FR2475698A1 - Heating module for district heating - provides central heating and domestic hot water simultaneously from concentric reservoirs - Google Patents

Heating module for district heating - provides central heating and domestic hot water simultaneously from concentric reservoirs Download PDF

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Publication number
FR2475698A1
FR2475698A1 FR8002762A FR8002762A FR2475698A1 FR 2475698 A1 FR2475698 A1 FR 2475698A1 FR 8002762 A FR8002762 A FR 8002762A FR 8002762 A FR8002762 A FR 8002762A FR 2475698 A1 FR2475698 A1 FR 2475698A1
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FR
France
Prior art keywords
heating
fluid
hot water
urban
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
FR8002762A
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French (fr)
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FR2475698B1 (en
Inventor
Louis Buchet
Pierre Buchet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACV FRANCE SA
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ACV FRANCE SA
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Priority to FR8002762A priority Critical patent/FR2475698B1/en
Publication of FR2475698A1 publication Critical patent/FR2475698A1/en
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Publication of FR2475698B1 publication Critical patent/FR2475698B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D10/00District heating systems
    • F24D10/003Domestic delivery stations having a heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17District heating
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Abstract

The individual module consists of three reservoirs with the inner one inside the other two. The inner vessel contains domestic hot water. The void between the inner and intermediate shell contains the central heating water and the outer void between the intermediate and outer shell contains the district heating fluid. Heat is transferred from the district heating fluid to the central heating water and then to the domestic hot water. The inner and intermediate vessels have ribs around their perimeters to give strength and rigidity and prevent scale adhering to the surfaces.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à une installation de chauffage urbain en vue d'en assurer à partir d'un fluide de distribution urbaine les besoins de chauffage central et d'eau chaude sanitaire, notamment de logements individuels. The present invention relates to an urban heating installation with a view to ensuring, from an urban distribution fluid, the needs for central heating and domestic hot water, in particular for individual dwellings.

I1 convient tout d'abord de rappeler que le chauffage urbain est ne de la constatation du rendement peu éleve des centrales thermiques et nuclÉaires, en raison des pertes en énergie primaire plus particulierement par rejet d'eau de refroidissement et il est proposé de faire usage des eaux de rejet pour assurer certains besoins industriels et de chauffage des habitations. It should first of all be recalled that district heating is born from the observation of the low efficiency of thermal and nuclear power plants, due to the losses of primary energy more particularly by rejection of cooling water and it is proposed to make use waste water to meet certain industrial and heating needs in homes.

Le principe du chauffage urbain est schématisé par l'installation représentée par la figure 1 des dessins ci-joints, laquelle comporte les éléments principaux suivants 1: centrale électrique à production combinée 2 : centrale de détente pour amener le fluide urbain à
la température et à la pression voulue 3 tuyauteries de distribution du fluide urbain 4; cellules individuelles de transformation, chaque
cellule comprenant
- un compteur de chaleur pour déterminer la con
sommation de chaque utilisateur
- un échangeur de chaleur : fluide urbain - fluide
de chauffage
- un échangeur de chaleur : fluide urbain - fluide
sanitaire
- un ensemble de régulation.
The principle of district heating is shown diagrammatically by the installation represented by FIG. 1 of the attached drawings, which comprises the following main elements 1: power plant for combined production 2: expansion plant for bringing the urban fluid to
the desired temperature and pressure 3 urban fluid distribution pipes 4; individual transformation cells, each
cell comprising
- a heat meter to determine the con
summation of each user
- a heat exchanger: urban fluid - fluid
of heating
- a heat exchanger: urban fluid - fluid
sanitary
- a set of regulation.

Dans ces installations, le fluide urbain est constitué en général par de l'eau dont la température peut varier de 95 à ll00C.  In these installations, the urban fluid generally consists of water, the temperature of which can vary from 95 to 1100C.

Cette eau est distribuée à des pressions de l'ordre de 3 à 5 bars.  This water is distributed at pressures of the order of 3 to 5 bars.

La présente invention a pour but de réaliser une cellule individuelle répondant aux buts ci-après - Réduire au minimum les pointes de consommation
de chaleur - Eviter la liaison directe entre le fluide urbain
et l'eau chaude sanitaire - Eviter tout entretien systématique et réduire au
minimum les risques d'entartrage - Assurer à partir d'un seul appareil les besoins en
chauffage central et en eau sanitaire afin de ré
duire au minimum les pertes de chaleur à l'ambiance
de l'ensemble et de simplifier les organes de ré
gulation.
The present invention aims to achieve an individual cell meeting the following goals - Minimize peak consumption
heat - Avoid direct connection between the urban fluid
and domestic hot water - Avoid systematic maintenance and reduce
minimize the risk of scaling - Ensure from a single device the need for
central heating and domestic water to re
minimize heat loss to the atmosphere
of the whole and simplify the organs of re
gulation.

En vue de la réalisation de ces buts, l'installation objet de l'invention se distingue en ce qu'elle comprend comme éléments essentiels des cellules individuelles formées chacune de trois réservoirs dont l'un situé à l'intérieur des deux autres est destiné à contenir uneréserve d'eau sanitaire et sert d'accumulateur et autour duquel est prévu un réservoir intermédiaire qui contient le fluide de l'installation de chauffage central et est entouré par un- réservoir extérieur contenant le fluide urbain. With a view to achieving these aims, the installation which is the subject of the invention is distinguished in that it comprises, as essential elements, individual cells each formed by three tanks, one of which is located inside the other two. to contain a reserve of sanitary water and serves as an accumulator and around which is provided an intermediate tank which contains the fluid of the central heating installation and is surrounded by an external tank containing the urban fluid.

La figure 2 donne le schéma de principe d'une cellule individuelle réalisée suivant l'invention. FIG. 2 gives the block diagram of an individual cell produced according to the invention.

Une telle cellule est constituée par trois réservoirs
A. un réservoir intérieur (paroi 5)
Ce réservoir est destiné à contenir la
réserve d'eau chaude sanitaire.
Such a cell consists of three tanks
A. an interior tank (wall 5)
This tank is intended to contain the
domestic hot water reserve.

A titre d'exemple, il est construit en
tièrement en acier inoxydable.
As an example, it is built in
completely in stainless steel.

B. un réservoir intermédiaire (paroi 6)
Ce réservoir contient le fluide de l'instal
lation de chauffage central. Ce fluide est chauffé
par le fluide urbain qui circule autour (paroi 7)
C. Reservoir extérieur : contient le fluide urbain.
B. an intermediate tank (wall 6)
This tank contains the instal fluid
lation of central heating. This fluid is heated
by the urban fluid circulating around (wall 7)
C. External tank: contains the urban fluid.

Une caractéristique importante est que les parois 5 et 6 comportent en général des moulures ou nervures 8 ou des ondulations ou des déformations destinées à augmenter la surface d'échange thermique, à empêcher l'adhérence du tartre et à augmenter la résistance à la pression. An important characteristic is that the walls 5 and 6 generally have moldings or ribs 8 or undulations or deformations intended to increase the heat exchange surface, to prevent the adhesion of scale and to increase the resistance to pressure.

On réalise donc ainsi une cellule que l'on doit considérer comme un double échangeur-accumulateur. A cell is therefore produced which must be considered as a double exchanger-accumulator.

Sur la figure 2, on peut suivre aisément les parcours des fluides F-.U. - fluide urbain F.C.. - fluide chauffage
F.S. - fluide sanitaire.
In FIG. 2, the paths of the F-.U fluids can easily be followed. - FC urban fluid. - heating fluid
FS - sanitary fluid.

Le cycle du transfert de chaleur est - entrée du chauffage urbain - différence de tO entre
entrée et sortie + 100C - transfert de la chaleur du fluide urbain vers le
fluide chauffage. Chute de température comprise
entre 10 et 200C - transfert de la chaleur du fluide chauffage vers
l'accumulateur d'eau chaude. L'équilibre de la
température des deux fluides est atteint après
+ 70 minutes au départ d'un'iStallan d'eau chaude fixid.
The heat transfer cycle is - input from district heating - difference in tO between
inlet and outlet + 100C - transfer of heat from the urban fluid to the
heating fluid. Temperature drop included
between 10 and 200C - transfer of heat from the heating fluid to
the hot water storage tank. The balance of
temperature of the two fluids is reached after
+ 70 minutes from an iStallan hot water fixid.

On comprend qu'une telle cellule prévue dans une telle installation répond aux buts indiqués ci-dessus. It is understood that such a cell provided in such an installation meets the aims indicated above.

I. Réduire au minimum les pointes de consommation
de chaleur.
I. Minimize peak consumption
heat.

Grâce aux nowelles normes en matière d'isolation des
logements,il est fréquent que des habitations individuelles
aient des puissances instantanées en eau chaude sanitaire
supérieures aux besoins en eau chaude nécessaire pour le
chauffage central.
Thanks to nowelles standards for insulation of
housing, it is common for individual dwellings
have instantaneous domestic hot water power
greater than the hot water requirements for the
central heating.

Cette puissance instantanée pour l'eau chaude
peut etre fortement réduite si l'on fait usage
comme prévu dans l'invention d'un accumulateur
d'eau chaude au lieu de l'échangeur instantané
habituellement utilisé.
This instantaneous power for hot water
can be greatly reduced if used
as foreseen in the invention of an accumulator
hot water instead of the instant heat exchanger
usually used.

En effet, les besoins en eau chaude sanitaire
sont très inégalement répartis tout au long de
la journée et les pointes se produisent en
général le matin de 7 à 9 h. et le soir de 17 à
20 h.
Indeed, domestic hot water needs
are very unevenly distributed throughout
day and peaks occur in
general in the morning from 7 to 9 a.m. and in the evening from 5 to
8 p.m.

On dispose par cpnséquent de plusieurs heures
pour recharger l'accumulateur d'eau chaude sani
taire.
We therefore have several hours
to recharge the hot water storage tank
to hush up.

Grâce à l'invention, la puissance nécessaire aux
besoins de production d'eau chaude sanitaire
peut etre ramenée de 29 à 6,5 kW par ménage.
Thanks to the invention, the power necessary for
domestic hot water production needs
can be reduced from 29 to 6.5 kW per household.

Ceci a un effet considérable sur le dimensionne
ment des tuyauteries de distribution et il
résulte une réduction sensible de l'investisse
ment et une diminution des pertes de distribution.
This has a considerable effect on the size
distribution pipes and it
results in a significant reduction in investment
and a reduction in distribution losses.

II. Pas de liaison directe entre le fluide urbain
et l'eau chaude sanitaire.
II. No direct connection between the urban fluid
and domestic hot water.

Le fluide urbain ayant été préalablement traité
en vue notamment de le rendre non agressif pour
la bonne conservation du réseau. Il existe un
risque de pollution de l'eau sanitaire par le
fluide urbain.
The urban fluid having been previously treated
with a view in particular to making it non-aggressive for
the good conservation of the network. There is a
risk of domestic water pollution by
urban fluid.

Grâce à l'invention, il existe un fluide inter
médiaire entre le fluide urbain et le fluide
sanitaire.
Thanks to the invention, there is an inter fluid
between the urban fluid and the fluid
sanitary.

III. Eviter tout entretien systématique et réduire
au minimum les risques d'entartrage.
III. Avoid systematic maintenance and reduce
at least the risk of scaling.

Les deux échangeurs de chaleur prévus. suivant
l'invention sont des appareils statiques à
grand volume qui ne nécessitent aucun entretien.
The two heat exchangers provided. following
the invention are static devices to
large volume that requires no maintenance.

L'accumulateur d'eau chaude sanitaire est réali
sé en acier inoxydable pour éviter tout risque
de corrosion et comporte un grand nombre de mou
lures qui ont pour effet notamment d'empecher
toute adhérence du tartre contenu dans l'eau de
distribution. Le rendement de l'installation
restera donc stable dans le temps.
The domestic hot water storage tank is real
dried in stainless steel to avoid any risk
corrosion and has a lot of slack
lures which have the particular effect of preventing
any adhesion of scale contained in the water of
distribution. The efficiency of the installation
will therefore remain stable over time.

IV. Assurer à partir d'un seul appareil les besoins
en chauffage central et en eau chaude sanitaire
afin de réduire au minimum les pertes de chaleur
à l'ambiance de l'ensemble et de simplifier les
organes de régulation.
IV. Ensure the needs from a single device
in central heating and domestic hot water
to minimize heat loss
to the ambiance of the whole and to simplify the
regulatory bodies.

Des essais méthodiques ont permis de fixer différentes performances justifiant les avantages techniques de l'invention. Methodical tests have made it possible to fix different performances justifying the technical advantages of the invention.

La figure 3 représente un schéma de raccor dement de la--cellule- suivant l'invention. Figure 3 shows a connection diagram of the - cell - according to the invention.

Sur cette figure on a reporté les références de la figure 2 avec en plus 9 Dispositif de comptage du fluide urbain
(calorimètre) 10 Circulateur de chauffage 11 Radiateurs de chauffage
12 Appareils sanitaires.
In this figure, the references of FIG. 2 have been carried over with in addition 9 Urban fluid metering device.
(calorimeter) 10 Heating circulator 11 Heating radiators
12 Sanitary appliances.

Exemple de régulation
A. Lorsqu'il y a demande de chaleur au circuit de
chauffage, le thermostat d'ambiance ouvre la vanne
magnetique située sur -le circuit de chauffage et
le circulateur 10 du circuit chauffage s'enclenche.
Example of regulation
A. When there is a heat demand on the heating circuit
heating, the room thermostat opens the valve
magnetic located on the heating circuit and
the circulator 10 of the heating circuit switches on.

B. Lorsqu'il y a demande de chaleur au ballon d'eau chaude, la
sonde de température de celui-ci ouvrira la vanne
magnétique (M). Celle-ci restera ouverte aussi
longtemps que la température de consigne du ballon
d'eau chaude ne sera pas atteinte.
B. When there is a demand for heat from the hot water tank, the
temperature probe of this will open the valve
magnetic (M). It will also remain open
as long as the target tank temperature
hot water will not be reached.

C. En cas de demande simultanée de chaleur dans le circuit chauffage et dans le circuit du ballon d'eau chaule,la
priorité sera donnée au réchauffage de ce dernier.
C. If there is a simultaneous demand for heat in the heating circuit and in the limed water tank circuit, the
priority will be given to reheating the latter.

-Calcul des corps de chauffe - radiateurs ou convecteurs
Le calcul sera effectué en prenant pour base la température de sortie de l'échangeur de chaleur chauffage. Cette température sera généralement inférieures de 20"C à la température d'entrée du fluide urbain. Ceci entraînera une augmentation de la surface de chauffe des radiateurs ou convecteurs par rapport à une installation traditionnelle.
-Calculation of heating bodies - radiators or convectors
The calculation will be made based on the outlet temperature of the heating heat exchanger. This temperature will generally be 20 "C lower than the inlet temperature of the urban fluid. This will lead to an increase in the heating surface of the radiators or convectors compared to a traditional installation.

Bien entendu diverses modifications peuvent être apportées par l'homme de l'art à l'installation qui vient d'etre décrite uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.  Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art to the installation which has just been described solely by way of nonlimiting example without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

REVENDICATIONS 1. Installation.de chauffage urbain en vue d'assurer à partir d'un fluide de distribution urbain -les besoins de chauffage central et d'eau chaude sani taire.caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend comme éléments essentiels des cellules individuelles (4) formées chacune de trois réservoirs dont l'un situé à l'in térieur des deux autres est destiné à contenir une réserve d'eau sanitaire et sert d'accumulateur et autour duquel est prévu un réservoir intermédiaire qui contient le fluide de l'installation de chauffage central et est entouré par un réservoir extérieur contenant le fluide urbain. 1. Installation of district heating with a view to ensuring, from an urban distribution fluid, the needs for central heating and sanitary hot water. Characterized in that it comprises as essential elements of the individual cells (4 ) each consisting of three tanks, one of which is located inside the other two and is intended to contain a reserve of sanitary water and serves as an accumulator and around which is provided an intermediate tank which contains the fluid of the installation central heating and is surrounded by an external tank containing the urban fluid. 2. Installation de chauffage urbain suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les parois (5 et 6) du réservoir intérieur et du réservoir extérieur comportent des nervures ou des moulures (8), des déformations, ondulations 3 "Procédé de chauffage urbain au moyen d'une 'ooi installation suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ee qu'il met en oeuvre le cycle de traufert~de chaleur suivant: - entrée du chauffage urbain - transfert de la chaleur du fluide urbain vers 2. District heating installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls (5 and 6) of the inner tank and the outer tank have ribs or moldings (8), deformations, corrugations 3 "District heating process at means of an installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it implements the following heat transfer cycle: input of district heating transfer of heat from the urban fluid to le fluide de chauffage - transfert de la chaleur du fluide de chauffage the heating fluid - transfer of heat from the heating fluid vers l'accumulateur de chaleur. towards the heat accumulator. réservoir extérieur contenant le fluide urbain. external tank containing the urban fluid. tion de chauffage central qui est entouré par un tion of central heating which is surrounded by a intermédiaire qui contient le fluide de l'installa intermediate which contains the fluid of the installa cumulateur et autour duquel est prévu un réservoir accumulator and around which a tank is provided contenir une réserve d'eau sanitaire et sert d'ac contain a supply of sanitary water and serves as ac situé à l'intérieur des deux autres est destiné à located inside the other two is intended for qu'elle est formée de trois réservoirs dont l'un  that it is made up of three tanks, one of which suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce according to claim 1, characterized in 4 - Cellule-individuelle pour installation 4 - Individual cell for installation
FR8002762A 1980-02-08 1980-02-08 URBAN HEATING SYSTEM AND INDIVIDUAL CELL FOR SUCH A SYSTEM Expired FR2475698B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8002762A FR2475698B1 (en) 1980-02-08 1980-02-08 URBAN HEATING SYSTEM AND INDIVIDUAL CELL FOR SUCH A SYSTEM

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8002762A FR2475698B1 (en) 1980-02-08 1980-02-08 URBAN HEATING SYSTEM AND INDIVIDUAL CELL FOR SUCH A SYSTEM

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FR2475698A1 true FR2475698A1 (en) 1981-08-14
FR2475698B1 FR2475698B1 (en) 1985-11-29

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638223A1 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-04-27 Geminox Sa INSTALLATION AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF INDIVIDUAL SANITARY HOT WATER FROM A COLLECTIVE HEATING BOILER
WO2013144473A1 (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-03 IFP Energies Nouvelles Method for pooling heat energy, and loop system for heat exchange between industrial and commercial sites

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH313508A (en) * 1952-06-20 1956-04-30 Thermia Verken Ab Sub-center for district heating systems
DE2316623A1 (en) * 1972-04-10 1973-10-18 Ctc Ab HEATING CENTER CONNECTABLE TO A DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM
FR2181119A5 (en) * 1972-04-17 1973-11-30 Dujardin Merry
FR2304868A1 (en) * 1975-03-21 1976-10-15 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Double circuit mixed central heating unit - has double hood at top for gas heated convection and pumped circuits

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH313508A (en) * 1952-06-20 1956-04-30 Thermia Verken Ab Sub-center for district heating systems
DE2316623A1 (en) * 1972-04-10 1973-10-18 Ctc Ab HEATING CENTER CONNECTABLE TO A DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM
FR2181119A5 (en) * 1972-04-17 1973-11-30 Dujardin Merry
FR2304868A1 (en) * 1975-03-21 1976-10-15 Chaffoteaux Et Maury Double circuit mixed central heating unit - has double hood at top for gas heated convection and pumped circuits

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638223A1 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-04-27 Geminox Sa INSTALLATION AND APPARATUS FOR HEATING AND PRODUCTION OF INDIVIDUAL SANITARY HOT WATER FROM A COLLECTIVE HEATING BOILER
EP0368715A1 (en) * 1988-10-26 1990-05-16 GEMINOX, Société Anonyme Installation and apparatus for individual heating and sanitary hot water production starting from a communal heating system
WO2013144473A1 (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-03 IFP Energies Nouvelles Method for pooling heat energy, and loop system for heat exchange between industrial and commercial sites
FR2988814A1 (en) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-04 IFP Energies Nouvelles METHOD OF MUTUALIZING THERMAL ENERGY AND THERMAL EXCHANGE LOOP SYSTEM BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL AND TERTIARY SITES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2475698B1 (en) 1985-11-29

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