FI89960B - Concrete form element - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention consists of a beam-shaped concrete form element 1 which is formed from a haydite concrete shell remaining as part of a concreting operation and thermal insulation 3 located inside this shell. The concrete form element 1, inside which concrete is cast, consists of two virtually L-shaped haydite concrete beams 2a, 2b, the lower arms 6a, 6b of which point towards one another. The beams 2a, 2b form an essentially U-shaped shell for the concrete-casting form, and, between the haydite concrete beams 2a, 2b, there is a thermal insulation panel 3 which extends at least approximately from the plane of the lower surface 7 of the beam to the level of the upper edge 8 of the beam. There is a shaped recess for concrete casting at least between one side of the insulating panel and the haydite concrete beam. <IMAGE>

Description

89960

BETOHGFORMELEMENT

The invention relates to a beam-like concrete formwork element consisting of a lightweight gravel concrete shell and a thermal insulation inside it, which is part of the concrete casting, inside which the concrete is poured.

Such concrete formwork elements made of lightweight gravel concrete are known per se and there are two different types. The second type consists of blocks made of light sorghum concrete with thermal insulation in the middle. A straight wall can be bricked relatively quickly from such a ingot, but its durability in foundations is questionable and cannot be used for gap crossings. However, from the point of view of thermal insulation itself, such an ingot is advantageous because no cold bridges are formed.

Another known road element of formwork 15, which is considered to be the closest prior art, consists of a U-shaped beam-like light-reinforced concrete shell, on the other side of which a separate thermal insulation is placed at the installation site. At the installation site, the rest of the U-chute is filled with reinforced concrete to form a strong enough beam. Such a light-reinforced concrete beam reinforced with concrete withstands well in the foundations and openings of a building and, for example, the masonry of openings takes place relatively quickly, because it is not necessary to install large-scale scaffolding and support structures. However, since the thermal insulation extends only to a part of the height 25 of the beam, a cold bridge is created in the structure at the lower edge of the U-shape.

One possibility, of course, is to make those points out of a relatively massive conventional concrete beam. Structures made of solid concrete are also heavy and handling them on site by hand is laborious and almost impossible.

A further disadvantage is that the outer surface forms a different base for the primer, whereby such a concrete structure differs from the adjacent light sorbate concrete structures by 2 8 9 960.

The object of the invention is thus to provide a concrete formwork element which remains part of a concrete casting, which would be so light that it would be possible to move it on the site by hand even in large lengths and in which the exposed surfaces would have the same surface quality as adjacent lightweight gravel parts. Another object of the invention is to provide such a concrete formwork element, using which the finished beam is strong enough for use in foundations and openings 10 without special supports. A third object of the invention is to provide such a concrete formwork element which, under no circumstances, leaves room for cold bridges. And a further object of the invention is such a concrete formwork element, which with its concrete reinforcements could be assembled at the factory and transported as such to the installation site and handled at the installation site by hand.

The drawbacks described above and the objects defined above can be realized by a formwork element according to the invention, characterized in that the formwork element 20 consists of two mainly L-shaped lightweight sorbent concrete beams with lower arms facing each other to form a shell of predominantly U-shaped concrete molds, and between a heat insulation plate, which extends at least approximately the level of the beam 25 the lower surface of the upper edge of the beams plane, and in that said heat insulation plate is sandwiched between the lower legs of L-forms, wherein the cavity of concrete for casting is between the at least one side of the lightweight aggregate concrete beam isolating trim panel.

The main advantage of the invention is that it avoids cold bridges in the structure and at the same time enables beam plinths and, for example, opening crossings without special support, i.e. the concrete formwork element according to the invention is able to support the concrete weight of the cast concrete beam without special support during curing. -39960 without interruption.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of a finished beam according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of another embodiment of a concrete formwork element according to the invention.

Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of a concrete formwork element according to the invention.

The formwork element 1 according to the invention consists of two mainly L-shaped light sorbate concrete beams 2a and 2b, the lower branches 6a and 6b of which point towards each other. Thus, a substantially U-shaped concrete casting mold shell 5 is formed. In the second direction, the thermal insulation plate 3 extends at least approximately to the level of the upper edge 8 of the beams 2a and 2b. In this case, two cavities 4a and 4b are formed between the thermal insulation plate 20 3 and always one lightweight sorbet concrete beam 2a and 2b.

When the thermal insulation plate 3 extends from the upper edge 8 of the beam to its lower edge 7, no cold bridges are created in the structure at all. When the wall thicknesses of the lightweight gravel concrete beams 2a and 2b are arranged relatively thin, cavities 4a and 4b with a relatively large volume remain for the actual concrete level, whereby the finished beam has a very good load-bearing capacity. Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the invention after pouring concrete.

In the embodiments shown in the figures, both lightweight sorbetone beams 2a and 2b are similar in cross-section, whereby manufacture is advantageous because both halves of the 4 S 9 9 6 9 are formed by the same molds. The resulting structure is also symmetrical with respect to its central plane, which is advantageous in many cases. Of course, within the scope of the invention, it is also possible to use light sorbate-5 tone beams 2a and 2b with different cross-sections, the cavities 4a and 4b formed for the concrete being of different sizes and / or different shapes. In the extreme case, the second lightweight sorbetone beam may be only a rectangular beam, in which case there is no lower branch of its L-shape. This is intended to be included in the invention 10 using the definition of a substantially L-shaped beam. In any case, the L-shaped lower branches 6a and 6b of the lightweight sorbetone beams or the corresponding points of the beam are pressed against the thermal insulation 3 to form a closed mold. The light-reinforced concrete beams 2a and 2b thus form a shell 5 for the concrete casting to be carried out.

The concrete formwork elements 1 according to the invention, ready for transport, are shown in Figures 2 and 3. It can be seen that right at the top of the element as well as the portions of the L-branches keep it at the bottom of the element. According to the invention, these spacers comprise at least spikes or other fastening parts 12 by means of which they fasten at least to the thermal insulation plate 3. In addition, the spacers 9 may include flanges shown in the figures or fasteners not shown in the figures for locking them in lightweight aggregate. The spacers 9 30 are preferably made of plastic or possibly also of metal, such as a thin sheet metal plate or the like. The spacers remain inside the concrete to be poured. In addition to this, the spacer piece 9 may have troughs or notches 14 on at least one of its surfaces, which are preferably located in the installed space 35 in the longitudinal direction of the lightweight concrete beam and on the upper side thereof. These troughs 14 can be used to hang and lock any concrete reinforcements in place as can be seen in Fig. 5 9 960 or 2 and as described below. The spacers can, of course, be placed in the mold element other than near the upper edge, if necessary.

As can be seen from Fig. 2, the concrete reinforcement 10 can be hung on the spacer pieces 9, whereby the concrete to be poured into the cavities 4a and 4b becomes reinforced. The concrete reinforcement 10 is preferably a reticulated reinforcement with thinner vertical bonding wires as well as thicker concrete reinforcements 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d, 13e in the longitudinal direction of the beam, which are dimensioned 10 to support the loads of the structure. The purpose of the tie rods is to support these longitudinal concrete irons 13a to 13e in the correct position in the cavity 4a or 4b. In this way, the structure can be accurately calculated and manufactured, whereby the strength values to be achieved are very predictable when the installation of the 15 rebar is not done by hand but in connection with the assembly of the element at the factory.

The concrete formwork elements according to the invention remain as a whole during transport and handling when they are tied with circumferential ties 15. At the ties 20, for example, plastic support blocks 16 and possibly support elements 17 below the element are used at the corners of the element.

It is clear that in the concrete formwork element the dimensions of the light sorbate concrete beams 2a and 2b and their ratios can vary within very wide limits within the scope of the invention. The shapes shown in the figures below are just some of the possibilities. The lightweight gravel concrete beams 2a and 2b may themselves themselves include support structures such as concrete reinforcements 11, as shown in Figure 1. In this case, the formwork element is better able to support the weight of concrete poured into the cavities 4a, 4b, even if the beams 2a, 2b are quite thin.

The concrete formwork element 1 is used to make openings in the structure, as a plinth beam and as a plinth as the concrete formwork element carries the weight of the concrete 6 89 960 of the concrete beam to be cast therein without special support during curing.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various embodiments of the invention may vary within the scope of the claims set forth below.

Claims (7)

1. A beam-shaped concrete mold element (1) formed by a light-gravel concrete shell (5) remaining as part of a concrete casting and inside this existing thermal insulation (3), within which the concrete element is cast the concrete (4), characterized in that the mold element (1) consists of two adjacent L-shaped lightweight gravel concrete beams (2a and 2b), the lower arms (6a and 6b) of which are facing each other mainly to form a U-shaped shell (5) for the concrete casting and that between said light gravel -10 concrete beams (2a, 2b) are provided with a thermal insulation plate (3) which extends at least about from a pane of the lower surface (7) of the beam to the level of the upper edge (8) of the beams, and that said thermal insulation plates. (3) has been pressed between the lower arms (6a and 6b) of the L-forms, whereby a depression (4a or 4b) for concrete casting is at least between one side of the insulation plate and the light gravel concrete beam. Molding element according to claim 1, characterized in that said two L-shaped lightweight gravel concrete beams (2a and 2b) are similar in cross-section. Molding element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that between the heat insulation plate (3) and from the light gravel concrete beam (2a or 2b) located at the respective intervals there is At least near the upper edge (8) of the beams intermediate pieces (9) to maintain the proper gap between the insulating board and the interior surface of the beam and to support possible concrete iron (10). 4. Form element according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the light gravel concrete beams (2a, 2b) contain a concrete iron reinforcement (11). 5. Form element according to any of claims 1-4 89 960 characterized in that the intermediate pieces (9) are of plastic or metal and contain in the heat insulation (3) and / or in the light gravel concrete beam (2a, 2b) fastening parts (12) and at least from one of the surface trenches or cuts 5 (14), which is positioned in the longitudinal mounted spacers to align and read possible concrete cast iron (10) pS its places. 6. The molding element according to claim 3, characterized in that the concrete bars (10) placed on the support of the intermediate pieces (9) are mesh-shaped and their longitudinal bars (13a, 13b, 13c ...) have been dimensioned to support the load of the construction. Use of a beam-shaped concrete mold element (1) formed by a light gravel concrete shell (5) remaining as part of a concrete casting and inside this existing thermal insulation (3), within which the concrete element is cast the concrete, characterized in that the concrete mold element (1) is used to make opening transitions 20 of the structure, as a plinth beam and as a plinth, in that the concrete form member carries the weight of concrete (4) to be cast therein, without special support during curing.