FI83125B - FOERFARANDE FOER BEROERINGSLOES ENERGI- OCH DATAOEVERFOERING VELVET MEKANISKT OCH ELEKTRONISKT KODAT LAOS. - Google Patents

Abstract

A wireless transmission method for power and data transmission, especially for a combined mechanically and electronically coded lock, uses power-supplied main electronics and part electronics with no power supply and with an energy storage circuit. Data and power transmission takes place respectively via coupling elements connected to the main electronics and part electronics. The power and data exchange is controlled by a microcontroller in the main unit in such a way that - power or data are transmitted alternately via the coupling elements, - the transmitted power is matched automatically to the consumption of the part electronics, including the transmission losses, by a variation of the power pulse length, - the starting times of the data sequences in the part electronics are synchronised with the cycles in the main electronics. <IMAGE>

Description

83125

Method for non-contact transfer of energy and data and mechanically and electronically coded lock For the purpose of energy and data transmission as well as mechanical and electronic coding

The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 for the contactless transfer of energy and data, in particular for a combined mechanically-electronically coded lock according to claim 5.

DE-A-31 49 789 has disclosed a device for the inductive identification of information in access control, in particular in an inductive electronic lock and key part. When the key part is introduced into the lock part, the oscillator of the lock part oscillates high frequency, whereby these oscillations are received in the key part and transmitted back to the lock part by a frequency or impulse model serving key recognition, and further processed using the electronics in the lock part. The key part is an energy storage device that stores the energy received through the high frequency oscillation circuit. In this device, energy and data are transmitted simultaneously with the same high-frequency signal.

DE-A-35 00 353 discloses a mechanically and electronically coded key and a lock which operates thereby. This key has a standard mechanical coding as well as an electronic coding on its stage, while the corresponding lock includes a mechanical latch device and an electronic memory and control system with a decoding or reading device and a power source. The lock is provided with a detector which can co-operate with a non-mechanical coding counter-detector in the key for non-contact exchange of energy and data. The detector is located in front of the lock cylinder and the detector is located in front of the key cylinder on the lock cylinder side. A key with a microprocessor, data memory and a short-term energy battery is placed on the key blade, in which case the key code is programmed into the module. The detectors may consist of a high frequency transmitter and a high frequency receiver. When the counter-detector in the key is brought close to the lock cylinder detector, the key oscillation circuit receives a corresponding excitation and thus the energy supply required for data transmission or data comparison between the lock and key electronics. This mechanically and non-mechanically coded key / lock combination is not provided with any energy transfer arrangement with respect to the key electronics and the transmission interval.

DE-A-35 01 482 discloses another device for non-contacting the control and operating current between the lock electronics and the key electronics in an electronic / mechanical lock device. The communication between the key and the lock takes place via a two-way inductive serial connection, in which case both the key and the lock electronics can be equipped with a microcontroller and a switchable PROM. This mechanical / electronic lock is not provided with any adaptation to take into account the actual energy consumption in the key electronics and in the transmission interval, whereby the main electronics consume a considerable amount of energy, which makes battery or accumulator operation impossible. In addition, the data transmission is subject to interference, which in the event of interference results in the lock not being able to be opened.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for contactless transmission of energy and data, in particular in combination with a mechanically / electronically coded lock, which ensures energy transmission and transmission reliability with respect to the coded data even under different transmission conditions and enables low energy consumption.

To solve this problem, the invention is characterized in that energy or data is alternately transmitted via switching elements, and that the transmitted energy is automatically adapted to varying transmission losses depending on the transmission losses of the subelectronics. an acknowledgment signal, and wherein, after receiving the reset acknowledgment signal, energy pulses are transmitted, the length of which depends on the energy consumption.

The method according to the invention enables high transmission reliability even when transmission losses or disturbances occur in the transmission interval. The transferred energy is automatically adjusted according to the power demand of the sub-electronics, taking into account the losses in the transmission interval. This automatic adaptation of the transmitted power to the practically changing conditions of the transmission interval allows adaptation to different doors and fittings of different materials, which have a more or less damping effect on the high-frequency energy, as well as different geometric shapes of doors and fittings. orientation, and thus may interrupt the wireless power supply to the key. Without matching, use would then not be possible or - in the early stages of interruption of use - the code data would be falsified with the consequence that the use of the lock would become impossible. An added benefit is lower power consumption with greater transmission reliability, which allows for battery or accumulator use.

4 83125 After switching on the main electronics, repetitive energy pulses of fixed duration are transmitted until a reset acknowledgment signal is received from the subelectronics, and then, after receiving the reset acknowledgment signal, energy pulses (energy bursts) of a length determined by the actual energy consumption. This makes it possible to obtain the required supply voltage for the subelectronics as quickly as possible with a small amount of energy, thus also ensuring that not too much energy is transferred.

In addition, the transmission reliability is increased by binary coding the data, resulting in a larger interference distance.

A mechanically / electronically coded lock, in particular one using the method according to the invention, is characterized in that the lock cylinder is enclosed within an integral, non-metallic lock interface module of a certain length which is inserted into it.

Such a connection module can be used in connection with an unmodified conventional lock, in which case the connection module is located only on the part of the lock cylinder protruding from the lock housing. The use of a non-metallic material, e.g. zirconium oxide, makes it possible to reduce transmission losses and thus contributes to making the mechanically / electronically coded lock battery-operated. The key detection switch allows the device to be switched off when not in use, which in battery operation further increases the number of times the lock is used for each battery change.

In the preferred embodiment, the key is electronically coded in a serial EEPROMI with an n-pin plug which, after programming and encapsulation, is no longer accessible without damage. Encapsulation of the key electronics and plug makes unauthorized programming of the key impossible. Using the serial code memory allows the pin count of the programming plug to be kept small.

The lock-side coupling element can be arranged insulated from metal objects, e.g. door frames, above the lock cylinder to the connection module. The placement of the coupling element in the non-metallic material of the lock connection module makes it possible to minimize transmission losses, whereby the effect of the metal behind the lock connection is small.

The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the electronics used in the method according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the main electronics,

Figure 3 is a block diagram of the key electronics,

Figure 4 is a time diagram of energy and data transmission operation control,

Fig. 5 is a timing diagram of the initial stage according to Fig. 4, Fig. 6 is a front view of the mechanically / electronically coded lock, Fig. 7 shows the key of the mechanically / electronically coded lock, and Fig. 8 is a side view of the front of the lock cylinder with the keys inserted therein.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the electronics required for the contactless transfer of energy and data. The main electronics 1 are suitably supplied with energy from the power supply unit 3, whereby it can be transferred from the main electronics 1 via the non-contact switching elements 4, 5 to the sub-electronics 2. In addition, data can be transferred in both directions via the same non-contact switching elements 4, 5.

Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the main electronics, including the microcontroller 8 and the associated operating system 6 83125 system and software. The microcontroller 8 controls with a data orientation signal a switch S1, which connects the data transmitted by the subelectronics 2 from the primary switching element 4 to the demo modulator 9, or at another switching station via a modulator 7 for subelectronics 2 and transmission gap losses. A high-frequency switching element is used as the primary switching element 4. The high frequency oscillator 6 supplies the carrier oscillation to the energy and data to the modulator 7 with a power stage.

In the receiving phase, the microcontroller 8 of the main electronics connects the switch S1 to the demodulator 9. The data energy switched from the subelectronics 2 via the primary switching element 4 is converted into a binary signal in the demodulator 9 and then interpreted in the microcontroller 8.

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the sub-electronics 2. The energy supplied periodically from the main electronics via the secondary switching element 5 is rectified in the energy recovery unit 11 and equalized in a capacitor and stored. From this capacitor, the energy supply of the sub-electronics 2 takes place.

The structure of the data / energy control signal unit 12 corresponds to that of the energy battery of the energy recovery unit 11, only the equalization time constant is considerably shorter for the rapid detection of changes in the energy / data signal. The generated control signal informs the operation control 18 the end of the energy phase.

The operation control 18 then starts a data direction switching period or a payload period. The switch S3 controlled by the operation control 18 then enables the implementation of time windows belonging to the phases in which the logic memory 17 is connected, while the data direction controlled by the operation control 18 also determines the data direction.

7 83125

The function of the logic memory 17 is to interpret the read / write signals of the operation control 18 to transfer the data of the corresponding times to or from the data memory 16.

From the quartz controlled or the high frequency oscillator 14 of the subelectronics 2 synchronized by the main electronics 1, the timing of the operation control 18 and the carrier oscillation for the data information going to the main electronics via the modulator 13 are passed through the timer unit 15. The modulator 13 connects the logic memory 17 to the high frequency carrier oscillation when transmitting the logic memory 17 to the main electronics 1.

Figure 4 shows the energy and data transmission transmission policy. After switching off the energy, the operation control 18 starts the switching or data phase. What both have in common is a damping phase. If the main electronics transmit energy in the next switching step, then the sub-electronics (key) switches the data trend for all subsequent data steps and the cycle is terminated. If the main electronics do not transmit energy in the switching phase, then, after the switching phase tu, the payload data phase td is started. In this phase, data is transferred from or to the subelectronics.

In the case of data transmission from the sub-electronics to the main electronics, the signal has a smaller amplitude to keep the energy consumption of the sub-electronics low.

Each cycle ends with an energy refresh phase, in which new energy is imported from the main electronics to compensate for the energy consumed. The lower curve in Figure 4 shows the change in the supply voltage of the subelectronics. Namely, after the energy phase, the supply voltage Vcc decreases continuously at five points until the end of the data transmission, then rises again in the energy refresh phase during the energy pulses.

The length of the energy pulses should be chosen so that the following approximation is realized: β 83125 fce * g * (tkok * - ^ loss ^ part * + fcd 'IDosa ^ where Ig is the effective current of the primary switching element 4, is the total time of the data and energy phase, Ihäv is the transmission current loss current, Iosa is the power consumption of the switch part of the subelectronics that is active throughout the time slot, and IDosa is the power consumption of the switch part of the subelectronics that is active only during the data phase (t <j «data phase duration).

Figure 5 shows the start-up phase after switching on the main electronics. This starts with the transfer of energy pulses with a fixed duration Ter. There is always a time window Tr between the energy pulses, in which case the main electronics wait for a reset reset of the partial electronics of the switching location. If the subelectronics does not send a reset, the transmission of the energy pulse of duration Ter follows again until the subelectronics sends a reset. The subelectronics gives a reset when the supply voltage has reached a value sufficient for normal use. The microcontroller 8 then calculates the required energy pulse time te.

During the transmission of constant-length energy pulses (Ter), the supply voltage of the subelectronics continuously increases so that it decreases insignificantly in the time windows in between. When the required voltage level has been reached in the subelectronics, a reset acknowledgment signal is applied to the energy pulses calculated by the microcontroller, which are almost steplessly adapted to the energy demand of the subelectronics and the efficiency of the non-contact connection. The degree of influence then depends, for example, on the goodness of the oscillation circuit, the eddy current losses in the metal and / or the transmission distance. The proposed coupling achieves a large interference distance for the transmitted signals because the binary coded data is represented by either an existing h 9 83125 energy signal (HIGH) or a missing energy signal (LOW). The interference distance and reliability are further improved by the fact that the adaptation of the energy pulse length to the changing transmission conditions takes place at the beginning of the locking procedure. The transfer conditions can in practice vary within wide limits, depending on e.g. misalignment between the coupling elements, air gaps of different magnitudes between the coupling elements and fouling between the coupling elements, and due to different materials and geometries in the lock, door and fittings.

The connection enables two-way transmission of information without substantially increasing the cost of the connection. The quartz timer controlled microcontroller 8 allows the transmission to be controlled and synchronized with the energy phase after each transmission. Thus, in practice, there are hardly any synchronization problems. Finally, only one switching element is required for energy and data transmission at a time.

Figures 6 to 8 show an embodiment of a combined mechanically-electronically coded lock with a lock cylinder 10 connected to the main electronics and a mechanically coded key 23 with a sub-electronics 2 located on the key blade 24. The lock cylinder 10 is surrounded by a non-metallic lock interface module 20 is pushed onto the lock cylinder for a portion of its length. The lock connection module 20 is located only on the part of the lock cylinder projecting from the lock housing and thus allows installation in an unmodified, conventional lock. The lock connection module is one-piece and has a key detection switch 21 arranged thereon, an electrically controlled latch mechanism 22 positioned laterally with respect to the lock connection module 20, and a lock-side primary coupling element 4 close to the lock cylinder 10 of the lock connection module 20. The lock-side coupling element 4 831 25 consists of a coil with a ferrite core parallel to the key insertion part, the coupling element being arranged above the lock cylinder. The function of the ferrite cores of the coils is to focus the field.

The lock-side coupling element 4 is on the one hand isolated from a possible metal frame and on the other hand placed as close as possible to the secondary key-side coupling element 5 in the key blade 24.

Transmission losses are minimized by the optimal placement of the electronic coupling elements 4, 5 and by the use of non-metallic materials.

The mechanical key detection switch allows the device to be switched off when not in use, which in battery operation further increases the number of uses for each battery. The structure of the lock connection module 20 adapted to the shape of the lock cylinder 10 eliminates the need for complicated installation of the lock connection module. The lock connection module 20 is fixed with only one screw.

The platform 24 of the mechanically coded key 23 has an operation control 18, a logic memory 17 and a serial EEPROM 25. This includes a data memory 16 and can be programmed via an n-pin plug 26 by electronic coding.

The use of a serial EEPROM 25 allows the pin count of the programming plug 26 to be kept small.

The secondary coupling element 5 is likewise formed by a coil surrounding a ferrite core which, when the key 23 is inserted, is coaxial with the ferrite core of the primary coupling element 4, leaving a narrow air gap between the coupling elements 4 and 5 in the inserted position 23.

After the serial EEPROM has been programmed via the n-pin plug 26, the sub-electronics 2 contained in the key blade are encapsulated together with the other components so that the blade can no longer be opened without breaking it.

This makes unauthorized key programming impossible.

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Claims (5)

1. Method for contactless energy and data transmission, especially for a combined mechanical / electronically coded light, between mains main electronics (1) and energy accumulator (11) provided with non-current sub-electronics (2) via switching elements (4, 5) ) connected to the main (1) and the sub-electronics (2), characterized in that alternating energy or data is transmitted via the switching elements (4, 5) and that the transmitted energy is automatically adjusted by varying the length of the energy impulse. to the energy consumption of the sub-electronics (2), which is dependent on the varying transmission losses, in which, after pointing the main electronics (1), repeated energy pulses of a fixed time period are transmitted until the sub-electronics (2) gives a reset acknowledgment signal. whereby upon receipt of a reset acknowledgment signal, energy pulses are transmitted whose input input depends on the energy consumption. 2. A method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the data flow direction of the subelectronics (2) is determined in the main electronics (1), and that the data transmission is bidirectional, the start time of the data sequences in the subelectronics (2) being synchronized with the functions in the main electronics (1). 3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the data is encoded using the ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying) method. 4. Mechanically and electronically coded reads, to which are included an IS cylinder (10), a main electronics (1) and a key with both mechanical (23) as well as an electronic coding, which is programmed in a sub-electronics (24) located in the key blade (24). 2), whereby the data and energy transfers are made contactless via coupling elements (4, 5) which are arranged one side of the IS cylinder (10) against the key vSunda front surface and on the other side of the key so that the coupling elements (4, 5) with respect to each other when the key Sr is inserted, especially for the application of the method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the reading cylinder (10) is enclosed by a sliding integral, non-metallic reading connection module (20) over it. a dedicated set, to which the module includes a key-detecting coupling (21), an electronically controllable reading mechanism (22) and a switching element (4) for the reading. 5. LSs according to claim 4, characterized in that the electronic coding of the key (23) takes place in an electronic serial memory (25) via an n-pole socket, which after programming and encapsulation is no longer accessible for destruction.