FI73625C - ANORDINATION OVER FOERFARANDE FOER MIKROKRAEPPNING AV EN BANA. - Google Patents

Description

1 73625

Apparatus and method for microcreping a web

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to the longitudinal compression treatment of flexible web materials, and the web material may be a knitted or woven fabric, paper, plastic film or so-called a non-woven material which is a web material made of a natural or artificial material, e.g. by air or wet towing of fibers.

Background of the invention

For many years, the laboratory from which this invention originates has developed a web compression treatment in which longitudinal compressive forces are applied to a flexible web material. This work has produced a number of inventions, e.g. pressing device, U.S. Patents 2,765,513 and 2,765,514, microcreping device with blade section, U.S. Patents 3,260,778 and 3,426,405, microcrapping device without blade section, U.S. Patents 3,810,280, 3,869,768 and 3,975,806, 20 and a two-roll microcreping device , U.S. Patent 4,142,278. In most of these inventions, the untreated web is drawn longitudinally using a low friction surface on which the web is pressed against a rotating draw roll, and then deceleration forces are then applied to the moving web a short distance from the draw point. The opposite effect of tensile and deceleration forces causes the desired physical changes in the web material, e.g., increases its fluff, thickness, and flexibility because the material is limited in surface.

In the case of a fabric material or fabric-like material, the web can be compressed longitudinally in its own plane without creasing or wrinkling the web, only the fine individual fibers in it forming the fabric Fibers or yarns are crimped (microcreping of the fibers).

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In the case of solid thin films, such as paper and plastic films, the longitudinal compression treatment can create barely perceptible undulating irregularities in the web as a whole (web micro-creping), so that the overall appearance of the web surfaces is smooth and there are no coarse surface wrinkles. However, if coarse wrinkles are desired, this is accomplished by appropriately enlarging the treatment cavity.

In many cases, the properties obtained by the longitudinal treatment 10 are retained in the web even after the longitudinal compression of the web is partially or even completely removed by stretching.

In special applications, the treatment can increase the softness or wettability of the web, improve its opacity and inaudibility, make the surface quality of the web more beautiful, make the web non-shrink, give a decorative effect to the web, or usefully bond the web components together. The paper webs can be made flexible and their tear resistance can be increased.

The device and process, which have proven to be the most promising for many materials, use a combination of an angle retarder and an elastic retarder disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,260,778, which has now lapsed. The web 25 is pressed by a stationary surface (primary surface) against the drawing roll to form a drawing area, a fixed surface after the drawing area placed at a considerable angle to the roll surface (angle retarder surface) deflects a substantially large angle of the incoming web from the roll direction, and , a flexible and adaptive surface (elastic retarder surface) limits the surface of the web as it travels from the angle of the roll surface to the angle of the angular retarder. By using such a single roll structure, a very small processing cavity can be formed, which allows the handling of very thin webs and the application of high pressures over short distances.

3 73625 This combination of angular retarder and flexible retarder seeks to strike a balance between conflicting requirements. The considerably large angle of the angle retarder makes it possible to apply an effective longitudinal compressive force to the web. While the resilient retarder limits the surface of the web as required as its angle changes as the web progresses, it also bends to prevent the treated web from stopping and to exert excessive pressure to prevent the web from pitting under the leading edge of the angular retarder blade.

In commercial devices constructed in accordance with U.S. Pat. , 15 mm).

A newer device that applies this principle and further seeks to prevent nipples from soaking into the web below the edge of the retarder blade is disclosed in U.S. Patent 20,090,385. This device has grooves with separate mating fingers at the front edge of the retarder that are fitted into the grooves below the roll base price. . In this solution, the treatment method may vary in the width direction of the roll because the tensile conditions are different in the grooved and non-grooved areas of the roll.

Longitudinal blasting treatment of webs has been successful with a combination of angular retarder and idle retarder in some commercial applications, although often limited to low speeds or a limited selection of starting materials and products, the user has often required considerable skill to cope with changing production conditions.

A large number of cases have remained, especially in the field of thin webs, where a commercial grade of 35 has not been reached at the start of processing or during driving due to difficulties in adjusting to the required changes in production conditions.

Examples of changing production conditions which may affect opposing operating and deceleration forces in longitudinal compression treatment and cause difficulties in initial starting or continuous running include: changes in adhesion properties between the drive roll and web, e.g. due to wear on the drive roll surface or presence of foreign matter; a variation in the pressure of the web pressing-10 against the drawing roll due to variation in the thickness of the untreated web or due to variations in the forces exerting weights on the limiting surface and web against the drawing roll, or changes in the supply stress applied to the untreated web as it is processed; a change in the stiffness or softness of the untreated web, which may be due to a change in the moisture content or temperature of the original untreated web; changing the height of the deceleration channel through which the web passes; 20 changes in other retarder characteristics, e.g. due to changes in dimensions or speed; changes in the retardation susceptibility of the web, e.g. due to a change in the friction properties of the web to be treated; and so on.

In production, it has also been necessary to maintain the trend of the 25 angle retarders accurately. This trend may be difficult to maintain and in some applications a change in the dimensions of the treatment cavity due to a slight skew orientation may result in an unauthorized uneven product. For this reason, the combination of an angle retarder and an elastic-30 retarder has been considered to require a sturdy and expensive suspension, but problems may still occur.

In addition, when using a combination of angular retarder and flexible retarder for production, it has been important that the flexible retarder be properly selected and maintained to accommodate and apply the correct elastic pressure to the retarder. When the resilient retarder applies too little pressure, which can occur due to incorrect selection of its thickness or due to wear, the desired fine microcreping effect is not achieved. By changing the elastic retarder only slightly, a situation will soon be reached where too much pressure will cause pimples and tears by forcing the material under the leading edge of the angular retarder. The wrong orientation can apply uneven pressure to the web, resulting in an unevenly treated product. Perhaps most detrimental is that the deflection of the resilient retarder (e.g., repeated bending during adjustment or operation, or severe distortion due to incorrect adjustment) can permanently distort the resilient retarder, causing permanent deformation, reducing pressure and flexibility, and interrupting or terminating processing altogether.

As production conditions change with the use of an angle retarder and an elastic retarder, the material handling point below the low-friction primary surface tends to move forward or backward and affect the quality of the treatment. This requires adjusting the primary surface backwards or forwards.

It has been the job of the user of the device to take into account all production conditions when setting the 25 initial driving settings of the treatment and during operation to monitor changes in conditions as they occur and to seek to influence these changes with compensatory adjustments. In practice, more than one variable production parameter can change simultaneously, leading to complex behavior of the device which the user of the machine must strive to compensate.

In commercially available microcreping applications, uniformity of handling is often an important prerequisite, and failure to adjust in a timely manner may damage the product. As an example, in the manufacture of disposable medical products, such as wound dressings, a large number of microcreps and fabric layers can be stacked on top of each other so that several pieces can be cut at the same time. If the layers are not uniform and therefore do not rest evenly, the cut will become uneven and the product will be deformed.

Likewise, the kraft paper used to separate the stacked steel plates must be uniform so that the steel plate stack can be held evenly on the pallet.

In the second case, the softening of a cellulosic carriage with an initial thickness of 10 0.025 mm requires the use of very high processing speeds, which can result in considerable heat generation which the combination of angular retarder and elastic retarder or the web to be treated cannot withstand.

It is an important object of the present invention to provide new methods for longitudinal compression treatment of webs, which methods have the advantages of a single roll and blade structure but which reduce or eliminate various critical features of the treatment. Another object is to make it possible to produce uniform, high-quality processed web products from very different and thick materials, and in particular from very thin webs.

One object is to provide a method in which relatively heavy, long-lasting components can be used which last for a long time even at high speeds. One goal is to provide a device with a simpler structure. Other objects of the invention are to increase production and energy efficiency ratios and to develop new special processing methods for web materials. It is a particular object of the invention to provide an improved method of making a web non-shrink, for example thick diagonal binding fabrics such as cotton denim.

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a single-roll device with a blade part (and methods for using it) for micro-creping a running web by applying compression retardation forces thereto, which device (a) is arranged to handle the web under tangential compression forces and in which (b) flexible automatic adjustment of the nozzle is obtained by using a plate-like blade portion 10 in the direction of the roll, which is pressed spring-like towards the traction nip parallel to the notch portion, to form a single web contact surface.

In preferred embodiments: the web contact surface forming the second side of the nozzle is a protruding extension associated with the primary nip; its second web contact surface 15 is preferably able to flex to a limited extent, depending on the processing conditions, in a curved shape opposite to the roll surface, the radius of curvature of which is of the order of the roll radius; the first web contact surface can be moved parallel to its original plane to gradually change the shape of the roll 20, i.e. it is moved towards or away from the draw nip to change the size of the cavity, and by turning it slightly in its plane the surface leading edge orientation with respect to the roll surface can be slightly changed; the angle between the axis of the nozzle and the tangent to the last draw-25 point of the roll is less than 20 °; and the height of the treatment cavity gradually increases in the direction of travel of the web due to the gradually diverging curved shapes of the roll and the upper surface.

The above method and apparatus have 30 different advantages, which will be described below in connection with the description of the operation.

In particular, the tangential compression described below applies an extrusion force to the web so as to avoid the problems encountered in other types of processing due to the design 35. Due to its tangential compression shape and forces, the lower web contact surface can be displaced in its plane, allowing the shape of the processing cavity to be automatically adjusted, reducing the risk of lumps or inappropriate handling forces, or reducing the criticality of adjusting this part.

The exact limit of the compression channel variation from the direction of the tangent depends on the combination of active variables and the desired result. In some cases, an angle of 20 ° may be allowed and still achieve the desired results of the invention. When using a primary section of 0.25 mm thick blue steel or stiffer, it is generally desirable that the angle does not exceed 20 °.

These and other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, as well as the drawings and claims.

Figure 1 is a schematic, greatly enlarged side sectional view of a treatment cavity of a device constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figures 1a and 1b are views corresponding to Figure 1 of other embodiments of the treatment cavity according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a side view of the device of Figure 1 in partial section.

Fig. 2a is a sectional view taken along line 2a-2u in Fig. 3.

Figure 3 is a top view of the device of Figure 1 taken along line 3-3 in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a top view of another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a view corresponding to Fig. 4 on a smaller scale.

Structure

1-3, the roller 10 is mounted rotatably and 35, it is rotated in the direction of arrow A by a conventional drive mechanism, such as a motor using a chain or belt 9 73625. Directly above the roll 10 is a clamping member 20 mounted by a vertically movable slide piece 16 projecting from the slider. The vertical movement of the support member support structure is controlled by 5 pressure cylinders (not shown). The pressing member 20 is arranged on the slider 16 at a certain angle with respect to the horizontal so that the edge 18 of the protruding part of the member 20 presses against the surface of the roll 10.

The primary portion 14 comprises a spring steel plate 10 extending forwardly from its mounting bracket 22. The primary portion 14 extends over the roll 10 and is pressed toward the roll by the edge 18 of the pressing member 20 to form a nip zone (narrowest point between the primary portion 14 and the roll 10). The primary portion 14 extends downstream of the nip zone and some distance over the upstream edge of the blade portion 24 (which is resiliently compressed in its plane toward the nip zone by air cylinders as described below). The primary portion 14 is only able to flex to a limited extent because it is thicker and relatively rigid compared to the elastic retarders used in the angular retarder devices described above in describing the background of the invention. The primary part is preferably made of blue steel at least 0.25 mm thick and has a smooth surface in the nip zone. In the illustrated embodiment, the diameter of the roll is 30.5 cm.

A compression nozzle is formed downstream of the nip zone, which on the upper surface of the web consists of an extension of the lower surface 28 of the primary part 14 and on the lower surface of the web 12 the surface 16 of the blade part 24 contacting the web.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the pressure of the pressing member 20 on the primary portion 14 and the effect of the lower surface of the downstream portion of the primary portion on the compressed web filling the cavity below it and applying pressure upwardly can cause the downstream portion of the primary portion to 10 7 3 6 2 5 slightly and thus move away from the surface of the roll 10. In particular, this point 14 of the primary part can be curved immediately after the nip point so that its radius is of the order of the radius of the roll 10.

As best seen in Figures 2 and 3, the portion 24 is a planar and blade-like portion supported on each side by vertical plates 34 having a front adjustment slot 36 and a rear adjustment slot 38 through which locking bolts 41 are inserted.

At each end of the downstream edge of the blade portion 24 there is a lug 32 attached to the piston 42 of the air cylinder 30. By supplying compressed air to these cylinders 30, the blade portion 24 is resiliently protruded to its left in Figure 2 relative to its carrier 34. The application of the elastic pressure in the plane direction of the blade part is shown schematically in Fig. 1 by an arrow and a spring S.

The orientation of the compression nozzle is influenced by the angle of the front surface 26 of the upper surface of the blade portion 24 (measured with respect to the tangent of the roll at P, which is the last traction point of the nip between the roll 10 and the blade portion 14).

By moving the pivot support plates 34 (Fig. 1a) or chamfering the end of the blade part 24 (Fig. 1b), the angle between the surface 26 and the tangent drawn at the point P of the roll 10 can be varied. By limiting this angle, the axis X of the nozzle can be kept approximately parallel to the tangent of the roll and in line with the path of travel of the web drawn by the roll. In particular, the angle b is generally between 0-15 ° and 20 ° is an upper limit that can be used to achieve the best result in a wide variety of cases.

In addition, the shape of the treatment cavity between the nip and the compression nozzle can be changed by air cylinders 30 which resiliently push the blade portion towards the nip zone. Thus, during start-up, before the compressed strip of material is formed, the tip of the blade portion 35 moves forward from its driving position under the primary and then as the strip is formed and the pressure in the handling shaft 73625 increases, it automatically reacts by moving backwards until it is in a stable, resilient driving position. , which is determined by the thickness and nature of the material to be treated and the air pressure 5 supplied to the air cylinders 30.

Figure 1a shows a design that can very effectively shrink cotton denim in a dry state in the temperature range of 150-175 ° C.

Although the compression treatment in this case takes place in the cavity preceding the 10 tangential compression nozzles TEO, this effect is enhanced by the additional friction provided by the part 50. This spring steel part is supported between the primary part and the upper part 15. It has a protruding portion 50E located above the outgoing fabric 15 and has a plasma coated tread of tungsten carbide with a roughness of the order of 300-350 rms.

This part makes the surface of the fabric soft, "strong", and also makes the fabric pass smoothly through the device despite the high compressive forces.

Figure 1b shows a construction with which a 0.025 mm paper scrap can be made by dry treatment of an almost porous, flexible and highly stretchable material, which still retains its strength.

In this solution, the pressing member 14 extends 5.1 mm from the weight line of the pressing angle 18 (L), the angle b of the surface 26 of the blade part 24 is adjusted between 12-15 ° and the penetration U of the blade part tip under the primary part under driving conditions is of the order of 1.27 mm. As can be seen, the TEO axis X of the tangential compression mouth-30 plate is substantially parallel to the tangent of the traction roll.

The various adaptations of the extension of the primary part, which are achieved, for example, by perforating, grooving or thinning the end part and grinding the angle into a rough, not only improve the function, but make it possible to use even thicker primary parts, e.g. 5.1 mm thick.

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Device operation

As the web 12 moves with the surface of the roll 10, it enters the nip gate between the surface of the roll and the pressing member 20 acting through the primary part 14. This nip applies to the tensile force indicated by the arrow D, which is parallel to the Tangent of the roll at a point P, which is the last point at which the web is forcibly pulled forward. Downstream of the nip, the web enters a compression nozzle formed by an extension of the lower surface 28 of the primary portion 14 and the initial portion of the upper surface 26 of the blade portion 24 (which is resiliently pressed into place by the air cylinders 30). The web is then subjected to a compressive counter-force, indicated by the arrow R, which acts somewhat directly against the traction force D due to the orientation of the axis X of the compression nozzle.

It should be noted that Fig. 1 is considerably enlarged so that the block of the primary part 14 shown in Fig. 1 is very short and the force of the pressing member 20 presses the protruding part of the part 14 downwards towards the front of the pallet 24. Since the blade 24 is rigid in a direction perpendicular to its plane, it is possible to achieve a force R of the desired magnitude (which is adjusted by the pressure of the air supplied to the air cylinders 30).

Due to the resistance encountered by the web in this case, the web is squeezed out of the nozzle at a considerably slower speed than it travels in the nip zone. The retarded strip of material 25 then fills the compression channel and resists the propagation of the material pulled forward by the nip. Since the web is delimited in its surfaces in this area (by the roll 10 and the primary part 14), a longitudinal compression treatment takes place immediately after the point P and the spring-30 of the blade part ensures the uniformity of the treatment.

Numerous advantages are achieved by performing the web compression treatment as described.

First, since the basic direction of travel of the web does not need to vary significantly, the magnitude of the shear force (which can cause uneven handling in the thickness direction of the web) can be very small. The deceleration is achieved by acting on the web symmetrically and not by a sharp deflection in the direction of travel of the web.

Second, this solution does not require a very flexible member to delimit the strip, and instead all steel-5 plates that contact the web in the compression treatment area can be thick enough to ensure durability and longevity. (The primary portion 14 is considerably stiffer and thicker than the resilient retarder in a conventional microcrapping device because the resilient retarder must bend relatively to the blade angle 10). As a result: the wear of the part 14 and the breakdown of the system are reduced, and the need for adjustment due to such wear or permanent flexibility is reduced or can be avoided altogether.

Thirdly, with respect to the first and second advantages, it is now possible to carry out the treatment with little adjustment skill and to monitor the use; in fact, it is possible to vary the webs with very different i properties with little or no change in the adjustment of the device.

Fourth, due to the somewhat flat shape 20 of the primary part 14, it is easy to provide a coolant bath on its upper surface and to bring coolant to cool the part 14, as shown in Fig. 1, and thus allow high speed operation.

Fifth, since the plane of the platform 24 is located approximately 25 parallel to the direction of pull, numerous advantages are achieved in terms of simplicity of construction and adjustment. Since the blade 24 is well affected by the force component of the i-yoke in a direction perpendicular to its plane, the blade can move relatively freely in its plane in two ways. In the first type of movement 30, the transverse leading edge of the surface 26 of the blade 24 may remain approximately perpendicular to the direction of travel of the web as the blade moves closer to or farther from the nip zone substantially in its own plane. The movement closer shortens the processing cavity and narrows the compression channel slowly 35 and in a controlled manner. The thinner the web and the finer the crepes desired, the shorter the treatment cavity should be 14 7 3 6 2 5 and generally the greater the elastic pressure should be applied. To adjust the position of the blade part, the air in each cylinder 30 is adjusted without pressure. A small movement of this type can take place automatically during use due to changes in the suspension flexibility of the blade part 5 or changes in the speed of the traction roll.

In the second type of movement of the pallet 1'4, again in the plane of the pallet, a slight turning or automatic orientation of the leading edge transverse to the direction of travel of the web takes place. This movement makes precise adjustment unnecessary and may also be desirable to accommodate variations in web thickness in the width direction of the web. If, for example, an exceptionally thick point enters the treatment cavity on one side of the web, the force 15 applied to this side of the pallet, which is acted upon by one of the cylinders 30, pushes the side of the pallet 24 slightly backwards relative to its opposite side. This movement is obtained automatically due to the relatively low load on the cylinders 30, which allows them to respond to relatively small forces 20 due to variations in the web. The relatively small load of the surface 26 in a direction perpendicular to its plane is achieved by its somewhat tangential orientation.

By combining some of the advantages of the invention over the best known microcreping devices, the present invention can: eliminate the main reciprocating adjustment to find the best fit of the plate-like parts over the compression beam, use thicker, longer lasting parts that withstand high operating speeds , to avoid expensive grinding of the primary part to provide precise steps in the cavity, to provide a system with the same physical effect despite variations in web process conditions such as temperature, moisture content and formability, so that these variables can be adjusted and optimized without other than adjusting the position of the blade section according to the fineness or roughness of the desired treatment.

Figures 4-5 show another embodiment of the invention, in which the bottom of the compression channel is formed by a part 124, the upstream side of which is formed by fingers 98 (only three shown). The fingertips are sized to fit into the grooves in the roll 10 'and provide a smooth transition from the roll surface to the lower die forming surface 126. The finger 98s are narrower than the grooves 99 to rotate the portion 124 as described above and avoid grooves and fingers. 98 Touch between pages. The grooves 99 are deep enough to leave a clearance between the bases 97 of the grooves 15 and the fingers 97.

The fingers are thus not in abrasive contact with the traction roller and the flat sides of the fingers remain flat, thus avoiding pinching of the web.

In other respects, the operation and structure of the device 20 shown in Figures 4-5 is similar to that of the device of Figures 1-3, and the same reference numerals are used in both sets of figures.

In a preferred embodiment, the surfaces forming the compression nozzle are polished and this is useful e.g. when the operating speeds are high and the required deceleration forces are small.

In other cases, one or both surfaces may be treated in a special manner to achieve the desired effects. If, for example, a higher friction or fluffing effect is desired, the metal surface can be plasma coated with small tungsten carbide particles to provide relatively high friction and durable surfaces.

In other embodiments, a special shaping of the surface or adjustment strips of the components of the device can be used, e.g. grooves, torn ribs, etc. to produce corrugations and other desired aesthetic and functional effects. These are well described in the applicant's previous patents, referred to above in the introduction.

Claims (16)

A machine crawling machine of a running length of a female (12), comprising a driven roller (10), a stationary primary process surface (14) for pressing the web against the surface of the roller for driving the web forwardly in a drive nip, and first and second substantially stationary downstream bank contacting surfaces (26,28) on the sides of the web corresponding to the respective roller and the primary surface, which are suitable to provide an extrusion retardant effect on the oncoming web, the driving and braking the web is suitable for causing a longitudinal compressive treatment thereof in a cavity which lies in the region of the web transition from the roller to the downstream surfaces, characterized in that the machine is suitable for processing the web (12). ) in response to braking forces generated by tangential extrusion, and that the first and second bank contacting surfaces (26, 28) define an extrusion nozzle whose shaft (X) extends substantially parallel to the key to the roll (10) at the final point (P) of positive belt tearing, the extrusion resistance force R provided by said nozzle serving to maintain a substantially straight braked column of treated web material, which column resist the forward movement of materials driven by the roller to cause compressive treatment of the web. A machine for microcrapping a running web length (12), comprising a driven roller (10), a stationary primary pressing surface (14) for pressing the web against the surface of the web for driving the web forward in a driving nip, and first and second substantially stationary downstream bank contacting surfaces (26,28) on the sides of the web corresponding to the respective roll and the primary surface and which are suitable for defining an extrusion nozzle to provide an extrusion retardant effect on the arriving web, The driving and braking of the web is suitable for causing a longitudinal copressive treatment thereof in a cavity which lies in the region of the web transition from the roller to the downstream surfaces, characterized in that the first the bank contacting surface (26) is defined by a substantially disc-shaped blade portion (28) extending substantially parallel to the tang of the roller (10) at the final point ( P) for positive web driving, wherein the disc part is resiliently forced against the drive nip 10 by a force (5) which acts substantially parallel to the key of the drum in a manner which allows for resilient self-adjusting movement of the disc part in its ego piano which responds to the operating conditions of the machine. 3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second bank contacting surface (28), which defines the adjacent nozzle, is provided with a free-carrying integral extension of the primary pressing surface. 4. Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the primary part (14) comprises a spring beam disc part having an thickness of at least 0.25 mm. 5. A machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the part defining the second bank contacting surface (28) causes bending to a limited degree during the treatment conditions in the direction opposite to the rolling surface, whereby the bending can occur. a radius of the same order of magnitude as the radius of the roller. 6. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first bank contacting surface (26) lies in a tab which is substantially parallel to the key of the roller (10). 7. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a substantially disk-shaped blade part (24), which lies substantially parallel to said key of the roller (10), forms the first bank contacting surface (26), the disk part resiliently are forced against the drive nip by forces (5) which act mainly in the direction of the plane of the disc-shaped part. 8. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the provided bank contacting surface (26) can be moved while remaining parallel to its surface. original plan for gradually varying the geometry of the treatment cavity. 9. Machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the movement of the first bank contacting surface (26) is suitable to slightly change the direction of its upstream edge with respect to the rolling surface. 10. Machine according to claim 9, characterized in that the first bank contacting surface (26) is mounted so that it can pivot in the plane parallel to said surface to enable its upstream edge to be adjusted with respect to the alignment. 11. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the axis 20 (X) of the extrusion nozzle and the key of the roller (10) in said final positive driving point is less than 20 °. 12. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the first bank contacting surface (26) lies in a plane parallel to the extension of the disc-shaped part (24). Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the first bank contacting surface (26) lies at an angle to the extent of the disc-shaped part (24). Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height of the treatment cavity gradually increases in the direction of the web movement as a result of gradual divergent bending of both the roller (10) and the overlying surface (28). 24 7 3 6 2 5 HL A method of microcrapping a continuous web length (12), wherein the web is pressed between the surface of a driven roller (10) and a stationary, primary pressing surface (14) for driving the web forward in a drive nip, and an extrusion tear The resultant effect is produced on the arriving web, mainly stationary web contacting surfaces (26, 28) on the sides of the web, which correspond to the respective rolling surface and the primary surface, the driving and braking sand of the web causing longitudinal compressive treatment thereof in the region. for the transition of the web from the roller to the downstream surface, characterized in that the web is treated by tangential extrusion between bank contacting surfaces, comprising first and second major ligon stationary surfaces (26,28) defining an extrusion nozzle, the axis of which is substantially parallel to the key of the roller (10) in the final point (P) of positive belt tearing, to maintain a substantially straight, braked column of treated material, which a column prevents the forward movement of materials propelled by the roller. 20 A method of microcrapping a running web length (12), wherein the web is pressed between the surface of a driven roller (10) and a stationary, primary pressing surface (14) for driving the web forward in drive nip, and an extrusion retarding device. The effect on the arriving web is achieved by utilizing first and second substantially stationary web contacting surfaces (26, 28) on the sides of the web, corresponding to the respective rolling surface and the primary surface, the driving and braking of the web causing longitudinal compressive treatment. of the same in a cavity in the transition region of the web from the roller to the downstream surfaces, characterized in that the extrusion retardant effect is maintained resiliently by a disc-shaped member (24) which is substantially parallel to the roller, for forming of the first bank contacting surface (26), and that the disc-shaped member resiliently is forced against the drive nip by a force (5) which acts substantially parallel]