FR2478703A1 - Structural insulation comprising prefabricated hollow profiles - to simplify erection of cast concrete structures - Google Patents

Structural insulation comprising prefabricated hollow profiles - to simplify erection of cast concrete structures Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2478703A1
FR2478703A1 FR8006556A FR8006556A FR2478703A1 FR 2478703 A1 FR2478703 A1 FR 2478703A1 FR 8006556 A FR8006556 A FR 8006556A FR 8006556 A FR8006556 A FR 8006556A FR 2478703 A1 FR2478703 A1 FR 2478703A1
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Prior art keywords
thermal
elements
acoustic insulation
combustible
insulation
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Granted
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FR8006556A
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FR2478703B1 (en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

Structural insulation is prefabricated as self-supporting hollow beam or slab profiles which can be assembled to produce interconnecting internal passages for filling in situ with cast concrete or other load-bearing materials. The thermal/acoustic insulating material may be of e.g. plaster or cement filled with mica, cork, expanded clay, or of a fire retardant or incombustible cellular material, such as polyurethane, phenolic foam or (modified) expanded polystyrene. Pref. the insulation is prefabricated on a modular scale, i.e. corresp. to a conventional room height, or ceiling span interval. The internal passages are longitudinal, opt. with lateral branches to one or both faces; some of the passages may be used to accommodate concealed services (pipes, cables etc.). Simplifies construction, allows structural casting to proceed despite cold ambient conditions by insulating the concrete during setting. May be fitted over internal steel reinforcing rods mounted on foundations etc.

Description

PROCEDE DE CONSTRUCTION REALISE AVEC DES ELEMENTS
D'ISOLATION THERMIQUE, ACOUSTIQUE ET INCORBUSTIBLES
POSES EN COFFRAGE PERDU
DESCRIPTION
La présente invention a pour objet des éléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique et acoustique posés en coffrage perdu de murs, planchers ou sous-toitures permettant la construction simplifiéç, donc économique, de tous batiments
Antérieurement la construction d'un batiment était réalisée par des ouvriers hautement-qualifiés pour
10 Monter des murs en pierres, briques, agglomérés, Béton entre coffrages ou autres matériaux avec ou sans pans de bois, fer ou béton-armé et remplissage
20 Réaliser des planchers avec poutres et solives en bois, fer ou béton-armé avec hourdis de remplissage, ou couler des dalles pleines en béton-armé sur coffrage
30 Fabriquer une charpente en bois ou en fer et la poser pour supporter la couverture
40 Poser les chutes et descentes d'eau pluviale ainsi que les conduits de fumée et de ventilation
5 Fixer les canalisations apparentes d'eau, de chauffage, d'électricité, de téléphone etc... ou les encastrer
60 Ajouter une isolation thermique sur l'ensemble afin de réaliser des économies d'énergie
70 En général protéger cette isolation par des contre-cloisons ou des faux plafonds
80 Enfin enduire en platre ou en ciment un ou deux parements des murs ainsi que les cloisons & plafonds
De toutes ces interventions, avec une main-d'oeuvre hautement qualifiée de plus en plus difficile à trouver, il ressortait un prix de revient élevé du gros-oeuvre
Le problème consistait donc à concevoir un procédé de construction plus simple, moins cher et réalisable par une main-d'oeuvre moins qualifiée obtenant forcément une finition impeccable
La présente invention a pour objet la préfabrication d'éléments isolants incombustibles (1 & ') finis aux deux parements (4), de l'épaisseur des murs et planchers et d'une longueur (6) correspondant à une hauteur d'étage ou à la portée normale (6) des planchers ou des sous-toitures . +
Ces éléments (1 & ') comportant des alvéoles tubulaires (2) & BR< des nervures 1/2 circulaires (3) sont fabriqués en matières ou conglomérats incombustibles et isolants, connus ou inconnus;On réalise ainsi un produit industriel nouveau
Les nervures 1/2 circulaires (3) permettent de couler la matière destinée à rendre solidaires les éléments (loul') juxtaposés
Les alvéoles tubulaires (2) permettent : le de couler les po teaux, chainages et nervures en béton-armé constituant l'ossature porteuse du batiment ; 20 dtincorporer les chutes et descentes pluviales en PVC ou autre, les conduits de fumée en fibro-ciment, métal ou autre, les ventilations avec ou sans tubage, ainsi que les réseaux divers : eaux, chauffage, électricité, téléphone etc..
CONSTRUCTION METHOD PRODUCED WITH ELEMENTS
THERMAL INSULATION, ACOUSTIC AND INCORBUSTIBLE
POSES IN LOST FORMWORK
DESCRIPTION
The subject of the present invention is incombustible elements of thermal and acoustic insulation placed in lost formwork of walls, floors or sub-roofs allowing the simplified construction, thus economic, of all buildings.
Previously the construction of a building was carried out by highly qualified workers to
10 Erecting walls made of stone, bricks, agglomerates, Concrete between formwork or other materials with or without timber, iron or reinforced concrete and filling
20 Make floors with beams and joists made of wood, iron or reinforced concrete with filling slabs, or pour concrete-reinforced solid slabs on formwork
30 Making a wooden or iron frame and laying it to support the roof
40 Lay down falls and downspouts as well as flues and vents
5 Fix the visible pipes of water, heating, electricity, telephone etc ... or embed them
60 Add thermal insulation to the assembly to save energy
70 In general, protect this insulation with bulkheads or false ceilings
80 Finally plaster or cement one or two siding walls and partitions and ceilings
Of all these interventions, with a highly qualified workforce increasingly difficult to find, it emerged a high cost of the structural work
The problem was therefore to design a simpler construction process, cheaper and achievable by a less qualified workforce necessarily getting a flawless finish
The present invention relates to the prefabrication of incombustible insulating elements (1 &') finished at the two facings (4), the thickness of the walls and floors and a length (6) corresponding to a floor height or at normal reach (6) of floors or sub-roofs. +
These elements (1 &') comprising tubular cells (2) and circular circular ribs (3) are made of incombustible and insulating materials or conglomerates, known or unknown, thereby producing a new industrial product.
The circular 1/2 ribs (3) make it possible to cast the material intended to make the juxtaposed elements (loul ') integral.
The tubular cells (2) allow: the casting of concrete-reinforced concrete beams, chains and ribs constituting the supporting framework of the building; 20 Incorporate falls and downspouts in PVC or other, smoke pipes made of fiber cement, metal or other, ventilation with or without casing, as well as various networks: water, heating, electricity, telephone etc.

sansfixation .  without fixation.

Pour édifier un batiment d'après cette invention, on commence par régler les semelles de chainage et d'implantation (10) sur lesquelles sont placé les éléments d'isolation (1) posés en coffrage perdu, sans pont thermique
le Les murs sont réalisés avec les éléments isolants tl) de toute hauteur d'étage (6) finis aux deux parements (4) juxtaposés verticalement, les clavages sont coulés dans les nervures (3) pour les rendre solidaires entre eux, les armatures sont enfilées dans les quelques alvéoles verticaux (2) ou sont prévus les poteaux porteurs puis le béton est coulé et le mur terminé avec son isolation et ses enduits, dans temps record 1
20 Les planchers sont réalisés par les bléments isolants (1') juxtaposés horizontalement, finis en sous-face (4) mais étayés tous les lm50 environ pour permettre leur mise en place et le coulage, les clavages coulés dans les nervures (3) par les trous (8) pour les rendre solidaires entre eux . Les alvéoles dans lesquels il n'est pas prévu de poteaux ou nervures ainsi que leurs trous de coulage (9) sont obstrués par des bouchons (7) . Les armatures sont enfilées dans ceux des alvéoles (2) horizontaux formant ner- vures et les armatures de chainage posées sur l'arase des murs, dans l'épaisseur du plancher .Puis le béton est coulé par les trous (9) dans les nervures en même temps que la dalle de compression (dc) avec laquelle elles travaillent, ainsi que les chainages constituant ainsi un ensemble monolithique terminé y compris le plafond, sauf les revêtements de sol très variables
Le processus reste le même d'étage en étage, le nombre des poteaux diminuant en rapport avec les charges
La sous--toiture évitant la charpente est éxecutée comme les planchers, les murs arasés par un élément spécial tel4) formant corniche et chainage (13) avec créneau encastré (15) se raccordant aux descentes pluviales (16) incorporées dans les murs
Le même procédé d'isolation et de construction peut être employé pour réaliser le bardage des batiments industriels ou commerciaux de grande surface et de grande hauteur . Dans ce cas le pare meat-extOrieur est mouluré, fini et teinté dans la masse à la prE- fabrication (18) .
To build a building according to this invention, we begin by adjusting the chaining and implantation soles (10) on which are placed the insulation elements (1) placed in lost formwork, without thermal bridge
the walls are made with insulating elements tl) of any floor height (6) finished at both sides (4) juxtaposed vertically, the keyings are cast in the ribs (3) to make them integral with each other, the frames are threaded into the few vertical cells (2) where the load-bearing columns are provided and then the concrete is poured and the wall finished with its insulation and its coatings, in record time 1
The floors are made by insulating elements (1 ') juxtaposed horizontally, finished on the underside (4) but shored every lm50 approximately to allow their introduction and casting, the keyings cast in the ribs (3) by the holes (8) to make them integral with each other. The cells in which no posts or ribs are provided and their pouring holes (9) are blocked by plugs (7). The reinforcements are threaded into those of the horizontal cells (2) forming ribs and the chaining reinforcements placed on the base of the walls, in the thickness of the floor. Then the concrete is poured through the holes (9) in the ribs. at the same time as the compression slab (dc) with which they work, as well as the chainings thus constituting a completed monolithic assembly including the ceiling, except very variable floor coverings
The process remains the same from floor to floor, the number of posts decreasing in relation to the loads
The under - roof avoiding the frame is executed as the floors, the walls leveled by a special element tel4) forming a cornice and chainage (13) with recessed crenel (15) connecting to the downspouts (16) incorporated into the walls
The same method of insulation and construction can be used for cladding industrial or commercial buildings of large surface and high. In this case the meat-outer edge is molded, finished and stained in the mass at pre-manufacture (18).

Sur les dessins ci-joints on a représenté un exemple non limitatif de réalisation de l'invention . On voit
FIG1 i: Vue de face avec coupe transversale d'un 616ment (1) ses nervures 1/2 circulaires de clavage (3) ses deux parements finis (4) ses alvéoles tubulaires (2) de 160 m/m de pour l'exemple et dont l'entraxe (5) défini le module de fabrication et l'épais- seur (5) de l'élément (1 ou 1') 0,25 exemple non restrictif
FIG.2 : Vue de coté et coupe transversale d'un élément (l)fini aux deux parements (4) de longueur variable (6) correspondant à une hauteur-d'6tage, sa largeur étant de deux modules et son épais seur de un module
FIG.3 :Vue de face et coupe transversale d'un élément d'angle avec ses nervures (3) ses parements finis (4) et ses alvéoles
FIG.4 : Axonométrie représentant un angle de-mur réalisé avec plusieurs éléments (1) juxtaposés
FIG.5 : Bouchon (7) servant à obstruer les alvéoles (2) non coulés ou les trous de coulage (9) inutilisés
FIG.6 : Coupe longitudinale suivant B-B d'un élément de plancher (1') fini en plafond (4) avec ses nervures de clavage (3) et leurs trous de coulage (8) longueur variable (6) correspondant à la portée
FIG.7 : Coupe longitudinale suivant A-A d'un élément de plancher (1') fini en sous-face (4) dans lequel sont réservés des trous (9) permettant le coulage des nervures dans les alvéoles tubulaires (2) et leur liaisonnement avec la dalle de compression (dc)
FIG,8 : Vue en plan et coupe transversale de deux éléments de plancher (1') avec les alvéoles tubulaires t2) les nervures (3)1es trous de coulage (8)& (9) et les bouchons (7)
FIG.10 : Coupe transversale de principe indiquant : la semel- le (lot, les poteaux (11), les nervures (12), la dalle de compression (dc) et les chainages (13) ainsi que l'assemblage des divers éléments entre eux
PIG.ll : Coupe transversale de l'élément formant corniche(14) avec son chéneau encastré tel (15) et son raccordement à la descente pluviale encastrée (16)
In the accompanying drawings there is shown a non-limiting embodiment of the invention. We see
FIG 1 i: Front view with cross-section of an element (1) its circular half-keying ribs (3) its two finished facings (4) its tubular cells (2) of 160 m / m for the example and whose center distance (5) defines the manufacturing module and the thickness (5) of the element (1 or 1 ') 0.25 non-restrictive example
FIG. 2: Side view and cross section of a finished element (1) at the two facings (4) of variable length (6) corresponding to a height-detage, its width being of two modules and its thickness of a module
FIG.3: Front view and cross section of a corner element with its ribs (3) its finished facings (4) and its cells
FIG.4: Axonometric representation of a wall angle realized with several elements (1) juxtaposed
FIG.5: Plug (7) used to obstruct unused cells (2) or pour holes (9) that are not used
FIG. 6: Longitudinal section along BB of a finished ceiling element (1 ') (4) with its keying ribs (3) and its casting holes (8) of variable length (6) corresponding to the span
FIG. 7: Longitudinal section along AA of a floor element (1 ') finished on the underside (4) in which are reserved holes (9) allowing casting of the ribs in the tubular cells (2) and their bonding with the compression slab (dc)
FIG, 8: Plan and cross-sectional view of two floor elements (1 ') with the tubular cells t2) the ribs (3) the casting holes (8) & (9) and the plugs (7)
FIG. 10: Cross section of principle indicating: the sole (batch, the posts (11), the ribs (12), the compression slab (dc) and the chains (13) as well as the assembly of the various elements between them
PIG.ll: Cross section of the cornice element (14) with its recessed gutter tel (15) and its connection to the recessed downspout (16)

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Eléménts incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (1) & 1') caractérisés par le fait qutils comportent sur toute leur longueur des alvéoles tubulaires (2) & des nervures de clavage permettant de réalises, après juxtaposition des éléments, un liaisonnement entre eux pour constituer un ensemble monolithique utilisé en coffrage perdu de murs (1) ou planchers & sous-toitures (l')pour ce nouveau procédé de construction 1. incombustible insulating thermal & acoustic insulators (1) & 1 ') characterized by the fact that they comprise tubular cells (2) along their entire length, and keying ribs making it possible, after juxtaposition of the elements, to bond between they constitute a monolithic assembly used in lost formwork of walls (1) or floors & under-roofs (l ') for this new construction process 2.Eléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (1) & 1') selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par les innombrables matières isolantes permettant de les fabriquer 2.Noncombustible elements of thermal & acoustic insulation (1) & 1 ') according to claim 1, characterized by the innumerable insulating materials for making them Exemples non limitatifs : liant platre, ciment ou autre avec mica, argile, verre, liège, etc ... expansés ; fibres de bois, védétales ou autres ; tous produits chimiques connus ou inconnus (genre polystirène ou polyurétane, etc mais incombustibles) ou ceux qui par leur réaction peuvent rendre un béton cellulaire ; etc......  Non-limiting examples: binder plaster, cement or other with mica, clay, glass, cork, etc ... expanded; wood fibers, vedetals or others; all known or unknown chemicals (such as polystyrene or polyurethane, etc., but incombustible) or those which by their reaction may render a cellular concrete; etc ...... 3. Eléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (1) & 1') selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que leur longueur (6) correspond à une hauteur d'étage ou à une portée normale de plancher 3. Non-combustible elements of thermal & acoustic insulation (1) & 1 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that their length (6) corresponds to a floor height or to a normal floor span 4. Eléments incombustibles dtisolation thermique & acoustique (1) & 1') selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que leurs parements vus sont finis (4) à la préfabrication, évitant ainsi les enduits en plate, ciment ou autres, sur murs & plafonds 4. non-combustible thermal and acoustic insulation elements (1) & 1 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that their facings seen are finished (4) at the prefabrication, thus avoiding plaster, cement or other coatings, on walls & ceilings 5.Eléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (1) & 1') selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par le fait que les alveoles tubulaires (2) sont utilisés comme coffrage permettant de couler dans les murs les poteaux en béton-armé supportant le batiment & dans le plancher les poutrelles en béton-armé qui, avec ou sans dalle de compression, constituent la résistance de celui-ci 5.Noncombustible elements of thermal & acoustic insulation (1) & 1 ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular alveoli (2) are used as formwork for casting into the walls reinforced concrete-reinforced posts the building & in the floor concrete-reinforced beams which, with or without compression slab, constitute the resistance of this one 6. Eléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (l) & l')selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que les alvéoles tubulaires (2) permettent d'incorporer : les chutes, descentes pluviales, conduits de fumée ou de ventilation & de faire passer les réseaux d'eau, chauffage, électricité, téléphone, etc... sans fixation pour permettre une -dilitation libre 6. non-combustible elements of thermal & acoustic insulation (l) & l ') according to claim 1, characterized in that the tubular cells (2) can incorporate: falls, downspouts, flues or ventilation ducts & to pass the networks of water, heating, electricity, telephone, etc ... without fixing to allow a -dilitation free 7.Eléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (1) & selon la revendication 1, caractérisés par le fait qu'il est possible de les réaliser artisanalement avec une machine simple, transportable comme une grue ou une bétonnière, pouvant éventuellement être installée sur les chantiers difficilement accessibles 7.Noncombustible elements of thermal & acoustic insulation (1) & according to claim 1, characterized in that it is possible to achieve them by hand with a simple machine, transportable as a crane or a concrete mixer, which may possibly be installed on difficult to access sites 8. Eléments incombustibles dtisolation thermique & acoustique (1) & 1') selon les revendications 2 & 5, caractérisés par le fait qu'ils permettent de couler le béton par temps de gelée 8. Non-combustible thermal and acoustic insulation elements (1) & 1 'according to claims 2 & 5, characterized by the fact that they make it possible to pour the concrete during a frosty period. 9. Eléments incombustibles d'isolation thermique & acoustique (l) & lt) selon les revendications 2 & 5, caractérisés par le fait que les batiments construits avec eux, en plus d'avoir des murs, planchers & sous-toitures incombustibles, ont une ossature porteuse protégée contre l'incendie par l'isolation thermique du coffrage perdu dans lequel elle est coulée  9. Non-combustible thermal and acoustic insulation elements (1) according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that the buildings constructed with them, in addition to having non-combustible walls, floors and sub-roofs, have a load-bearing structure protected against fire by the thermal insulation of the lost formwork in which it is poured
FR8006556A 1980-03-20 1980-03-20 Structural insulation comprising prefabricated hollow profiles - to simplify erection of cast concrete structures Granted FR2478703A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8006556A FR2478703A1 (en) 1980-03-20 1980-03-20 Structural insulation comprising prefabricated hollow profiles - to simplify erection of cast concrete structures

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8006556A FR2478703A1 (en) 1980-03-20 1980-03-20 Structural insulation comprising prefabricated hollow profiles - to simplify erection of cast concrete structures

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FR2478703A1 true FR2478703A1 (en) 1981-09-25
FR2478703B1 FR2478703B1 (en) 1984-07-27

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0546279A1 (en) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-16 Gema Metalldecken Ag Cladding panel

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1563687A (en) * 1967-11-06 1969-04-18
FR1585021A (en) * 1968-05-09 1970-01-09
US4038798A (en) * 1975-03-05 1977-08-02 U-Forms International, Inc. Composite permanent block-form for reinforced concrete construction and method of making same
FR2444132A1 (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-07-11 Fricker Gilbert Modular structural panels having cellular core - between dissimilar sheet surfaces, provide cement-based external face and plasterboard interior face

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1563687A (en) * 1967-11-06 1969-04-18
FR1585021A (en) * 1968-05-09 1970-01-09
US4038798A (en) * 1975-03-05 1977-08-02 U-Forms International, Inc. Composite permanent block-form for reinforced concrete construction and method of making same
FR2444132A1 (en) * 1978-12-13 1980-07-11 Fricker Gilbert Modular structural panels having cellular core - between dissimilar sheet surfaces, provide cement-based external face and plasterboard interior face

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0546279A1 (en) * 1991-12-11 1993-06-16 Gema Metalldecken Ag Cladding panel

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