FR2475198A1 - Heat store for solar energy - has indirect air to air concrete storage heater core with fluid flow tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The heat stove consists of a concrete core with two sets of steel tubes passing through it at right angles and two sets of inlet, intermediate and outlet boxes which together with the tubes, form two 3-pass heat exchangers at right angles. Warm air from a solar collector enters the inlet box and passes three times through tubes (5) via boxes to the outlet from another box. The air to be heated enters the core into a box and via tubes and intermediate boxes to the outlet.

Description

 The present invention relates to an enclosure which allows the storage of solar energy and ensures the exchange and / or thermal transfer of solar energy.

We have designated in the title and we will continue to designate thereafter, under the name "enclosure" storage and / or heat exchanger.

 The enclosure has the particularity of associating the storage and the exchanger which ensures the transfer of solar energy, for an installation which uses a gaseous heat transfer fluid (like air).

In known devices of this kind, only ambient air was generally used, which poses in particular problems of "pollution" of this air, either through storage, or in solar energy capture systems.

Thereafter we designate under the name "primary circuit" the set composed of solar collectors through which the gaseous coolant passes, the sheaths which convey this air, the path A to B imposed on this gaseous coolant through " the enclosure "and the return ducts to the sensors which convey the cooled gaseous coolant fluid - Refer to the attached drawing 1/4
Also we designate under the name "secondary circuit" the set made up of ducts which convey the air taken from the premises to "the enclosure", the path imposed on this air through the enclosure, and the return ducts which return this heated air in contact with the "enclosure" in the rooms to be heated. See attached drawing 1/4.

 We will see in the description of the invention that depending on the case, the enclosure can be used for heating as for cooling.

 "The enclosure" calls upon a known system (or not) of air sensors which by sunshine capture solar energy and transmit this energy to the gaseous heat transfer fluid which circulates there. This air, either by convection or by a mechanical installation is conveyed through ducts provided for this purpose towards "the enclosure". See sheet 1/4 appended to the file and 2/4.

Directed at A, it enters compartment 4 passes into compartment 6 through the sheaths 5, passes into compartment 7 through the sheaths 5, passes into compartment 8 through the sheaths 5, then leaves compartment 8 in B after having transmitted its calories to the absorbent mass 14. Note that this circuit can be repetitive depending on the power of the installation.

 The ambient air from the premises to be heated is drawn and transported through ducts provided for this purpose towards the "enclosure" in C see plate 1/4 and 2/4.

 Introduced at C, it enters compartment 9, passes into compartment 11 through the sheaths 10, passes into compartment 12 through the sheaths 10, passes into compartment 13 through the sheaths 10, then exits from compartment 13 at D of where it is conveyed by a circuit of distribution ducts after having warmed up in the mass 14 which returns part of its calories.

The dimensions of the enclosure vary according to the nature of the project to which it relates.

 As presented, drawing -annex 2/4, mass 14 consists of vibrated concrete or any other solid or liquid material whose density, heat capacity and thermal inertia are provided by conventional calculations as required.

 This mass 14 is traversed in one direction by the primary network made up of metal (or other) tubes 5 of section and in variable number as required.

 Perpendicular to this primary network of metal (or other) tubes 5 is disposed the secondary network composed of metal (or other) tubes 10 of section and in variable number as required. See plate 2/4 and 3/4.

 The primary network of metallic or other tubes 5) opens into compartments 4, 6, 7, 8 forming baffles and the number of which depends on requirements. See plate 2/4.

The secondary network of metal tubes 10 (or others) opens into compartments 9, 11, 12, 13 forming baffles and the number of which is according to needs. See plate 2/4.

 The two networks of tubes 5 and 10 are very distinct, embedded in successive layers and in alternation for a good distribution in the absorbent mass 14, perpendicular to one another according to a distribution which varies according to the operating cases of the enclosure. See plate 3/4.

 The compartments 4, 6, 7, 8, dunt the number is not limiting, of the primary circuit communicate with each other (forming baffles) by the network of tubes 5. See plate 2/4.

The compartments 9, 11, 12, 13, the number of which is not limiting, of the secondary circuit communicate with one another (forming baffles) by the network of tubes 10.

In any case according to the invention, the compartments 4, 6, 7, 8 and the compartments 9, 11, 12, 13 do not communicate with each other.

 As shown in the accompanying drawing 2/4 the compartments of the primary circuit 4, 6, 7, 8 and the compartments of the secondary circuit 9, 11, 12, 13 form baffles free from the compartment partitions 15. These baffles are not always essential, but they have the effect if necessary of increasing the heat exchange surface since the gaseous heat transfer fluid is in this case caused to pass through 2, 3 times and more, the absorbent mass 14.

 The dimensions and the number of these compartments of the primary circuit 4, 6, 7, 8 as well as those of the compartments 9, 11, 12, 13 can vary according to the flow rates required by conventional calculations, for the gaseous coolant as well as for the return air circuit.

 The compartments of the primary circuit 4, 6, 7, 8 as well as the compartments of the secondary circuit 9, 11, 12, 13 are externally limited at 3. The walls of these compartments can be of any material (blocks of coated concrete for example) and must have a smooth internal surface offering minimum resistance to air or to the gaseous heat transfer fluid.

The partition 3 is wrapped in an insulating mat 2 of variable thickness depending on the material chosen and the degree of insulation determined by conventional thermal calculations.

The insulating mattress 2 is itself protected by a protective envelope 1 such as to resist the attacks to which the enclosure could be exposed over time. See plates 2/4 and 3/4.

 The material chosen for the protective envelope i may consist of concrete blocks, coated or not, of variable thicknesses.

 The enclosure is characterized by the fact that the primary circuit of the heat transfer gaseous fluid which goes from A to B is self-balanced.

This means that each thread of the gaseous coolant travels the same distance in A and B, whatever the compartment 4, 6, 7, 8 of the primary circuit and the sheaths 5 through the mass 14. See attached drawing 2/4 .

 To achieve this balancing if A is at the high arrival of the heat transfer fluid, the output B is at low recovery and vice versa if necessary. This low intake is easily carried out either by a direct low outlet from the enclosure or if one wishes to have a sheath in the upper part of the enclosure, by arranging an air intake baffle at the bottom of the last compartment of the circuit. primary. See attached drawing 4/4 (single compartment for a better reading of the drawing).

 The enclosure is also characterized by the fact that the secondary circuit which goes from C to D of the air to be heated is also self-balanced according to the same principle as the primary circuit which goes from A to B.

Claims (8)

1. Storage and heat transfer enclosure characterized in that the absorbent mass 14 of concrete, or any other solid or liquid material is traversed by two distinct networks of tubular sheaths in number and of variable section, and orthogonally. One of the networks 5 ensures the passage of a gaseous heat transfer fluid; the other 10, the passage of a volume of air to be restored.  These two networks seen in plan are perpendicular to each other and laminated in the space of the absorbent mass 14.  2-. Storage and heat transfer enclosure according to claim 1, characterized in that the two primary circuits from A to B and secondary from C to D are strictly independent and do not communicate in any case.  3. Storage and heat transfer enclosure according to claims 1, 2 characterized in that the primary baked ci from A to B and the secondary baking from C to D are self-balanced. That is to say that for each of the circuits, each air stream travels the same distance from A to B whatever the path, also for the circuit which goes from C to D.  4. Storage and heat transfer enclosure according to claims 1, 2, 3 considered separately or as a whole, characterized in that this system avoids any risk of pollution of the air to be heated by the gaseous heat transfer fluid.  5. Storage and heat transfer enclosure according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4 considered separately or as a whole, characterized in that it can be given any possible form.  6. Storage and heat transfer enclosure according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, considered separately or as a whole, characterized in that it can be indifferently used for day or night air conditioning.  7. Storage and heat transfer enclosure according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 considered separately or as a whole characterized by the fact of an easy implementation either by hand or at the prefabrication stage.  8. Storage and thermal transfer enclosure according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 considered separately or as a whole, characterized in that the configuration of the system is suitable for any use with the addition of D d '' a backup battery and mechanical fans on D and B (or any other backup means);