FI91225C - Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like pieces with plastic film - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like pieces with plastic film Download PDF

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Publication number
FI91225C
FI91225C FI924936A FI924936A FI91225C FI 91225 C FI91225 C FI 91225C FI 924936 A FI924936 A FI 924936A FI 924936 A FI924936 A FI 924936A FI 91225 C FI91225 C FI 91225C
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FI
Finland
Prior art keywords
plastic film
heating element
heated
parts
heating
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Application number
FI924936A
Other languages
Finnish (fi)
Swedish (sv)
Other versions
FI91225B (en
FI924936A0 (en
Inventor
Raimo Tikka
Original Assignee
Tikka System Oy
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tikka System Oy filed Critical Tikka System Oy
Publication of FI924936A0 publication Critical patent/FI924936A0/en
Priority to FI924936A priority Critical patent/FI91225C/en
Priority to AU35123/93A priority patent/AU655874B2/en
Priority to GB9306101A priority patent/GB2271961B/en
Priority to ITRM930202A priority patent/IT1261219B/en
Priority to FR9304188A priority patent/FR2697531B1/en
Priority to NO931517A priority patent/NO931517L/en
Priority to DK048093A priority patent/DK48093A/en
Priority to SE9301431A priority patent/SE9301431L/en
Priority to DE4314030A priority patent/DE4314030A1/en
Priority to RU9393054782A priority patent/RU2089392C1/en
Publication of FI91225B publication Critical patent/FI91225B/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of FI91225C publication Critical patent/FI91225C/en
Priority to US08/366,989 priority patent/US5607536A/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/10—Forming by pressure difference, e.g. vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
    • B29C51/421—Heating or cooling of preforms, specially adapted for thermoforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0097—Glues or adhesives, e.g. hot melts or thermofusible adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2309/00—Parameters for the laminating or treatment process; Apparatus details
    • B32B2309/02—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2310/00—Treatment by energy or chemical effects
    • B32B2310/08—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B32B2310/0806—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B32B2310/0825—Treatment by energy or chemical effects by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2327/00—Polyvinylhalogenides
    • B32B2327/06—PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B32B37/1009—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure using vacuum and fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B32B37/16—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating
    • B32B37/22—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with all layers existing as coherent layers before laminating involving the assembly of both discrete and continuous layers
    • B32B37/223—One or more of the layers being plastic

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

91225 i91225 i

Menetelma ja laitteisto levymaisten kappaleiden pinnoitta-miseksi muovikalvolla.Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like bodies with a plastic film.

Keksinndn kohteena on menetelma levymaisten kappa-5 leiden pinnoittamiseksi muovikalvolla, jossa menetelmassa levymaisen kappaleen pinnalle levitetaan lampdaktivoituvaa liimaa, muovikalvo lammitetaan siita matkan paassa oleval-la låmpdsåteilijålia, muovikalvo asetetaan pinnoitettavan kappaleen paaile ja saatetaan painautumaan pinnoitettavan 10 kappaleen pintaa vastaan imemaiia kappaleen ja muovikalvon vSlistS ilmaa niin kauan, etta se liimaantuu kiinni pinnoitettavan kappaleen pintaan.The invention relates to a method for coating sheet-like kappa-5 sheets with a plastic film, in which a lamp-activatable adhesive is applied to the surface of the sheet-like body, the plastic film is heated by so long that it adheres to the surface of the part to be coated.

Edelleen keksinndn kohteena on laitteisto levymåis-ten kappaleiden pinnoittamiseksi muovikalvolla, joka lait-15 teisto koostuu seinS- ja katto-osien muodostamasta lampd-kuvusta, lamptikuvun ylSosaan sijoitutusta lampdsateilijas-ta, seka alipainepdydasta kalvon painamiseksi pinnoitettavan kappaleen pintaan.The invention further relates to an apparatus for coating plate-like bodies with a plastic film, the apparatus consisting of a lampd dome formed by wall and ceiling parts, a lamp dimmer arranged at the top of the lamp dome, and a vacuum bed for pressing the film onto the surface of the body to be coated.

DE-julkaisussa 38 19 434 on tunnettu ratkaisu, jos-20 sa muovikalvo lammitetaan lammityskammiossa sauvamaisilla lampOsateilijdilia, joiden pintalåmpdtila on hyvin korkea, jolloin myds niiden emittoima lampdsateilyn aallonpituus on erittåin lyhyt. Edelleen lammityskammion pohjalle on sijoitettu muotti, jonka paaile lammitetty muovikalvo lam-25 pdsateilijdiden puolelta sydtettavan ylipaineen avulla ja vastaavasti muotin puoleiseen osaan aiheutetun alipaineen avulla imetaan muottiin kiinni. Kyseinen laitteisto on erittåin kallis ja raskas ratkaisu. Lammityskammion yli-paine voi kohota jopa 10 bariin ja vastaavasti alipaine 30 lahentelee tyhjidta. TailOin lammityskammion seinamat on tehtava hyvin paksuiksi ja tukeviksi. Lammityskammion avaaminen ja muotin paaita poistettavan lopullisen tuot-teen kasittely on erittåin vaivalloista, koska lammityskammion paksut seinamat nostavat laitteiston massan hyvin 35 suureksi. Edelleen laitteiston vaatimat yli- ja alipaine- 2 kompressorit lisSSvSt kokonaiskustannuksia huomattavasti. Koska kSytettSvån låmpOsSteilyn aallonpituus on hyvin lyhyt ja lammitysprosessi eritt&in nopea, on ISmmitysproses-sin saatSminen erittain vaikeata ja hankalaa. Tasta aiheu-5 tuu muovikalvon epatasainen lampeneminen ja pahinunassa tapauksessa lampGsåteilyn jakaantuessa epatasaisesi polt-taa se muovikalvoon reiån, jolloin kyseinen kappale joutuu linjalla hylkyyn.DE 38 19 434 discloses a solution in which a plastic film is heated in a heating chamber by rod-shaped lamp oscillators with a very high surface temperature, whereby the wavelength of the lamp radiation emitted by them is very short. Further, a mold is placed at the bottom of the heating chamber, and the molded plastic film lam-25 is sucked into the mold by a pressurized overpressure on the lam-25 side and by a vacuum applied to the mold-side portion, respectively. This equipment is a very expensive and heavy solution. The overpressure of the heating chamber can rise up to 10 bar and correspondingly the negative pressure 30 dissolves empty. The walls of the TailOin heating chamber must be made very thick and sturdy. Opening the heating chamber and handling the final product to be removed from the mold is very cumbersome, because the thick walls of the heating chamber increase the mass of the equipment to a very large size. Furthermore, the overpressure and vacuum 2 compressors required by the equipment add to the total cost considerably. Because the wavelength of the heat radiation used is very short and the heating process is very fast, obtaining the heating process is very difficult and cumbersome. This causes uneven flattening of the plastic film, and in the worst case, when the lamp radiation is distributed unevenly, it burns a hole in the plastic film, causing the body to be wrecked on the line.

DE-julkaisuissa 32 20 416 ja 32 23 171 seka 32 25 10 533 on esitetty laitteisto etta laitteiston jatkokehitel- mia, joissa muovimateriaali låmmitetaan sauvamaisilla lam-pOsateilijoilia, joiden pintalåmpGtila on erittain korkea. Lammitetty muovilevy asetetaan muotin paaile, jonka jål-keen se alipaineen tai vastaavasti ylipaineen avulla pai-15 netaan muottiin kiinni. Nåin muotoillun muovilevyn jaah-dyttya irrotetaan se muotista jatkokasittelya vårten. On siis huomioitavaa, etta kyseiselia laitteistolla ei pin-noiteta materiaalia, vaan muotoillaan muovimateriaalista tarvittavat esineet. Kyseisissa DE-julkaisuissa on esitet-20 ty kuinka kyseisen muovimateriaalin muotoilu saadaan ta-pahtumaan tehdasmaisesti ja kehitetty tuotantolinjaa teol-lisuuteen sopivaksi. Edelleen lammitysprosessi on sen no-peuden vuoksi erittain hankala saataå ja saadGn vaikeuden vuoksi muovimateriaalin tasainen lampeneminen on kaytan-25 n5ssa katsoen mahdotonta.DE 32 20 416 and 32 23 171 as well as 32 25 10 533 disclose apparatus and further developments of the apparatus in which the plastic material is heated by rod-shaped lamp heaters with a very high surface temperature. The warmed plastic sheet is placed on the mold surface, after which it is pressed into the mold by means of a vacuum or an overpressure, respectively. The Jaht-dytt of the plastic sheet thus shaped is removed for further processing. It should therefore be noted that the equipment in question does not coat the material, but shapes the necessary objects from the plastic material. These DE publications show how the design of the plastic material in question can be carried out on a factory basis and a production line has been developed to be suitable for industry. Furthermore, due to its speed, the heating process is very difficult to obtain, and due to the difficulty of obtaining, uniform heating of the plastic material is impossible in use.

DE-julkaisussa 27 45 395 on esitetty laitteisto, jossa lammitetty muovimateriaali pakotetaan muotin muotoi-seksi alipaineen avulla ja muotoon saattamisen jålkeen irrotetaan muotista. Edelleen julkaisussa on esitetty muo-30 tin kierratysjarjestelma, jolla tuotanto saadaan jousta-vaksi ja helpoksi.DE 27 45 395 discloses an apparatus in which a heated plastic material is forced into a mold by means of a vacuum and, after shaping, is removed from the mold. Furthermore, the publication discloses a mold recycling system which makes production flexible and easy.

EP-julkaisussa 179 374 on esitetty laitteisto, jonka avulla erilaisia kumipintoja voidaan muotissaan vul-kanoida toisiinsa ja mahdollisesti muun muassa pinnoittaa 35 autonrenkaita. Julkaisun ratkaisu kohdistuu vain kumimate- 3 91225 riaalin kasittelemiseen.EP 179 374 discloses an apparatus by means of which various rubber surfaces can be vulcanized together in their mold and possibly, inter alia, retreaded 35 car tires. The solution of the publication only applies to the handling of rubber material.

DE-julkaisussa 22 40 769 on esitetty laitteisto, jossa yli- ja alipainetta hyvaksikayttaen muotoillaan pin-noitteesta muotin mukainen ja jonka jaikeen pinnoitteen ja 5 muotin valiin ruiskutetaan joustava aine kuten esimerkiksi polyuretaani, jolloin kyseiselia laitteistolla voidaan valmistaa esimerkiksi autonistuimen pehmusteita. Edelleen julkaisussa on kuvattu laitteisto, jolla kyseisten tuot-teiden tuotanto voidaan teollistaa autoteollisuuden vaati-10 musten mukaisiksi.DE 22 40 769 discloses an apparatus in which overpressure and underpressure are formed from a coating according to a mold and in which a flexible material such as polyurethane is injected between the rigid coating and the mold 5, whereby such equipment can be used to manufacture car seat cushions. The publication further describes an apparatus with which the production of the products in question can be industrialized in accordance with the requirements of the automotive industry.

Tdman keksinnGn tarkoituksena on luoda menetelma ja laitteisto, joka mahdollistaa levymaisten kappaleiden pin-noittamisen muovikalvoilla seka mahdollistaa laitteiston kevyen rakenteen. Tama tarkoitus saavutetaan keksinnGn 15 mukaisella menetelmålia, jolle on tunnusomaista se, etta muovikalvo lammitetaan olennaisesti muovikalvon lammitet-tavan pinnan kokoisella tasomaisella lammityselementilia, jolloin lammitetty muovikalvo aktivoi kappaleen pinnalla olevan liiman ja tarttuu kiinni pinnoitettavaan kappalee-20 seen.The object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus which makes it possible to coat plate-like pieces with plastic films and also enables a lightweight structure of the apparatus. This object is achieved by a method according to the invention 15, characterized in that the plastic film is heated by a planar heating element substantially the size of the surface of the plastic film to be heated, whereby the heated plastic film activates the adhesive on the surface and adheres to the body to be coated.

Edelleen keksinnGn mukaiselle laitteistolle on tunnusomaista se, muovikalvon lammittava iamp5sateilija on levymainen olennaisesti muovikalvon lammitettavan pinnan kokoinen lammityselementti.Furthermore, the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the heating element of the plastic film is a plate-like heating element substantially the size of the surface to be heated of the plastic film.

25 KeksinnGn olennaisena ajatuksena on, etta muovikal- voa lammittavien lampGsateilijGiden pintaiampGtila on niin alhainen, etta sateilijan synnyttama aallon pituus on riittavan suuri, jolloin muovikalvon lampGsateilyn absorp-tiokyky on erittain hyva. TailGin muovikalvo lampiaa ta-30 saisesti kauttaaltaan. Edelleen olennaisena ajatuksena on, etta lammityskupu muodostetaan sisapinnaltaan sellaiseksi, etta se absorboi mahdollisimman våhan lampGsateilya, jolloin se heijastaa lampGsateilyn haluttuun kohteeseen, tas-sa tapauksessa muovikalvoon. Edelleen olennaisena ideana 35 on valmistaa lampGelementtien muovikalvoa vastaan oleva 4 pinta lampGsateilyn hyvin emittoivasta aineesta ja vastaa-vasti lampGelementtien muovikalvosta pois pain oleva pinta lampGsåteilya huonosti emittoivasta aineesta, jolloin lam-pOsateily saadaan suunnattua suoraan muovikalvolle. Edel-5 leen olennaisena ajatuksena on jattaa lampGkuvun korkeim-paan kohtaan ilmanvaihtoaukko tai ilmanvaihtoaukkoja, joista lammityselementtien låmmittama ilma paasee vaihtu-maan silloin, kun muovikalvo ei ole kiinnittyneené låmmi-tyskupuun. Olennaisena ajatuksena on myGs, etta muovikalvo 10 lammitysvaiheessa kiinnittyy kupuun kuvun reunoilta ali- paineen avulla, jonka jålkeen låmmityselementit lammittå-vat muovikalvon ja vasta taman jålkeen lammitetty muovikalvo siirretaan levymaisen pinnoitettavan oven tai muun vastaavan paaile, jolloin levymåistå esinettå ei tarvitse 15 turhaan låmmittåå. Tåmån jålkeen muovikalvo imetaån tii-visti pinnoitettavan levymaisen esineen paaile alipaineel-la, jolloin levyn ollessa huokoista alipaine imee muovikalvon kiinni koko pinnoitettavan levyn alueelta. Edelleen levymaisen kappaleen pinta on kasitelty siten, etta lammOn 20 vaikutuksesta mahdollistaa se muovikalvon liimaantumisen kappaleen pintaan.The essential idea of the invention is that the surface temperature of the lamp radiators heating the plastic film is so low that the wavelength generated by the precipitator is sufficiently large, whereby the lamp radiation absorption capacity of the plastic film is very good. TailG's plastic film ponds evenly throughout. A further essential idea is that the heating dome is formed on its inner surface in such a way that it absorbs as little lamp radiation as possible, whereby it reflects the lamp radiation to the desired target, in this case a plastic film. A further essential idea 35 is to make the surface 4 of the lamp elements against the plastic film of the lamp-emitting material well and the surface of the lamp elements out of the plastic film of the lamp radiation-emitting substance, whereby the lamp-radiation can be directed directly at the plastic film. The essential idea of the above 5 is to leave a ventilation opening or ventilation openings at the highest point of the lamp dome, from which the air heated by the heating elements is allowed to change when the plastic film is not attached to the heating dome. The essential idea is that the plastic film 10 is attached to the dome at the edges of the dome during the heating step by means of a vacuum, after which the heating elements heat the plastic film and then the heated plastic film is not transferred Thereafter, the plastic film is sealed with a tightly coated sheet-like object under reduced pressure, whereby when the sheet is porous, the vacuum absorbs the plastic film over the entire area of the sheet to be coated. Furthermore, the surface of the plate-like body is treated in such a way that, under the action of the lammOn 20, it allows the plastic film to adhere to the surface of the body.

KeksinnGn olennaisena etuna on, etta lammitettaesså muovikalvoa matalammalla lampGtilalla, lampG jakautuu ta-saisemmin muovikalvoon eika nain olien polta kalvoon rei-25 kia tai aiheuta sen liiallista venymista. Kaytettaessa matalampaa lampGtilaa muovikalvon 1ammittamiseen on mah-dollista saataa muovikalvon lampGtila tasaiseksi ja var-mistaa muovikalvon tarkka låmpOtila. Edelleen olennaisena etuna on, etta lammityskupu voidaan tehda hyvin kevyeksi 30 ja nain olien helposti siirreltaviksi, koska kupua ei tarvitse paineistaa. Koska lampGkuvun seinåmåt on valmistettu lampOsateilya huonosti absorboivasta materiaalista, hei-jastaa se lampGsateilyn tasaisesti muovikalvolle. Huomat-tavaa on myGs, etta kyseiselia laitteella lånunitetåån vain 35 muovikalvo eika esinettå, jonka paaile muovikalvo kiinni- 5 91225 tetaån. Tållbin vaitytåan levymåisten aihioiden vaantymi-silta.An essential advantage of the invention is that when the plastic film is heated at a lower lamp space, the lamp is more evenly distributed in the plastic film and thus does not burn holes in the film or cause it to be excessively stretched. When using a lower lamp mode to extinguish the plastic film, it is possible to even out the lamp temperature of the plastic film and ensure the exact temperature of the plastic film. A further essential advantage is that the heating hood can be made very light and thus easily movable, since there is no need to pressurize the hood. Because the walls of the lamp dome are made of a material that poorly absorbs lamp rain, it reflects the lamp rain evenly onto the plastic film. It is also noteworthy that only 35 plastic films are lined with the device in question and no object that is covered by the plastic film is attached. Tållb's silence bridge of plate-like blanks.

Keksintba selitetaan tarkemmin oheisissa kuvioissa, joissa 5 kuvio 1 esittaa keksinndn mukaista laitteistoa si- vulta nahtyna ja kuvio 2 esittaa erasta edullista lampdelementin poikkileikkausta.The invention is explained in more detail in the accompanying figures, in which Figure 1 shows a side view of the apparatus according to the invention and Figure 2 shows a preferred cross-section of a lamp element.

Kuviossa 1 on esitetty laitteisto 1 muovikalvojen 10 lammittamiseksi, joka koostuu lampOkuvusta 2, lammitysele-menteista 3, alipainepbydasta 4 seka alipainepbydan 4 paana olevasta pinnoitettavasta levymaisesta kappaleesta 5. LampOkupu 2 koostuu seindosista 6a ja 6b seka katto-osasta 6c. Seina- ja katto-osat 6a - 6c on valmistettu 15 siten, etta niiden sisapinnat 7a, 7b ja 7c on valmistettu sellaisesta aineesta, joka absorboi mahdollisimman vahan lampdsateilya, kuten esimerkiksi kiillotetusta alumiinile-vysta. Sisapinnan paaile on asetettu lampoaeristava ker-ros, jolla estetaan turha lammbnjakautuminen tehdashalliin 20 tai muuhun vastaavaan. Seinåosissa 6a ja 6b on alipaineosa 8a ja 8b, joissa on urat 8a' ja 8b' seka tiivistyselimet 9a ja 9b. Edelleen kuviossa 1 on esitetty PVC-muovikalvo 10 sekå ilmanvaihtoaukot 11a ja 11b. Tilanteessa, jossa lampokupuun 2 ei ole kiinnitetty PVC-muovikalvoa 10, paa-25 see lampbkuvun 2 sisalla oleva lammityselementtien 3 lam-mittama kuuma ilma virtaamaan pois ilmanvaihtoaukkojen 11a ja 11b kautta, jolloin kiinnitettaessa uutta PVC-muovikalvoa lampOkupuun 2 alipaineurien 8a' ja 8b' avulla, ei lam-pOkupuun ole jaanyt liiaksi kuumentunutta ilmaa, joka mah-30 dollisesti polttaisi PVC-muovikalvoon 10 reikia. Kalvon 10 kiinnittyessa lampdkupuun 2 alipaineosien 8a ja 8b avulla, ilmanvirtaus ilmanvaihtoaukkojen 11a ja 11b kautta loppuu. Kalvon 10 ollessa riittavan lanunin, lasketaan se alipaine-pdydan 4 ja pinnoitettavan kappaleen 5 paaile. Kappaleen 5 35 pinta on kasitelty liimalla, joka aktivoituu lammCstå, 6 jolloin kuuman kalvon 10 osuessa liimaan, se saa liiman hetkeksi tartuntakykyiseksi. Liima jSShdyttåessS kalvoa 10 tarttuu kalvo 10 samalla kiinni, jolloin levylle muodostuu kiintea pinnoite. Kalvon saamiseksi painautumaan mahdolli-5 simman tehokkaasti levymaista kappaletta 5 vasten, imetaan sen alta alipainepdydån 4 avulla ilmaa, jolloin ilmakehan paine painaa kalvon 10 mahdollisimman tiukasti pinnoitet-tavaa levymaista kappaletta 5 vasten. Lammitysta voidaan haluttaessa jatkaa, jolloin kalvo 10 tarttuu levymaisen 10 kappaleen 5 jyrkkiin tai teraviin kulmiin.Figure 1 shows an apparatus 1 for heating plastic films 10, consisting of a lamp cover 2, heating elements 3, a vacuum tab 4 and a coated plate-like body 5 at the end of the vacuum tab 4. The lamp cup 2 consists of wall parts 6a and 6b and a roof part 6c. The wall and ceiling parts 6a to 6c are made in such a way that their inner surfaces 7a, 7b and 7c are made of a material which absorbs as little as possible lamp radiation, such as polished aluminum alloy. A heat-insulating layer is placed on the inner surface to prevent unnecessary lamp distribution in the factory hall 20 or the like. The wall portions 6a and 6b have a vacuum portion 8a and 8b with grooves 8a 'and 8b' and sealing members 9a and 9b. Further, Fig. 1 shows a PVC plastic film 10 and ventilation openings 11a and 11b. In the situation where the PVC plastic film 10 is not attached to the lamp dome 2, the hot air inside the lamp dome 2, measured by the heating elements 3, flows out through the ventilation openings 11a and 11b, whereby when attaching a new PVC plastic film to the lamp dome 2 vacuum grooves 8a 'and 8b' the lam-pOkupuu has not distributed overheated air, which could potentially burn 10 holes in the PVC plastic film. When the membrane 10 is attached to the lamp dome 2 by means of the vacuum parts 8a and 8b, the air flow through the ventilation openings 11a and 11b is stopped. When the film 10 is a sufficient lanun, it is lowered onto the vacuum bed 4 and the body 5 to be coated. The surface of the body 5 is treated with an adhesive which is activated by the lammCstå 6, whereby when the hot film 10 hits the adhesive, it makes the adhesive momentarily adhesive. As the adhesive cools, the film 10 adheres to the film 10, thereby forming a solid coating on the board. In order to make the film press against the plate-like body 5 as efficiently as possible, air is sucked under it by means of a vacuum plate 4, whereby atmospheric pressure presses the film 10 against the plate-like body 5 to be coated as tightly as possible. If desired, the heating can be continued, whereby the film 10 adheres to the sharp or sharp corners of the plate-like body 5.

Kuviossa 2 on esitetty esimerkinomaisesti yksi edullinen lammityselementin 3 mukainen laite, joka koostuu lammitysvastuksista 12a - 12c seka kahdesta toisiaan vas-taavasta osasta 14a ja 14b, joihin on vastuksia 12a-12c 15 vårten jyrsitty poikkileikkauksiltaan neliOnmuotoiset urat 13a - 13c. Edelleen osien 14a ja 14b pinnat on kasitelty siten, ettå se puolikas, jonka pinta on muovikalvoa 10 kohti, on valmistettu hyvin lampdsateilya emittoivaksi tyypillisesti mustaksi ja vastaavasti toinen muovikalvosta 20 10 poispSin oleva pinta on valmistettu låmpOsateilyå hyvin huonosti emittoivaksi eli kaytanndssa jatetty kirkkaaksi. TållCin lSmpttsateily suuntautuu suoraan muovikalvolle 10. Edelleen lammityselementin puolikkaat 14a ja 14b voidaan edullisesti valmistaa alumiinista, jonka lammiinsiirtokyky 25 on erittain hyva, jolloin vastusten 12a - 12c lammetessa jakaantuu lamptt mahdollisimman tasaisesti puolikkaisiin 14a ja 14b. On kuitenkin huomioitava, etta lammityselemen-tista 3 lampbsateilyå emittoi paaasiassa toinen pinta, jolloin sateily tapahtuu vain halutun pinnan kautta. Edul-30 lisimmillaan kaytettåva låmpfitila 200 - 300 eC, jolloin lampOsateilyn aallonpituus on suurempi kuin 4 pm. Lammi-tyselementti voi olla luonteeltaan myOs lammOnvaihdintyyp-pinen, jolloin lammityselementtiin voidaan johtaa esimer-kiksi kuumaa Oljya, joka on lammitetty lammityskuvun ulko-35 puolella ja johdettu lammityksen jalkeen putkistoa pitkin 7 91225 lammityselementtiin. Edelleen våliaineena lammOnsiirrossa voidaan kåyttaa muitakin mahdollisia nesteita. Lammi-tyselementin pinta on mahdollista tehda poikkileikkauksel-taan esimerkiksi sahalaitaiseksi, jolloin lampOsåteily 5 siirtyy seinaosien pinnoituksen kautta heijastumalla muo-vikalvolle. On kuitenkin otettava huomioon, etta lammi-tyselementti on pinnaltaan oleellisesti suora, tasomainen levy, jolloin lampOsateily on tasaista.Fig. 2 shows by way of example one preferred device according to the heating element 3, which consists of heating resistors 12a to 12c and two corresponding parts 14a and 14b, in which grooves 13a to 13c of square cross-section are milled with respect to resistors 12a to 12c. Further, the surfaces of the portions 14a and 14b are treated so that the half having a surface facing the plastic film 10 is made to emit a lamp, typically black, and the other surface away from the plastic film 20 is made to be very poorly emitting heat. The cooling of the heating element is directed directly at the plastic film 10. Furthermore, the halves 14a and 14b of the heating element can advantageously be made of aluminum with a very good pond transfer capacity 25, whereby when the resistors 12a to 12c heat up, the lamp is evenly distributed in halves 14a and 14b. However, it should be noted that the lamp element 3 of the heating element is mainly emitted by another surface, in which case the raining takes place only through the desired surface. Edul-30 at its maximum usable temperature is 200 - 300 eC, where the wavelength of the lamp radiation is greater than 4 μm. The heating element can be of the myOs heat exchanger type, in which case, for example, hot oil can be introduced into the heating element, which is heated on the outside of the heating dome and, after heating, is piped to 7,91225 heating elements. Furthermore, other possible liquids can be used as a medium in the lamp transfer. It is possible to make the surface of the heating element cross-sectional, for example sawtooth, in which case the lamp radiation is transferred through the coating of the wall parts by reflection on the plastic film. However, it must be taken into account that the lamination element is a substantially straight, planar plate with a surface, so that the lamp flow is even.

On huomattava, etta kyseinen menetelma on helppo 10 tuotannollistaa, koska esimerkiksi PVC-muovikalvoa voidaan vetaa tarvittava pituus lampOkuvun alle rullalta, jonka jaikeen kalvo lammitetaan ja taman jaikeen alipainepOydan 4 paaile siirretaan pinnoitettava levymainen kappale. Tai-16in prosessista saadaan nopea ja tehokas.It should be noted that this method is easy to produce because, for example, a PVC plastic film can be pulled to the required length under the lamp cover from a roll, the film of which is heated and the surface of the vacuum table 4 to be coated is transferred to the sheet. The Tai-16in process is fast and efficient.

15 Kuviot ja niihin liittyvat selitykset on tarkoitet- tu vain havainnollistamaan keksinnOn ajatusta ja yksityis-kohdiltaan voi keksintO vaihdella patenttivaatimusten puitteissa. Niinpa eraissa tapauksissa låmmityselementtina voi olla alumiinilevy, jonka paaile lammitysvastukset on 20 sijoitettu. Olennainen ajatus on kuitenkin siina, etta lampoa sateilevan esineen pintaiampO on riittavan alhai-nen. Edelleen on huomattava, etta kuvio 1 on vain poikki-leikkaus kyseisesta laitteesta ja etta todellisuudessa laitteisto on kolmiulotteinen my6s syvyyden huomioonottava 25 laite, jolloin laitteisto muistuttaa kulmasta katsottuna kuutiota. Lammityselementti on kaavamaisesti esitetty ku-viossa yhdeksi kappaleeksi, mutta se voidaan muodostaa useasta levymaisesta elementin osasta niin, etta ne yhdes-sa muodostavat olennaisesti muovikalvon lammitettavan pin-30 nan suuruisen levymaisen sateilijan.The figures and the related explanations are only intended to illustrate the idea of the invention and the details may vary within the scope of the claims. Thus, in some cases, the heating element may be an aluminum plate on which the heating resistors 20 are placed. The essential idea, however, is that the surface area of the object raining the lamp is sufficiently low. It should further be noted that Figure 1 is only a cross-section of the device in question and that in reality the device is a three-dimensional device that also takes into account the depth, with the device resembling a cube when viewed from an angle. The heating element is schematically shown in the figure as one piece, but it can be formed from several plate-like parts of the element so that together they form a plate-like precipitator of substantially 30 mm in surface area of the plastic film to be heated.

Claims (13)

1. Menetelma levymåisten kappaleiden ( 5) pinnoitta-miseksi muovikalvolla (10), jossa menetelmåsså levymåisen 5 kappaleen (5) pinnalle levitetåån låmpOaktivoituvaa lii-maa, muovikalvo (10) låmmitetåån siita matkan paassa ole-valla låmpOsåteilijållå, muovikalvo asetetaan pinnoitet-tavan kappaleen (5) paålle ja saatetaan painautumaan pin-noitettavan kappaleen (5) pintaa vastaan imemållå kappa-10 leen (5) ja muovikalvon (10) vålistå ilmaa niin kauan, ettå se liimaantuu kiinni pinnoitettavan kappaleen (5) pintaan, tunnettu siita, ettå muovikalvo (10) lammitetaån olennaisesti muovikalvon låmmitettavan pinnan kokoisella 15 tasomaisella lammityselementillå (3), jolloin lammitetty muovikalvo (10) aktivoi kappaleen (5) pinnalla olevan lii-man ja tarttuu kiinni pinnoitettavaan kappaleeseen (5).A method for coating sheet-like bodies (5) with a plastic film (10), wherein a heat-activatable adhesive is applied to the surface of the sheet-like body 5 (5), (5) and is pressed against the surface of the body (5) to be coated by absorbing air between the body (5) and the plastic film (10) until it adheres to the surface of the body (5) to be coated, characterized in that the plastic film (10) is heated by a planar heating element (3) substantially the size of the surface to be heated of the plastic film, wherein the heated plastic film (10) activates the adhesive on the surface of the body (5) and adheres to the body (5) to be coated. 2. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 mukainen menetelma, tunnettu siita, etta muovikalvo (10) lammitetaan seinå- 20 ja katto-osien (6a, 6b) muodostaman tilan ylåosaan (6c) sijoitetulla låmmityselementilia (3).Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plastic film (10) is heated by a heating element (3) arranged in the upper part (6c) of the space formed by the wall and roof parts (6a, 6b). 3. Patenttivaatimuksen 1 tai 2 mukainen menetelma, tunnettu siita, etta muovikalvo asetetaan låmmi-tystå vårten mainitun tilan seinåosien (6a, 6b) alareunaa 25 vasten ja sita kannatetaan lammityksen aikana imemaiia seinåosiin (6a, 6b) muodostettujen kanavien kautta ilmaa niin, etta muovikalvo painautuu kiinni seinaosien (6a, 6b) alapintaa vasten, jolloin muovikalvo (10) on lammityksen aikana olennaisesti saman matkan paassa låmmityselementis-30 tå (3).Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the plastic film is placed against the lower edge 25 of the wall parts (6a, 6b) of said space for heating and is supported during heating by means of air channels formed in the wall parts (6a, 6b) so that the plastic film presses against the lower surface of the wall parts (6a, 6b), whereby the plastic film (10) is substantially at the same distance from the heating element-30 (3) during heating. 4. Patenttivaatimuksen 2 tai 3 mukainen menetelma, tunnettu siita, ettå kappaleen (5) pinnoituksen jålkeen seinå- (6a, 6b) ja katto-osien (6c) muodostaman tilan (a) kuumentunut ilma vaihdetaan katto-osan (6c) il- 35 manvaihtokanavien kautta. 91225Method according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, after coating the body (5), the heated air of the space (a) formed by the wall (6a, 6b) and the roof parts (6c) is exchanged for the air of the roof part (6c). through exchange channels. 91225 5. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen menetelma, tunnettu siita, ettå låmmityselementin (3) pintalåmpO pidetfifin 200 - 300 °C låmpOtilassa niin, etta sen sateileman lampdsateilyn aallonpituus on noin 4 - 5 10 pm.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface temperature of the heating element (3) is maintained at a temperature of 200 to 300 ° C so that the wavelength of the lamp radiation it radiates is about 4 to 5 μm. 6. Jonkin edellisen patenttivaatimuksen mukainen menetelma, tunnettu siita, etta muovikalvoa (10) lammitetaan sen painautuessa pinnoitettavan kappaleen (5) pintaa vasten.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plastic film (10) is heated as it presses against the surface of the body (5) to be coated. 7. Laitteisto levymaisten kappaleiden (5) pinnoi- ttamiseksi muovikalvolla (10), joka laitteisto koostuu seina- (6a, 6b) ja katto-osien (6c) muodostamasta låmpbku-vusta (2), lampdkuvun (2) yiaosaan sijoitutusta låm-pOsateilijastå, seka alipainepbydastå (4) kalvon (10) pai-15 namiseksi pinnoitettavan kappaleen (5) pintaan t u η n e t t u siita, etta muovikalvon (10) lammittava lampOsateili-ja on levymainen olennaisesti muovikalvon (10) låmmitettå-van pinnan kokoinen lammityselementti (3).An apparatus for coating plate-like bodies (5) with a plastic film (10), the apparatus consisting of a heat shield (2) formed by wall (6a, 6b) and roof parts (6c), a heat shield placed in the yiam portion of the lamp shade (2). , and a vacuum (4) for printing the film (10) on the surface of the body (5) to be coated, provided that the heating element (3) of the plastic film (10) to be heated is a plate-like heating element (3) substantially the size of the heated surface of the plastic film (10). . 8. Patenttivaatimuksen 7 mukainen laitteisto tun n e t t u siita, etta lammi ty selement ti (3) on levymainen taso, jonka pintaan muovikalvon (10) vastakkaiselle puolel-le on kiinnitetty lammitysvastukset.Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the heating element (3) is a plate-like plane, on the surface of which heating resistors are attached to the opposite side of the plastic film (10). 9. Patenttivaatimuksen 7 tai 8 mukainen laitteisto tunnettu siita, etta lammityselementti (3) on val-mistettu ainakin kahdesta osasta (14a, 14b), joista muovikalvon (10) vastakkainen puoli on låmpOsåteilya huonosti emittoiva ja muovikalvon (10) puoleinen puoli on låmpOsa-10 teilya hyvin emittoiva ja etta lammitysvastukset on asen-nettu lammityselementin (3) osien (14a, 14b) valiin muodos-tettuihin uriin (13a - 13c).Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the heating element (3) is made of at least two parts (14a, 14b), of which the opposite side of the plastic film (10) is poorly emitting heat radiation and the side of the plastic film (10) is 10 emitting well and that the heating resistors are mounted in grooves (13a to 13c) formed in the parts (14a, 14b) of the heating element (3). 10. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 7-9 mukainen laitteisto tunnettu siita, etta lammityselementin (3) 15 pintalåmpdtila 200 - 300 oC, jolloin lampOsateilyn allonpi-tuus on 4-10 pm.Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the surface temperature of the heating element (3) is 200 to 300 ° C, the wavelength of the lamp radiation being 4 to 10 μm. 11. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 7-10 mukainen laitteisto tu nnettu siita, etta seinå- (6a, 6b) ja katto-osien (6c) sis&pinnat (7a, 7b, 7c) on valmistettu kiiltavasta materiaalista, jolloin ne absorboivat lSmpbså-teilya huonosti.Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the inner surfaces (7a, 7b, 7c) of the wall (6a, 6b) and the roof parts (6c) are made of a glossy material, so that they do not absorb absorbing radiation poorly. 12. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 7-11 mukainen lait teisto tunnettu siita, etta lampOkuvun (2) katto-osassa (6c) on ilmanvaihtoaukot (11a, 11b) kuuman ilman poistamiseksi lampOkuvusta (2).Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the roof part (6c) of the lamp cover (2) has ventilation openings (11a, 11b) for removing hot air from the lamp cover (2). 13. Jonkin patenttivaatimuksen 7-12 mukainen lait-10 teisto tunnettu siita, etta seinaosien (6a, 6b) alapinnassa on alipaineosat (8a, 8b) muovikalvon (10) kiin-nittamiseksi seinaosien (8a, 8b) alapintaan sen lammittami-sen ajaksi. 91225Apparatus according to one of Claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the lower surface of the wall parts (6a, 6b) has vacuum parts (8a, 8b) for fixing the plastic film (10) to the lower surface of the wall parts (8a, 8b) during heating. 91225
FI924936A 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like pieces with plastic film FI91225C (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI924936A FI91225C (en) 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like pieces with plastic film
AU35123/93A AU655874B2 (en) 1992-10-30 1993-03-10 Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like objects with a plastic film
GB9306101A GB2271961B (en) 1992-10-30 1993-03-24 Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like objects with a plastic film
ITRM930202A IT1261219B (en) 1992-10-30 1993-04-01 PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE COATING OF OBJECTS SIMILAR TO SHEETS WITH A PLASTIC FILM.
FR9304188A FR2697531B1 (en) 1992-10-30 1993-04-08 Method and apparatus for coating plate-like objects with plastic film.
NO931517A NO931517L (en) 1992-10-30 1993-04-26 Method and apparatus for coating plate-shaped objects with plastic foil
DK048093A DK48093A (en) 1992-10-30 1993-04-27 Method and apparatus for coating a plate-shaped blank with plastic film
SE9301431A SE9301431L (en) 1992-10-30 1993-04-28 Method and apparatus for coating disc-shaped articles with plastic foil
DE4314030A DE4314030A1 (en) 1992-10-30 1993-04-29 Method and device for coating plate-shaped bodies with a plastic film
RU9393054782A RU2089392C1 (en) 1992-10-30 1993-09-24 Method and apparatus for covering sheet objects with plastic film
US08/366,989 US5607536A (en) 1992-10-30 1994-12-30 Method and apparatus for coating objects with a plastic film

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FI924936 1992-10-30
FI924936A FI91225C (en) 1992-10-30 1992-10-30 Method and apparatus for coating sheet-like pieces with plastic film

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FI91225B FI91225B (en) 1994-02-28
FI91225C true FI91225C (en) 1994-06-10

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IT1261219B (en) 1996-05-09
DE4314030A1 (en) 1994-05-05
AU3512393A (en) 1994-05-12
GB9306101D0 (en) 1993-05-12
NO931517D0 (en) 1993-04-26
SE9301431L (en) 1994-05-01
FI91225B (en) 1994-02-28
DK48093A (en) 1994-05-01
FR2697531A1 (en) 1994-05-06
DK48093D0 (en) 1993-04-27
NO931517L (en) 1994-05-02
ITRM930202A0 (en) 1993-04-01
ITRM930202A1 (en) 1994-10-01
FR2697531B1 (en) 1995-05-05
GB2271961B (en) 1996-09-25
SE9301431D0 (en) 1993-04-28
GB2271961A (en) 1994-05-04
FI924936A0 (en) 1992-10-30
AU655874B2 (en) 1995-01-12

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