FI66045B - BRUK AV SKIVKONSTRUKTION - Google Patents

Description

6104 5

Use of plate structure Bruk av skivkonstruktion

The invention relates to the use of a plate structure, which plate structure comprises a mold plate and a filler such as a casting component.

The object of the invention is to provide a new subfloor solution for use in construction, the components of which act as a casting mold and, when certain materials are used as reinforcement, to form an air duct under the floor of the house as a whole forming the subfloor or similar of the building. the penetration of room radon gas, etc., from the soil and which ventilates the moisture in the landfill.

This invention relates to the composite structure disclosed in Applicant's Finnish Patent Publication No. 54006, but this new invention 15 does not limit the adhesive projection between the reinforcing sheet and the cast component to include only the solution disclosed in said patent, but includes all the adhesive projection solutions sufficient infection to produce a federal structure-20 sex. The present invention also deviates from the scope of the patent publication in that it is not necessary to provide a gripping mechanism on the plate, in which case the plate surfaces can be smooth.

The following materials, listed from bottom to top, have become common when laying the floor of the building on top of the filling, in which case the floor covering is not mentioned.

- concrete + insulation + concrete - gravel + insulation + concrete 30 - concrete + insulation + corrugation - concrete + insulation + slab - Lightweight gravel + concrete ____________ - · T “2 66045 What all these solutions have in common is that they pass through the soil. radon gas. This fact has been proven in the measurements carried out by the Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority.

5 The present invention is made topical by e.g. the fact that the municipality of Askola

The formula for Lakeakallio will not be confirmed unless the Ministry of the Interior can be provided with the technical solutions that can be used to eliminate the health risks caused by radon. This same situation also occurs in other municipalities where radioactive 10 soils have been identified. Already in 1983, small and terraced houses should take into account the problems caused by radon, in which case a minimum radon concentration has been set for dwellings.

The topicality of the invention and the practical need are also emphasized by the fact that 15 In the Engineering News on 21 January 1983, Gunnar Bengtsson, Director General of the Swedish Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, writes that the radon problem in Sweden is greater than imagined. The same article states that in Sweden it was first thought that the so-called blue aerated concrete was the largest source of radiation, but recent studies have shown that radon gas, which differs from soil-20, is even more significant.

The invention is mainly characterized in that the slab structure is used in underground subsoil structures to collect and ventilate radon gas and possibly moisture or the like emitted from the soil and thus to prevent said gases from entering the room, in which form plate recesses together with said sub-base collection and ventilation.

In this connection, it should be emphasized that the invention is in no way limited to the use of concrete, but that gypsum, aerated concrete such as siporex, aerated concrete, sand, gravel and the like can be used as a cast component instead of concrete. or equivalent.

It should be emphasized that the scope of the invention includes solutions in which steel sheet or similar metal sheet, plastic sheet, concrete sheet, cement board, such as mineral board, wood board, bitumen-treated board, paraffin board, cardboard are used as the form board. or a combination thereof, as long as a groove, corrugation or the like is provided in the form plate, which forms an air duct system in the plate structure.

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It is essential in the invention that an air duct system is created in the plate structure, whereby radon gas or the like originating from the soil can be collected and ventilated out. A significant advantage of the plate structure according to the invention is also that the moisture below the bottom can also be ventilated out. When using conventional subfloor solutions, it has generally been uncertain how subfloor compaction should be performed as room water vapor reaches the soil and soil moisture tends to the room.

Preferred are e.g. embodiments of the invention in which the form plate is perforated or the form plate is permeable to air. In this case, it is not necessary to arrange a dense layer under the floor covering, which prevents the moisture of the room from penetrating into the subfloor structure. When the molding plate has holes or the plate itself is made of an air-permeable material, this dense layer can be omitted because water vapor can penetrate through the molding plate. Such a lower floor solution can be compared in terms of its function to a log wall which "breathes" over its entire surface area. The internal moisture barrier can be omitted, but at least its use does not degrade the structure.

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Although the form plate is permeable to air, radon gas cannot penetrate through the plate because the plate structure includes a vacuum air duct system, allowing the gas to escape using the easiest path. It is preferable to place the perforation or air-permeable part in the form plate in such a place that the concrete or similar material closes the holes, whereby a barrier to radon gas is formed. Since the concrete or similar material is permeable to water vapor, the water vapor escaping from the room spaces passes through the slab structure.

If there are no holes in the plate or the plate is not permeable to air, such a structure can be compared to a wall structure in which the inner surface of the wall has a tight film (plastic film) and the outer surface also has a tight film. If the internal sealing work has not been carried out with sufficient care, the wall will "acidify" because the water vapor penetrating through the wall structure cannot escape, but will stop in the sealing membrane, turn into water and be absorbed into the wall structures. For this reason, there is a solution where the form plate permits air from these two options to be more reliable and more reliable.

In the following, the construction and operation of the lower base will be described by means of an embodiment of the invention. To illustrate the description, the form plate is hereinafter referred to as a "corrugated plate". Concrete or similar material 10 is poured on site. The description relates to an embodiment of the invention in which holes are made in the "corrugated plate", i.e. the "corrugated plate" is air permeable.

A trench with a width of about 600 mm and a depth of about 300 mm is made in the vibrated and leveled filling soil, for example at the ridge of the house, 15 "corrugated sheets", which act as a casting mold, are installed on top of the filling. The length of the plates is from the inner edge of the plinth to the inner edge. A rubber seal etc. is installed on the longitudinal seams of the boards and the boards are fastened to each other at intervals of about 500 mm with pop rivets or screws, etc. The joints between the plinth and the board are sealed with polyurethane foam or the like.

With 20 materials. The groove spaces of the "corrugated sheet" are filled with concrete and the concrete surface is adjusted to the level of the upper surface of the corrugated sheet or a thicker concrete layer is used.

Next, an insulator is installed, on which a thin layer of concrete 25 or a tongue-and-groove board is glued together. When using a corrugated floor, the collars can be fixed to the "corrugated sheet" with screws.

The trench in the backfill is connected to the roof with a threaded pipe or the like, for example, whereby a vacuum is created in the trench. A plastic film is applied over the lowest filler-30 soil layer or subsoil, especially when the subsoil is moist.

Radon gas from the soil accumulates in the open groove spaces of the "corrugated sheet". Due to the vacuum in the trench, radon-35 gas accumulates from all groove spaces into and out of the trench through the ventilation pipe. To fill the moisture is ventilated out at the same time. Based on the measurements made in the test house, it is known that the entry of radon gas into the 5 66045 rooms can be prevented by this arrangement. The lower floor solution works like a kitchen hood, eliminating the disadvantage wherever it occurs.

5 In terms of cost, this subfloor solution corresponds to a conventional concrete subfloor, as less concrete is used and no reinforcing steel mesh is required. Because the amount of concrete in the subfloor solution is minimized, the concrete dries quickly and the insulation and floor covering can be installed earlier than at present. If the upper surface of the "corrugated sheet" acts as a "casting guide-10 na" for the floor concrete, the floor also becomes straight when made independently. The concrete consumption is so low that the concrete can be mixed, even in the construction site's own concrete mixer, thus minimizing the cost of concrete.

The vacuum created by gravity can also be achieved mechanically or in another way, as long as it is ensured that there is a vacuum in the air duct of the plate structure.

In the plate structure applications described above, we have talked about subfloor solutions implemented in new construction. Since radon gas burdens 20 already built houses, it will be briefly described how the slab structure according to the invention can be used in the renovation of the subfloors of old buildings, whereby the radon problem can be eliminated.

By placing the formwork plate on top of the old base and e.g. concreting the formwork plate into a rigid plate structure and making a collector duct in the old floor, for example before installing the formwork plates and connecting this collector duct with a ventilation pipe, the necessary air duct and vacuum The collecting channel can also be formed by using a sufficiently high shaped plate, arranging an opening about 200 mm wide in the middle of the length of the shaped plates (removing a piece from the plate or using plates so long that said opening of about 200 mm is left between them), for example with a sheet metal strip, which is sealed in the grooves above the form plate with a suitable profile seal. With this arrangement, there is no need to make a collector duct on the old floor.

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In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to some application examples of the invention shown in the figures of the accompanying drawings, to which the invention is not intended to be narrowly limited.

Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of an application example of the invention, where the fracture plate is a corrugated plate disclosed in the applicant's Finnish patent publication No. 54006 and where the groove spaces of the corrugated plate are leveled with concrete to provide a composite plate structure. The corrugated sheet has holes so that the sheet "breathes" over its entire surface area.

Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of an embodiment of the invention, in which the form plate is a smooth and perforated corrugated plate, concrete which creates a straight surface for the insulation and the insulation has a dense film on the insulation to prevent room moisture from entering the plate structure.

Fig. 1 shows a corrugated plate 1 with a gripping projection 1 'and holes 1 ", a filling area 2, grooves 3 of the corrugated plate forming an air duct system in the plate structure, concrete 4, insulation 5, moisture barrier 5', floor cover 20, floor covering 7 and radon gas, to fill moisture, etc. 8.

Figure 2 shows a smooth-surfaced intact corrugated sheet 1, backfill 2, corrugated sheet grooves 3, concrete 4, insulation 5, moisture barrier 5 ', floor covering washer 6, floor covering 7 and radon gas, to fill moisture, etc. 8.

Claims (8)

Use of a plate structure comprising a form plate (1) and a filler component such as a casting component (4), characterized in that the plate structure is used for underground subsoil structures to collect and ventilate radon gas and possibly moisture or the like from the soil and thus to prevent said gases from entering the room. in which the recesses of the form plate, together with the filling (2) or other part of the lower base, limit the ductwork used for said collection and ventilation of the gases. Drive according to Claim 1, characterized in that the form plate (1) is air-permeable. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the casting component (4) or the like is permeable to air. 15 Use according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plate structure acts as a composite structure. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the seams of the form plate are sealed to be impermeable to air. Use according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the joints between the form plates and the plinth are sealed with polyurethane foam or a profile seal. 25 Use according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the air duct of the plate structure is ventilated in such a way that said a radiant gas or similar ventilated pressure difference is created in the air system. 7 60045 Use according to Claim 7, characterized in that a vacuum is applied to the air duct of the plate structure mechanically and / or by a chimney effect.