FR2480569A1 - COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVING THE USE OF FOOD IN RUMINANTS AND PRODUCTS USED THEREFOR - Google Patents

Abstract

COMPOSITION TO IMPROVE THE USE OF FOOD IN RUMINANTS AND PRODUCTS USED FOR THIS EFFECT. IN THIS COMPOSITION, CARRIOMYCIN AND OR PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACCEPTABLE SALTS OF IT ARE USED AS THEY ARE EFFECTIVE IN IMPROVING THE USE OF FOOD IN RUMINANTS.

Description

Composition to improve the use of food

  in ruminants and products used for this purpose.

  The present invention relates to a composition for improving the utilization of food in ruminants. A character of ruminants is their ability to use

  cellulose, hemicellulose and nonprotein nitrogen, effectively

  However, ruminants have the disadvantage that energy from concentrates when ingested is significantly lost as heat and gases in the

  fermentation process in their rumen (the first stomach).

  Ruminants gain more than half of their energy demand from the volatile fatty acids produced by the microorganisms in the rumen. Thus carbohydrates ingested orally are broken down into pyruvic acid in the rumen and various volatile fatty acids are produced through this pyruvic acid. The mainly produced fatty acids are acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid as well as small amounts of isovaleric acid and valeric acid. No energy loss is involved in the

  process of converting pyruvic acid into

  in this case, it is rather a slight increase

  the retention of energy that occurs using the efficiency of the mass of hydrogen ions. However, in the production of acetic acid or butyric acid, some of the energy is lost in the form of methane,

  carbon dioxide or hydrogen. Therefore, put the rumors

  the use of carbohydrates as a source of energy can be increased by regulating the fermentation condition in the rumen in order to decrease the relative production of acetic acid and butyric acid and to increase production.

relative propionic acid.

  Certain antibiotics including monensin (US Pat. No. 3,839,557 and salinomycin (Japanese Patent Publication, unexamined, No. 93578/1977, Belgian Patent No. 846142) are known to have the potential to improve the utilization of food in ruminants. but in view of the demand

  enormous food for these animals and the safety march

  Because of the close relationship between the effective level and the toxic level of these compounds, there is a need to develop a safe compound with superior activity to increase food utilization.

  Since ruminants are weak transfor-

  meat concentrates, improving the use of

  of food by operating on the fermentation in the

  belly would be of great economic and social contribution.

  The extensive research conducted by the present inventors for agents that would lead to a relatively greater production of propionic acid in the fermentation process in the rumen has resulted in

  the unexpected discovery that carriomycin shows an activity

  particular potential for increasing the production of propionic acid and the above-mentioned known agents have only a narrow effective concentration range beyond which a sharp decrease in volatile fatty acid production due to to their toxic effect, was confirmed, carriomycin is superior with respect to

  the magnitude of the effective concentration and the characteristics

  increase in the production of propionic acid.

  proportionally, thus having characteristics

  which are of great practical use.

  The research carried out subsequently

  furthermore, that when carriomycin or a salt thereof is added to a complete ration for ruminants, the food processing ratio is remarkably improved and their body weight is also

  increased without a decrease in appetite.

  Another surprising discovery is that,

  the activity improving the use of the food of the

  conventional polyetheric antibiotics, such as monensin and salinomycin, are such that these antibiotics increase the body weight of animals when added to roughage-based foods, they do not appreciably show their activity because of their reduced absorption by food when added to concentrate-based foods carriomycin / produces a marked increase in body weight, whether added to roughage or feed-based foods.

of concentrate.

  The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the use of

  ruminant food, which includes the administration of

  ruminants of carriomycin, or a salt thereof,

  physiologically acceptable and another object is to provide

  a composition to improve the use of

  in ruminants containing carriomycin or the salt above. Other objects will appear more clearly

  as described and in the claims

  appended. Carriomycin is a polyether antibiotic which is also known as Antibiotic T-42082, and the properties of the producer of this antibiotic, the process for making the antibiotic and the physicochemical and biological properties of this antibiotic are well indicated in the literature. U.S. Patent 4,093,166, Journal of Antibiotics (Tokyo) 31 (1), 7-14 (1978). In addition, Streptomyces hygroscopicus T-42082, a strain producing carriomycin has been deposited at the Institute for Fermentation, Osaka, Japan and the American Type Culture Collection, U.S.A. under the deposit numbers

  IFO 13609 and ATCC 31080 respectively.

  Carriomycin can be used in the form

  acid, or in the form of the salt having a phy-

  siologically acceptable such as an alkali metal (sodium: potassium, etc.), an alkaline earth metal (calcium, etc.) or the like. Salts are particularly preferred

of sodium and potassium.

  In the practice of the present invention, it is not necessary that carriomycin or its salt be

  a pure product. It will be economically advantageous to use

  58 the dried fermentation broth as it is, diluted with regular food or drinking water according to

  the concentration of carriomycin in the broth.

  The agent improving the use of the

  The present invention is prepared by diluting carriomycin. or a salt thereof with a solid diluent or liquid and / or / ra in such forms as powders, powders, granules, tablets, liquids or capsules or by adding it to foods or to drinking water directly or after prior dispersion

in a diluent.

  The diluent may be any substance that is physiologically safe and is preferably one that can by itself be a food or food component. Solid vehicles that can be used include roughage such as hay, forage grass, silage, etc., concentrates such as cereals (corn, barley, wheat, rice, oats, etc.)) meal meal (flour soya flour, safflower flour, etc.), and sounds (rice bran, wheat bran, etc.), lactose, sucrose, glucose, yeast, fish meal, talc, clay, alabaster Liquid vehicles that can to be used include

  water, physiological saline and organic organic solvents

  siologically harmless for example. It is also possible

  to add other auxiliary agents such as emul-

  agents, dispersing agents, suspending agents,

  board, wetting agents, thickeners, gelling agents, solubilizers etc. In addition, preservatives, fungicides, growth promoting factors (hormone stimulating

  synthetic follicles, etc.) antibiotics,

  enzymes, bacterial preparations of lactic acid,

  that, etc. can also be used.

  The easiest and most convenient method using the agent of the present invention to improve the utilization of food in ruminants such as cattle, goats and sheep and oral administration as incorporated into food. However, if desired, the agent may be administered directly to the animal's paw. Although this agent can be administered to ruminants at any stage of growth, it is

  it is preferable to apply it after establishing their

  fermentation in the pion (eg

  3 months after giving birth in the case of; cattle).

  Although the dosage of carriomycin, or its physiologically acceptable salts, varies with the species and

  the age of the animal, the daily and normally

  60 g to 3 mg and preferably about 200 g to 1.5 mg per kg body weight of the ruminant. The preferred concentration of the active agent in the diet is about 0.3 to

  ppm and, preferably) from about 1 to 50 ppm.

  If necessary, the agent of the present invention may be administered in combination with small amounts of protein foods, minerals, molasses foods, etc. Compared to conventional enhancers

  the use of polyether type food, carriomycin

  Cine can be safely administered to ruminants.

  In ruminants although the importance of improvement in the use of food brought by

  the addition of conventional agents is approximately 10%, the carrio-

  Mycine according to the present invention produces an improvement of about 15 to 20%. In addition, the latter typically produces a gain in body weight of about 20% greater than the control value. The agent of this

  invention is an excellent additive for food, especially

  because it produces an increase in body weight of about 15% when added to food-based foods

concentrates.

  The present invention is illustrated by the following non-limiting, descriptive examples describing the effects of administering carriomycin or a salt thereof. Example 1 In vitro fermentation test in pigeon with bovine pork juice The contents of the bovine pork containing a fistula, grown on rice straw> a cube of hay and concentrate containing 73.6% of TDN (total digestive nutrient) is 10.5% DCP (crude digestive protein) is filtered through four layers of cheesecloth and the filtrate is added an equal volume of buffer solution / McDougall

  to prepare a buffered solution of pore juice.

  Each of carriomycin and monensin

  (Journal of Animal Science 43 (3), 657-664 (1976)) is

  bunker in 1 ml of methanol and added to 29 ml of the above buffered solution / McDougall of pea juice. The mixture is incubated with 1 g of corn starch as a substrate for 8 hours according to the methods described in Journal of Animal Science 45 (2), 385-392 (1977). The culture incubated is centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 20 minutes.

  minutes and a pre-determined portion of the liquid above

the

  swimming is subjected / gas chromatography (detection

  FID, flame ionisation detector)) for a determi-

  quantity of volatile fatty acids produced microbially

logically from the substrate.

  Table 1 Production of volatile fatty acids after 8 hours of in vitro culture Total amount Acid Acid

  of acetylpropionic butyric acid

  Additive (lg / ml) volatile only b (mM / 1) a) (mole percentage) Control 35.4 64.2 18.3 17.5 no additive Sodium-1 40.5 59.2 25 , 9 14.9 carriomycin 3 42.4 59.6 25.3 15.1

41.9 58.1 28.5 13.6

37.8 56.3 31.2 12.5

  Sodium- 1 38.5 60.1 23.8 16.1 monensin 3 37.7 60.1 24.1 15.7

35.0 59.6 26.2 14.2

32.1 55.1 29.4 15.5

  a) Total acetic, propionic and butyric acids.

  (b) The mole percent of each fatty acid by contribution to

  the total amount of volatile fatty acids.

  According to Table 1, the addition of a quantity

  appropriate dose of carrlomycin does not decrease> but increases

  Tit.l.a total production of volatile fatty acids and causes an increase of 42 to 93 mol% propionic acid

  with a decrease in the amounts of acetic and butyric acid

  America. The increase in propionic acid production by adding the carriomene is highly significant compared to the addition of monensin which is known to have

similar activity.

Example 2

  Effect of a Food Containing Lacaromycin on Fertilizer

cattle.

  Japanese brown cattle are used in groups of 5 animals (medium body peas 237 kg). The test animals are fed diets supplemented with 0, 10 and 30 ppm sodium carriomycin for 308 days to investigate the effects of addition of carriomycin. The

  9 parts by weight of a concentrate consisting of

  73.6% of TDN and 10.5% of DCP (Table 2) with some

  of rice straw 5 cm in length and is supplied ad libi-

  tum. Separately mineral salt is provided for ad libitum ingestion. Water is also supplied at will from a water supply device. During the experiment

  the absorption of food and the weight of the body are

  at 2 weeks intervals and the conversion report

  morning of the food is determined from the records

  m Table 2 Composition of concentrated feed Materials Percentage Barley 30 Mats 40 Wheat bran 16 Defatted rice bran 6 Soybean meal 6 Sodium chloride 1 Calcium carbonate 1 Total 100 Table 3 Effect of carriomycin-containing food on l fattening cattle (average 65 cattle)

  Concentration gain of Quantity of Tram Rate

  sodium-car- weight daily-food formation of riomycin in dien a) absorbed by food ration (ppm) (kg) day b) (kg) c)

0 0.91 8.66 9.52

1.10 8.59 7.81

1.05 8.01 7.63

  a: weight gain of the body during the period divided by the number of Days of fattening b: amount of food absorbed during the

  period divided by the number of days of fertilizer-

  c: quantity of food abscrbated divided by gain

of body weight.

  The results are shown in Table 3.

  The addition of carriomycin to food causes an increase in

  15% to 21% weight gain in body weight

  significant change in the amount of food

  > resulting in an improvement of 18 to 25% in the rate

food processing.

Example 3

  Effect of food containing carriomycin on sheep 30 sheep of the Japanese Corriedale breed having a

  average weight of 24 kg are used in groups of 10 animals.

  The animals are kept with a ration of 0.3

  and 10 ppm sodium-carriomycin for 70 days for

  the effect of the addition of carriomycin. The food contains 40% mixed hay, grinded with curly hairs

  and meadowweet, 38% wheat bran and 20% maize,

  with 1% calcium carbonate and 1% sodium chloride

  dium. The ration is provided ad libitum. Separately mineral salt is freely supplied. The drinking water is also supplied from a water supply device for ad libitum ingestion. During the experimental period, the amount of food absorbed and the weight of the body are

  recorded at intervals of a week. The conversion rate

  of food is determined from these records.

  ments. Table 4 Effect of food containing carriomycin on sheep a: weight gain during the period divided by the number of feeding days

  b: quantity of food absorbed during the period

  divided by the number of Days of Feeding c: absorbed amount of food divided by the

weight gain.

  The results are summarized in Table 4. The addi-

  carriomycin to food causes an increase in

  4% to 16% weight gain without changing a change

  any significant difference in the amount of food

  , resulting in an improvement of 12 to 14% in the

  food processing rate.

Example 4

  In order to improve the use of food

  in ruminants, carriomycin and / or a salt thereof

  may be used, for example, in the following dosage forms:

0 vantes.

  1) Sodium carriomycline 20% Soja flour 80% Total 100%

  Both materials are crushed and mixed uniformly

  to prepare a 20% sodium-carriomycin powder.

  This 20% powder is added to the food at a rate of 1.5 to 500 ppm and the resulting fortified food is given

To animals.

  Concentration of Quantity Gain Rate of Trans-

  sodium-carriomy- daily weight of milk fed into the diet absorbed food ration (ppm) (g) drop) ar (b) (kg)

0 159 1.48 9.31

185 1.52 8.23

181 1.46 8.05

  2) Sodium, .carriomycin 5% Wheat bran 95% Total 100% Both materials are ground and mixed uniformly

  to prepare a 5% sodium-carriomycin powder.

  This 5% powder is added to the food at a rate of 6 to 2000 ppm and the resulting fortified food is given

To animals.

  3) Sodium carriomycin 5 g Ethanol 75 mg Water the rest Total 100 ml

  In 75 ml of ethanol are dissolved 5 g of sodium

  carriomycin and supplemented with water up to 100 ml. This

  hydroethanol solution tele quebejou after further dilution

  with water) is given at the rate of 0.06 to 20 ml / day / head.

Claims (11)

  1. Composition for improving the utilization of food in ruminants) that contains a quantity   effective treatment of carriomycin or a physiological salt thereof   acceptable, and an excipient, vehicle or diluent for this product.   2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized   by the fact that it is in the form of food.   3. Composition according to claim 2, characterized in that the food contains carriomycin) or a physiologically acceptable salt thereof, at a concentration weight from about 0.3 to 100 ppm.   4. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the physiologically acceptable salt is a salt.   of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal salt.   5. Composition according to claim 4, characterized   in that the alkali metal salt is a sodium salt.   6. Carriomycin or physiologically acceptable salt   of it, to be used for the improvement of the ruminants in ruminants.   7. Carriomycin or physiologically acceptable salt thereof, for use according to claim 6, characterized in that the compound is administered orally at a dose of about 60 gg to 3 mg per kilogram of weight. 2.5 of the body per day.   Carriomycin or physiologically acceptable salt thereof for use according to claim 6,   characterized by the fact that ruminants are cattle.   9. Carriomycin or physiologically acceptable salt thereof, for use according to claim 6,   characterized by the fact that ruminants are sheep.   10. Carriomycin or physiologically acceptable salt   of it to be used in the preparation of a composition   to improve the use of food in ruminants.