FI94319C - Machine and sections for compressing and / or distributing bulk goods - Google Patents

Description

1 94319

Machine and block for compacting and / or comminuting cellular material. - Masks and additives for compression and / or finishing operations.

The invention relates to a machine according to the preamble of claim 1 for compacting and / or comminuting a cellular material and to a block according to the preamble of claim 12 for use in that machine.

A machine according to the preamble of claim 1 and a block for hot briquetting according to the preamble of claim 12 are known from the article "Walzenpressen fur die Briquette tierung von heissem Eisenschwamm" by Fachberichte Hiittenpraxis No. 10/81, by Hans-Georg Bergendahl. The two high-pressure compressible rollers comprise a cylinder and a loosely associated cover of individual blocks, the blocks having a stop projecting on the front longitudinal side and a concave on the rear longitudinal side when viewed in the direction of rotation of the roll.

In this known form, the outer surfaces of the abutments and recesses pointing in the circumferential direction of the blocks extend partially to the plane of the axis of the roller. The maximum specific surface compression between the block and the roll cylinder is therefore reduced by the actual compressive force of the two rollers. Excessive surface compression leads to deformation of the surface of the roller cylinder *: and causes these blocks to tilt.

In addition, the manufacture of these known blocks, in particular the machining of individual block surfaces, is relatively complex.

The object of the invention is therefore to simplify the structure of the block in the machine shown in the preamble of claim 1 and in the block shown in the preamble of claim 12, while maintaining its tilt safety.

The task is solved in the invention as shown by the features of claims 1 and 12.

The solution according to the invention is characterized by a considerably simpler fabrication compared to the initially known form 94319 2 - with almost the same tilt safety - since the individual blocks can be manufactured as simple castings and their surfaces can be machined in a simple manner.

Other features of the invention are set out in the subclaims and will be elucidated in more detail in connection with the following description of some of the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.

Fig. 1 shows an assembly drawing of the roll, Fig. 2 shows the roll partly cut along the line II-II in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 shows the roll from the side, Figs. 4-8 show different embodiments of the blocks spread in a plane.

The roll 1 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a roll cylinder 3 placed on the shaft 2 and a loosely associated cover consisting of individual blocks 4. In order to fasten the blocks 4 to the roller cylinder 3, the fastening parts 5 engage them from the sides.

The support surfaces of the roller cylinder 3 and the blocks 4 are cylinder rips.

The blocks 4 have a circumferentially projecting stop 4a on the front longitudinal side in the direction of rotation and a correspondingly shaped recess * 4b on the rear side of the roller 1, and the stop 4a and the recess 4b are arranged symmetrically with the central plane perpendicular to the roller axis 1a see also Figures 4-8).

The blocks 4 have sub-surfaces 4f and 4g on the circumferential side of the stop 4a and sub-surfaces 4h and 4i on the concave side 4b.

: The circumferential lines of the outer surfaces of the blocks consisting of sub-surfaces 4f and 4g and 4h and 4i run radially with respect to the axis 1a of the roller.

There may be a clearance between the adjacent blocks 4 of the roll cover of at most about 10 mm, primarily a casting tolerance, for example 2-5 mm.

3,94319

As can also be seen from Figures 2 and 3, the blocks 4 and the Vals inner cylinder 3 have laterally projecting stops 4d and 3a. The U-shaped fastening parts 5 adhering to the stops 4d and 3a in the axial direction on both sides are fastened to each other by fastening screws 6. The fastening screws 6 go into the axial grooves 3b of the roll cylinder 3. In this way, all the blocks 4 are always fastened to the roller cylinder 3 by two fastening parts 5. However, other fastening methods are also within the scope of the invention, such as, for example, shrink rings, adapter wedges, radial screws or bolted preloaded spring connectors.

Matching wedges are provided to better secure the blocks 4 in the direction of rotation. The roller cylinder 3 always has a groove 3c at both ends towards the block 4. Their length corresponds approximately to the parts of the longitudinal side on the sides of the stop 4a of the block 4.

The matching wedges 7 inserted in the grooves 3c have surfaces 7a chamfered in the direction of rotation of the roller 1. The edge of the support cylinder on the side of the support surface of the stop 4a and the block 4 is also bevelled, respectively.

In normal use of the machine, the fastening parts 5 hold the blocks 4 by a roller cylinder 3. Extreme loads can cause relative movements between the blocks 4 and the roller cylinder 3, whereby the blocks tend to rotate in the roller cylinder in the opposite direction to the direction of roll. The matching wedges 7 prevent these rotational movements. The blocks 4 then rest on the radial surfaces of the fitting wedges 7. The chamfering of the matching wedges {surfaces 7a) takes place for space reasons, and the chamfered surfaces are always unloaded.

In the drawing (Fig. 3), a gap 9 of about 2 mm is shown between the block 4 and the adjacent fitting wedge 7. The purpose of the gap 9 is to even out the settling phenomena of the compression joint. The block thus moves under extreme conditions 2 mm with respect to the roller cylinder 3 and the adjacent adapter wedge 7 and then goes against the adapter wedge, which prevents the movement from continuing.

The contour of the stop 4a and the recess 4b of the block 4 shown in Fig. 4 is - viewed in the radial direction - rectangular.

9431 9 4

The recess 4b is bounded therein - viewed in the axial direction by two abutments 4e on its sides. The axial length of the abutment 4a and the recess 4b, measured from their base and mouth, corresponds to about half the axial length L of the block 4. Both sides of the abutment 4a and the recess 4b the depth corresponds to a circumferential angle x of 3-15 ', primarily 5-10'. The depth of the circumferences measured in the circumferential direction is expedient to correspond approximately to the arc-dimension of the area between the rollers in which the grinding pressure acts.

The surface compression between the blocks 4 and the roller cylinder 3 has a decisive effect on the durability of the rollers that can be divided into blocks (block oscillation). The uneven pressure distribution of the gap between the two rollers 1 in the direction of the roller axis 1a and the application of the resulting grinding force to the surface of the block 4 affect the distribution of surface compression on the support surface of the blocks 4 and the roller-cylinder 3. Since the resulting grinding force is applied to the surface of the block 4, the highest surface pressures and the highest • tilting moment occur on the side of the block leaving the gap, whereby the pressure of the gap is higher at the center of the axial length of the block than at its edges.

In the structure of the blocks according to the invention, the different pressure stresses and heeling moments of the sides of the block leaving and entering the slot are taken into account in the design of the blocks 4; : and arrangement for roller cylinder 3.

The blocks 4 are arranged on the roll cylinder 3 in the direction of rotation (arrow 8) so that the side containing the protruding stop 4a of the block 4 first enters the gap formed by the two rollers 1.

4 loaded to the hardest part of the block 4b of the recess 4 (about 65% of the total power) will be the first longitudinal täispuolen the rear part of the slot. The side stops 4e then act as supports to avoid excessive surface pressures as well as tilting of the blocks. The output of the responses 4e from the gap thereafter is no longer dangerous due to the low pressure stress (about 35% of the total force) 5 94319. The pressure stress on the side of the block entering the slot (i.e. the front longitudinal side in the direction of rotation of the roller) is considerably lower due to the grinding force and is therefore not dangerous.

In the embodiments of Figures 5-8, the same numbers are used for the same parts as in Figure 4. In Fig. 5, the contour of the stop 4a of the block 4 and the recess 4b is circular.

In Fig. 6, the outline of the stop 4a and the recess 4b is in the shape of a half-parallelepiped.

The outline of the blocks 4 of Figures 7 and 8 has a circular arc-shaped central part and straight portions on both sides thereof. The straight parts become axial parts on the sides of the rounded edge. The block stop 4a and the recess 4b of Fig. 8 are slightly narrower in the axial direction than the embodiment of Fig. 7. Otherwise, the dimensions of Figure 4 apply to the embodiments of Figures 5-8.

The roller cover consisting of detachable blocks 4 makes it possible to replace individual blocks or even all of them if necessary. All you have to do is open the fastening parts 5.

Claims (12)

A machine for compressing and / or atomizing bulk cargo, which machine has two high-pressure compressible rollers (1) consisting of a cylinder (3) and a detachably connected to it, of individual sections (4), resistant jacket the bearing surfaces of the roller cylinder (3) and the sections (4) are cylinder surfaces and the sections (4) have, in the direction of rotation of the rollers (1), seen in the front longitudinally a projecting shoulder (4a) and longer rearwardly on the longitudinal side a recess with this analog (4b), and the shoulder (4a) and recess (4b) are arranged symmetrically to the center plane (4c) extending perpendicular to the axis (1a) of the section (4), characterized in that the upright lines of the circumferentially extending the outer surfaces of the sections (4) preferably radially in relation to the axis (1a) of the roller. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contour of the shoulder (4a) and the recess (4b) is radially rectangular. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contour of the shoulder (4a) and the recess (4b) is radially circular. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contour of the shoulder (4a) and the recess (4b) is radially trapezoidal. Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the contour of the shoulder (4a) and the recess (4b) is radially such that its center part is circular and has straight parts on each side. 6. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial length of the shoulder (4a) and the recess (4b) measured at the base and 10, respectively. the orifice corresponds to about half of the axial length (L) of the section (4). Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth (section 4a) and recess (4b) measured in the circumferential direction corresponds to a circumferential angle (x) of 3-15 °, preferably 5-10 °. 8. A machine as claimed in claim 1, which is provided for attaching passageways (7) to the passageways (7) of the roller cylinder (3), characterized in that from each of the ends of the roller cylinder (3) it extends for each section (4). ) a catch (3c) intended for receiving the pass wedge (7), which extends only over a portion, preferably a fourth, of the axial length of the roller cylinder (3) and in the circumferential direction as seen in the impact point of the adjacent section (4) . 9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that a gap (9) is formed between the sections (4) and the passageways (7) for smoothing the adjustment phenomenon in the press joint. 10. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller cylinder (3) has for attaching sections (4) to both sides of the sections (4) engaging fasteners (5) which are attached to the section (4) and the roller cylinder (3). ) by means of axial fastening screws (6) arranged in cylinder lock (3b). 1 !. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the depths measured in the circumferential direction correspond roughly to the cup saturation of the area between its rollers, where grinding pressure prevails. 12. A section for use in a machine where compression and / or atomisation of bulk goods takes place and has two high-pressure compressible rollers comprising a roller cylinder and a detachable connection, of individual cladding (4), comprising: the bearing surfaces of the sections (4) on the cylinder are cylinder surfaces and the sections (4) seen in the direction of rotation of the rollers have on the front long side a protruding shoulder (4a) and further baked on the long side a recess (4b) with this analogously the shoulder (4a) and the recess (4b) placed symmetrically to the center plane (4c) perpendicular to the roller shaft (1a) (1a).