FI87676B - RYMDFACKVERK - Google Patents

Abstract

A space frame, comprises a plurality of joint elements, each of the elements including a plurality of releasably connectable bodies, each of the bodies having a plurality of connecting members; and a plurality of connecting pieces which are releasably connectable with the connecting members of the bodies so as to connect the joint elements at a distance from one another, the bodies of each of the joint elements being formed ring-shaped and arranged concentrically relative to one another, each of the bodies of each of the joint elements having a plurality of portions and being provided in each of the portions with an equal number of the connecting members.

Description

1 87676

Avaruusristikkorakenne

The invention relates to a space lattice structure with connecting elements comprising connecting members, which are formed by detachable connectable body pieces and whose sheath is formed almost in the form of a ball or a polygonal shape, and in particular by connecting , eg by means of screw connections.

Such space lattice structures are described, for example, in GB-1 283 025. It describes an intersection element consisting of two 8-angled annular bodies. Both annular bodies are 8-angles of the same shape, so that the radial distance of the outer connecting surfaces from the center of the intersection element is not the same. As a result, the construction of rod-shaped joints between the junction pieces becomes considerably cumbersome when constructing the truss. · ***; When such an intersection is loaded from the outside, the deformation of both annular bodies takes place. . ·. so that this known intersection is not shaped, ···. stable.

FR-2 471 455 (Fig. 3) also describes an intersection consisting of three rings • · *, in which the rings have different diameters and are arranged at an acute angle to each other with respect to one axis. There is an axial distance between the individual rings V · so that the rings cannot adhere to each other in form or force. The joints of the different rings are 2,7676 at different radial distances from the center of the intersection, so that the connecting rods leading to the adjacent intersections are necessarily of different lengths.

The invention is based on the object of providing a simple and easy-to-assemble space lattice structure in which the connecting elements can be easily distributed to simple and inexpensively manufactured articulated elements.

To achieve this, the truss structure according to the invention is characterized by what is defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Other advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims.

A particularly suitable embodiment of the invention is achieved in that the articulation elements always consist of three, rectangular. a body body arranged relative to each other, wherein these articulation elements consist of an innermost body body arranged inside the middle body body and an outermost body body within which the middle body body is arranged. In this case, with a large character - ;;; for the practical application of the invention, a hinge element which meets all the requirements of a space lattice structure can be assembled in the most basic and simple manner. The fact that access to the interior of the articulation elements and thus also to the making of the joints with the • connecting pieces is extremely simple is due to the fact that the connecting elements of the articulation elements can be accessed from all sides. Individual body pieces of butter,; they consist of rings whose width is only slightly greater than the diameter of the connecting piece at the point where it joins the body.

li 3 87676

In order to ensure the shape and force locking of the articulation elements in all cases of use, it is arranged that the inner body is connected to the middle and outermost body from the outside, while the middle body is connected to the inner body from the inside and to the outermost body from the outside.

A particularly advantageous feature of the invention is that the inner and outer contours of the body are a polygon, preferably an octagon, the outermost body being a regular octagon with diagonally opposite sides spaced x (cm) apart, with the middle body further having two diagonals. to the opposite side having an outer key spacing x (cm) of substantially the same shape as the outermost body 11a, and wherein the inner body has, to two diagonally opposite sides having an outer key spacing x (cm), substantially the same shape as on the middle body, these two sides being perpendicular to the sides of the middle body, the outer key spacing of which is x (cm). In this case, an articulation element is obtained which nevertheless provides evenly distributed coupling possibilities for the connecting pieces in all three planes at right angles to each other.

When the connecting elements are formed in this articulation element as radially extending bores evenly distributed on the circumference of the body, which is a further feature of the invention, then: the force distribution inside the articulation element is particularly good, since the forces do not compensate each other oppositely. can be deformed even when the body members consist of relatively thin-walled rings.

. ··. With articulation elements, the body parts of which are formed e.g.

circular rings, the desired shape and force lock can be achieved by having complementary-shaped notches in the connecting portions of the interconnected body members. When such body pieces are formed of an elastic material, as is a suitable additional feature of the invention, then the assembly of the individual articulation elements is particularly simple and quick to carry out.

With such articulation elements, it is advantageous to form the connecting elements into slots or meshes, whereby myc-s can be provided so that the slots or meshes have round bores whose central axes are perpendicular to the joint plane where the slots or meshes are. In this embodiment of the invention, the forces from the connecting pieces act uniformly tangentially on the articulation element. While the connecting pieces are placed at right angles at their ends, then the forces act again radially, so that these are compensated in opposite directions.

The slots and meshes can then be made either inside the body pieces and between the connecting parts or on the outside of the body pieces.

* - '· The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular in the substantial simplification of the manufacture of the articulated and rod elements, and in the considerable simplification of the assembly technology.

• · ·: When making, for example, an articulated element with eighteen joins. *. ·. with a support element (rod connection option), then only three different ti.butter rings are required, each with •. eight boreholes. The rings can be made in a simple I .. ’way as cut pieces of a continuous casting * · · profile (steel) of an extrusion profile (aluminum) or a cold or hot formed hollow profile.

• · «· .3. After each of the eight holes has been punched or drilled in each body piece (ring), and after any surface treatment, the individual parts of the articulation elements are mounting brackets.

The jointing technique according to the invention results in a simplification of the constructive formation of the connecting pieces (rod elements). Here, the rod elements can be formed in such a way that they "have only one threaded bore" on the end face. In the case that "the connecting elements (connecting surfaces of the rods) have already been pressed into the body parts (rings) in the extrusion process (aluminum), the connecting pieces (rod ends) must be formed in such a way that they have mating connecting surfaces. A single joint element reaches the final and structural stiffening only by screwing on the fittings.This is the main simplification in the manufacture of the space grid.

Particular emphasis must be placed here on the possibility of quick installation with electric screws, so that the amount of partial screen on the ground and also the installation direction can be freely adapted to the general direction of travel of the space. The replacement of T, .i cuttings can take place at any time, without damaging the space lattice structure.

. Three embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.

In the drawing: Fig. 1 is an articulated element consisting of three body members arranged perpendicularly to each other, Fig. 2 is a vertical plan view of the innermost body piece, .1. Where the differences between the middle and outermost body members are - _ shown in broken lines, * ··· section through a hinge element with screw-on fittings, Fig. 4 is a mirror view of a hinge element comprising the mating pieces, namely in the direction of the connecting plane of the outermost body, Figures 5, 6 and 7 are from the outermost, middle of the hinge element shown in Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of the articulation element, in which the connecting elements are formed with eyes inside the body members, Figs. 9, 10 and 11 show the inner, middle and outermost body element of the articulation element shown in Fig. 0, Fig. 17 shows the articulation element another embodiment wherein The connecting elements are formed as eyes on the outside of the body, and Figures 13, 14 and 15 show the outermost, middle and inner body of the articulation element shown in Figure 12.

The drawing shows a part of a space circuit structure with articulation elements comprising connecting elements, which are formed by detachably connectable body pieces, the sheath of which is formed in an almost spherical or polygonal shape. The space lattice structure also has a pipe ... hook- and / or rod-shaped connecting pieces which can be detachably connected to each other by means of connecting elements of spaced-apart articulated elements, e.g. by means of screw connections. The pivot elements are formed of ring-shaped and concentrically arranged frame pieces Lei. Each 'body determines the level of connection of the same connecting elements -; ; the number.

As can be seen in particular from Figure 1, the hinge element 1 consists of three run-off pieces 2, 3 and 4 arranged at right angles to each other, namely the innermost body body arranged inside the middle body piece 3, and: the outermost body piece 2 inside which the middle body piece 3 has been organized. The three said body pieces 2, 3 and 4 always have the same number of connecting elements 5, 6 and 7.

Il 7 87676 In the present case, each body 2, 3 and 4 always has eight radially oriented connecting elements arranged in the form of bores.

The bodies 2, 3 and 4 of the articulation element 1 are connected to each other so that the inner body 4 is connected to the outer body 3 and the outermost body 2 from the outside, while the middle body 4 is connected to the inner body 4 from the inside and to the outermost body 2 from the outside. This creates both a force-locked and a form-locked connection between the body pieces 2, 3 and 4.

This connection is further present in each of the embodiments shown.

At those points of the body pieces 2, 3 and 4 where the two body pieces always overlap, the connecting elements (bores) 5 and 6 are formed so that they are flush with the bores adjacent to the other body pieces. It is also possible to connect the connecting pieces 10, 11 (cf. Fig. 4) to the articulation elements 1, e.g. by means of screws 12 and 13 of different lengths.

* The ends of the screws 12 and 13 are inside the articulation elements 1.

The body pieces 2, 3 and 4 are formed so that their outer and inner contours are polygonal or circular.

In the embodiments according to Figures 1-7, the body pieces 1a, 2, 3 and 4 have an octagonal outer and inner contour. ^ mice. . is a regular octagon of the outermost body 2, the diagonally opposite sides 15 and 16 of which are arranged at a distance from each other with an inner diameter of ** '"x (cm) (Fig. 5). The average body 3 has two diagonally opposite sides 19 and 19 with an outer key width x (cm) of substantially the same shape as the outer body 2.

Π 87676

The outer key width of the diagonally opposite sides 20 and 21 of the innermost body 4 associated with the central body 3 and the sides 22 and 23 associated with the outermost body 2 is x (cm).

The difference between the innermost and outermost body pieces 4 and 2 is particularly clear from Fig. 2, in which the outermost body piece 2 is shown by a broken line. It is also observed that the bores 5 and 5 'have the same central axis.

It can be seen from Figures 3 and 4 that the articulation elements 1 can be connected to connecting pieces 10 and 11 or 10 'and 11', the diameters of which vary considerably. The large-diameter connecting pieces 10 'and li' have connecting supports 26, 27 tapering towards the articulation elements 1, with which independence can be achieved between the articulation elements 1 and the connecting pieces 10 'and li' with respect to their diameters. This is especially important when the user wants a space lattice structure with which the articulation elements must not protrude. On the other hand, it is also possible to manufacture a space lattice structure in which the articulation elements, compared to the diameter of the connecting pieces, are clearly larger, and · "act e.g. as lamp housings.

»·« ·> »

Figures 8-11 show an articulation element 30 together with the annular body pieces 31, 32, 33 required for it. The innermost body 31 has notches on the outer periphery::; 35 and 36, which can be connected to notch-shaped notches 37 and 38 of the middle and outer body 32 and 33. Since these bodies are formed of an elastic material, deformation can of course be made by deformation. and a force-locked connection between the individual body pieces.

•

Eyes 40, 41 and 42 are formed on the inner circumference of the body pieces 31, 32 and 33, which act as connecting elements of the articulation elements 30.

*> 87676

In the hinge element 50, as shown in Fig. 12, eyes 51 and 52 are formed on the outer circumference of the body members 55, 56 and 57. Also in this case, the body pieces 55, 56 and 57 have notches 50, 59 and 60 by means of which a force- and shape-locking connection can be made between the body pieces 55, 56 and 57.

It is clear from the above examples that a new type of principle for the manufacture of articulated elements for the provision of space lattice structures or spatial lattice is proposed here. The structural components of this spatial lattice are the basic bodies tetrahedron, hexahedron and octahedron. Thus, 10 connecting pieces can theoretically be connected to the articulation element. The articulation elements consist of three different rings, which can be obtained as cut pieces from three different pipe profiles.

After being screwed together with the rods, the three body pieces (rings) in the articulation element, which are always at right angles to each other, form a space which is similar to a hollow ball in terms of carrying tensile and compressive forces.

The width, thickness and diameter of the carcasses (rings) necessarily depend on each other, but they can in principle be varied. In other words: selecting one of these coil variables determines the • dimensions of the other body (ring).

-V: Buckle-shaped bodies can also be made with a substantially larger ring thickness. In this case, it can be used,. ; radially oriented bearing shells suitable for the inlet openings ... "as connecting elements. and secures the bearing body bodies within them by spreading them.

Claims (13)

1. Spacecraft with knot elements exhibiting connecting elements, consisting of releasably interconnectable annular bodies and whose sheath is formed mainly of ball or polyhedral and with in particular tubular and / or closure connectors (10, 11). ) which are releasably connectable, for example by screw joints, with the connecting elements of the spaced apart knob elements, characterized in that the knot elements (1, 30, 50) each consist of three rectangularly arranged, mutually arranged annular bodies (1). 2, 3, 4; 31, 1, 87676, 32, 33; 55, 56, 57), which define different connection planes with a considerable number of connecting elements (5, 6, 7; 40, 41, 42; 51, 52), of the knot elements having an inner body (4, 31, 57) arranged in a middle body (3, 32, 56), and an outer body (2, 33, 55) in which the middle body (3, 32) , 56) with the inner body (4, 31, 57) is provided , that the inner body (4, 31, 57) is connected to the middle and the outer body (3, 32, 56; 2, 33, 55) on the inside of this, while the middle body (3, 32, 56) stays in communication with the inner body (4, 31, 57) on the outside thereof and stays in communication with the outer body ( 2, 33, 55) on the inside thereof, and from the radial distance of the connecting points of the annular bodies to the connecting pieces extending to the other knot elements, from the center point of the knot element. Space truss according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer and inner contours of the bodies (2, 3, 4) are a multi-angle. Space truss according to claim 2, characterized in that the bodies (2, 3, 4) have an edible outer and inner contour. Spacecraft according to claim 3, characterized in that *: · the outer body (2) is a regular genus, whose. diagonally opposite sides (15, 16) each. ···. are arranged at an inner distance of x (cm), in that the central body (3), in addition to two diagonally opposite sides (18, 19), whose outer key width is x (cm), has essentially the same shape as the outer body (2) and in that the inner body (4), in addition to two diagonally opposite sides (20, 21), whose outer key width is x (cm), has essentially the same shape as the middle body "(3) , wherein these two sides (20, 21) run perpendicularly to the sides (10, 19) of the central body (3), whose surface key size is already x (cm). Space truss according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the connecting elements (5, 6, 7) are formed as radially extending, circumferentially distributed bores at the bodies (2, 3, 4). 6. A truss according to claim 5, characterized in that the bores (5, 6) in the connecting portions of the bodies (2, 3, 4) which are in communication with each other have a center axis of Sainina. Space compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting portions facing each other of the bodies (31, 32, 33; 55, 56, 57.) have recesses (36, 37, 38; 58, 59, 60). ) with complementary form. Space craft according to claim 7, characterized in that the bodies (31, 32, 33; 55, 56, 57) consist of an elastic material. Space craft according to any of claims 1-4 and 7 or 8, characterized in that the connecting elements (40, 41, 42; 51, 52) are designed as loops or ears. Space craft according to claim 9, characterized in that the "eyes or ears (40, 41, 42; 51, 52) have circular bores whose center axes run perpendicular to the connecting planes in which the ears (40, 41, 42; 51) , 52) are located. Space craft according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the eyelets or ears (40, 41, 42) are formed at the inner sides of and between the connecting portions of the bodies (31, 32, 33). Il 87676 Space craft according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the eyelets or ears (51, 52) are formed at the outer sides of the bodies (55, 56, 57). Space compartment according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting elements are formed such as radially aligned and edible bearing sources through entrance openings, that the connecting pieces carry cylindrical bearing bodies which are connected to the connecting piece by means of a connecting piece by means of an after opening opening. the transverse bearings transversely to the annular bodies and are readable therein by recess.