the fact that it comprises a cylindrical lens arranged to transmit these images to the linear detection element, the generator of the lens being perpendicular to the linear detection element, which is located in the focal plane of the lens.

On décrira ci-après une réalisation préférée de ce
capteur, en référence à la figure unique du dessin joint qui le représente schématiquement, la description et la figure étant mises à profit pour faire apparaître d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention.A preferred embodiment of this will be described below.
sensor, with reference to the single figure of the attached drawing which represents it diagrammatically, the description and the figure being used to reveal other characteristics of the invention.

Le dispositif représenté sur la figure comprend un
élément de détection linéaire photosensible 1, un ensemble optique 2 et une lentille cylindrique 3.The device shown in the figure comprises a
photosensitive linear detection element 1, an optical assembly 2 and a cylindrical lens 3.

L'élément de détection linéaire 1 est constitué de façon
en soi connue, par un ensemble de diodes ; on utilise par
exemple l'élément dit "Dispositif à charge couplée CCD" de la
Société FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR. The linear detection element 1 is constituted so
known per se, by a set of diodes; we use by
example the element called "CCD coupled load device" of the
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR.

L'ensemble optique 2 est constitué par des prismes. Dans la réalisation préférée qui est représentée, cet ensemble est constitué par un cube séparateur (face semi-transparente ABHG) dont une face (ABCD) a été remplacée par un dièdre (AEFG, BEFC) et dont une autre face adjacente (ABIK) a été également remplacée par un dièdre (ALE, ILM), en sorte que les deux dièdres aient leurs arêtes EF et LM parallèles dans l'espace objet à deux directions faisant entre elles un angle de 450. L'arête LM est par exemple parallèle à la diagonale KB de la face ABIK et l'autre arête EF est parallèle aux côtés AD et BC de la face ADCD. The optical assembly 2 is constituted by prisms. In the preferred embodiment which is represented, this assembly is constituted by a separating cube (semi-transparent face ABHG) of which one face (ABCD) has been replaced by a dihedral (AEFG, BEFC) and of which another adjacent face (ABIK) has has also been replaced by a dihedral (ALE, ILM), so that the two dihedrons have their EF and LM edges parallel in object space with two directions making an angle of 450 between them. The LM edge is for example parallel to the diagonal KB of the face ABIK and the other edge EF is parallel to the sides AD and BC of the face ADCD.

L'arête de l'un des dièdres fait donc un angle de 450 avec l'image de l'arête de l'autre dièdre dans la face semitransparente. The edge of one of the dihedrons therefore makes an angle of 450 with the image of the edge of the other dihedron in the semitransparent face.

La lentille cylindrique 3 est disposée en sorte que l'élément de détection linéaire 1 soit au foyer de la lentille. The cylindrical lens 3 is arranged so that the linear detection element 1 is at the focus of the lens.

En outre, cette lentille est disposée en sorte que sa génératrice soit perpendiculaire à l'élément de détection linéaire place en son plan focal. In addition, this lens is arranged so that its generatrix is perpendicular to the linear detection element placed in its focal plane.

Sur la figure, OY et OZ représentent les deux directions des composantes de déplacement de la source S. In the figure, OY and OZ represent the two directions of the displacement components of the source S.

L'ensemble optique 2 en donne deux images T,T' que la lentille cylindrique 3 envoie sur le détecteur rectiligne 1. De façon en soi connue, ce détecteur peut transformer les informations ainsi reçues en signaux électriques correspondants qui sont transmis à un appareil d'exploitation. The optical assembly 2 gives two images T, T 'which the cylindrical lens 3 sends to the rectilinear detector 1. In a manner known per se, this detector can transform the information thus received into corresponding electrical signals which are transmitted to a device d 'exploitation.

Pour distinguer les images respectives'des deux dièdres, il est avantageux de donner à 1'un des dièdres un angle légèrement différent de 90 . De cette façon, ce dièdre fournit deux images au lieu d'une image unique. To distinguish the respective images of the two dihedrons, it is advantageous to give one of the dihedrons an angle slightly different from 90. In this way, this dihedral provides two images instead of a single image.

La source S est fixée au casque dans le cas de l'application mentionnée plus haut, de façon en soi connue, et l'appareil d'exploitation commande par les signaux de sortie du détecteur déplace le système de tir.  The source S is fixed to the helmet in the case of the application mentioned above, in a manner known per se, and the operating device controlled by the detector output signals moves the shooting system.

Claims (6)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Capteur optique pour détecter les composantes selon deux directions perpendiculaires du déplacement d'une source lumineuse1 au moyen d'un seul élément de détection linéaire photosensible, caractérisé par le fait que le capteur comprend un ensemble optique conçu et dispose pour donner de la source deux images tournées d'un certain angle l'une par rapport à l'autre, par le fait qu'il comprend une lentille cylindrique disposée pour transmettre ces images à l'élément de détection linéaire, et par le fait que cet élément se trouve dans le plan focal de la lentille et est disposé perpendiculairement à la génératrice de la lentille.1. Optical sensor for detecting the components in two perpendicular directions of the movement of a light source1 by means of a single photosensitive linear detection element, characterized in that the sensor comprises an optical assembly designed and arranged to give the source two images rotated at a certain angle with respect to each other, by the fact that it comprises a cylindrical lens arranged to transmit these images to the linear detection element, and by the fact that this element is located in the focal plane of the lens and is arranged perpendicular to the generatrix of the lens. 2. Capteur selon la revendication 1, caraceérisé par le fait que l'ensemble optique est un ensemble de prismes et que l'angle entre les deux images est de 9002. Sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical assembly is a set of prisms and that the angle between the two images is 900 3. Capteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'ensemble optique est constitué par un cube séparateur dont deux faces adjacentes symétriques par rapport à la face semitransparente sont remplacées par des dièdres d'angle 900 dont l'arête de l'un fait un angle de 450 avec l'image de l'arete de l'autre dans la face semi-transparente.3. Sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that the optical assembly is constituted by a separating cube of which two adjacent faces symmetrical with respect to the semitransparent face are replaced by dihedrons of angle 900 whose edge of the one makes an angle of 450 with the image of the edge of the other in the semi-transparent face. 4. Capteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'un des dièdres a son arête parallèle à la diagonale de la face qu'il remplace et l'autre dièdre a son arête perpendiculaire à cette face.4. Sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that one of the dihedrons has its edge parallel to the diagonal of the face which it replaces and the other dihedron has its edge perpendicular to this face. 5. Capteur selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé par le fait que l'angle de l'un des dièdres est légèrement différent de 900 de façon que ce dièdre fournisse un couple d'images de la source.5. Sensor according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the angle of one of the dihedrons is slightly different from 900 so that this dihedron provides a couple of images of the source. 6. Capteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que le détecteur commande le déplaeement-a'un système de tir pour que ce déplacement suive les mouvements d'une tête munie de ladite source lumineuse, de façon en soi-connue. 6. Sensor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the detector controls the movement-a'a shooting system so that this movement follows the movements of a head provided with said light source, so as self-known.
FR8012610A 1980-06-06 1980-06-06 Aircraft optical displacement sensor for helmet sighting system - uses dihedral prisms to form images of source for linear photo detector to indicate movement of head of pilot Pending FR2484097A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8012610A FR2484097A1 (en) 1980-06-06 1980-06-06 Aircraft optical displacement sensor for helmet sighting system - uses dihedral prisms to form images of source for linear photo detector to indicate movement of head of pilot

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8012610A FR2484097A1 (en) 1980-06-06 1980-06-06 Aircraft optical displacement sensor for helmet sighting system - uses dihedral prisms to form images of source for linear photo detector to indicate movement of head of pilot

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
FR2484097A1 true FR2484097A1 (en) 1981-12-11

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FR8012610A Pending FR2484097A1 (en) 1980-06-06 1980-06-06 Aircraft optical displacement sensor for helmet sighting system - uses dihedral prisms to form images of source for linear photo detector to indicate movement of head of pilot

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1075840C (en) * 1997-03-12 2001-12-05 “切佩茨基机械加工厂”股份公司 Method for producing tubing products based on zircon alloys

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB342036A (en) * 1928-11-19 1931-01-29 Alex Pilny
GB492364A (en) * 1935-12-18 1938-09-19 Robert Erich Asche Improvements relating to colour photography
GB1359581A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-07-10 British Aircraft Corp Ltd Optical trackers
FR2266897A1 (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-31 Instruments Sa
FR2330228A1 (en) * 1975-10-30 1977-05-27 Xerox Corp LINEAR PHOTODETECTORS MOUNTING

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB342036A (en) * 1928-11-19 1931-01-29 Alex Pilny
GB492364A (en) * 1935-12-18 1938-09-19 Robert Erich Asche Improvements relating to colour photography
GB1359581A (en) * 1973-01-05 1974-07-10 British Aircraft Corp Ltd Optical trackers
FR2266897A1 (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-31 Instruments Sa
FR2330228A1 (en) * 1975-10-30 1977-05-27 Xerox Corp LINEAR PHOTODETECTORS MOUNTING

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1075840C (en) * 1997-03-12 2001-12-05 “切佩茨基机械加工厂”股份公司 Method for producing tubing products based on zircon alloys

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