FI90192B - Poultry feed, feeding method, and method for improving the digestibility of poultry feed - Google Patents

Description

90192

POULTRY FEED, FEEDING METHOD AND METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE DIGESTIBILITY OF POULTRY FEEDING MEASURES - FJÄDERFÄFODER

5

The present invention relates to a poultry feed containing a lignocellulosic natural substance and an enzyme preparation. The invention further relates to a feeding method for improving the usability of poultry feed and a method for improving the digestibility of poultry feed.

At present, it is not desirable to use oat hulls or other lignocellulosic natural powders as a filler in poultry feed. 15 Too much fiber is known to be harmful in feed.

The use of a natural substance containing lignocellulose as a filler in poultry feed is limited by the poor nutritional value of these substances and indigestion due to indigestion. The feed value of oat husk is only about 15 20% of the feed value of wheat flour and about 21% of the feed value of wheat bran (Finnish feed table, 1982). The indigestible fibers affect the throughput time of the digestible feed mass advancing in the digestive tract. The flow rate of digestible feed mass in the digestive tract is known to contribute to the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the feed into the body. The indigestible fibers bind nutrients and digestive aids secreted by the digestive tract, preventing optimal utilization of nutrients.

30 The disadvantages described above increase the feed needs of poultry and impair, for example, egg production.

Lignocellulosic natural matter has been able to be added to a maximum of 5 to 6% of the amount of feed without the occurrence of indigestion.

It is an object of the present invention to obviate the above drawbacks. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a novel type of poultry feed containing lignocellulosic bile, which has a higher nutritional value than feeds containing lignocellulosic bitter natural substance in general.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a feeding method which improves the utilization of a feed containing lignocellulosic natural matter.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a method for improving the digestibility of poultry feed containing lignocellulosic natural material 10.

For aspects of the invention, reference is made to the claims.

The poultry feed containing more than 15% by weight, preferably 15 to 30% by weight, of oat hulls and / or barley hulls according to the invention contains 0.001 to 1% by weight of an enzyme preparation known per se which improves the digestibility of lignocellulosic natural matter and improves feed value and production efficiency. The enzyme preparation cleaves the lignocellulosic natural material in the body of the poultry 20 into indigestible ingredients, such as indigestible fibers. In this way, the nutritional value of the feed increases and harmful digestive disorders are avoided. For example, the amount of enzyme preparation contained in a feed made from oat shell powder is preferably 0.001 to 1% by weight. Such feed is very digestible and fully usable; the calculated feed value in the feed table is 7.5 MJ of convertible energy / kg with an oat hull content of 15-30%, but the actual experimental feed value for such feed containing the enzyme preparation is about 10 MJ of convertible energy / kg.

The poultry feed according to the invention is preferably dry and the enzyme preparation contained in the feed is impregnated or compounded in a dry carrier, such as vegetable flour, and granulated by the method described in Finnish Patent Publication 77359, whereby its enzyme activity in the feed

The enzyme preparation contained in the feed according to the invention preferably consists of 0.001 to 0.2% by weight of cellulase, 0.001 to 0.2% by weight of cellobase or 0.001 to 0.003% by weight of xylanase in the amount of the finished feed.

The feed may also contain a mixture of these enzymes. Depending on the composition of the feed, the feed may also contain other hydrolase enzyme preparations, such as starch degrading glucanases and amylases. The enzyme preparations used in the feed according to the invention are, for example, known commercial products or other enzymes suitable for the purpose in question.

In the feeding method according to the invention, 15 lignocellulosic natural substances, i. to the poultry feed containing oat hulls and / or barley hulls, an enzyme or enzyme mixture which improves the digestibility of the lignocellulosic natural substance is added during feeding to 0.001 to 1% by weight of the total weight of the finished feed.

The feeding method according to the invention can improve the utilization of a feed with a low feed value and a lignocellulosic natural substance.

The invention will now be described in detail by way of exemplary embodiments.

One experiment investigated whether wheat contained in feed mixtures for laying hens could be replaced by oat hulls and tested the use of two different enzyme mixtures in these compound feeds. The experiment consisted of eight 30 28-day periods.

At the start of the experiment, there were 4 x 92 chickens per feed group. Mä-16 and Mu-27 chickens were used as experimental animals, both equally. The oat husks were ground with a hammer mill.

35 Examples of compound feeds are shown in Table 1. Feeds 6 and 7 feed on reference feeds. In control feed 7, wheat, 30% by weight, was replaced by semi-oat hull powder. In experimental feeds 9 and 11, wheat, 30% by weight, has been replaced by 4,90192 semi-oat hull powder and in experimental feeds 12 and 13, wheat, 30% by weight, has been completely replaced by oat hull powder. Feeds 9 and 12 contain enzyme premix A (cellulase) and feeds 11 and 13 contain enzyme premix B (cellulase 5 and xylanase). The enzyme premix has been added to 1% of the amount of feed. The compositions of the enzyme premixes are also shown in Table I.

TABLE 1 10 ENZYME MIXTURE AND OAT SHELL FOR LAYING HENS Compositions of experimental feed and enzyme mixtures

Experimental feed No. 15 Raw material 6 7 9 11 12 13

Wheat 30.0 15.0 15.0 15.0

Oatmeal 15.0 15.0 15.0 30.0 30.0

Enzyme or

enzyme mixture * A B A B

20 Soybean meal 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4 10.4

Fishmeal

Meat and bone meal 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Barley 23.92 23.92 23.92 23.92 23.92 23.92

Oats 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 25 Viherrae 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0

Fat mixture

Lime 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4 6.4

Seaweed concentrate 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 30 Salt 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 DL-methionine 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06

Premixes 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77 0.77

Composition of the enzyme or enzyme mixture (per tonne of 35 ready-to-eat compound feed)

II

5,90192

A B

Cellulase, SSOY preparation 1.6 kg 1.6 kg

Xylanase, commercial, Japanese preparation 25 kg 5

Enzyme or enzyme mixture mixed with barley as enzyme premix, dosage 1%.

Table 2 shows the chemical analyzes of the feeds in Table 1 and the calculated feed values.

TABLE 2

ENZYME MIXTURE AND OAT SHELL FOR LAYING HENS

15 Analytical values of compound feedingstuffs

Analyzed Feed No. values,% 6 7 9 11 12 13

Humidity 11.0 10.5 10.5 10.5 9.6 9.8 20 Crude protein 16.6 16.4 15.8 15.9 14.9 14.5

Fat 5.2 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3

Crude fiber 5,9 9,5 10,5 10,0 14,2 13,7

Ash 9.1 9.2 10.2 9.2 10.5 10.5 25 Calcium 2.80 2.46 2.72 2.54 2.81 2.93

Phosphorus 0.72 0.70 0.68 0.68 0.66 0.66

NaCl 0.39 0.41 0.42 0.39 0.43 0.43

Number of analyzes 333322 30

Calculated values ME MJ / kg 10.95 9.27 9.27 9.27 7.58 7.58

Methionine% 0.32 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.28 0.28

Met + cystine% 0.61 0.57 0.57 0.57 0.53 0.53 35 Lysine% 0.73 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.68 0.68 6,90192

Tables 3 and 4 show the results of sections 1-8. TABLE 3

5 ENZYME MIXTURE AND OAT SHELL FOR LAYING HENS

Main results, periods 1-8 15% oat peel Untreated Avizyme

10 AB

Eating% 77.9 79.4 78.1

Egg weight g 56.1 56.0 56.5

Egg mass, g / day / chicken 43.7 44.5 44.1

Feed intake, g / day / chicken 113.6 110.1 112.5 15 Feed efficiency, kg feed / kg eggs 2.59 2.47 2.54 30% oat hulls

Eating% 79.6 78.2

Egg weight g 56.1 55.7 20 Egg mass, g / day / chicken 44.6 43.6

Feed intake, g / day / chicken 115.6 110.3

Feed efficiency, kg feed / kg eggs 2.59 2.53 11, 90192 0 ^ 7 <i

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z O> .01 (03 tOD> <0D> <0 3> COD> ω H cc> Ni £ <: ^ 3 »;« t ie jc <ce * * x se e * 8 90192 Test feedingstuffs containing 15% oat hulls -nutrition, feed efficiency, egg weight and egg mass production are at the same level as in the control feed, M-sleep is 0.5 - 2.5% and egg mass production 1.3 - 3.1 5% lower than in the control group.Chickens eat 5.1 - 8.8% more feed than the control group chickens, so the feed efficiency is 0.15 to 0.27 kg / egg weaker.

At the 30% oat husk level, the ratios have also remained at the same level. Laying is 0.4 - 2.1% hei-10 coarser and feed intake 9.1 - 11.5% higher than with control feed. Feed efficiencies are 0.21 to 0.27 kg / kg lower than in the control group.

The addition of enzyme resulted in a fully utilized feed from the mixture containing 30% oat hulls. The low egg production result of Hy-15 shows that the chickens made excellent use of the feed and no indigestion occurred. Recovery was significantly better than could have been expected from any pre-calculated estimate.

20 The application examples are intended only to illustrate the invention without limiting it in any way.

Claims (10)

1. Poultry feed containing lignocellulosic natural material and enzyme preparation, characterized in that the feed contains oat husk and / or barley husk above 15 wt.%, Advantageously 15-30 wt.%, And an enzyme preparation 0.001 - 1 wt.%. containing cellulase 0.001 - 0.2% by weight and possibly cellobias 0.001 - 0.2% by weight and / or xylanase 0.001 - 0.003% by weight. Poultry feed according to claim 1, characterized in that the enzyme preparation contains cellulase 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and cellobias 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and / or xylanase 0.001 - 0.003 wt%. Poultry feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed contains one on a carrier, such as in a vegetable flour, e.g. barley and / or wheat flour, as a premix mixed enzyme preparation. Feeding method, to improve the utilization of poultry feed containing lignocellulosic natural material and enzyme preparation, characterized in that in the feed containing more than 15% by weight, advantageously 15-30% by weight 25 oat peel and / or barley shell 1 is added 0 wt%, containing cellulase 0.001 - 0.2 wt%, and possibly cellobias 0.001 - 0.2 wt%. -% and / or xylanase 0.001 - 0.003% by weight or a mixture thereof. Feeding process according to claim 4, characterized in that the enzyme preparation contains cellulase 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and cellobias 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and / or xylanase 0.001 - 0.003 wt% Feeding method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the feed is added to a carrier, such as in vegetable flour, e.g. barley and / or wheat flour, as a premix mixed enzyme preparation. 7. A process for improving the digestibility of poultry feed containing lignocellulosic natural materials and enzyme preparations, characterized in that in feed containing more than 15% by weight, preferably 15-30% by weight of oat husk and / or barley shell, an enzyme mixture is added. 0.001 - 1 wt% containing cellulase 0.001 - 0.2 wt%, and possibly cell lobias 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and / or xylanase 0.001 - 0.003 wt%. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the enzyme preparation contains cellulase 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and cellobias 0.001 - 0.2 wt% and / or xylanase 0.001 - 0.003 wt%. 9. A method according to any of claims 7-9, characterized in that a lining is added to the liner on a carrier, such as in vegetable flour, e.g. barley and / or wheat flour, as a premix mixed enzyme preparation. Il