FI58292B - LASTRUMSLUCKA - Google Patents

Description

Γΰδ ^ Ι ΓβΊ „„ ADVERTISEMENT, ULKA.SU ς fl OQ 9 JETf LBJ UTLÄGG NI NGSSKM FT «Oi / 4 C (4S)" ty 1 "01 Vs * ^ (51) Kv-Ik-Wa3 B 63 B 19 / 16 ENGLISH — FINLAND (21) 1002/72 (22) HtkatnitpilYi - An * 6knlnpd * (10.0U. 72 ^ ^ (23) Primary — GUtlihrtsd ·! 10.0U.72 (41) Tullut {ulklMtul - Blfvlt 03.09.73

National Board of Patents and Registration (44) NlhtlvtltiIpenen „^ ίΝ, ω (υη„ m. _

Patent and Registration Office An * ekm utisgd oeh etc. * krift * n pubiic «nd 30.09.80 (32) (33) (31) Requested« uotk «i * —Bejtrd prlorltat 02.03-72 United States Equitable Equipment Company, Inc., H325 France Road, New Orleans,

Louisiana, USA (72) Ammon Warner Kersteter, Covington, Louisiana, USA (7 * 0 Oy Kolster Ab (5 * 0 Cargo hatch - Lastrumslucka The present invention relates to a cargo hatch of the type set out in the preamble of claim 1. .

Such a cargo hatch is known, for example, from German patent publication 959 163. Due to the large dimensions of the cargo holds of cargo ships and their hatches, there are dimensional deviations in both and in the cargo compartment, especially with regard to their length. When the hatches are then installed on top of the cargo hold, dimensional deviations in the width of each hatch cause sealing problems both between the individual deck plates and between the deck plates and the rim edge. These problems are particularly difficult when attempting to use cover plates made for a particular cargo hold for another hold which, while having the same nominal dimensions, nevertheless has manufacturing dimensional deviations.

In the device known from German patent publication 959 163, the edges of the individual cover plates are made hook-like, so that they overlap one another, respectively. At the same time, the hooks support the sealing elements for the mutual sealing of the individual cover plates, which makes it impossible to achieve precise fastening of the plates to each other due to the flexibility of the sealing elements. For this reason or due to dimensional deviations, it may not be possible to achieve an exact seal against the rim at the end of a row of discs installed in this way. On the other hand, if you try to reposition the already inserted discs to improve the seal at the end of the disc row, the seals may suffer for the first-inserted discs. Achieving accurate sealing is at least questionable in cases where there is a seam between two cover plates while there is a seam between these cover plates and the rim of the manhole.

German publications 1 105 749, 1 172 56Θ and 1 755 586 disclose devices in which a plurality of cover plates are permanently connected to one another by joints. The disadvantage in this case is the complex interconnection mechanism and the fact that the individual plates must be made to fit very closely with each other and with the drive rod. In this case, of course, it is not possible to replace the cover plates belonging to another cargo hold.

German Offenlegungsschrift Publication No. 1,116,097 discloses a recess in the rim of an opening into which a roller attached to a cover can penetrate without touching the edges of the recess. For this reason, it is not possible to center the individual cover plates with respect to the rim with this roller. This known device does not solve the problem associated with reliable sealing in the presence of dimensional deviations.

German patent publication 656 344 and publication publication 1 116 098 disclose seals between the lid and the rim of the hold and tightening bolts and projections for tightening the seals. These publications also do not provide any solution to the above problem.

The object of the present invention is to provide a perfect and complete sealing in a cargo hatch hatch of the type described without the need to set narrow dimensional tolerances on the hold and the cover plates. This object is achieved by a hatch according to the invention, which is characterized in that the middle cover plate has edges extending only over the edge of the manhole and only below the edges of the adjacent cover plates and centering members suitable for counterparts on the support surface separate from the means for joining and securing these cover plates, and that the support surface of the manhole rim for the sealing profile of the lid from the disc to the last cover disc to be applied.

The hatch according to the invention provides: - that the starting point of the row of cover plates to be inserted can be determined precisely, - that the other cover plates are secured only to the , - and that the total dimensional deviation of the cover plates at the end of the set cover plate row is compensated by a correspondingly wide support edge for the seal pressing against the edge of the last opening of the cover plate.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 shows a somewhat schematic top view of a cargo hold hatch according to the invention fitted over a cargo hold opening.

Fig. 2 shows an enlarged sectional side view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a partial view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 shows on an enlarged scale a partial view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a partial view taken along line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 shows on a further enlarged scale a partial view corresponding to Fig. 2, showing the initial arrangement of the central plate of the cargo hatch hatch in place, and also showing some details not shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary side view of the plate no. 2 parts of one end.

Figure 8 shows on an enlarged scale the left-hand part of Figure 2.

Fig. 9 shows, on an enlarged scale, a partial view of the left-hand part of Fig. 3.

Fig. 10 shows on an enlarged scale a partial section taken at line 10-10 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 shows a vertical section taken at line 11-11 in Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 shows a vertical section taken at line 12-12 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 shows on an enlarged scale a vertical section taken at line 13-13 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 14 shows on an enlarged scale a vertical section taken at line 14-14 in Fig. 1.

Figure 1 of the drawings shows a rectangular cargo hold opening 20 surrounded by a conventional flange 22 projecting upward from the ship's deck 23 to form a portion of a frame which also has an outer peripheral horizontal flange 24 near its top formed of a downwardly directed U-rail attached to the flange 22 (Figures 2, 4> 6, 13, 14). A plurality of separate generally rectangular cargo hatch plates, all of which have substantially the same length and width, are arranged laterally across the cargo hold opening 20 to cover this opening. Seven such plates have been shown to illustrate the principles of the invention, but depending on the size of the opening to be covered, a smaller number of plates could be used in practice to practice the invention, in fact only two plates. In order to distinguish the plates from each other, the central plate is marked with the number 1, the terminal plates, which are completely similar in structure, are marked with the number 3 *, and the four plates, which are completely identical in structure, are also marked with the number 2.

All said plates are generally some metal welded into an open-bottomed box-like structure with a cover plate 26, downwardly extending side flanges with lateral stiffening flanges at the lower end, downwardly hanging ends having a rectangular tubular structure (e.g. at 28, Fig. 14), longitudinal internal stiffeners s 58292 (not shown), and lifting eyes or rings 30 (Fig. 4) located at the four corners of the plate. If desired, the cover plate 26 may be curved in its longitudinal direction, i.e. in the transverse direction of the cargo hold opening.

On the lower surface of each plate there is a downwardly directed circumferential trough 32 at the ends of the plate, to which a seal 34 »of rubber or the like is attached which protrudes from the trough so as to sealingly engage the horizontal flange 24 of the opening frame when the plate is placed over the cargo opening 20. At each end of each plate, there is also a plurality of vertical support plates 36 outwardly of the trough 32, which hang down below the trough 32 to a plane slightly above the lower edge of the seal 34 when this seal is not compressed. These support plates 36 press against the horizontal flange 24 of the opening frame and support the weight of each plate on the flange, but at the same time allow the seals 34 to press tightly against this flange.

In the central cargo hatch plate no. 1 has a downwardly extending conically tapered pin 38 at each end (Fig. 6), and these pins are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the plate. These pins 38 extend below the support plates 36 of the plate and are adapted to protrude through the reinforced openings 40 in the horizontal flange 24 of the opening frame (Fig. 6) with the plate no. 1 in a predetermined position with respect to the cargo hold opening 20, in which position the end seals 34 seal the opening relative to the frame (Fig. 14). Record no. Once thus positioned, it is locked in place by fastening bolts 41 pivotally fitted to the flange 24 of the aperture frame via the projections 42 and which fit into the notches in the horizontal flanges of the fastening projections 43 at the ends of the plate, as shown in FIG. According to the invention, plate no. 1 is placed in place before the other plates. The plates are then fitted with plate no. 1 on each side in succession towards the ends of the cargo space opening, i.e. in the order plate no. 2 plates no. 2 and plate no. 3 »for reasons to be explained later.

On disc no. 1 is a horizontal side flange 44 »along each side thereof below the cover plate 26 with an upwardly turned outer lip 45 (Figs. 6, 8-11). As best seen in Figures 8 and 9, the flange 44 extends at its ends past the ends of the plate number 1 over the extended end portions of the seal retaining chute. The lip 45 is cut away at the end portions of the flange 44, and the remaining edge is bevelled downward and outward as shown at 46 (Figures 8 and 10). The seal retaining chute 32 terminates below the flange 44, but the seal 34 protrudes past this flange and is beveled at 48 as an extension to the bevel 46 of the edge of the flange 44.

6,58292

All plates in between no. 2 are similar in structure, so that the explanation of one plate is sufficient. For each disk in between no. 2 the thickness is reduced along the other side of the plate, i.e. along towards the central plate no. 1 as best seen in Figures 7 and 10, and the lower end of the respective side flange 50 is bent downwardly to support a downwardly opening trough 52 to which a seal 54 is attached which protrudes below the trough (Figure 1i). Record no. 1 adjacent discs no. 2 in place, the seals 54 press tightly against the plate no. For side flanges on 1 side 44 ·

Record no. 2 the lower ends of the tubes 28 are notched at 56 in plate no. 1 so that they overlap the plate no. 1 on the side flange 44, as best shown in Fig. 1. Similarly, in plate no.

2, the sealing chute 52 extends upwardly into this notch 56 at an angle equal to that of plate no. 1 at the ends of the seals 54, and then horizontally, so that the plate no. 2, the end portions of the seals 54 are tightly pressed into the bevels 48 and 46 at the ends of the plate no. 1 and the edge of the flange 44, as well as the end of this flange, as best shown in Fig. 10. 2, the troughs 52 and seals 54 pivot inwardly and engage smoothly with the side trough 52 and the seal 54 therein, as generally shown in Figure 10.

Once in place, plate no. 1 is attached to adjacent plates no. 2 along their sides with a suitable number of elongate fastening bolts 58 which are pivotally fastened in the central plate no. 1 to the horizontal pins 60 on the side, and these bolts fit into the intermediate plates no. 2 into notches in the horizontal flanges of the bolt projections 64 on the sides 50 (Figures 9-12). The nuts 66 of the bolts 58 press against the upper surfaces of the projections 64. For reasons to be explained later, the disc contains no. 2 near each bolt protrusion 64 a vertical side plate 68 extending downward substantially in contact with the plate no.

1 with the side flange 44 when the plates are in place. 2 and the plates no. 5 are fixed in place at their ends to the frame of the hold opening by a number of fastening bolts 41 and projections similar to those means by which the plate no. 1 is attached to said frame.

Central plate no. 1, a vertical flange 70 protrudes outwards in the vicinity of each fixing bolt 58, the upper edge of which is flush with the upper surface of the cover plate 26 and has an outwardly rounded angle. These flanges 70 protrude somewhat laterally past the bolts 58. The flanges 70 and the plates 68 cooperate and prevent possible damage to the bolts 58 and the side seals 54 when the plates no. 2 are lowered to their closed position and possibly deviated from their orientation.

Record no. 1, each of the four corners has laterally projecting vertical flanges 72 extending over the protruding ends of the side flanges 44 and having TJ-shaped notches 74 in the upper surfaces, as shown in Figs. 6, R and 9. Each plate in between no. 2 is provided at both ends at the side facing the central plate no. 1, with longitudinally projecting pins 76 which narrowly fit notches 74 in plates no. 2 when placed. Note that those parts of the flanges 72 which protrude from the plate no. 1 past, are thinned on the inside so that they fit the plates no. 2 to the side portions between each pair of flanges 72 so as to leave a certain clearance, as shown in Fig. 9. The pins j6 and the notches 74 maintain a predetermined lateral distance between the plates no. 2 and the central plate no. 1, so that in plates no. 2 are properly pressed against the plate no. 1 to the side flanges, and the fastening bolts 59 are properly fitted with the plates no. 2 into the notches in the protrusions 64. Flanges 72 still retain plates no. 2 in a properly secured position across the cargo hold opening so as to further ensure that the securing bolts 58 and the projections are in the same position, and that the plate no. 2, the end seals 34, properly sealing, press against the flange 34 of the opening frame. In order to facilitate the fitting of the side part 2 between the respective pairs of flanges 72, the upper surface of each flange 72 has, for example at 78, an inwardly directed oblique located outside the notch 74, as shown in Fig. 9. In order to make it easier for the pins 76 to fit into the notches 74, these are likewise divergent at their upper ends.

Between plates no. 2, the side portions located opposite their thinner sides, are constructed in the same manner as the central plate no. 1 side parts, while the plates no. 2 those side parts located on the plates no. 2 next to, are similar in structure to plates no. 2 those side parts facing towards plate no. 1. Thus it is seen that each adjacent pair of plates between no. 2 and plates no * 2 and no. 3 the adjacent pair is sealed and fastened together in the same way as the central plate no. 1 is sealed and fixed to the adjacent plates no. 2.

In the end plates no. 3 is a downwardly directed circumferential trough 80 along the sides near the ends of the cargo hold opening 20 to which a seal 82 is attached, as shown in FIG. The seals 82 protrude downwards from the troughs 80 and press into the horizontal flange 24 of the opening frame β 58292 when the end plates are installed. At their ends, the troughs 80 and the seals 82 are connected at their smooth round corners to the plates no. 3 end gutters 32 and seals 34. A plurality of support plates 84 extend downwardly of the end plates no. 3 from the outside outside the troughs 80 and presses, supporting the frame flange 24. The end plates no. 3, these outer sides are also fastened in place by a number of pivoting fastening bolts 85 arranged in connection with the horizontal flange 24 of the frame and which fit in the end plates no. 3 to the horizontal flanges of the bolt projections 88.

Examining Fig. 13, it can be seen that along each end of the cargo hold opening 20, there is a considerable gap between the vertical flange 22 of the frame and the pivot projections 90 of the fixing bolts 86 of the horizontal frame flange 24. In this way, a number of placement points are obtained where the seals 82 can press against the seal on the flange 24 of the frame. It is further noted that the terminals no. The notches in the fixing projections 88 along the outer sides 3 are considerably long. In addition, there are no. The distance between the lugs of the pivot projections 42 of the fastening bolts 41 of the ends 2 and 3 is considerably large, so that the bolts 41 can be positioned in the longitudinal direction of the cargo hold opening 20. Thanks to this structure, the width of several cover plates, e.g., two plates no. 2 and single disc no. 3 width variations of the central plate no. 1 on each side. In other words, it is seen that when the plates are placed alternately on each side, the distance between adjacent plates remains substantially the same due to the interlocking pins and notches 74, regardless of the location of these plates along the length of the cargo hold opening 20. However, as noted above, no. 2 and plate no. 3 small variations in widths occur. These variations can be cumulative, either increasing or decreasing the overall width, so that the seals 82 on the outside of the end plates 3 sealingly press against the horizontal flange 24 of the frame of the cargo hold opening 20 at different points on this flange. These variations can be allowed because a specific location range is reserved for the seals.

It will also be seen that the respective plates can be easily replaced in connection with the same opening or used to cover another cargo hold opening without any sealing problems.

Although the invention has been described above in connection with seven plates, and assuming that the central plate is first mounted at a predetermined location in the cargo hold, the invention can obviously be varied. Thus, the advantages of the invention could be achieved initially by fitting the end plate to a predetermined position on the end portion of the cargo hold opening and using suitable downwardly extending fixing pins in these end plates which project into suitable openings in the horizontal flange of the opening frame. Correspondingly, the side portion of the terminal plate facing the other end of the cargo hold opening could be constructed exactly similar to the central plate no. 1 side sections. Thus, the plates between no. 2 and end plate no. 3 in turn, fit the opening from one end to the other, instead of placing the plates starting from the central plate towards both ends of the opening. However, the latter approach is preferred because it reduces cumulative variations in plate widths.

It will also be seen that each corner of each plate has stacking pins 98 extending vertically through these corners and protruding slightly, above the cover plate 26 and below the lower edges of the seals 34 at the ends of the plate, as best shown in Figure 14. The top of each pin 90 is generally conical , as shown at 100, while the lower part of the pin has a complementary convex recess 102 axially located on the line of the upper cone 100, as best shown in Figures 13 and 14. The side and length dimensions of these four pins 98 are the same in each plate. This allows the plates to be stacked on top of each other so that the conical tops 100 of the pins 98 of each plate below fit into the concave conical complement recesses 102 of the pins of the top plate, with the end and side seals 34, 54 and 82 of each plate not contacting adjacent plates. The plates can thus be stored in such a way that the seals are not damaged when the plates are not in use.

i

Claims (7)

58292 10 A cargo hatch comprising at least two separately stackable and spreadable cover plates (1, 2, 3) which are in contact with each other and with the opening (22) of the hold through sealing profiles (3 ^, 5 ** »82) and are fully equipped removable members (72-76) for joining and securing their edges extending above and below each other, characterized in that the middle cover plate (1) has only the edges extending over the edge (22) of the manhole and only the edges of the adjacent cover plates (2) underlying edges and centering members (38) suitable for counterparts (1 + 0) on the support surface (2 + +) of the manhole rim (22), that the sealing profile (5 ^) for the edges of the respective adjacent cover plates (2, 3) is arranged separately on one of these cover plates connecting and securing members (72-76) and that the support surface of the orifice rim (22) (2k) for the sealing profile (82) of the cover plate (3) having only edges extending over the edge of the manhole edge (22) and the adjacent cover plate (2) is wider than the cumulative dimensional deviation of the cover plate row extending from the first cover plate to be applied last. A hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering means for securing the first cover plate (1) in place at one end of the hold opening (20) are arranged on the longitudinal edges of the ship. A hatch according to claim 1, having removable clamping means for fastening the cover plates to the edge of the manhole, characterized in that between the parts (86, 92 and 1, 1 + 3) of the clamping means for fastening the cover plates (2, 3) are arranged play. 1+. Hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering members are formed by pins (38). A hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting members are formed by two juxtaposed flanges (72) located on the end sides of the previously installed cover plate, and in that each subsequent cover plate has two pins which engage in notches (7) in the flanges (72). * 0 (Figure 8). A hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that each cover plate (1, 2, 3) has a side flange (1 + 1 +) along the longitudinal side to which the next cover plate is connected, which side flange cooperates with the sealing profile (S **>). A hatch according to claim 1, characterized in that detachable clamping members are arranged on the longitudinal sides of the cover plates, comprising at least one clamping bolt (58) pivotally mounted on the longitudinal side of each cover plate and a fastening projection (61+) arranged on the longitudinal side of the next cover plate. (Figures 11 and 12).