FI61066B - SKIVKONSTRUKTION - Google Patents

Description

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PitWtti- and rakiiterlhallltu »(44) Date of issue |

Patent-och ragirtarttyralsan 'Antokin utiigd och utl.ikriftan pubiic * r »d 29.01.82 (32) (33) (31) Requested« iiolktu * —Begird prlorltet (71) (72) Matti Home, Lystimäenkuja 5, 02210 Espoo 21 , Suomi-Finland (FI) (7! +) Forssen & Salomaa Oy (5I4) Slab structure - Skivkonstruktion

The invention relates to a slab structure intended for the lower, intermediate, upper floor or wall structures of a building or the like.

The object of the invention is to provide a new plate structure for use in construction, the components of which act as a mold, reinforcement, insulation, moisture and air barrier and as an installation and / or suspension platform for various installations such as electrical, plumbing, sewerage and ventilation piping. lower, intermediate, upper floor or wall structure.

This invention relates to the composite structure disclosed in Applicant's Finnish Patent Publication No. 54,006, but this new invention does not limit the adhesive protrusion between the reinforcing sheet and the cast component to include only the solution disclosed in said patent, but includes all adhesive protrusion solutions which between the component to provide sufficient adhesion to the composite structure. Likewise, the present invention may deviate from the scope of the patent publication in that it is not necessary to provide a gripping projection on the side opposite to the moldable component of the sheet metal, but the sheet may also be smooth.

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The following materials, listed from the bottom up, have become common ground floor solutions in the building, in which case the floor covering is not mentioned.

- concrete + insulation + concrete - gravel + insulation + concrete - concrete + insulation + corrugation - concrete + insulation + slab - Lightweight gravel + concrete - concrete element The common feature of all these solutions, excluding the concrete element, is that they need an underground floor. Making such an underground floor in summer conditions is always successful, but winter construction brings numerous problems to part of the underground floor. Let us list a few of these, which e.g. M. Sc. Paavo Perjo has stated in his article in Rakennusteollisuus magazine 3/1979. "Reliable densification of underground flooring in winter conditions is unresolved. Postponing the construction of underground floors to take place inside the hull is likely to confuse the entire schedule of the interior preparation phase. The financial outcome of the detached house project will be achieved or lost with foundation and earthworks."

The invention is mainly characterized in that in order to form the base structures and / or wall structures substantially entirely of said plate structure, it comprises as a sandwich structure combination at least the following layers: a) an insulating layer of self-adhesive foamable insulating material, b) said adhesive projection; immediately associated with the adhesive effect of the foamable insulating material, c) a casting component e.g.

Preferred are e.g. embodiments of the invention in which the castable component of the composite structure is concrete and the insulation is a plastic-based insulator, such as polyurethane and polyisocyanurate or the like, which is made to adhere to a sheet metal or similar sheet by its own gluing effect.

Preference is also given to applications in which the components have been assembled as far as possible 3 61 066 in the factory, and the application of the invention is described in more detail in a solution which serves as the lower floor of the building.

Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that the invention is in no way limited to the use of concrete and plastic insulation, but gypsum, lightweight concrete such as siporex, lightweight concrete and the like can be used as a cast component instead of concrete. to provide a composite structure for the adhesive projection of the sheet and it should also be emphasized that the material on the opposite side of the sheet may be mineral wool, styrox, chipboard, siporex material or fibreboard, sheet metal, panel and the like in addition to the self-adhesive layer.

The plate structure according to the invention can be the lower, intermediate or upper floor or wall structure of a building or, in general, a structure whose function is to receive the stresses applied to it.

It should be emphasized that although the above has been a sheet of reinforced sheet metal, it is to be understood that the invention also encompasses solutions in which a sheet other than steel sheet is used as the sheet, e.g. a corresponding metal sheet or plastic sheet or a combination thereof.

The components of the plate structure according to the invention can also be assembled from parts at a construction site or the like.

The following describes the advantages of an embodiment of the invention compared to conventional subfloor solutions. To illustrate the description, the term "floor element" is used hereinafter. Concrete or similar material is poured on site.

The "floor element" according to the invention is - a foundation element ready for concreting, self-supporting at the mold stage and pre-insulated, which is installed on the foundations.

- The "floor element" sheet is hot-dip galvanized steel sheet, in which case there is no risk of corrosion under any circumstances.

- the insulation of the "floor element" is made of water-vapor-tight, non-hydrogen-proof, strong, permanent and chemically resistant polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, etc.

- "floor element" is a Multi-purpose Building Material that a self-employed builder can use.

According to this embodiment of the invention, the "floor element" is used quickly and economically to build the subfloors of detached houses, apartment buildings, office buildings, halls and warehouses, and in general all buildings covered by building construction.

The "floor element" eliminates: - delays in the foundation work due to design errors - difficulties in the foundation phase caused by the soil - effects of weather conditions on the foundation work - different timing of the formwork, reinforcement and insulation work

Design work can be carried out reliably, which eliminates delays in foundation work due to possible design errors. The "element" is easy to cut, so that dimensional errors in the foundations can be corrected even on site.

The difficulties in the foundation phase caused by the soil are reduced because the excavation work is limited to only part of the foundation, mainly in the area of the load-bearing walls.

The weather conditions do not interfere with the foundation work, as the "floor element" is suitable for construction in all seasons.

The formwork and reinforcement work is carried out simultaneously with the thermal and moisture insulation work, because the "floor element" includes all this.

The "floor element" acts as a concrete casting mold, reinforcement, thermal insulation, and moisture and air barrier for the roof of the full and share basement and the cold-basement placed under the house.

Underfloor heating piping and underfloor heating cables as well as protective pipes for water and electrical installations can be placed on top of the "floor element" before concreting, making the work easy and quick to complete. Sewer and air conditioning pipes are preferably hung under the "floor element".

The weight of the floor element is about 7 kg / jm, so no machines are needed to move the element. The installation work of the "elements" can also be carried out inside the frame. In this way, it is possible to eliminate the disadvantage of weather conditions and make it easier to set up in winter.

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to some embodiments of the invention shown in the figures of the accompanying drawing, to which the invention is not intended to be narrowly limited.

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Figure 1 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of the invention in which the insulator is tightly attached to a sheet metal.

Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the invention, in which the plate solution according to the invention acts as a lower base and wall structure.

Figure 1 shows a corrugated plate 1 with an adhesive projection 1 ', an insulator 3, an insulating protective paper or plate or the like 4, additional steels 10, if necessary due to the dimensioning of the structure, piping installations 15, which may be electrical installation protective pipes or underfloor heating pipes or cables. Concrete or similar material 11 can be poured on site or it can be ready in the structure. Coating 14 is usually installed on site.

In addition, the insulating layer 3 can be provided with casting or otherwise tubular channels, which are available as a drawing space for electrical, telephone, telecommunication devices and / or similar wires.

Figure 2 shows the same components 1,3,4,5,10,11,14 and 15 as in Figure 1.

Insulators 12, which are necessary so that the heat from under the house and from the heat storage does not escape too quickly through the foundation, and the bituminous strip strip 13 so that air moisture can escape through the stone gravel strip of the bitumen strip.

It is possible to implement the support, for example, in that in the lower floor solution according to the invention the unconreted "floor element" is supported directly on the foundation and torn, in which holes the steel pins 10 'are found so that when the concrete hardens the loads are transferred to the foundation. In this case, a tight joint is obtained between the foundation and the "floor element", because in the concreting stage the weight of the concrete does the sealing work. In this case, the moisture under the subfloor cannot penetrate between the floor element and the foundation, which is why e.g. a strip of bituminous felt on a stone surface on top of the foundation at this point may be unnecessary. However, a bitumen felt strip under the bottom beam of a wall structure or, if a bottom beam is not used, it may be necessary under the wall structure that the moisture in the rooms does not condense in the space between the bottom beam / wall / insulation and the foundation.

The following are claims within the scope of which the various details of the invention may vary within the scope of the inventive idea.

Claims (5)

1. A slab structure which Mr intended for bottom, middle, upper floor or wall structures or the like in a building, characterized in that the slab structure, for forming the floor slab structures and / or the wall structures, substantially comprises in its entirety the following slab structure. in the form of a sandwich construction combination: a) an insulating layer (3) such as Mr of a self-adhesive foamable insulating material at a profiled sheet (1), b) a profiled sheet (1) provided with anchoring studs (1), to which said insulating layer (3) Mr. directly connected by the adhesive action of the foamable insulator material; c) a casting component (11), e.g. a concrete layer which has been cast or cast on the building site using said profiled sheet (1) as a molding sheet on the relative side of said insulated layer (3) opposite the profiled sheet (1), so that the casting component (11) together with the profiled sheet (1) thanks to its anchoring studs (1 ') form a supporting composite structure. Disc structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating material layer (3) consists of a foamable insulating material layer of, for example, polyurethane or polyisocyanurate, which, in a known molding step, is attached to the profiled sheet (1) in its anchoring joints (1 '). ) opposite surface and at least fills the profiled disk's storage spaces. Disc structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the casting component (1) and / or the insulating layer (3) in the casting step or otherwise tubular ducts have been formed, which can be used as space for drawing wires for electricity, telephone, telecommunications and /or similar. Disc structure according to claim 1,2 or 3, characterized in that in light, non-load-bearing wall structures, instead of the surface smooth concrete, a special slab, which for its part limits an air duct system in said wall structures, is used. can be used e.g. as exhaust air ducts.