AU619416B2

AU619416B2 - Machine and segment for compacting and/or crushing bulk material

Info

Publication number: AU619416B2
Application number: AU61036/90A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Gerhard Kastingschafer; Helmut Krumme; Bernhard Peterwerth
Original assignee: Krupp Polysius AG
Current assignee: ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Priority date: 1989-08-23
Filing date: 1990-08-14
Publication date: 1992-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 2010-08-14
Also published as: CA2023003C; EP0418550B1; DE3927884A1; NO178218C; EP0418550A1; DE59003076D1; CA2023003A1; ZA906241B; BR9004168A; AU6103690A; NO903695D0; NO903695L; NO178218B; FI904177A0; ES2045687T3; FI94319B; FI94319C

Description

619416 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA The Patents Act 1952 Name of Applicant(s): KRUPP POLYSIUS AG Address of Applicant(s): Graf-Galen-Stcr. 17 4720 Beckum FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY 00.

ag 9 0 0 e Actual Inventor(s): Aaaress for Service: GERHARD KASTINGSCHAFER BERNHARD PETERWERTH HELMUT KRUMME CULLEN COMPANY, Patent Traae Mark Attorneys, 240 Queen Street, Brisbane, Qld. 4000,~ Australia.

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COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR THE INVENTION ENTITLED: MACHINE AND SEGMENT FOR COMPACTING AND/OR CRUSHING BULK

MATERIAL

The fol~lowing statement is a full description of the invention including the best method of performing it known to

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i la- Machine and segment for compacting and/or crushing bulk material The invention relates to a machine for compacting and/or crushing bulk material according to the preamble to claim 1, as well as a segment for use in such a machine according to the generic concept of claim 12.

A machine for hot briquetting according to the preamble to claim 1 and a segment corresponding to the generic concept of claim 12 are known from an article by Bergendahl, Hans-Georg: "Walzenpressen fur die Brikettierung von heigem Eisenschwamm" in the offprint of Fachbcrichte HUttenpraxis Vol. 10/81. Two rollers which can be pressed against one another at high pressure comprise a main roller body and a roller shell which is releasably connected to the main roller body and is composed of individual segments, and the individual segments each have one single projecting lug on the front long side in the direction of rotation and one single recess on the rear long side in the direction of rotation.

In this known construction the outer faces of the projecting lugs and recesses of the segments which point 25 in the circumferential direction run to some extent at an angle to the plane through the roller axis. As a result, at a given pressure between two rollers the maximum o. specific surface pressure between the segment and the S" main roller body is reduced. Surface pressures which are 30 too high lead to deformations of the surface of the main roller body and cause tilting of these segments.

2- Furthermore, the production of these known segments, and in particular the machining of the individual segment surfaces, is relatively costly.

The object of the invention, therefore, with the machine according to the preamble to claim 1 and the segment according to the generic concept of claim 12 is to simplify the construction of the segment whilst at the same time guaranteeing security against tilting.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterising features of claims 1 and 12.

u* 4 In comparison with the known construction described 15 above, the solution according to the invention whilst offering almost the same security against tilting is distinguished by substantially simpler manufacture, since the individual segments are produced as simple castings and all segment surfaces can be machined in a a simple manner.

Further features of the invention are the subject matter of the subordinate claims and are explained in greater detail in connection with the following description of 25 some embodiments which are illustrated in the drawings.

S" In the drawings: Figure 1 shows an exploded view of a roller, :T77 3 Figure 2 shows a part-sectional representation of the roller along the line II--II in Figure 3.

Figure 3 shows a side view of the roller, Figures 4 to 8 show to views of the development of different embodiments of the segments.

The roller illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a main roller body 3 arranged on a shaft 2 as well as a roller shell which is releasably connected to the main roller body 3 and composed of individual segments 4. Two clamping elements 5 which engage laterally on the segments are provided in each case for fixing the individual segments 15 4 on the main roller body 3.

S The bearing surfaces of the main roller body 3 and the segments 4 are constructed as cylindrical surfaces.

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Each of the individual segments 4 has one single lug 4a projecting in the circumferential direction on the front long side in the direction of rotation and one single complementary recess 4b on the rear long side in the direction of rotation of the roller 1, the lug 4a and the 25 recess 4b being arranged symmetrically with respect to the central plane 4c of the segment 4 running at right angles to the roller axis la (in this connection cf. also Figures 4 to 8). 4 S. S S S S 30 In the circumferential direction the individual segments 4 have the part-surfaces 4f and 4g on the side of the lug -4 4a and the part-surfaces 4h and 4i on the side of the recess 4b. The generatrices of the outer surfaces of the segments point in the circumferential direction and are formed from the part-surfaces 4f and 4g as well as 4h and 41, and run radially with respect to the roller axis la.

Between adjacent segments 4 of the roller shell there can be a clearance of up to approximately 10 mm, preferably a clearance of the order of magnitude of the casting tolerance, for example 2 to 5 mm.

As can also be seen in Figures 2 and 3, the segments 4 and the main roller body 3 are each provided with laterally projecting lugs 4d and 3a respectively. U-shaped 15 clamping elements which engage in the axial direction on both sides on the lugs 4d and 3a are braced together by means of tightening screws 6. The tightening screws 6 are received in axially extending grooves 3b of the main roller body 3. In this way all segments 4 are fastened to the main roller body 3 in each case by two clamping elements 5. However, other fixing means are also possible within the scope of the invention, for example, shrink rings, adjusting springs, radially arranged screws or spring clips tensioned with bolts.

Adjusting springs are provided for addition fixing of the segments 4 in the direction of rotation. In order to receive the adjusting springs 7, two grooves 3c are pro- Svided per segment 4 adjacent to the two end faces of the main roller body 3. The length of the grooves 3c corresponds approximately to the length of the regions of I i IlI ~r 111 i~ ir 5 the long side of the segment 4 laterally adjoining the lug 4a. The adjusting springs 7 set into the grooves 3c have surfaces 7a inclined in the direction of rotation of the roller 1. The edge in the region laterally adjacent to the lug 4a and the bearing surface of the segment 4 on the main roller body 3 has a corresponding inclination.

In the normal operation of the machine the segments 4 are held on the main roller body 3 by the clamping elements 5. In the event of extreme loads relative movements between the segments 4 and the main roller body 3, so that the seg ,nts attempt to twist on the main roller body against the direction of travel of the roller.

These relative movements are prevented by the adjusting S* 15 springs 7. The segments are supported on the radially extending surfaces of the adjusting springs 7. The chamfering of the adjusting springs (surface 7a) is carried out for reasons of space, and the chamfered surfaces are always unstressed.

25 9 9 In the drawing (Figure 3) a gap 9 of approximately 2 mm can be seen between the segment 4 and the adjacent adjusting spring 7. This gap 9 should compensate for settlements in the clamp connection. Thus in the event of extreme loads the segment makes a relative movement of 2 mm with respect to the main roller body 3 and the adjacent adjusting spring and then comes to rest on the adjusting spring, which prevents any further rotary movement.

6 The lug 4a and the recess 4b of the segment illustrated in Figure 4 have a rectangular outer contour when viewed in the radial direction. The recess 4b is defined by two lateral projections 4e when viewed in the axial direction. The axial length of the lug 4a and the recess 4b in the region of the root of the lug or the mouth of the recess corresponds approximately to half the axial length L of the segment 4. For the two lateral regions viewed in the axial direction of the lug 4a and recess 4b there remains in each case a quarter of the axial length L of the segment 4. The depth of the lug 4a and the recess 4b measured in the circumferential direction corresponds to an angle in a segment x of 3 to preferably 5 to 10". The depth of the lugs measured in 15 the circumferential direction advantageously corresponds approximately to the are measure of the region between the rollers in which the grinding pressure acts.

9 The durability of segmented rollers is influenced decisively by the surface pressure between the segments 4 and main roller body 3. (Wobbling of the segments>. The distribution of the surface pressure in the bearing surface between the segments 4 and the main roller body 3 is L, influenced by the non-uniform pressure distribution in 25 the gap between two rollers 1 in the direction of the roller axis la and by the orientation of the resulting S* grinding pressure with respect to the segment 4. By means of the orientation of the resulting force with ft respect to the segment 4 the maximum surface pressures S" 30 and the maximum tilting moment occur on the side of the segment running out of the gap, and the pressure in the i I q 7 gap above the axial length of the segment in the central region is greater than in the edge regions.

In the construction of the segments according to the invention the different pressure stresses and the differing tilting moments on the sides of the segment running into and out of the gap are taken into account by the shaping and arrangement of the segments 4 on the main roller body 3.

The segments 4 are arranged in the direction of rotation (arrow 8) on the main roller body 3 in such a way that first of all the side of the segment with the projecting lug 4a runs into the gap formed by two rollers I. a ar

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a The most highly stressed part of the segment 4 in the region of the recess 4b (approximately 65% of the total force) runs out of the gap as the first part of the rear long side of the segment. In this case the lateral pro- 20 Jections 4e act as supports and thus prevent unacceptably high surface pressures as well as wobbling of the segments. The subsequent running out of the projections 4e is not crit,8cal because of the lower pressure stress (approximately 35% of the total force). The pressure 25 stress of the incoming side of the segment the front long side when viewed in the direction of rotation of the roller) is substantially lower and therefore not critical because of the direction in which the grinding force acts.

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i i iii 8 In the further embodiments according to Figures 5 to 8 the same reference numerals are used for the same parts as in Figure 4. In the embodiment according to Figure the lug 4a and the recesa 4b of the segment 4 are constructed with a circular outer contour.

In the embodiment according to Figure 6 the lug 4a and the recess 4b have a trapeziform outer contour.

The segments illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 have an outer contour which consists of a circular central part and straight parts adjoining it on both sides. The straight parts then merge with rounded edges into the two lateral paraxial regions. The lug 4a or the recess 4-b of the ,*15 segment illustrated in Figure 8 are of somewhat narrower construction by comparison with the embodiment according to Figure 7. Otherwise the dimensions according to Figure 4 also apply to the embodiments according to Figures 5 to 8.

The roller shell which is composed of releasable indi- .,41 vidual segments makes it possi'ble for one or all segments *to be replaced if required. For this purpose it is merely necessary to remove the corresponding clamping 25 elements.

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Claims

1. Machine for compacting and/or crushing bulk material, comprising two rollers which can be pressed together at high pressure and have a main roller body and a roller shell which is releasably connected to the main roller body and composed of individual segments in which the bearing surfaces of the main roller body and the segments are constructed as cylindrical surfaces, and each of the individual segments has one single lug (4a) projecting in the circumferential direction on the front leg side in the direction of rotation of the rollers and one single complementary recess (4b) on the rear long side in the direction of rotation of the rollers the lug and the recess being arranged symmetrically with respect to the central plane (4c) of the segment running at right angles to the roller axis characterised by the following feature: the generatrices of those opposed outer surfaces of the segments pointing in the circumferential direction and £0 including said lugs (4a) and complimentary recesses (4b) run radially with respect to the roller axis (la).

2. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the lug (4a) and the recess (4b) have a rectangular outer contour when viewed in the radial direction.

3. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the lug (4a) and the recess (4b) have a circular outer contour when viewed in the radial direction. I U I 10

9.. *e 9r~ .9 9 S *1*9 a~i 9r 9 .9. 909 4. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the lug (4a) and the recess (4b) have a trapeziform outer contour when viewed in the radial direction. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the lug <4a) and the recess when viewed in the rad- ial direction, have an outer contour which consists of a circular central part and straight parts adjoining it on both sides. 6. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the axial length of the lug (4a) and the recess (4b) in the region of the root of the lug or the mouth of the recess corresponds approximately to half the axial length of the segment 7. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the depth of the lug (4a) and the recess (4b) measured in the circumferential direction corresponds to an angle in a segment of 3 to 15", preferably 5 to 8. Machine as claimed in claim 1, in which adjusting springs which engage in grooves (3c) in the main roller body are provided for fixing the segments characterised in that for each segment two grooves (3c) each intended to receive an adjusting spring are provided adjoining the two end faces of the main roller body these grooves (3c) each extending over only a part, preferably approximately a quarter, of the axial length of the main roller body and when viewed in the to the roller axis characterized by the following feature: the generatrices of those opposed outer surfaces of the 11 circumferential direction lying at the contact point of two aaacent segments 9. Machine as claimed in claim 8, characterised in that a gap is provided between the segments and the adjusting springs to compensate for settlement in the connection between the roller shell and the individual segments.

10. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that *1 S for fixing the individual segments on the main roller body clamping elements which engage on the segments on two sides are provided and are braced with the segment and the main roller body by means of axial tightening screws received in grooves (3b) of the main roller body S11. Machine as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that 13', the depth of the lugs measured in the circumferential direction corresponds approximately to the arc measure of the .region between the rollers in which the grinding pressure acts.

12. Segment for use in a machine for compacting and/or *0 crushing bulk material, comprising two rollers which can be pressed together at high pressure and have a main roller body and a roller shell which is releasably connected to the main roller body and composed of individual segments in which the bearing surface of the segment is constructed on the main roller body as a cylindrical surface, and the segment (4) has one single lug (4a) projecting in the circumferential direction on the front long side in the direction of rotation of the roller and one single complementary recess (4b) on the Al VI ~i l .i 12 rear long side in the direction of rotation of the roller, the lug and the recess being arranged symmetrically with respect to the central plane (4c) of the segment running at right angles to the roller axis, characterised by the following feature: the generatrices of those opposed outer surfaces of the segments pointing in the circumferential direction and Sincluding said lugs (4a) and complimentary recesses (4b) run 0 S radially with respect to the roller axis (la).

13. A machine for compacting and/or crushing bulk material substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this 30th day of October 1991 KRUPP POLYSIUS AG By their Patent Attorneys CULLEN CO. e S -A H^ Gf^ i'L~d.r L